CN110449592A - 一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110449592A
CN110449592A CN201910874213.XA CN201910874213A CN110449592A CN 110449592 A CN110449592 A CN 110449592A CN 201910874213 A CN201910874213 A CN 201910874213A CN 110449592 A CN110449592 A CN 110449592A
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boron steel
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胡小峰
唐存干
孙裕晶
桂庚利
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JIANGSU JINGAN AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法，特别是一种Ni基粉和WC合金粉在Nb、V微合金化锰硼钢表面烧结预制一层耐磨层的方法。该制备方法为：按重量百分比计，把85%的Ni60合金粉和15%的WC粉混合制成耐磨粉，然后与粘结剂混合均匀并呈粘稠状，涂覆在预制好的锰硼钢表面。涂覆好的锰硼钢放置在真空炉中，在1000~1050℃范围内保温烧结2~5h，获得具有良好结合强度的耐磨层，可大幅度提高锰硼钢的耐磨性。本发明利用商用的Ni60合金粉和WC粉，通过把烧结温度控制在合适范围内，使得锰硼合金钢经过烧结后仍具有良好的力学性能，能够保证锰硼合金钢作为结构件使用时具有高的安全性，而涂覆的耐磨层将显著提高其耐磨性。

Description

一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及合金钢耐磨层的制备领域，具体说是一种Nb、V锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法。
背景技术
锰硼合金钢具有强度高、加工成型性好的特点，最初在汽车工业得到了大量应用，促进了汽车的轻量化发展。锰硼钢因具有良好的淬透性，从而可以通过热冲压成型工艺对其进行一体成型，同时完成成型和淬火，可以很好地控制合金钢产品的外形尺寸，并具有良好的强韧性。锰硼合金钢具有良好的强韧性，而且淬火过程中可以直接水淬，不需要油淬，具有绿色环保的特点，因此在农机耐磨配件领域获得了应用，比如铧式犁、旋耕刀、液压翻转犁等农机具。然而，磨损失效是造成农机耐磨配件使用寿命下降的主要原因之一。因此，如何提高锰硼合金钢的耐磨性是提高其作为农机配件使用寿命的关键，其中在合金钢的表面涂覆一定厚度的耐磨层可显著地提高其耐磨使用寿命。利用商用镍基粉和WC粉，在一定的工艺下，通过真空烧结可以有效地实现在锰硼合金钢表面涂覆耐磨层，该耐磨层具有致密度高、无空洞、结合良好的特点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法。以高强、高韧锰硼钢为基体，通过真空烧结的方式，在合金钢表面涂覆烧结一层耐磨层，从而获得使用寿命显著提高的锰硼合金钢，该技术在农机耐磨领域具有广阔的应用前景。
本发明的技术方案是：Nb、V微合金化的锰硼合金钢，按重量百分比计，其成分为：C0.25～0.35；Si 0.10～0.40；Cr 0.10～0.30；Mn 1.0～1.50；Al 0.01～0.10；Ti 0.01～0.06；B 0.0010～0.0050；（Nb+V）0.03～0.15；S≤0.020；P≤0.020；Fe余量。该合金钢在860～960℃奥氏体化，保温5～30min后水淬至室温。经过热处理后，获得全马氏体组织，其断裂强度在1850 MPa以上，屈服强度在1490 MPa以上，常温冲击功达13J（半尺寸V口冲击功），强韧性匹配良好。将淬火处理后的材料进行表面喷砂、打磨处理，然后清理干净并用丙酮清洗，烘干备用。
采用商用的Ni60粉和WC粉，按85%和15%的配比将两者混合制成耐磨粉，然后加入松节油和松香混合的粘结剂，并涂覆在预制好的锰硼钢表面。将涂覆好的合金钢放置在真空炉中，采用1000~1050℃的烧结温度，烧结2~5h，保持10-3Pa的真空度。
所述的一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法，可以获得致密度高、无空洞、结合良好的表面涂层，在农用耐磨配件领域将获得广阔的应用。
本发明的设计思想如下：
本发明采用的锰硼钢是利用Nb、V微合金化之后的材料，Nb、V添加量较少，但其为强碳化物形成元素，将形成弥散细小的合金碳化物，这种碳化物具有高温稳定的特点，其中NbC的溶解温度接近1100℃，NbC在合金钢热处理过程中将起到阻碍晶粒长大的作用。因此，在真空烧结过程中，需要对烧结温度进行严格控制，选取的温度在1050℃以下，防止NbC发生溶解，否则锰硼钢将发生严重粗化，从而影响基体材料的性能。耐磨粉选取商用的Ni60粉和WC粉，相对成本较低。
本发明的优点及有益效果在于：
1、本发明一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法所选用的耐磨合金粉是商用Ni60粉和WC粉，容易购买，制备简单，成本较低；
2、本发明烧结过程简单，对真空烧结炉无特殊要求，制备的耐磨层致密度高、无空洞，结合良好；
3、本发明一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法所采用的锰硼合金钢具有高强度，在农机具上使用可达到轻量化目的，而涂覆烧结耐磨层之后，将显著提高其耐磨性，使耐磨配件的使用寿命大大提高。
附图说明
图1为烧结涂覆的耐磨层组织图，致密无空洞；
图2为采用本发明烧结制备的旋耕刀。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明，但并不因此而限制本发明。
实施例1 锰硼合金钢涂覆烧结耐磨层：
在本发明实施例中，Nb、V微合金化锰硼合金钢采用真空感应炉冶炼，真空浇铸后得到25 kg的铸锭。将钢锭锻造成35mm厚板材，然后热轧成6mm的板材。热处理采用奥氏体化温度均为950℃，保温20min，然后水淬。实施例Nb、V微合金化锰硼合金钢的成分如表1所示。
先用喷砂机对合金钢板材的表面进行处理，去除氧化皮，然后打磨干净，表面粗糙度为Ra 1.6μm，用丙酮超声清洗后烘干备用。将Ni60粉（30~60μm）和WC粉（20~40μm）进行混合，控制比例为85%和15%，再与松节油和松香混合的粘结剂混合，并涂覆在处理好的锰硼钢表面。将涂覆好的锰硼钢放置到真空烧结炉内，先抽真空到10-3Pa，然后升温到1030℃，保温3h后缓冷，得到烧结耐磨层。图1所示为耐磨涂层的组织图，致密无空洞。采用Micromet5103型显微硬度计测定基体的硬度为486HV，耐磨层的硬度为1132HV。
表1 本发明实施例锰硼合金钢和Ni60粉的化学成分（wt.%）
成分 Cr B Si C Mn Nb V Fe Ni
基体 0.19 0.0027 0.29 0.27 1.18 0.07 0.055 Bal. -
Ni60 16.3 3.5 3.8 0.97 - 0.08 - 13.8 Bal.
实施例2 锰硼合金钢制备旋耕刀，然后涂覆烧结耐磨层：
采用实施例1中冶炼的锰硼合金钢制备成旋耕刀，完成成型和淬火处理。用喷砂机对旋耕刀表面进行喷砂处理，去除氧化皮，然后将表面进行清洗干净。将混合好的耐磨合金粉涂覆在旋耕刀表面，然后放置在真空炉内，先抽真空到10-3Pa，然后升温到1030℃，保温3h后缓冷。图2所示为烧结制备的旋耕刀。对带涂层和不带涂层的旋耕刀进行了实际对比考核实验，结果显示：不带涂层的锰硼钢旋耕刀的耕作面积为300亩，而带涂层的锰硼钢在相同条件下的耕作面积为1300亩，提高了4倍多，效果显著。
实施例结果表明，本发明一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法，在保证锰硼合金钢基体具有较高强度、较高冲击韧性的基础上，利用耐磨层可以显著提高合金钢的耐磨性，从而在保证该锰硼合金钢在安全使用的前提下，其作为耐磨材料可在农用机械、矿石机械等领域得到广泛应用。

Claims (2)

1.一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法，所述的锰硼合金钢为Nb、V微合金化的锰硼合金钢，按重量百分比计，其成分为：C 0.25～0.35；Si 0.10～0.40；Cr 0.10～0.30；Mn 1.0～1.50；Al 0.01～0.10；Ti 0.01～0.06；B 0.0010～0.0050；（Nb+V）0.03～0.15；S≤0.020；P≤0.020；Fe余量；所述的锰硼合金钢在860～960℃奥氏体状态下保温5～30min后水淬至室温，获得全马氏体组织，其断裂强度在1850 MPa以上，屈服强度在1490 MPa以上，常温冲击功达13J（半尺寸V口冲击功），其特征在于：所述的制备方法包含以下步骤：
a、将淬火处理后的所述锰硼合金钢材料进行表面喷砂、打磨处理，然后清理干净并用丙酮清洗；
b、采用商用的Ni60粉和WC粉，按85%和15%的配比将两者混合制成耐磨粉，然后加入松节油和松香混合的粘结剂，并涂覆在预制好的所述锰硼合金钢材料表面；
c、将涂覆好的所述锰硼合金钢材料放置在真空炉中，采用1000~1050℃的烧结温度，烧结2~5h，保持真空度10-3Pa。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的Ni60粉粒径设置在30~60μm，所述的WC粉粒径设置在20~40μm。
CN201910874213.XA 2019-09-17 2019-09-17 一种锰硼合金钢耐磨层的制备方法 Pending CN110449592A (zh)

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CN1043455A (zh) * 1989-06-02 1990-07-04 宜兴市商校复合材料厂 涂层锤片及制备和用于制造涂层锤片的匣钵
CN102284702A (zh) * 2011-09-21 2011-12-21 哈尔滨工业大学 一种烧结法制备电站阀门用钢密封面表面Ni-WC复合涂层的方法
CN104357747A (zh) * 2014-10-27 2015-02-18 中国科学院金属研究所 一种微合金化锰硼合金钢及其热处理方法和应用
CN109518183A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2019-03-26 河北工业大学 一种镍基耐磨熔覆层的制备方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1043455A (zh) * 1989-06-02 1990-07-04 宜兴市商校复合材料厂 涂层锤片及制备和用于制造涂层锤片的匣钵
CN102284702A (zh) * 2011-09-21 2011-12-21 哈尔滨工业大学 一种烧结法制备电站阀门用钢密封面表面Ni-WC复合涂层的方法
CN104357747A (zh) * 2014-10-27 2015-02-18 中国科学院金属研究所 一种微合金化锰硼合金钢及其热处理方法和应用
CN109518183A (zh) * 2019-01-22 2019-03-26 河北工业大学 一种镍基耐磨熔覆层的制备方法

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Application publication date: 20191115