CN110452004B - 一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110452004B
CN110452004B CN201910833790.4A CN201910833790A CN110452004B CN 110452004 B CN110452004 B CN 110452004B CN 201910833790 A CN201910833790 A CN 201910833790A CN 110452004 B CN110452004 B CN 110452004B
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袁林
王强
李泉侑
李炜
李祥
王旭圆
周海军
赵屹
宋瑞峰
孟凌霄
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法,由下述重量百分比的原料制成:电熔莫来石20‑‑40%,烧结莫来石10‑‑30%,刚玉10‑‑30%,SiC 5‑‑15%,Si3N4 5‑‑10%,硅线石族矿物10‑‑30%,α‑Al2O3 3‑‑10%,优质结合粘土3‑‑7%,复合抗氧剂1‑‑5%;上述配比中:电熔莫来石的粒度组成为:5~3mm占10‑30%,3‑‑1mm占0‑20%,1‑0mm占0‑‑20%和200目占10‑20%。刚玉的粒度组成为:5‑‑3mm占0‑20%,3~1mm占10‑30%;烧结莫来石的粒度组成为:1~0mm烧结莫来石10~20%和200目烧结莫来石0‑‑20%。SiC的粒度组成为:150目97#SiC 5~15%。本水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖解决了传统镁铝尖晶石砖和硅莫砖的问题,该水泥窑过渡带用耐火衬砖具有抗挂窑皮性能强,抗氧化能力好,体积密度小,导热系数低,能够显著延长水泥窑过渡带使用寿命和降低能源消耗。

Description

一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
水泥是国家基本建设重要的一种基础性材料,也是国民经济的一个支柱性行业。特别是近年来,水泥工业向大型化、原料能源多元化、节能减排高效化等趋势发展,致使水泥窑窑衬所用的耐火材料承受的热应力、机械应力和化学侵蚀大幅增加,严重影响了水泥窑的运转率和窑衬的使用寿命。
水泥回转窑过渡带是窑衬最易损坏的部位,该部位温度高,温度变化频繁,窑皮薄且不稳定,加之水泥熟料产能超产等因素,使衬体受到有害气体的侵蚀、应力作用和磨损加剧,窑皮的时挂时脱使得过渡带窑衬产生结构剥落的损坏更严重。
目前水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火材料主要是镁铝尖晶石砖和硅莫砖。这两种产品在使用时主要存在以下问题:一是抗氧化能力差,抗挂窑皮性能差;二是导热系数大,使窑筒体温度偏高,能耗大,容易造成筒体氧化、腐蚀变形和刚度下降,降低筒体使用寿命;三是衬体的体积密度高,窑体承重大,使窑体机械传动磨损和电耗增大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决目前产品使用存在的问题,提供一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖及其制备方法,该耐火衬砖具有高温强度高、抗碱硫侵蚀性好、热震稳定性优良、导热系数小和重量轻的特点。
本发明为解决上述技术问题,所提供的技术方案是:一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖,由下述重量百分比的原料制成:电熔莫来石20--40%,刚玉10--30%,烧结莫来石10--30%,SiC 5--15%,Si3N4 5--10%,硅线石族矿物10--30%,α-Al2O3 3--10%,优质粘土3--7%,复合抗氧化剂1--5%;
作为本发明进一步的方案:上述配比中:电熔莫来石的粒度组成为:5~3mm占10-30%,3--1mm占0-20%,1-0mm占0--20%和200目占10-20%。刚玉的粒度组成为:,5--3mm占0-20%,3~1mm占10-30%;烧结莫来石的粒度组成为:1~0mm烧结莫来石10~20%和200目烧结莫来石0--20%。SiC的粒度组成为:150目97#SiC 5~15%。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:硅线石族矿物的粒度组成为:1--0mm硅线石族矿物5~20%,0.2--0mm硅线石族矿物5--20%。复合抗氧化剂为金属Si 1--3%和淀粉类聚合物0--2%。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:金属硅粉的粒度为200目.α-Al2O3粒度≤5μm,Al2O3≥98.5%.优质结合粘土粒度≤0.088mm,Al2O3≥30%,Fe2O3≤1.50%.
一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、取电熔莫来石,烧结莫来石,刚玉,碳化硅,氮化硅,硅线石族矿物,Al2O3,优质结合粘土,复合抗氧化剂,备用;
b、将电熔莫来石加工分成5~3mm,3--1mm和200目三种不同粒度的颗粒料,备用;将刚玉加工分成5--3mm和3~1mm两种粒度的颗粒料,备用;将烧结莫来石加工分成1--0mm和200目细粉两种颗粒料,备用;将金属硅磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,备用;将优质结合粘土磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,备用;
c、按重量百分比取:电熔莫来石20--40%,刚玉10--30%,烧结莫来石10--30%,SiC 5--15%,硅线石族矿物10--30%,α-Al2O3 3--10%,优质结合粘土3--7%,复合抗氧化剂1--5%;备用:
d、将步骤c中5~3mm的电熔莫来石,3--1mm电熔莫来石,5--3刚玉,3~1mm刚玉,1~0mm烧结莫来石,1--0mm硅线石族矿物,加入混碾机中,干混3~5min,然后加入水和淀粉类化合物,继续混碾5~10min,最后将200目的电熔莫来石粉、金属硅粉、Al2O3微粉,碳化硅粉,0.2--0硅线石族矿物,氮化硅粉,优质结合粘土粉加入混碾机,混碾10--15min,得到碾压后泥料;
e、将碾压后的泥料经压力机压制成型,得到半成品。
c、将半成品推入100--120℃干燥窑干燥,控制半成品的残余干燥水分小于1%.
f、将干燥后合格的半成品装窑车进入高温隧道窑,在1400--1500℃温度烧成,按国标拣选出成品。
有益效果
本发明的水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖解决了现有传统镁铝尖晶石砖和硅莫砖抗氧化能力差、抗挂窑皮差、导热系数高和体积密度大的问题,该水泥窑过渡带用耐火衬砖具有抗挂窑皮性能强,抗氧化能力好,体积密度小,导热系数低,能够显著延长水泥窑过渡带使用寿命和降低能源消耗。
具体实施方式
一种水泥回转窑过渡带耐火衬砖,由下述重量百分比的原料制成:电熔莫来石20--40%,刚玉10--30%,烧结莫来石10--30%,SiC 5--15%,Si3N4 5--10%,硅线石族矿物10--30%,α-Al2O33--10%,优质结合粘土3--7%,复合抗氧化剂1--5%;
所述电熔莫来石的粒度组成为:5~3mm电熔莫来石10~30%,3--1电熔莫来石0--20%,200目电熔莫来石10~20%。
所述刚玉的粒度组成为:,5--3刚玉0--20%,3~1mm刚玉10~30%。
所述烧结莫来石的粒度组成为:1~0mm烧结莫来石10~20%,200目烧结莫来石0--20%。
所述SiC的粒度组成为:150目97#SiC 5~15%。
所述硅线石族矿物的粒度组成为:1--0mm硅线石族矿物10~20%,0.5--0mm硅线石族矿物10--20%。
所述添加剂为金属Si:1--3%和淀粉类聚合物0--2%。
所述金属硅粉的粒度为200目,Si≥98.5%;α-Al2O3粒度≤8μm,Al2O3≥98.5%;优质结合粘土粒度≤0.088mm,Al2O3≥30%,Fe2O3≤1.30%.
一种水泥回转窑过渡带耐火衬砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取电熔莫来石,烧结莫来石,碳化硅,氮化硅,硅线石族矿物,α-Al2O3,优质结合粘土,复合抗氧化剂,备用;
将电熔莫来石磨细,分级成5~3mm,3--1mm,200目三种不同粒度的颗粒料,备用;
将刚玉磨细,分级成5--3mm,3~1mm两种粒度的颗粒料,备用;
将烧结莫来石磨细,1--0mm和200目细粉两种颗粒料,备用;
将金属硅磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到金属硅粉,备用;
将优质结合黏土磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到优质结合粘土粉,备用;
按重量百分比取:5--3mm电熔莫来石15%,3--1mm电熔莫来石15%,200目电熔莫来石10%,1--0mm烧结莫来石10%,200目烧结莫来石10%,150目97#SiC 10%,硅线石族矿物1--0mm 20%,α-Al2O35%,优质结合粘土3%,复合抗氧化剂2.5%,备用;
所述的复合抗氧化剂:为金属Si 2%和淀粉类化合物0.5%。
将步骤c中5~3mm的电熔莫来石,3--1mm电熔莫来石,1--0mm电熔莫来石,1~0mm烧结莫来石,1--0mm硅线石族矿物,加入混碾机中,干混3~5min,然后加入水和淀粉类化合物,继续混碾5~10min,最后将200目的电熔莫来石粉,200目烧结莫来石粉,金属硅粉,Al2O3微粉,碳化硅粉,氮化硅粉,优质结合粘土粉加入混碾机,混碾10--15min,得到碾压后泥料;
将碾压后泥料经压力机压制成型,得到半成品。
将半成品进入100--120℃干燥窑干燥,残余干燥水分小于1%.
将干燥后合格的半成品装窑车进入高温隧道窑,1400--1500℃烧成,按国标拣选成品。
实施例2
一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取电熔莫来石,烧结莫来石,刚玉,碳化硅,氮化硅,硅线石族矿物,Al2O3微粉,优质结合粘土,复合抗氧化剂,备用;
将电熔莫来石磨细,分级成5~3mm,3--1mm和200目三种不同粒度的颗粒料,备用;
将刚玉磨细,分级成5--3mm和3~1mm两种粒度的颗粒料,备用;
将烧结莫来石磨细,1--0mm和200目两种颗粒料,备用;
将金属硅磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到金属硅粉,备用;
将优质结合黏土磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到优质结合粘土粉,备用;
按重量百分比取:5--3mm电熔莫来石10%,3--1mm电熔莫来石10%,200目电熔莫来石8%,5--3mm刚玉10%,3--1mm刚玉10%,1--0mm烧结莫来石10%,150目97#SiC 12%,Si3N4 5--10%,硅线石族矿物1--0mm10%,硅线石族矿物0.2--mm 10%,α-Al2O35%,优质结合粘土3%,复合抗氧化剂2.5%,备用;
所述的复合抗氧化剂:为金属Si 2%和淀粉类化合物0.5%。
将步骤c中5~3mm的电熔莫来石,3--1mm电熔莫来石,5--3刚玉,3~1mm刚玉,1~0mm烧结莫来石,1--0mm硅线石族矿物,加入混碾机中,干混3~5min,然后加入水和淀粉类化合物,继续混碾5~10min,最后将200目的电熔莫来石粉、金属硅粉、Al2O3微粉,碳化硅粉,0.2--0硅线石族矿物,氮化硅粉,优质结合粘土粉加入混碾机,混碾10--15min,得到碾压后泥料;
将碾压后泥料经压力机压制成型,得到半成品。
将半成品进入100--120℃干燥窑干燥,残余干燥水分小于1%.
将干燥后合格的半成品装窑车进入高温隧道窑,1400--1500℃烧成,按国标拣选成品。
性能测试:
该砖的理化指标如下表所示:
Figure GDA0003508381060000051
将该砖的使用效果与目前水泥窑过渡带用的传统镁铝尖晶石砖的使用效果
进行对比,结果如下表所示:
Figure GDA0003508381060000061
氮化硅 碳化硅
线性膨胀率m/℃ 2.75×0.00001 6.8×0.00001
导热率 16.7w/m*k 36.2w/m*k
氧化温度 1300--1400℃ 800--900℃
氮化硅,为高级耐火原料,氮化硅在热导率、线膨胀率方面的性能均优于碳化硅,尤其在氧化气氛下,氮化硅的开始氧化温度最低为1300℃,SiC在空气中加热到800℃时即开始氧化,1000~1300℃时的氧化速度缓慢,生成SiO2玻璃保护膜,1300℃以后保护膜中开始结晶出方石英,相变引起保护膜开裂,从而氧化速度有所增加,掺入氮化硅后,提高了砖体整体的氧化温度,保护膜开裂的温度也对应升高,增高抗氧化能力,所以以氮化硅来取代或部分取代硅莫砖中的碳化硅,会收到良好的抗挂窑皮效果,避免窑皮频繁脱落引起温度变化,且提高抗氧化能力。
该水泥窑过渡带用耐火衬砖在某水泥公司5000T生产线试验使用中,筒体温度降低30--50℃,筒体重量减少12%,窑皮厚度均匀稳定,操作良好。说明本发明的水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖解决了现有传统镁铝尖晶石砖和硅莫砖抗氧化能力差、抗挂窑皮差、导热系数高和体积密度大的问题,该水泥窑过渡带用耐火衬砖具有高温强度高,抵抗碱硫侵蚀优异,热震稳定性优良,较低的导热系数和较小的体积密度,能显著延长水泥窑过渡带使用寿命和降低能源消耗。

Claims (1)

1.一种水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述水泥回转窑过渡带用耐火衬砖由下述重量百分比的原料制成:电熔莫来石20-40%,刚玉10-30%,烧结莫来石10-30%,硅线石族矿物10-30%,SiC 5-15%,Si3N4 5-10%,α-Al2O3 3-10%,优质结合粘土3-7%,复合抗氧剂 1-5%;
所述复合抗氧剂由金属Si 1-3%和淀粉类聚合物2%组成;所述耐火衬砖在高温隧道窑内于1400~1500℃烧成,并且所述耐火衬砖的体积密度为2.60-2.65,在1100℃水冷的热震稳定性≥30次,0.2MPa荷重软化温度T0.6≥1700℃;
所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
a、取电熔莫来石,烧结莫来石,刚玉,SiC,Si3N4,硅线石族矿物,α-Al2O3,优质结合粘土,复合抗氧剂,备用;
b、将电熔莫来石磨细,分级成5mm,3mm,1mm和200目四种不同粒度的颗粒料,备用;将刚玉磨细,分级成5mm和 3mm两种粒度的颗粒料,备用;将烧结莫来石磨细,分级成1mm和200目细粉两种颗粒料,备用;将金属Si磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到金属Si粉,备用;将优质结合粘土磨成粒度≤200目的细粉,得到优质结合粘土粉,备用;
c、按重量百分比取:5mm电熔莫来石10~30%,3mm电熔莫来石0~20%,1mm电熔莫来石0~20%,200目电熔莫来石10~20%,5mm刚玉0~20%,3mm刚玉10~30%,1mm烧结莫来石10~20%,200目烧结莫来石0~20%,150目97#SiC 5~15%,硅线石族矿物10~30%,α-Al2O3 3~10%,优质结合粘土3-7%,复合抗氧剂 1-5%,备用;所述硅线石族矿物的粒度组成为: 1mm硅线石族矿物5-20%,0.2mm硅线石族矿物5-20%;
d、将步骤c中5mm的电熔莫来石,3mm的电熔莫来石,5 mm的刚玉,3mm的刚玉,1mm的烧结莫来石,1 mm的硅线石族矿物,加入混碾机中,干混3~5min,然后加入水和淀粉类化合物,继续混碾5~10min,最后将200目的电熔莫来石粉,金属Si粉,α-Al2O3微粉,SiC粉,0.2 mm的硅线石族矿物,Si3N4粉,优质结合粘土粉加入混碾机,混碾10~15min,得到碾压后泥料;
e、将碾压后泥料经压力机压制成型,得到半成品;
f、将半成品进入100~120℃干燥洞干燥,残余干燥水分1%;
g、将干燥后合格的半成品装窑车进入高温隧道窑,1400-1500℃烧成,按国标拣选成品。
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