CN110465630A - A kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall - Google Patents
A kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN110465630A CN110465630A CN201910811937.XA CN201910811937A CN110465630A CN 110465630 A CN110465630 A CN 110465630A CN 201910811937 A CN201910811937 A CN 201910811937A CN 110465630 A CN110465630 A CN 110465630A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to Ti alloy casting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall.The casting method includes that graphite mould design, graphite mould coating and casting post-process three steps.The advantages of comprehensive model casting of the present invention and machine add graphite mold casting, the dimensional accuracy of casting was not only can control, but also surface quality of continuous castings can be improved, it is ensured that casting completely shapes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ti alloy casting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of casting of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall
Make method.
Background technique
The production method of the current comparative maturity of Ti alloy casting is full form casting process and machine adds graphite mould technique, fusible pattern casting
The batch production that technique is especially suitable for complex thin-wall titanium alloy casting is made, surface quality of continuous castings is good and production cost is low, but for
Contour dimension is more than 800mm, the large thin wall casting of 2~3mm of wall thickness or so, especially some single-sided process or is not processed weak
Rigid casting, wax-pattern deformation, shell processed deformation and the Casting shrinkage of one side model casting are difficult to control, easily generation casting ruler
It is very little overproof, it may cause casting when serious and scrap；After the deformation of another aspect large thin wall casting, hot sizing technical difficulty is big, and
And school shape mode is accommodated size by vacuum drying oven and is limited.According to the weak rigid casting of machine plus graphite mold casting large thin-wall, a side
The defects of face graphite mould thermal conductivity is high, and chilling action is strong, and cast(ing) surface is also easy to produce cold shut, current mark, crackle, post-processing difficulty is big；
On the other hand, titanium liquid off-energy in cavity filling process is big, and mold-filling capacity reduces, and thin-walled position at the far end easily occurs owing casting
Phenomenon, but the titanium casting internal soundness of graphite mould cast is good, and dimensional stability is high.So preferentially guaranteeing large thin-wall
Under the premise of cast casting is successful, urgent need studies a kind of ideal Ti alloy casting technique, both can guarantee the weak rigidity of large thin-wall
The size of casting, and the surface quality and mold-filling capacity of the weak rigid casting of large thin-wall can be improved.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The present invention proposes a kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall, big to solve how both to have can guarantee
The size of the weak rigid casting of type thin-walled, but the technology for the surface quality and mold-filling capacity for improving the weak rigid casting of large thin-wall is asked
Topic.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of casting side of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall
Method, the casting method include the following steps:
S1, graphite mould design: according to rising pouring and/or the running gate system of side note open by design titanium alloy casting, it is arranged 1
Sprue and Duo Gen ingate；Pouring position selects the thin-wall regions in casting, and according to casting height, multilayer ingate is arranged,
Layout is in casting outer profile；Multiple ventholes are arranged in casting upper end, are conducive to casting and are vented；According to the structure of the open position of casting,
Reinforcing rib is set, and the thickness of reinforcing rib is equal with casting section thickness；According to the dimensional tolerance and structure of casting, the contraction of casting is set
Rate is 0.5%~0.8%, and the molding allowance of 0.5~1mm is arranged in non-processing face, and casting all surface increases by 0.5~1mm's
Brush doses；Using embedded positioning between graphite core and external mold；
S2, graphite mould coating, specifically include:
Before S2.1, graphite mould assembling, laser three-dimensional scanning carried out to every block of graphite, surface contour error control ± 0.2mm with
It is interior；
S2.2, it graphite block is placed in vacuum degassing furnace carries out vacuum degassing；
S2.3, the Y for being continuously added to 200~400 mesh in a binder2O3Wetting agent and defoaming agent is added in powder while stirring,
It is configured to the coating that flow cup viscosity is 30~35s；
S2.4, the inner surface of external mold, tundish and ingate contact titanium liquid is cleared up with air hose and sand paper, uses step
The coating that S2.3 is prepared brushes the surface after cleaning, brushes 5~10 times, spontaneously dries；
S2.5, the graphite block for having brushed coating is placed in secondary degasification in vacuum degassing furnace；
S2.6, after graphite block is cooled to room temperature, polished with sand paper coating, and remove the dust particles that fall；
It is to be cast that the graphite block cleaned out is assembled into graphite mould etc.；
S3, casting post-processing: after graphite mould is poured, is cooled to 100 DEG C or less and begins a clean up graphite mould, to casting into
Row hot isostatic pressing and annealing.
Further, in step sl, sprue is the cylinder of 60~φ of diameter phi 110mm；Ingate is diameter phi 60
The cylinder of~φ 80mm.
Further, in step sl, 10~30 diameter phi 3~φ 5mm ventholes are arranged in casting upper end.
Further, in step sl, tundish is designed to square-outside and round-inside structure, and open ended amount of metal accounts for poured weights
50%~100%.
Further, in step sl, reinforcing rib is "-" type, T-type, cross or rice font reinforcing rib.
Further, in step S2.2, outgassing temperature is 910 ± 20 DEG C, vacuum degree≤2Pa, 2~4h of soaking time,
Furnace cooling is come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
Further, in step S2.3, the Y of 200~400 mesh is continuously added in two Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent2O3Powder, powder
Wetting agent and defoaming agent is added in 2.6:1~3.4:1 in liquor ratio control while stirring, is configured to the painting that flow cup viscosity is 30~35s
Material；Wherein, wetting agent JFC, EA or OP-1, additional amount are the 0.1~0.3% of binder content；Defoaming agent is positive pungent
Alcohol, n-amyl alcohol or isopropanol, additional amount are the 0.05~0.1% of binder content.
Further, in step S2.4, the 1st time 12~20h of drying time, 2~10 times 4~6h of drying time.
Further, in step S2.5, outgassing temperature is 910 ± 20 DEG C, vacuum degree≤2Pa, 2~4h of soaking time,
Furnace cooling is come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
Further, in step s3, ingate is cut off in time in graphite mould scale removal process；It is quiet that heat etc. is carried out to casting
Retain reinforcing rib when pressure and annealing, when reinforcing rib influences X-ray check, is initially switched off part reinforcing rib, segmentation detection, detection is completed
It burn-ons again afterwards reinforcing rib；Laser three-D detection is first carried out before casting annealing, if that there are partial walls is thin for casting, is carried out again after repair welding
Annealing.
(3) beneficial effect
The casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall proposed by the present invention, including graphite mould design, graphite mould
Coating and casting post-process three steps.The advantages of comprehensive model casting of the present invention and machine add graphite mold casting, casting was both can control
The dimensional accuracy of part, and surface quality of continuous castings can be improved, it is ensured that casting completely shapes.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the advantages of present invention passes through graphite mould external coating coating, integrates model casting and graphite mold casting, realizes ruler
It is very little in 800~1500mm magnitude, the complete forming of the local wall thickness only large-scale thin-wall titanium alloy casting of 2~3mm.
2, the present invention feature easily-deformable for the weak rigid casting of large thin-wall, takes the Position Design of graphite core, adds
The delay removal of strengthening tendons and the Airborne Laser Scan guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the weak rigid casting of large thin-wall.
3, the present invention reduces the chilling action of graphite mould, the cold shut of cast(ing) surface is split by graphite mould external coating coating
The defects of line, significantly reduces, and significantly improves the surface quality of casting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the skeleton casting graphite structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the cabin casting graphite structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose of the present invention, content and advantage clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, to tool of the invention
Body embodiment is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment proposes a kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy framework casting of large thin-wall, the maximum gabarit of casting
Having a size of 1530 × 781 × 650mm, the area of casting about 80% is that 3mm does not process special-shaped thin wall structure, and 20% area is
The single-sided process structure of 3mm, casting are integrally in non-rotating open design, and integral rigidity is poor, are also easy to produce deformation.
The casting method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, graphite mould design
According to side note open by design skeleton casting running gate system, be arranged 1 diameter be φ 60mm sprue, 19
Diameter is the cylinder ingate of φ 60mm, wherein 16 ingates are communicates directly to the thin-wall regions that 3mm is not processed, casting upper end
The venthole that 10 diameters are φ 4mm is set；It is about 300kg that tundish, which can accommodate amount of metal, accounts for the 100% of poured weights；It is casting
The T-type reinforcing rib of two 25mm thickness is arranged in the open position of part；Casting shrinkage is set as 0.6%, 3mm wall thickness setting 0.5mm's
Molding allowance, while casting all surface increases the brushing doses of 0.6mm.Using embedded between intermediate graphite core and external mold
Positioning, bolt and nut are fixed, and suspended core is avoided.
S2, graphite mould coating
S2.1, skeleton casting graphite mould formed by 46 pieces, laser three-dimensional scanning is carried out to every block of graphite, surface contour error exists
± 0.16mm, as shown in Figure 1.
S2.2, it graphite block is placed in vacuum degassing furnace carrying out vacuum degassing, outgassing temperature is 915 DEG C, vacuum degree≤
2Pa, soaking time 4h, furnace cooling are come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
S2.3, the Y that 325 mesh are continuously added in two Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent2O3Powder, the control of powder liquor ratio is in 3.2:1, side stirring
Wetting agent and defoaming agent is added in side, is configured to the coating that flow cup viscosity is 33s.Wetting agent is JFC, and additional amount accounts for about binder matter
Measure the 0.2% of score；Defoaming agent is n-octyl alcohol, and additional amount accounts for about the 0.06% of binder content.
S2.4, it is cleared up with inner surface of the sand paper of air hose and 100 mesh to external mold, tundish and ingate contact titanium liquid,
The surface after cleaning is brushed with the coating that step S2.3 is prepared, is brushed 6 times, is spontaneously dried, the 1st time drying time 15h,
2~10 times drying time 4h.
S2.5, the graphite block for having brushed coating is placed in secondary degasification in vacuum degassing furnace, outgassing temperature is 915 DEG C, vacuum
Degree≤2Pa, soaking time 3h, furnace cooling are come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
S2.6, after graphite block is cooled to room temperature, polished with sand paper positions such as peeling, the protrusions of coating, be used in combination
Air hose removes the dust particles fallen.It is to be cast to be assembled into graphite mould etc. with bolt and nut for the graphite block that will be cleaned out.
S3, casting post-processing
It after graphite mould is poured, is cooled to 100 DEG C or less and begins a clean up, poured in cutting in time in graphite mould scale removal process
Retain reinforcing rib when road, casting hot isostatic pressing and annealing, point three sections of progress X-ray checks, reinforcement of burn-oning again after the completion of one section of detection
Muscle.The forming of casting 3mm thin-wall construction is complete, and fluorescence detection surface defect is less, the laser three-D testing result before casting annealing
Preferably, control errors meet following process requirement within ± 0.5mm for display, scan model and theoretical model fitting.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment proposes a kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy cabin casting of large thin-wall, the maximum gabarit of casting
Having a size of 712 × 854 × 498mm, the area of casting about 50% is that 3mm does not process thin-wall construction, and 50% area is the list of 2mm
Face processes structure, and casting generally Ω shape open design, integral rigidity is poor, is also easy to produce deformation.
The casting method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, graphite mould design
According to side note open by design cabin casting running gate system, be arranged 1 diameter be φ 70mm sprue, 10
Diameter is the cylinder ingate of φ 60mm, wherein 8 ingates are communicates directly to the thin-wall regions that 2mm is not processed, casting upper end
The venthole that 10 diameters are φ 5mm is set；It is about 80kg that tundish, which can accommodate amount of metal, accounts for the 60% of poured weights；In casting
It is φ 20mm "-" type reinforcing rib that four diameters, which are arranged, in open position；Casting shrinkage is set as the setting of 0.6%, 2mm wall thickness
The molding allowance of 0.6mm, while casting all surface increases the brushing doses of 0.5mm.Between intermediate graphite core and external mold
Using embedded positioning, bolt and nut is fixed, and avoids suspended core.
S2, graphite mould coating
S2.1, cabin casting graphite mould formed by 16 pieces, laser three-dimensional scanning is carried out to every block of graphite, surface contour error exists
± 0.2mm, as shown in Figure 2.
S2.2, it graphite block is placed in vacuum degassing furnace carrying out vacuum degassing, outgassing temperature is 910 DEG C, vacuum degree≤
2Pa, soaking time 3h, furnace cooling are come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
S2.3, the Y that 325 mesh are continuously added in two Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent2O3Powder, the control of powder liquor ratio is in 2.9:1, side stirring
Wetting agent and defoaming agent is added in side, is configured to the coating that flow cup viscosity is 30s.Wetting agent is JFC, and additional amount accounts for about binder matter
Measure the 0.15% of score；Defoaming agent is n-octyl alcohol, and additional amount accounts for about the 0.08% of binder content.
S2.4, it is cleared up with inner surface of the sand paper of air hose and 100 mesh to external mold, tundish and ingate contact titanium liquid,
The surface after cleaning is brushed with the coating that step S2.3 is prepared, is brushed 6 times, is spontaneously dried, the 1st time drying time 20h,
2~10 times drying time 6h.
S2.5, the graphite block for having brushed coating is placed in secondary degasification in vacuum degassing furnace, outgassing temperature is 910 DEG C, vacuum
Degree≤2Pa, soaking time 3h, furnace cooling are come out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
S2.6, after graphite block is cooled to room temperature, polished with sand paper positions such as peeling, the protrusions of coating, be used in combination
Air hose removes the dust particles fallen.It is to be cast to be assembled into graphite mould etc. with bolt and nut for the graphite block that will be cleaned out.
S3, casting post-processing
It after graphite mould is poured, is cooled to 100 DEG C or less and begins a clean up, poured in cutting in time in graphite mould scale removal process
Retain reinforcing rib when road, casting hot isostatic pressing and annealing.The forming of casting 2mm thin-wall construction is complete, fluorescence detection surface defect compared with
Few, the laser three-D testing result before casting annealing show, and scan model and theoretical model fitting are preferable, control errors ±
Within 0.5mm, meet following process requirement.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of casting method of the weak rigid titanium alloy casting of large thin-wall, which is characterized in that the casting method includes as follows
Step:
S1, graphite mould design: it is directly poured according to rising pouring and/or the running gate system of side note open by design titanium alloy casting, setting 1
Road and Duo Gen ingate；Pouring position selects the thin-wall regions in casting, and according to casting height, multilayer ingate, layout is arranged
In casting outer profile；Multiple ventholes are arranged in casting upper end, are conducive to casting and are vented；According to the structure of the open position of casting, setting
The thickness of reinforcing rib, reinforcing rib is equal with casting section thickness；According to the dimensional tolerance and structure of casting, the shrinking percentage that casting is arranged is
0.5%~0.8%, the molding allowance of 0.5~1mm is arranged in non-processing face, and casting all surface increases by the brushing of 0.5~1mm
Doses；Using embedded positioning between graphite core and external mold；
S2, graphite mould coating, specifically include:
Before S2.1, graphite mould assembling, laser three-dimensional scanning is carried out to every block of graphite, surface contour error controls within ± 0.2mm；
S2.2, it graphite block is placed in vacuum degassing furnace carries out vacuum degassing；
S2.3, the Y for being continuously added to 200~400 mesh in a binder2O3Wetting agent and defoaming agent is added in powder while stirring, prepares
The coating for being 30~35s at flow cup viscosity；
S2.4, the inner surface of external mold, tundish and ingate contact titanium liquid is cleared up with air hose and sand paper, with the step
The coating that S2.3 is prepared brushes the surface after cleaning, brushes 5~10 times, spontaneously dries；
S2.5, the graphite block for having brushed coating is placed in secondary degasification in vacuum degassing furnace；
S2.6, after graphite block is cooled to room temperature, polished with sand paper coating, and remove the dust particles that fall；It will be clear
It is to be cast that the graphite block that reason finishes is assembled into graphite mould etc.；
S3, casting post-processing: after graphite mould is poured, being cooled to 100 DEG C or less and begin a clean up graphite mould, carries out heat to casting
Equal static pressure and annealing.
2. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, the sprue is diameter phi
The cylinder of 60~φ 110mm；The ingate is the cylinder of 60~φ of diameter phi 80mm.
3. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, casting upper end setting 10~30
A 3~φ of diameter phi 5mm venthole.
4. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, tundish is designed to square-outside and round-inside
Structure, open ended amount of metal account for the 50%~100% of poured weights.
5. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, the reinforcing rib be "-" type,
T-type, cross or rice font reinforcing rib.
6. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2.2, outgassing temperature is 910 ± 20
DEG C, vacuum degree≤2Pa, 2~4h of soaking time, furnace cooling comes out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
7. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2.3, in two Zirconium acetate agglutinate agent
In be continuously added to the Y of 200~400 mesh2O3Wetting agent and defoaming is added in 2.6:1~3.4:1 in powder, the control of powder liquor ratio while stirring
Agent is configured to the coating that flow cup viscosity is 30~35s；Wherein, the wetting agent is JFC, EA or OP-1, and additional amount is binder
The 0.1~0.3% of mass fraction；The defoaming agent is n-octyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol or isopropanol, and additional amount is binder content
0.05~0.1%.
8. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2.4, the 1st time drying time 12~
20h, 2~10 times 4~6h of drying time.
9. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2.5, outgassing temperature is 910 ± 20
DEG C, vacuum degree≤2Pa, 2~4h of soaking time, furnace cooling comes out of the stove to 200 DEG C or less.
10. casting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3, in graphite mould scale removal process
Cutting ingate in time；Retain reinforcing rib when carrying out hot isostatic pressing and annealing to casting, when reinforcing rib influences X-ray check, first
Cut-off parts reinforcing rib, segmentation detection, reinforcing rib of burn-oning again after the completion of detection；Laser three-D inspection is first carried out before casting annealing
It surveys, if that there are partial walls is thin for casting, anneals again after repair welding.
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| WO2021147505A1 (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-07-29 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | 3d printing-based casting method and system suitable for integrated multi-way valve |
| CN113560497A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-29 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Low-cost high-efficiency manufacturing method of thin-wall titanium alloy casting |
| CN113996756A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy based on graphite sand casting mold and product |
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| US11858031B2 (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2024-01-02 | Jiangsu Xcmg Construction Machinery Research Institute Ltd. | Method and system of casting integral multi-way valve based on 3D printing |
| CN113560497A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-29 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Low-cost high-efficiency manufacturing method of thin-wall titanium alloy casting |
| CN113560497B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2023-02-24 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Low-cost high-efficiency manufacturing method of thin-wall titanium alloy casting |
| CN113996756A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy based on graphite sand casting mold and product |
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Application publication date: 20191119 |