CN110454218B - Accurate quantitative control method for gangue filling under condition of mine pressure rule - Google Patents
Accurate quantitative control method for gangue filling under condition of mine pressure rule Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009025 developmental regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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Abstract
The invention provides a gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to a mine pressure rule, which combines a rock stratum migration and pressure display space-time evolution rule under the coupling action of a filling layer-coal bed-overlying rock stratum combined structure, a gangue-cementing agent cementation activation action mechanism and a time-varying characteristic of mechanical bearing performance of a filling material, and is applied to goaf filling and gob-side entry retaining roadway side supporting, so that the phenomenon of material waste caused by excessive dependence on mine experience and blind filling is reduced, the filling efficiency is improved, and a coal mine enterprise can obtain the maximum production benefit with the minimum industrial cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine waste filling, and particularly relates to a waste filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to a mine pressure rule.
Background
The waste filling technology becomes a main modern coal mine green mining technology, solid waste such as waste rock and the like in the coal mine production process is utilized for underground goaf backfilling, remarkable economic and social benefits are obtained, and the method plays an important role in improving the production living environment of a mining area, solving the problem of coal pressing under three conditions, reducing coal resource loss and the like, and has wide application prospects. For the research and application of the waste filling technology and process, a plurality of expert scholars and coal mine enterprises in China make a lot of efforts, and abundant achievements and experiences are obtained. For example, many expert scholars analyze macroscopic compaction mechanical properties and compaction deformation mesomechanics behaviors of the waste filling material, study migration rules and control theories of surrounding rocks and overlying strata of a filling stope, carry out cementation tests on mixed materials of filling waste rocks and auxiliary materials and optimize proportioning, even research and develop and improve production equipment suitable for actual field filling conditions by many enterprises, promote coal enterprises to actively apply waste filling process flows to production practices, and obtain good production benefits and rich technical experiences. Although the gangue filling technology is mature day by day, and the research and application of the gangue filling technology, no matter the selection and preparation of filling materials or the mine pressure control theory of a filling stope, obtain rich theoretical results and application experience, the combined research on the aspects of showing a space-time evolution rule on mine pressure and the cementing activation mechanism and the mechanical property of the filling materials is deficient at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to combine the rock stratum migration and pressure development spatial-temporal evolution rule under the coupling action of a filling layer-coal bed-overlying rock stratum combined structure, a gangue-cementing agent cementing activation action mechanism and a filling material mechanical bearing performance time-varying characteristic, the invention provides a gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to the ore pressure rule, and the gangue filling accurate quantitative control method is applied to goaf filling and gob-side entry retaining roadside support, so that the phenomenon of material waste caused by excessive dependence on experience and blind filling of a mine is reduced, the filling efficiency is improved, and a coal mine enterprise can obtain the maximum production benefit with the minimum industrial cost, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a method for accurately and quantitatively controlling gangue filling under the condition of a mine pressure rule,
(1) establishing a model for a working face excavation filling entry retaining process, arranging a plurality of stress monitoring points on one side of a top plate above a working face goaf filling body and a roadside support body, and monitoring the pressure of the top plate through the plurality of stress monitoring points;
(2) extracting stress monitoring point data, drawing in a model, analyzing a mine pressure showing rule from a working face to a rear filling area, finding a position and a distance where a mine pressure peak value of an overburden rock from the working face to the rear filling area appears, calculating the time when the mine pressure peak value appears according to the advancing length of the working face every day, and taking the time as the time when the strength of a filling material reaches the mine pressure peak value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein T represents the time for the filling material to reach a specified strength, d; l is the distance from the position where the mine pressure peak value appears to the working face, m; m represents the distance of the working surface advancing per day, M/d;
(3) matching waste rocks with the particle size of less than 50mm by applying a fullerene theory and a Tabo theory according to the actual situation of filling the waste rocks in the coal mine, and selecting the waste rock particle size combination with the minimum compression rate as a waste rock filling optimal-level waste rock matching test group; the passing rate calculation formula of the particle sizes of all levels of the gangue is as follows:
in the formula:kthe passing rate of the particle sizes of all levels of the gangue is percent; d is the grain diameter of each grade of gangue, mm; d is the maximum particle size of the gangue, mm; n is a test index, and is 0.3-0.7;
(4) after the optimal grading of gangue filling is obtained, adding and mixing cement, fly ash, loess and additives in different proportions into a gangue test group under the optimal grading, and manufacturing a plurality of cylindrical test pieces under the conditions of different water-cement ratios; compressing the cylindrical die with 2MPa pressure after filling the filling material to obtain a research test piece close to the actual field; then the test piece is placed for a plurality of days under the maintenance condition of simulated mine temperature and humidity respectively, the test piece is demolded after a plurality of days and a uniaxial compression test is carried out, the compressive strength and the bearing performance of each test piece are calculated, and the calculation formula of the uniaxial compressive strength of the test piece is as follows:
in the formula:
uniaxial compressive strength, MPa; p is the maximum axial pressure when the test piece is damaged, N; a is the cross-sectional area of the specimen perpendicular to the loading direction, mm2；
(5) The compressive strength data of each test piece is obtained and then analyzed, the test piece with the compressive strength larger than the mine pressure peak value is taken as a target test piece, the proportioning of ingredients and the water-cement ratio data of the target test piece are analyzed, the most economical and reasonable proportion of filling materials is obtained through cost calculation and comparison, and the most economical and reasonable proportion of the filling materials is taken as a practical basis for target mine goaf gangue filling and gob-side entry retaining roadway support engineering on the basis; applying the result of theoretical research to the practice of target working face filling and entry retaining engineering, in order to reduce the mining cost, performing gangue filling in a goaf by adopting a conventional filling mode, and performing gangue filling on one side of a roadway needing entry retaining by adopting the filling material ratio which is obtained by the research and is suitable for the ore pressure development regulation; and the filling distance is the length from the working face to the rear roof sinking stable position, then the sinking condition of the roadway roof and the stable state of the filling body are observed for a long time, the observation result and the research result are compared and analyzed, and the steps are repeated timely to obtain a better gangue filling scheme.
Furthermore, in the process of establishing the model for the excavation, filling and entry retaining of the working face, the model for the excavation, filling and entry retaining of the working face is established by using FLAC-3D numerical simulation software.
Furthermore, two adjacent stress monitoring points which are respectively arranged on one side of a top plate above the working face goaf filling body and the roadside support body are spaced at the same distance.
Furthermore, the monitoring distance of a plurality of stress monitoring points arranged on one side of the top plate above the working face goaf filling body and the roadside support body is the length from the working face to the sinking stable position of the top plate behind the working face.
Furthermore, the gangue with the grain size of less than 40mm is proportioned.
Furthermore, the water-cement ratio is between 0.5 and 2.
And (3) correspondingly recording the test pieces with different mixture ratios and water-cement ratios and the compressive strengths of the test pieces, and recording the record, constructing a gangue filling material ratio-strength model under different rock stratum settlement control requirements and precision conditions, and providing reference for projects such as other mine gangue filling and gob-side entry retaining roadside support and the like based on the model.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to a mine pressure rule, which combines a rock stratum migration and pressure display space-time evolution rule under the coupling action of a filling layer-coal bed-overlying rock stratum combined structure, a gangue-cementing agent cementation activation action mechanism and a time-varying characteristic of mechanical bearing performance of a filling material, and is applied to goaf filling and gob-side entry retaining roadway side supporting, so that the phenomenon of material waste caused by excessive dependence on mine experience and blind filling is reduced, the filling efficiency is improved, and a coal mine enterprise can obtain the maximum production benefit with the minimum industrial cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of stress monitoring points of the gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of the ore pressure rule;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distance between a mine pressure peak point and a working face of the gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to the mine pressure rule;
in the figure, 1, a coal seam; 2. stress monitoring points; 3. a roadside support; 4. a gob filler; 5. a roadway; 6. a working surface; 7. a peak mine pressure point; 8. the distance from the working surface to the mine pressure peak point of the filling area.
Detailed Description
In order to combine the rock stratum migration and pressure development spatial-temporal evolution rule under the coupling action of a filling layer-coal bed-overlying rock stratum combined structure, a gangue-cementing agent cementing activation action mechanism and the mechanical bearing performance time-varying characteristic of a filling material, the invention provides a gangue filling accurate quantitative control method under the condition of adapting to the ore pressure rule, and the gangue filling accurate quantitative control method is applied to goaf filling and gob-side entry retaining roadside support, so that the phenomenon of material waste caused by excessive dependence on experience and blind filling of a mine is reduced, the filling efficiency is improved, and a coal mine enterprise can obtain the maximum production benefit with the minimum industrial cost. As shown in fig. 1-2, the specific scheme is as follows:
(1) the method comprises the steps of establishing a model for the processes of excavating, filling and retaining a roadway and the like on a working face by using FLAC-3D numerical simulation software, arranging a stress monitoring point on the top plate side above a goaf filling body and a roadside support body on the working face at a certain distance, and arranging a plurality of measuring points along the goaf direction behind the working face to monitor the pressure of the top plate, wherein the monitoring distance is generally the length from the working face to the sinking stable position of the rear top plate. A schematic view of the monitoring point arrangement is shown in fig. 1 below.
(2) And extracting and drawing the measuring point data in the numerical model, analyzing and researching the mine pressure display rule from the working face to the rear filling area, and finding out the position and the distance of the mine pressure peak value of the overburden from the working face to the rear filling area, as shown in figure 2. Then, calculating the time of the mine pressure peak value according to the daily advancing length of the working face, and taking the time as the time when the strength of the filling material reaches the mine pressure peak value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein T represents the time for the filling material to reach a specified strength, d; l is the distance from the mine pressure peak to the working face, m; m represents the distance, M/d, that the work surface advances per day.
(3) And (3) matching the gangue with the particle size of less than 50mm or 40mm by applying a fullerene theory and a Tabo theory according to the actual situation of gangue filling in the coal mine, and selecting the gangue particle size with the minimum compression rate to combine into a gangue filling optimal grading gangue test group. Among them, the theory of fullerene is that: the closer the particle grading curve is to a parabola, the greater its density and the smaller its porosity. The Thai wave is corrected on the basis of the Fuller formula, and the Thai wave formula is provided:
in the formula:kthe passing rate of the particle sizes of all levels of the gangue is percent; d is the grain diameter of each grade of gangue, mm; d is the maximum particle size of the gangue, mm; n is a test index, and is generally 0.3-0.7.
(4) After the optimal grading of gangue filling is obtained, cement, fly ash, loess, some additives and the like in different proportions are added and mixed into a gangue test group under the optimal grading, and a plurality of cylindrical test pieces are manufactured under the condition of different water-cement ratios (generally between 0.5 and 2). In the underground waste rock filling process, the tamping mechanism on the filling support utilizes the pushing and tamping plate with the maximum tamping force of 2MPa to carry out multiple pushing and tamping operations on the filled waste rock, so that the compactness and the filling rate of the filled waste rock are increased. It is necessary to compress with a pressure of 2MPa after the filling material fills the cylindrical mold, thereby obtaining a study specimen close to the actual site. And then placing the test piece under the maintenance conditions of simulated mine temperature and humidity for T days, removing the mold of the test piece after the T days, carrying out a uniaxial compression test, and researching the compressive strength and the bearing performance of each test piece. The uniaxial compressive strength calculation formula of the test piece is as follows:
in the formula:
uniaxial compressive strength, MPa; p is the maximum axial pressure when the test piece is damaged, N; a is the cross-sectional area of the test piece perpendicular to the loading direction, mm 2.
(5) And analyzing after obtaining the compressive strength data of each test piece, regarding the test piece with the compressive strength greater than the mine pressure peak value as a target test piece, analyzing the data of the target test piece such as the proportioning of ingredients, the water-cement ratio and the like, obtaining the most economical and reasonable proportion of filling materials through cost calculation and comparison, and taking the most economical and reasonable proportion as the practical basis of projects such as target mine goaf gangue filling, gob-side entry retaining roadway support and the like. And applying the result of theoretical research to the practice of target working face filling and entry retaining engineering, wherein in order to reduce the mining cost, the goaf is filled with waste rocks in a conventional filling mode, and one side of the roadway needing entry retaining is filled with the filling material ratio which is obtained by the research and is suitable for the ore pressure development regulation. And the filling distance is the length from the working face to the rear roof sinking stable position, then the sinking condition of the roadway roof and the stable state of the filling body are observed for a long time, the observed result is compared and analyzed with the research result, and the research content and the scheme are properly adjusted and optimized to obtain the optimal gangue filling scheme.
(6) And finally, the test pieces with different mixture ratios and water-cement ratios and the compressive strengths thereof are in one-to-one correspondence and recorded for record, a gangue filling material ratio-strength model under different rock stratum subsidence control requirements and precision conditions is constructed, and on the basis of the model, reference is provided for projects such as other mine gangue filling and gob-side entry retaining roadside support.
Claims (6)
1. The accurate quantitative control method for gangue filling under the condition of the ore pressure rule is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) establishing a model for a working face excavation filling entry retaining process, arranging a plurality of stress monitoring points on one side of a top plate above a working face goaf filling body and a roadside support body, and monitoring the pressure of the top plate through the plurality of stress monitoring points;
(2) extracting stress monitoring point data, drawing in a model, analyzing a mine pressure showing rule from a working face to a rear filling area, finding a position and a distance where a mine pressure peak value of an overburden rock from the working face to the rear filling area appears, calculating the time when the mine pressure peak value appears according to the advancing length of the working face every day, and taking the time as the time when the strength of a filling material reaches the mine pressure peak value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein T represents the time for the filling material to reach a specified strength, d; l is the distance from the position where the mine pressure peak value appears to the working face, m; m represents the distance of the working surface advancing per day, M/d;
(3) matching waste rocks with the particle size of less than 50mm by applying a fullerene theory and a Tabo theory according to the actual situation of filling the waste rocks in the coal mine, and selecting the waste rock particle size combination with the minimum compression rate as a waste rock filling optimal-level waste rock matching test group; the passing rate calculation formula of the particle sizes of all levels of the gangue is as follows:
in the formula:kthe passing rate of the particle sizes of all levels of the gangue is percent; d is gangueThe particle size of each grade of stone is mm; d is the maximum particle size of the gangue, mm; n is a test index, and is 0.3-0.7;
(4) after the optimal grading of gangue filling is obtained, adding and mixing cement, fly ash, loess and additives in different proportions into a gangue test group under the optimal grading, and manufacturing a plurality of cylindrical test pieces under the conditions of different water-cement ratios; compressing the cylindrical die with 2MPa pressure after filling the filling material to obtain a research test piece close to the actual field; then the test piece is placed for a plurality of days under the maintenance condition of simulated mine temperature and humidity respectively, the test piece is demolded after a plurality of days and a uniaxial compression test is carried out, the compressive strength and the bearing performance of each test piece are calculated, and the calculation formula of the uniaxial compressive strength of the test piece is as follows:
in the formula:
uniaxial compressive strength, MPa; p is the maximum axial pressure when the test piece is damaged, N; a is the cross-sectional area of the specimen perpendicular to the loading direction, mm2；
(5) The compressive strength data of each test piece is obtained and then analyzed, the test piece with the compressive strength larger than the mine pressure peak value is taken as a target test piece, the proportioning of ingredients and the water-cement ratio data of the target test piece are analyzed, the most economical and reasonable proportion of filling materials is obtained through cost calculation and comparison, and the most economical and reasonable proportion of the filling materials is taken as a practical basis for target mine goaf gangue filling and gob-side entry retaining roadway support engineering on the basis; applying the result of theoretical research to the practice of target working face filling and entry retaining engineering, in order to reduce the mining cost, performing gangue filling in a goaf by adopting a conventional filling mode, and performing gangue filling on one side of a roadway needing entry retaining by adopting the filling material ratio which is obtained by the research and is suitable for the ore pressure development regulation; and the filling distance is the length from the working face to the rear roof sinking stable position, then the sinking condition of the roadway roof and the stable state of the filling body are observed for a long time, the observation result and the research result are compared and analyzed, and the steps are repeated timely to obtain a better gangue filling scheme.
2. The method for accurately and quantitatively controlling the gangue filling under the condition of the mine pressure rule according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the process of establishing the model for the excavation, filling and entry retaining process of the working face, the FLAC-3D numerical simulation software is used for establishing the model for the excavation, filling and entry retaining process of the working face.
3. The method for accurately and quantitatively controlling the gangue filling under the condition of the mine pressure rule according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: two adjacent stress monitoring points which are respectively arranged on one side of a top plate above the working face goaf filling body and the roadside support body are spaced at the same distance.
4. The method for accurately and quantitatively controlling the gangue filling under the condition of the mine pressure rule according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the monitoring distance of a plurality of stress monitoring points arranged on one side of the top plate above the working face goaf filling body and the roadside support body is the length from the working face to the sinking stable position of the top plate behind the working face.
5. The method for accurately and quantitatively controlling the gangue filling under the condition of the mine pressure rule according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) proportioning the gangue with the particle size of less than 40 mm.
6. The method for accurately and quantitatively controlling the gangue filling under the condition of the mine pressure rule according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water-cement ratio is 0.5-2.
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| CN1936271A (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2007-03-28 | 山东盛泉矿业有限公司 | Method for filling coal-steam-free extraction working surface goaf by coal mine waste rock |
| CN101392659A (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2009-03-25 | 山东华恒矿业有限公司 | Method for directly utilizing downhole gangue |
| CN104876627A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-09-02 | 河北工程大学 | Method for preparing aerated concrete from gangue and iron tailings |
| CN108412542A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-17 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of wide lane digging gangue paste body filling of high seam is at lane method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1936271A (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2007-03-28 | 山东盛泉矿业有限公司 | Method for filling coal-steam-free extraction working surface goaf by coal mine waste rock |
| CN101392659A (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2009-03-25 | 山东华恒矿业有限公司 | Method for directly utilizing downhole gangue |
| CN104876627A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-09-02 | 河北工程大学 | Method for preparing aerated concrete from gangue and iron tailings |
| CN108412542A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-17 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of wide lane digging gangue paste body filling of high seam is at lane method |
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