CN110450902A - A kind of non-chain drive structure of vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of non-chain drive structure of vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110450902A CN110450902A CN201910770879.0A CN201910770879A CN110450902A CN 110450902 A CN110450902 A CN 110450902A CN 201910770879 A CN201910770879 A CN 201910770879A CN 110450902 A CN110450902 A CN 110450902A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
- B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
- B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
- F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种车辆非链条传动结构，其中，包括，动力源、传动轴、行星齿轮传动系统以及车轮组件；行星齿轮传动系统包括行星齿轮系，行星齿轮系包括行星架、太阳轮、齿圈及行星齿轮，行星齿轮设置在太阳轮和齿圈之间，并分别与太阳轮和齿圈相啮合；行星架与传动轴刚性连接，齿圈与车轮支架刚性连接，太阳轮与轮毂刚性连接；由动力源驱动的传动轴带动其上的行星架转动，行星齿轮在太阳轮及齿圈之间转动，行星齿轮改变速比后将动力传递给太阳轮，太阳轮带动与其刚接的轮毂转动，并通过轮毂驱动车辆行驶。本发明通过动力轮轮毂内的行星齿轮传动系统改变速比后将人力踩踏动力直接转换成驱动力，驱动轮转动，驱使车辆前进。
The invention provides a non-chain transmission structure for a vehicle, which includes a power source, a transmission shaft, a planetary gear transmission system and a wheel assembly; the planetary gear transmission system includes a planetary gear train, and the planetary gear train includes a planet carrier, a sun gear, a The planetary gear is set between the sun gear and the ring gear, and meshes with the sun gear and the ring gear respectively; the planet carrier is rigidly connected to the drive shaft, the ring gear is rigidly connected to the wheel bracket, and the sun gear is rigidly connected to the hub The transmission shaft driven by the power source drives the planet carrier on it to rotate, and the planetary gear rotates between the sun gear and the ring gear. After the planetary gear changes the speed ratio, the power is transmitted to the sun gear, and the sun gear drives the hub just connected to it to rotate. , and drive the vehicle through the wheel hub. The invention converts the power of manpower stepping directly into driving force after changing the speed ratio through the planetary gear transmission system in the hub of the power wheel, and the driving wheel rotates to drive the vehicle forward.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及车辆领域，具体地说是一种车辆非链条传动结构。The invention relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle non-chain transmission structure.
背景技术Background technique
自行车、电动助力自行车等人力驱动车辆多采用中轴脚踏带动链条及车轮的传统传动方式，链条传动的优点是结构简单、成本低，但也存在一些问题，如链条转动容易出现脱轮故障(掉链子)、链条裸露在外容易生锈老化磨损，在一些小型折叠车上不便于小型化设计等。Bicycles, electric power-assisted bicycles and other human-driven vehicles mostly use the traditional transmission mode in which the central axle pedals drive the chain and wheels. The advantages of chain transmission are simple structure and low cost, but there are also some problems, such as the chain is prone to detachment failure ( drop the chain), the exposed chain is prone to rust, aging and wear, and it is not convenient for miniaturization design on some small folding bikes.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种车辆非链条传动结构，以解决现有的车辆驱动方式不便于小型化设计的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-chain drive structure for vehicles to solve the problem that the existing vehicle driving methods are not convenient for miniaturization design.
本发明是这样实现的：一种车辆非链条传动结构，其中，包括，动力源、传动轴、行星齿轮传动系统以及车轮组件；The present invention is realized as follows: a vehicle non-chain transmission structure, which includes a power source, a transmission shaft, a planetary gear transmission system and a wheel assembly;
所述动力源驱动所述传动轴周向转动；所述车轮组件包括车轮支架、轮胎及轮毂；The power source drives the transmission shaft to rotate circumferentially; the wheel assembly includes a wheel bracket, tires and hubs;
所述行星齿轮传动系统包括行星齿轮系，行星齿轮系包括行星架、太阳轮、齿圈及行星齿轮，行星齿轮设置在太阳轮和齿圈之间，并分别与太阳轮和齿圈相啮合；行星架与所述传动轴刚性连接，齿圈与所述车轮支架刚性连接，太阳轮与所述轮毂刚性连接；由动力源驱动的传动轴带动其上的行星架转动，行星齿轮在太阳轮及齿圈之间转动，行星齿轮改变速比后将动力传递给太阳轮，太阳轮带动与其刚接的轮毂转动，并通过轮毂驱动车辆行驶。The planetary gear transmission system includes a planetary gear train, and the planetary gear train includes a planet carrier, a sun gear, a ring gear and a planetary gear, and the planetary gears are arranged between the sun gear and the ring gear, and mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear respectively; The planet carrier is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft, the ring gear is rigidly connected to the wheel bracket, and the sun gear is rigidly connected to the hub; the transmission shaft driven by the power source drives the planet carrier on it to rotate, and the planetary gears are connected between the sun gear and the hub. The ring gear rotates, and the planetary gear transmits power to the sun gear after changing the speed ratio. The sun gear drives the hub just connected to it to rotate, and drives the vehicle through the hub.
优选的，所述行星齿轮传动系统包括至少一组行星齿轮系，每组行星齿轮系均包括行星架、太阳轮、齿圈及行星齿轮，行星齿轮设置在太阳轮和齿圈之间，并分别与太阳轮和齿圈相啮合；每组行星齿轮系中，行星架作为力矩的输入端，太阳轮作为力矩的输出端；前一组行星齿轮系的太阳轮与后一组行星齿轮系的行星架固定连接；动力由传动轴传递至第一组行星齿轮系的行星架上，并通过最后一组行星齿轮系的太阳轮输出。Preferably, the planetary gear transmission system includes at least one set of planetary gear trains, each set of planetary gear trains includes a planet carrier, a sun gear, a ring gear and a planetary gear, and the planetary gears are arranged between the sun gear and the ring gear, and respectively It meshes with the sun gear and the ring gear; in each set of planetary gear trains, the planet carrier is used as the input end of the torque, and the sun gear is used as the output end of the torque; the sun gear of the previous set of planetary gear trains and the planets of the latter set of planetary gear trains The frame is fixedly connected; the power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the planet carrier of the first set of planetary gear trains, and is output through the sun gear of the last set of planetary gear trains.
优选的，所述动力源包括踏板及曲柄，曲柄的上端与踏板铰接，曲柄的下端通过单向轴承与所述传动轴连接；单向轴承外圈与曲柄刚性连接，内圈与传动轴刚性连接。Preferably, the power source includes a pedal and a crank, the upper end of the crank is hinged to the pedal, the lower end of the crank is connected to the transmission shaft through a one-way bearing; the outer ring of the one-way bearing is rigidly connected to the crank, and the inner ring is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft .
优选的，所述动力源包括踏板及曲柄，曲柄的上端与踏板铰接，曲柄的下端通过棘轮结构与所述传动轴连接。Preferably, the power source includes a pedal and a crank, the upper end of the crank is hinged to the pedal, and the lower end of the crank is connected to the transmission shaft through a ratchet structure.
优选的，在所述踏板与所述车轮支架之间设置有连杆。Preferably, a link is provided between the pedal and the wheel bracket.
优选的，在所述连杆与所述车轮支架之间设置有复位弹簧。Preferably, a return spring is provided between the connecting rod and the wheel bracket.
优选的，所述齿圈外部设置有齿圈固定盖，齿圈固定盖的端面抵接在所述轮毂的侧面，所述行星齿轮传动系统设置在所述齿圈固定盖内，所述齿圈固定盖与所述太阳轮、所述轮毂经螺栓连接在一起，所述齿圈固定盖与所述轮毂同步转动。Preferably, a ring gear fixing cover is provided outside the ring gear, the end surface of the ring gear fixing cover abuts against the side of the hub, the planetary gear transmission system is arranged in the ring gear fixing cover, and the ring gear The fixed cover is connected with the sun gear and the hub via bolts, and the ring gear fixed cover rotates synchronously with the hub.
优选的，所述行星架与所述传动轴通过螺栓连接；所述太阳轮与所述轮毂通过螺栓连接。Preferably, the planet carrier is connected to the transmission shaft by bolts; the sun gear is connected to the hub by bolts.
优选的，所述轮毂及所述齿圈固定盖内设置有轴承转动架设在所述传动轴上。Preferably, the hub and the fixed cover of the ring gear are provided with bearings rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft.
优选的，所述车轮组件还包括刹车碟片及设置在刹车碟片上的刹车器。Preferably, the wheel assembly further includes a brake disc and a brake disposed on the brake disc.
采用上述技术方案，本发明不使中轴脚踏和用链条传动，直接将曲柄连接到动力轮的轮轴上，并通过动力轮轮毂内的行星齿轮传动系统改变速比后将人力踩踏动力直接转换成驱动力，驱动轮转动，驱使车辆前进。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention does not use the central axis pedal and chain transmission, but directly connects the crank to the axle of the power wheel, and directly converts the power of manpower pedaling after changing the speed ratio through the planetary gear transmission system in the hub of the power wheel. As a driving force, the driving wheels rotate to drive the vehicle forward.
由于曲柄直接连接到后轮，减掉了人力车的中轴传动结构，有效减少驱动结构的空间，更便于车辆的小型化设计；将脚踏的圆周运动改变成往复运动，更符合人体运动的生理结构及发力特点；行星齿轮组全部密封在驱动轮的轮毂内，可有效减少氧化和粉尘磨损，提高结构的使用寿命和减少维护成本。Since the crank is directly connected to the rear wheel, the central shaft transmission structure of the rickshaw is eliminated, which effectively reduces the space of the driving structure and facilitates the miniaturization of the vehicle; the circular motion of the pedals is changed into a reciprocating motion, which is more in line with the physiology of human movement Structure and power characteristics; the planetary gear sets are all sealed in the hub of the driving wheel, which can effectively reduce oxidation and dust wear, improve the service life of the structure and reduce maintenance costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明的爆炸结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the present invention;
图2是本发明的俯视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a top view structural representation of the present invention;
图3是本发明的就够示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中：1—传动轴，2—车轮支架，3—轮胎，4—轮毂，5—行星架，6—太阳轮，7—齿圈，8—行星齿轮，9—连杆，10—复位弹簧，11—踏板，12—曲柄，13—单向轴承，14—齿圈固定盖，15—刹车碟片，16—刹车器，17—连杆轴。In the figure: 1—drive shaft, 2—wheel bracket, 3—tyre, 4—hub, 5—planet carrier, 6—sun gear, 7—ring gear, 8—planetary gear, 9—connecting rod, 10—return spring , 11—pedal, 12—crank, 13—one-way bearing, 14—gear ring fixed cover, 15—brake disc, 16—brake, 17—connecting rod shaft.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1-图3所示，本发明提供了一种车辆非链条传动结构，其中，包括，动力源、传动轴1、行星齿轮传动系统以及车轮组件。动力源驱动传动轴1周向转动，车轮组件包括车轮支架2、轮胎3及轮毂4。As shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the present invention provides a non-chain transmission structure for a vehicle, which includes a power source, a transmission shaft 1 , a planetary gear transmission system and a wheel assembly. The power source drives the transmission shaft 1 to rotate in a circumferential direction, and the wheel assembly includes a wheel bracket 2 , a tire 3 and a wheel hub 4 .
本发明的动力源可以设置为传统的脚踏带动链条的传动方式，由链条链轮驱动传动轴做周向转动。也可适应小型化车辆，将动力源设置为包括踏板11及曲柄12，曲柄12的上端与踏板11铰接，曲柄12的下端通过单向轴承13或棘轮结构与传动轴1连接。其中，单向轴承13的外圈与曲柄12刚性连接，内圈与传动轴1刚性连接；棘轮结构内设置有棘轮及棘爪，均可实现单向运动。The power source of the present invention can be set as a traditional pedal-driven chain transmission mode, and the chain sprocket drives the drive shaft to rotate in the circumferential direction. Also applicable to miniaturized vehicles, the power source is set to include a pedal 11 and a crank 12, the upper end of the crank 12 is hinged to the pedal 11, and the lower end of the crank 12 is connected to the transmission shaft 1 through a one-way bearing 13 or a ratchet structure. Wherein, the outer ring of the one-way bearing 13 is rigidly connected to the crank 12, and the inner ring is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft 1; the ratchet structure is provided with a ratchet wheel and a pawl, which can realize unidirectional movement.
通过踩踏踏板11，将踏板11的圆弧状运动转化为传动轴1的周向转动。进一步的，为了增加踏板11的稳定性，在踏板11与车轮支架2之间设置有连杆9，在连杆9与车轮支架之间设置有复位弹簧10。踏板在踩踏力的作用下，向下转过一定弧度，曲柄驱动单向轴承转动，带动传动轴周向转动。在复位弹簧作用下，曲柄及连杆受力向反方向转动，踏板恢复至初始位置，再进入下一驱动循环。在车轮支架上设置连杆轴17用来与连杆铰接。By stepping on the pedal 11 , the circular motion of the pedal 11 is converted into the circumferential rotation of the transmission shaft 1 . Further, in order to increase the stability of the pedal 11, a connecting rod 9 is arranged between the pedal 11 and the wheel bracket 2, and a return spring 10 is arranged between the connecting rod 9 and the wheel bracket. Under the action of pedaling force, the pedal turns downward through a certain arc, and the crank drives the one-way bearing to rotate, which drives the transmission shaft to rotate in a circumferential direction. Under the action of the return spring, the crank and the connecting rod are forced to rotate in the opposite direction, and the pedal returns to the initial position, and then enters the next driving cycle. The connecting rod shaft 17 is set on the wheel bracket and is used for being hinged with the connecting rod.
本发明将脚踏的动力传递至传动轴，再经传动轴上的行星齿轮传动系统将动力传递至车轮。The invention transmits the power of the pedals to the transmission shaft, and then transmits the power to the wheels through the planetary gear transmission system on the transmission shaft.
本发明的行星齿轮传动系统包括行星齿轮系，行星齿轮系包括行星架5、太阳轮6、齿圈7及行星齿轮8，行星齿轮8设置在太阳轮6和齿圈7之间，并分别与太阳轮6和齿圈7相啮合。行星架5与传动轴1刚性连接，齿圈与车轮支架刚性连接，太阳轮与轮毂刚性连接。由动力源驱动的传动轴带动其上的行星架转动，行星齿轮在太阳轮及齿圈之间转动，行星齿轮改变速比后将动力传递给太阳轮，太阳轮带动与其刚接的轮毂转动，并通过轮毂驱动车辆行驶。The planetary gear transmission system of the present invention includes a planetary gear train, and the planetary gear train includes a planetary carrier 5, a sun gear 6, a ring gear 7 and a planetary gear 8, and the planetary gear 8 is arranged between the sun gear 6 and the ring gear 7, and is connected with the sun gear 7 respectively. The sun gear 6 meshes with the ring gear 7. The planet carrier 5 is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft 1, the ring gear is rigidly connected to the wheel bracket, and the sun gear is rigidly connected to the hub. The transmission shaft driven by the power source drives the planet carrier on it to rotate, and the planetary gear rotates between the sun gear and the ring gear. After the planetary gear changes the speed ratio, the power is transmitted to the sun gear, and the sun gear drives the hub just connected to it to rotate. And drive the vehicle through the wheel hub.
根据传动比需要，本发明的行星齿轮传动系统包括至少一组行星齿轮系，每组行星齿轮系均包括行星架、太阳轮、齿圈及行星齿轮，行星齿轮设置在太阳轮和齿圈之间，并分别与太阳轮和齿圈相啮合。每组行星齿轮系中，行星架作为力矩的输入端，太阳轮作为力矩的输出端。前一组行星齿轮系的太阳轮与后一组行星齿轮系的行星架固定连接。动力由传动轴传递至第一组行星齿轮系的行星架上，并通过最后一组行星齿轮系的太阳轮输出。作为优选实施例，本发明采用了两组行星齿轮系对动力进行传动，第一组行星齿轮系的行星架与传动轴固定连接，并将动力传递至其太阳轮，第一组行星齿轮系的太阳轮与第二组行星齿轮系的行星架固定连接，进而将动力传至第二组行星齿轮系的太阳轮，第二组行星齿轮系的太阳轮与轮毂固定连接，将动力传递至轮毂，带动轮胎转动。According to the transmission ratio requirements, the planetary gear transmission system of the present invention includes at least one set of planetary gear trains, each set of planetary gear trains includes a planet carrier, a sun gear, a ring gear and a planetary gear, and the planetary gear is arranged between the sun gear and the ring gear , and mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear respectively. In each set of planetary gear trains, the planet carrier is used as the input end of the torque, and the sun gear is used as the output end of the torque. The sun gear of the former set of planetary gear trains is fixedly connected with the planet carrier of the latter set of planetary gear trains. The power is transmitted from the transmission shaft to the planet carrier of the first set of planetary gear trains, and output through the sun gear of the last set of planetary gear trains. As a preferred embodiment, the present invention adopts two sets of planetary gear trains to transmit power. The planetary carrier of the first set of planetary gear trains is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft and transmits the power to its sun gear. The first set of planetary gear trains The sun gear is fixedly connected to the planet carrier of the second set of planetary gear trains, and then the power is transmitted to the sun gear of the second set of planetary gear trains, and the sun gear of the second set of planetary gear trains is fixedly connected to the hub to transmit power to the hub. Drive the tires to rotate.
本发明在齿圈外部设置有齿圈固定盖14，齿圈固定盖的端面抵接在轮毂的侧面，行星齿轮传动系统设置在齿圈固定盖内。齿圈固定盖与第二组行星齿轮系的太阳轮、轮毂通过螺栓连接，齿圈固定盖与轮毂同步转动。行星齿轮组全部密封在驱动轮的轮毂内，可有效减少氧化和粉尘磨损，提高结构的使用寿命和减少维护成本。The present invention is provided with a ring gear fixed cover 14 outside the ring gear, the end surface of the ring gear fixed cover abuts against the side of the hub, and the planetary gear transmission system is arranged in the ring gear fixed cover. The ring gear fixed cover is connected with the sun gear and the hub of the second group of planetary gear trains by bolts, and the ring gear fixed cover rotates synchronously with the wheel hub. The planetary gear sets are all sealed in the hub of the driving wheel, which can effectively reduce oxidation and dust wear, improve the service life of the structure and reduce maintenance costs.
本发明的行星架与传动轴通过螺栓连接，太阳轮与轮毂通过螺栓连接，齿圈与车轮支架通过螺栓连接。轮毂、齿圈固定盖内设置有轴承，用来与传动轴转动连接。The planet carrier of the present invention is connected to the transmission shaft through bolts, the sun gear is connected to the wheel hub through bolts, and the ring gear is connected to the wheel bracket through bolts. Bearings are arranged in the wheel hub and the fixed cover of the ring gear, which are used for rotational connection with the transmission shaft.
本发明的车轮组件还包括刹车碟片15及设置在刹车碟片上的刹车器16。The wheel assembly of the present invention also includes a brake disc 15 and a brake 16 arranged on the brake disc.
本发明工作过程：双脚交替踩踏两侧踏板，动力通过踏板带动曲柄转动，单向轴承外圈与曲柄刚接，内圈与驱动轴刚接，通过单向轴承和复位弹簧使曲柄的往复运动转变成驱动轴的单向转动，行星齿轮支架刚接到传动轴上，齿圈刚接到车轮支架上，行星齿轮与齿圈和太阳轮咬合，传动轴转动带动行星齿轮转动，并与齿圈形成相对运动，行星齿轮改变速比后将动力传递给固定在轮毂上的太阳轮，并通过轮毂驱动车辆行驶。The working process of the present invention: two feet alternately step on the pedals on both sides, the power drives the crank to rotate through the pedals, the outer ring of the one-way bearing is just connected to the crank, and the inner ring is just connected to the drive shaft, and the reciprocating motion of the crank is made by the one-way bearing and the return spring Transformed into the one-way rotation of the drive shaft, the planetary gear carrier is just connected to the transmission shaft, the ring gear is just connected to the wheel bracket, the planetary gear meshes with the ring gear and the sun gear, the rotation of the drive shaft drives the planetary gear to rotate, and is connected with the ring gear Forming relative motion, the planetary gear changes the speed ratio and transmits the power to the sun gear fixed on the hub, and drives the vehicle through the hub.
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Application publication date: 20191115 |