CN110455138A - A kind of slotting structure and Blasting Control method - Google Patents
A kind of slotting structure and Blasting Control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110455138A CN110455138A CN201910731546.7A CN201910731546A CN110455138A CN 110455138 A CN110455138 A CN 110455138A CN 201910731546 A CN201910731546 A CN 201910731546A CN 110455138 A CN110455138 A CN 110455138A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering fields, disclose a kind of slotting structure, are all set in the same vertical level of face including big keyhole, small keyhole.Big keyhole includes the first keyhole and the second keyhole, and the center line of the center line of the first keyhole and the second keyhole is distributed in two stringcourses of the first isosceles trapezoid, and is arranged in 60 ° of angles.Small keyhole includes third keyhole and the 4th keyhole, and the center line of the center line of third keyhole and the 4th keyhole is distributed in two articles of stringcourses of the second isosceles trapezoid, and in 60 ° of angles settings.The stringcourse length of first isosceles trapezoid is greater than the stringcourse length of the second isosceles trapezoid, keyhole and small keyhole are interior greatly is equipped with multiple explosive set-points to carry out orderly explosion, it realizes that the explosion of slotting area does not generate the effect of excessive vibrations by the mutual cooperation of big keyhole and small keyhole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering fields, in particular to a kind of slotting structure and Blasting Control method.
Background technique
Using the tunnel of drill bursting construction, when constructing close to buildings or structures, to avoid or reducing concussion of blasting to both
There are buildings or structures to destroy or influence, often by the way of weak blast, but showing by status both at home and abroad investigation and analysis will
Controlling apart from excavation face less than the Blasting Vibration Velocity of 15m is very difficult within 1cm/s, especially ground consisting of hard rock.When
When being unable to satisfy control vibration standard, often it can only just be excavated using non-blasting procedure, such as hydraulic hammer, static crushing, CO2 explosion
The measures such as technology, single boom roadheader.But although non-blasting procedure excavates and reduces influence to existing buildings or structures, construct into
Spend relatively slow, higher cost.
According to investigation and statistics, tunnel drilling and blasting excavates maximum vibration and tends to occur at Cut Blasting.This is because tunnel bores
Digging pop firstly the need of free face is created on face, is known as slotting in this process, and existing blasting technique need to be enough
Explosive charge detonates simultaneously could create the effect of good free face (effect of free face directly affects excavation progress and quality), and
After the appearance of slotting free face, detonating charge amount then can basis simultaneously for subsequent expansion slot explosion, sinking and blasting, photoface exploision etc.
Control vibration is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of slotting structure, passes through the mutual of big keyhole and small keyhole
Cooperation realizes that the explosion of slotting area does not generate the effect of excessive vibrations.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Blasting Control method, divide equally explosive and in each keyhole between
Every setting, orderly explosion is carried out, reduces in the case where ensureing slotting free face effect and is shaken caused by Cut Blasting.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of slotting structure is all set in the same vertical level of face including big keyhole, small keyhole.Greatly
Keyhole includes the first keyhole and the second keyhole, and the center line of the center line of the first keyhole and the second keyhole is in first
Two stringcourses of isosceles trapezoid are distributed, and in 60 ° of angle settings.Small keyhole includes third keyhole and the 4th keyhole, and
The center line of the center line of three keyholes and the 4th keyhole is distributed in two articles of stringcourses of the second isosceles trapezoid, and is in 60 ° of angles
Setting.The stringcourse length of first isosceles trapezoid is greater than the stringcourse length of the second isosceles trapezoid, the bottom of the first isosceles trapezoid, second
The bottom of isosceles trapezoid is all set in face, the symmetrical overlapping of axles of the symmetry axis of the first isosceles trapezoid and the second isosceles trapezoid.
Keyhole and small keyhole are interior greatly is equipped with multiple explosive set-points to carry out orderly explosion.
Inventors have found that using the tunnel of drill bursting construction, it is quick-fried to avoid or reducing when constructing close to buildings or structures
Broken vibration is destroyed or is influenced on existing buildings or structures, often by the way of weak blast, but passes through status both at home and abroad investigation point
Analysis show to control apart from excavation face less than the Blasting Vibration Velocity of 15m within 1cm/s be it is very difficult, especially
Ground consisting of hard rock.And the problem of relatively slow construction speed, higher cost can be brought using non-blasting procedure.According to investigation and statistics, tunnel
The vibration of drill-blast tunnelling maximum tends to occur at Cut Blasting.Enough explosive charges are needed in existing blasting technique while ability of detonating
The effect of good free face is created, and after the appearance of slotting free face, subsequent expansion slot explosion, sinking and blasting, photoface exploision etc.
Detonating charge amount can then be reduced according to control vibration simultaneously.
Inventors have found that if vibration caused by Cut Blasting can be reduced, just under the premise of ensureing slotting free face effect
It can control vibration caused by entire tunnel cross-section Excavation blasting.In tunnel drilling and blasting design, the horizontal V-cut of traditional " V " type
Between 30 ° -70 °, value range is mainly determined according to factors such as the soft or hard degree of country rock, explosion cyclic advances variable angle,
It is empirical strong.Random larger when field conduct, angle control is difficult, and cyclic advance is not sufficiently stable, to ensure slotting effect
Fruit, often explosive payload is big.
Therefore inventor has invented a kind of slotting structure, the mutual cooperation of big keyhole and small keyhole, 60 ° of angle settings
When slotting effect it is most ideal, explosive consumption can be reduced.Multiple explosive set-points are set in big keyhole and small keyhole are equal, are carried out
Orderly explosion comes the equipartition of energy of explosive charge so as to dislocation between through hole, then by reducing with section blasting cap initiation
Battering charge to realize effective control to the peak-peak of detonation shock, reach the explosion of slotting area and do not generate excessive vibrations
Purpose.
Further, big keyhole is provided with explosive set-point, the height of the first isosceles trapezoid far from one end of face
For W, the height of the second isosceles trapezoid is W1, W value 0.5-1.5m；
As 1.2≤W≤1.5, W1=0.6W；
As 0.8 < W < 1.2m, W1=0.5W.
Further, as 0.5≤W≤0.8m, cancel and small keyhole is set.
Further, the length at the upper bottom of the first isosceles trapezoid is d, d value 0.9-1.1m.
Further, be provided in the vertical level of multiple successively spacing distance h of face big keyhole with it is small
Keyhole, wherein the two of spaced furthest vertical level apart from value in 1.2-2.4m；
When country rock is belonging respectively to II grade, III grade, IV grade, V grade, corresponding h distinguishes value 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm.
Further, the quantity equipped with big keyhole and the vertical level of small keyhole is maintained at 3 to 5, when enclosing
Not more than 5 when rock belongs to hard rock, 3 are not less than when country rock belongs to soft rock.
Further, the vertical level equipped with big keyhole and small keyhole nearest apart from tunnel floor, from tunnel
The distance controlling of bottom plate is in 50-70cm.
A kind of Blasting Control method calculates keyhole explosive total amount by empirical method including above-mentioned slotting structure, will
Explosive total amount is divided into several equal parts, is respectively arranged at explosive set-point, and every equal part explosive is configured as shot rock volume base
This is quite.In the successively spacing distance L of multiple explosive set-points in same keyhole0Setting is inside set to the fried of the first keyhole
About symmetrical axial symmetry, the interior explosive set on third keyhole is set to the 4th and draws with interior for medicine and the interior explosive for being set to the second keyhole
The explosive of slot is about symmetrical axial symmetry.All explosive set-points are equipped with non-electric shock conducting tube detonator, carry out orderly explosion
To form stress wave superimposition, shock wave is mutually indepedent.
Further, big keyhole carries out multiple-row blasting, and stemming length close to one end of face with small keyhole
Less than L0。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) big keyhole and respective two keyholes of small keyhole are arranged along center line in 60 ° of angles, and slotting effect is most
Ideal can reduce explosive consumption；
(2) multiple explosive set-points are set in, the equipartition of energy of explosive charge can be come by misplacing between through hole, and cooperation subtracts
Few battering charge with section blasting cap initiation realizes that the explosion of slotting area does not generate the effect of excessive vibrations.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the floor map of slotting structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the elevational schematic view of slotting structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the side schematic view of slotting structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the W value schematic diagram of slotting structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the distribution schematic diagram of explosive set-point provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10- slotting structure, the big keyhole of 100-, the first keyhole of 110-, the second keyhole of 120-, 130- first
Isosceles trapezoid, 131- symmetry axis, the small keyhole of 200-, 210- third keyhole, the 4th keyhole of 220-, 230- the second isosceles ladder
Shape, 300- explosive set-point, 20- face, 30- Blasting Control method.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented
The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or be somebody's turn to do
Invention product using when the orientation or positional relationship usually put, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, without
It is that the device of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore not
It can be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, are not understood to indicate or imply relatively heavy
The property wanted.
Term " parallel ", " vertical " etc. are not offered as requiring component absolute parallel or vertical, but can be slightly tilted.Such as
" parallel " only refers to that its direction is more parallel with respect to for " vertical ", is not that the expression structure has to be substantially parallel, and
It is that can be slightly tilted.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " setting ",
" installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection or one
Connect to body；It can be directly connected, the connection inside two elements can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary.
For the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is please referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of slotting structures 10, including big keyhole 100 and small keyhole
200 are all set in the same vertical level of face.Wherein, vertical level refers in the vertical plane of face
The plane of horizontal direction.
Big keyhole 100 and the setting of small keyhole 200 are specific as follows: big keyhole 100 including the first keyhole 110 and
The center line of second keyhole 120, the center line of the first keyhole 110 and the second keyhole 120 is in the first isosceles trapezoid 130
Two stringcourse distributions, and in 60 ° of angle settings.Small keyhole 200 includes third keyhole 210 and the 4th keyhole 220, third
The center line of the center line of keyhole 210 and the 4th keyhole 220 is distributed in two articles of stringcourses of the second isosceles trapezoid 230, and is in
60 ° of angle settings.The stringcourse length of first isosceles trapezoid 130 is greater than the stringcourse length of the second isosceles trapezoid 230, the first isosceles ladder
The bottom of shape 130, the second isosceles trapezoid 230 bottom be all set in face 20, be equivalent to big keyhole 100 and small keyhole
200 protrude into rock to be blasted from 20 upper opening of face, the symmetry axis 131 and the second isosceles of the first isosceles trapezoid 130
Trapezoidal 230 symmetry axis 131 is overlapped.
Above-mentioned first isosceles trapezoid 130 and the second isosceles trapezoid 230 are the figures in isosceles-trapezium-shaped.First slotting
Hole 110 extends distribution along the center line of the first keyhole 110, and the second keyhole 120 extends along the center line of the second keyhole 120
Distribution.
Face 20, i.e., the working face constantly pushed ahead in Tunnel Engineering.Slotting, also known as snubber are to apply to tunnel
Road driving, eyelet are arranged in the relatively low position in 20 center of face, which detonates at first, to come out center rock throwing, is
Country rock increases free face, reaches best demolition effect.
Inventors have found that in architecture construction by the way of weak blast, it is smaller to need to control vibration limits, according to tune
It grinds and counts, tunnel drilling and blasting excavates maximum vibration and tends to occur at Cut Blasting, and existing blasting technique needs enough explosive charges same
When detonation could create the effect of good free face, after slotting free face occurs, subsequent expansion slot explosion, sinking and blasting, light
Detonating charge amount can then be reduced according to control vibration simultaneously for face explosion etc..Therefore, vibration peak when Cut Blasting
Value determines the shock conditions of this explosion entirety.
Big keyhole 100 is arranged along center line in 60 ° of angles with 200 respective two keyholes of small keyhole, draws at this time
Slot effect is most ideal, can reduce explosive consumption, and then vibration peak value when reduction Cut Blasting.
Big keyhole 100 is interior equipped with multiple explosive set-points 300 with small keyhole 200, and explosive set-point 300 is for putting
Explosive is set, to carry out orderly explosion.Keyhole explosive total amount will be calculated by empirical method, be dispersed into multiple portions and be respectively separated
It is placed in multiple explosive set-points 300.Dislocation can come the equipartition of energy of explosive charge between through hole, and cooperation reduces same section
The battering charge of blasting cap initiation realizes that the explosion of slotting area does not generate the effect of excessive vibrations.
Further, Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, burden W means the maximum normal distance at keyhole bottom to face 20,
That is, cut depth.The burden the big, and then cyclic advance is bigger, and explosive consumption is more, and concussion of blasting is bigger；Burden is smaller
Then, cyclic advance is smaller, and explosive consumption is few, and concussion of blasting is smaller.The height of first isosceles trapezoid 130 is W, in big keyhole
100 one end far from face 20 are provided with explosive set-point 300, i.e., one end in the first keyhole 110 far from face 20,
In the case that second keyhole 120 is provided with explosive set-point 300 far from one end of face 20, W is the size of burden.
The height of second isosceles trapezoid 230 is W1, i.e., the small one end of keyhole 200 far from face 20 is apart from face W1。
In shake control area, tunnel cyclic advance is generally in 0.5-1.5m, and when more than 1.5m, shake control is almost difficult
To realize, but effect is low, cost is big, no practical meaning in engineering when being lower than 0.5m.Therefore in the case where W value 0.5-1.5m,
It is arranged by two layers of keyhole, is divided into small keyhole 200, big keyhole 100, burden W is decomposed into W1、W-W1, and in proportion
It decomposes, i.e. difference burden, by the way that W is arranged1With the scale of W, substantially and effectively shock dropping effect may be implemented.
And propose following difference ratio, and effective shock dropping effect can be obtained, it is specific as follows, as 1.2≤W≤1.5, W1
=0.6W；As 0.8 < W < 1.2m, W1=0.5W.
And as 0.5≤W≤0.8m, the size of burden can be each in big keyhole 100 and small keyhole 200 at this time
From two keyholes along center line in the setting of 60 ° of angles and it is interior set multiple gunpowder set-points in the case of, vibration peak value is full
Sufficient standard can cancel opening up for small keyhole 200, and only multiple gunpowder set-points in big keyhole 100 are spaced apart fire
Medicine.
Under above-mentioned basis, design below can also be proposed, slotting shock conditions are well controllled, comprising:
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the length at the upper bottom of the first isosceles trapezoid 130 is d, d value 0.9-1.1m.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, it is provided in the vertical level of multiple successively spacing distance h of face 20 big
Keyhole 100 and small keyhole 200, wherein the two of spaced furthest vertical level apart from value in 1.2-2.4m.Country rock
When being belonging respectively to II grade, III grade, IV grade, V grade, corresponding h distinguishes value 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm.
3 to 5 are maintained at equipped with big keyhole 100 and the quantity of the vertical level of small keyhole 200, when country rock category
Not more than 5 when hard rock, 3 are not less than when country rock belongs to soft rock.
The vertical level that is equipped with big keyhole 100 and small keyhole 200 nearest apart from tunnel floor, from tunnel floor
Distance controlling in 50-70cm, more, when the country rock of surrounding belongs to the scope of hard rock, with a distance from tunnel floor be biased to
In 50cm；When the country rock of surrounding belongs to the scope of soft rock, it is partial to 70cm with a distance from tunnel floor.Tunnel floor herein
The tunnel floor for referring to excavation face is equivalent to excavation face bottom edge.
Above-mentioned hard rock refers to saturation uniaxial compressive strength in the rock of 60MPA or more, and above-mentioned soft rock refers to satisfying
With uniaxial compressive strength in 30MPA rock below.
More, the slotting region that all big keyholes 100 and small keyhole 200 are collectively formed, on setting principle
It is arranged in more on the lower side in face 20.
In conclusion the present invention has the mutual cooperation by big keyhole 100 and small keyhole 200, then pass through reduction
Effective control to the peak-peak of detonation shock is realized with the battering charge of section blasting cap initiation, realizes the explosion of slotting area not
Generate the effect of excessive vibrations.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is please referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of Blasting Control method 30, uses the slotting knot in embodiment 1
Structure 10 calculates keyhole explosive total amount by empirical method, and explosive total amount is divided into several equal parts, is respectively arranged at fried
Medicine set-point 300.
It is substantially suitable that every equal part explosive is configured as shot rock volume.In multiple explosive set-points in same keyhole
300 successively spacing distance L0Setting, the explosive and the interior explosive for being set to the second keyhole 120 for being inside set to the first keyhole 110 close
Symmetrical in symmetry axis 131, the interior explosive set on third keyhole 210 is with the interior explosive for being set to the 4th keyhole 220 about symmetrical
Axis 131 is symmetrical.The explosive that several equal parts so may be implemented is spaced setting in each keyhole, and guarantees to misplace between hole and set
It sets.All explosive set-points 300 are equipped with non-electric shock conducting tube detonator, carry out orderly explosion and are shaken with forming stress wave superimposition
Dynamic wave is mutually indepedent.
Nonel tube is to assemble detonator respectively at the both ends of a detonator.Both ends are respectively connected to two knots as required
Point, as long as detonation any end, detonation wave ignites detonator for other end cap sensitive through anti-pass after initiation ends blasting cap detonation.In
Non-electric shock conducting tube detonator is placed at all explosive set-points 300, can support to carry out orderly explosion to form stress wave superimposition
And shock wave is mutually indepedent.Wherein, stress wave superimposition is conducive to improve drilling depth, fractured rock.Shock wave is favorably controlled independently of each other
System vibration.
Further, big keyhole 100 carries out multiple-row blasting close to one end of face 20 with small keyhole 200, and
Stemming length is less than L0.Multiple-row blasting is carried out to improve demolition effect.Stemming length is less than L0Be conducive to ensureing slotting free face
Vibration caused by Cut Blasting is reduced under effect.
More, the successively spacing distance L of explosive set-point 300 can be set0Less than the first isosceles trapezoid 130 upper bottom with
The distance between the upper bottom of second isosceles trapezoid 230.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of slotting structure, it is characterised in that: be all set in the same vertical water of face including big keyhole, small keyhole
In plane；
The big keyhole includes the first keyhole and the second keyhole, and the center line of first keyhole is drawn with described second
The center line of slot is distributed in two stringcourses of the first isosceles trapezoid, and in 60 ° of angle settings；
The small keyhole includes third keyhole and the 4th keyhole, and the center line of the third keyhole is drawn with the described 4th
The center line of slot is distributed in two stringcourses of the second isosceles trapezoid, and in 60 ° of angle settings；
The stringcourse length of first isosceles trapezoid is greater than the stringcourse length of second isosceles trapezoid, first isosceles trapezoid
Bottom, second isosceles trapezoid bottom be all set in the face, the symmetry axis of first isosceles trapezoid and
The symmetrical overlapping of axles of two isosceles trapezoids；
The big keyhole and the small keyhole in be equipped with multiple explosive set-points to carry out orderly explosion.
2. slotting structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The big keyhole is equipped with the explosive set-point, the height of first isosceles trapezoid far from one end of the face
For W, the height of second isosceles trapezoid is W1, W value 0.5-1.5m；
As 1.2≤W≤1.5m, W1=0.6W；
As 0.8 < W < 1.2m, W1=0.5W.
3. slotting structure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
As 0.5≤W≤0.8m, cancels and the small keyhole is set.
4. slotting structure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The length at the upper bottom of first isosceles trapezoid is d, d value 0.9-1.1m.
5. slotting structure described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The big keyhole is provided in the vertical level of multiple successively spacing distance h of the face small to draw with described
Slot, wherein the two of spaced furthest vertical level apart from value in 1.2-2.4m；
When country rock is belonging respectively to II grade, III grade, IV grade, V grade, corresponding h distinguishes value 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm.
6. slotting structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
Quantity equipped with the big keyhole and the vertical level of the small keyhole is maintained at 3 to 5, when country rock belongs to
Not more than 5 when hard rock, 3 are not less than when country rock belongs to soft rock.
7. slotting structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
The vertical level equipped with the big keyhole and the small keyhole nearest apart from tunnel floor, from tunnel floor
Distance controlling is in 50-70cm.
8. a kind of Blasting Control method, including slotting structure described in any one of the claims 1-7, it is characterised in that:
Keyhole explosive total amount is calculated by empirical method, explosive total amount is divided into several equal parts, is respectively arranged at described fried
Medicine set-point, it is substantially suitable that every equal part explosive is configured as shot rock volume；
In the successively spacing distance L of multiple explosive set-points in same keyhole0Setting, it is interior to be set to first keyhole
Explosive and the interior explosive set on second keyhole about the symmetrical axial symmetry, interior frying set on the third keyhole
Medicine and the interior explosive set on the 4th keyhole are about the symmetrical axial symmetry；
All explosive set-points are equipped with non-electric shock conducting tube detonator, carry out orderly explosion to form stress wave superimposition and
Shock wave is mutually indepedent.
9. Blasting Control method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The big keyhole carries out multiple-row blasting close to one end of the face with the small keyhole, and stemming length is small
In L0。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910731546.7A CN110455138A (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | A kind of slotting structure and Blasting Control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910731546.7A CN110455138A (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | A kind of slotting structure and Blasting Control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114322685A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly and accurately determining inclined blast hole drilling angle in tunnel blasting |
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