CN110445512A - A kind of capture and synchronous method suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system - Google Patents
A kind of capture and synchronous method suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110445512A CN110445512A CN201910842203.8A CN201910842203A CN110445512A CN 110445512 A CN110445512 A CN 110445512A CN 201910842203 A CN201910842203 A CN 201910842203A CN 110445512 A CN110445512 A CN 110445512A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
- H04B2001/71563—Acquisition
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of capture suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, method includes the following steps: step 1: the TOD of high-speed frequency hopping system is divided into high section TODHWith low section of TODLTwo sections, and according to TODHGenerate frequency hopping pattern;Step 2: frame synchronization being carried out according to the frequency point of frequency hopping pattern, generates frame synchronization sequence;Step 3: receiving end cyclic switching frequency point recycles slip scan and captures frequency point information and the relative position of frequency point;Step 4: according to frame synchronization sequence, the relative position of frequency point and frequency point information, calculating the TOD of receiving end and transmitting terminalHRelative time is poor;Step 5: according to TODHThe synchronous head of relative time difference adjustment receiving end completes the synchronization of high-speed frequency hopping system so that subsequent frequency point information is aligned with the frequency point information of transmitting terminal.The method solves the problems such as poor anti jamming capability, capture time are long low with synchronous probability, realizes while taking into account anti-interference ability and capture time, and high-speed frequency hopping system is made to reach optimal net synchronization capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless communication technology fields, and in particular to a kind of capture suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system with
Synchronous method.
Background technique
The anti-interference ability of frequency-hopping system and its hop rate are closely related, and frequency hopping rate is higher, and signal frequency is captured general
Rate is lower, and influence of the Tracking Jam to frequency-hopping system is also smaller.The realization of high-speed frequency-hopping is in effectively jamproof while also band
Carry out a series of technical problem, wherein the reception stationary problem to high speed jump frequency is one of the problem most urgently captured.It is real
Existing high-speed frequency-hopping the capture synchronizing capacity of frequency-hopping system is required it is high, need system have automatic Fast synchronization ability and relatively it is strong again
Synchronizing capacity can resynchronize rapidly after quietness.False sync caused by interference can be effectively antagonized, meanwhile, new equipment can
Quickly network.The method that current frequency-hopping synchronization is realized has:
Independent channel method transmits synchronizing information using an independent channel, realizes the frequency hopping communications of system, due to
Synchronizing information is sent using keeping pouring in surely, concealment is poor, is easily found and interferes.
Reference clock method distributes high precision clock information by central station, and it is raw according to the clock reference to net interior communication equipment
At frequency hopping pattern, transceiver working frequency is controlled, and then realizes the synchronization of sending and receiving both sides frequency hopping pattern, this method is to clock
Stability requirement is higher, and for the communicating pair that relative position and speed Larger Dynamic change, synchronization accuracy sharply declines.
Synchronous prefix method, places synchronous head before Frequency Hopping Signal, carries hopping synchronization information, receiving end is according to synchronous prefix
The characteristics of, realize receiving-transmitting sides frequency-hopping synchronization, but be once interfered, entire frequency-hopping communication system will be unable to work, so
Synchronous prefix method is badly in need of improving the anti-interference and concealment of synchronous prefix.
Motor synchronizing method, synchronizing information is covered in the information sequence of transmission, passes through certain method in receiver end
The synch information extraction is come out, so realize receiving-transmitting sides frequency-hopping synchronization, since synchronizing information is limited, synchronization time compared with
Long, frequency hopping channel number is less, is unfavorable for realizing high jump sepeed and multiple frequency-hopping channel number.
A kind of patent 1: frequency-hopping synchronization implementation method based on temporal information;Application number: 201810229365.X;Invention
People: Wang Jianming, Zeng Biming, model big waves etc.;The patent proposes that one kind uses the novel truncated TOD structure of one kind and recovery processing
Algorithm only sends most basic information: the value of minute, second, reduces time and bit quantity of the information in space propagation, but it is answered
With range is small, interference free performance is poor.
A kind of patent 2: fast synchronization method of frequency-hopping communication system;Application number: 201610378129.5;Inventor: Lee
Add flood, Yu Shengnan, Zhao Wei, Xu Peng fly etc.;The patent proposes a kind of using more unique codes and station information combination, progress uplink
Synchronization signal capture and parameter Estimation remain to effectively improve same in the case where easily colliding using the competition method of synchronization
Walk acquisition probability and acquisition speed.But this method complexity is high, is not suitable for wide scope Quick moving platform high-speed frequency-hopping system
System, generalization be not high.
A kind of patent 3: fast frequency-hopped synchronous method of GPS auxiliary;Application number: 201410313891.6;Inventor: high
It is triumphant, Yang Jun, Zhu Jiang etc.;This method first accurately contacts frequency hop sequences and temporal information foundation, is then mentioned using GPS system
The high-precision pulse per second (PPS) and other time information supplied, quickly calculates the state of the frequency hop sequences at current time, in conjunction with certainly
Synchronos method realizes accurate sequence synchronization.But the anti-interference ability of this method is not high, and capture time performance is weak.
Document 1: Study on Synchronization Techniques in frequency-hopping communication system;Author: Li Na;Deliver periodical and scrolling: hyundai electronics skill
Art, 2011,34 (1): 95-97;It is same that the document proposes that a kind of continuous synchronization method for adding duties to jump guidance using synchronous head is realized
Step, and obtain frequency hopping pattern and synchronize to improve the anti-interference ability of synchronous head using pseudo-random sequence is controlled by temporal information.But
It is that the synchronous detection probability of the single of this method is low.
Document 2: High-speed frequency hopping communication system Study on Synchronization Techniques;Author: Chen Yongjun, Wu Jie, Xu Hua, Long Min;Deliver the phase
Periodical and scrolling: Electronic Design and engineering, 2010,18 (4): 58-61;This document propose one kind to be suitable for High-speed frequency hopping communication system
The synchronization scheme of system carries synchronizing information using short code, overcomes the fast frequency-hopped difficulty for being difficult to carry associated code.But it should
The scheme frequency-hopping synchronization time is longer, influences system effectiveness, and replicability is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capture suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method.The method is intended to solve
The problems such as certainly poor anti jamming capability, capture time are long low with synchronous probability, in conjunction with multifrequency point synchronous head structure, synchronous prefix method with
Reference clock method is realized while taking into account anti-interference ability and capture time, high-speed frequency hopping system is made to reach optimal synchronization
Performance.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of capture suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, should
Method is the following steps are included: step 1: the reference clock TOD of high-speed frequency hopping system is divided into high section TODHWith low section of TODLTwo sections,
And according to high section TODHGenerate frequency hopping pattern;Step 2: frame synchronization being carried out according to the frequency point of frequency hopping pattern, generates frame synchronization sequence;
Step 3: the receiving end cyclic switching frequency point of high-speed frequency hopping system recycles slip scan and captures the frequency point information of frequency point and opposite
Position;Step 4: according to frame synchronization sequence, the relative position of frequency point and frequency point information, calculating the receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system
With the TOD of transmitting terminalHRelative time is poor;Step 5: according to TODHRelative time difference adjusts the synchronous head of receiving end, so that subsequent
Frequency point information is aligned with the frequency point information of transmitting terminal, completes the synchronization of high-speed frequency hopping system.
Most preferably, frame synchronization is further comprising the steps of: step 2.1: frequency point has m, and m frequency point passes through high section respectively
TODH、TODH+1、TODH+2、...、TODH+ (m-1) generates m continuous frequency point sequences;Step 2.2: utilizing m continuous frequencies
Point sequence repeats to send m leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence;Step 2.3: backward m continuous frequency point sequences, and send
Frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence generates frame synchronization sequence.
Most preferably, it is further comprising the steps of to generate frame synchronization sequence: step 2.3.1: frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence
By the mark and screening of network No., the identical sequence information of network No. is generated;Step 2.3.2: pass through low section of TODLIt is identical to network No.
Sequence information calculated;Step 2.3.3: the sequence information after calculating carries out reservation buffering, generates frame synchronization sequence.
Most preferably, high section TODHWith low section of TODLIt is rounded respectively by TOD by the frequency hopping pattern update cycle and remainder obtains.
Most preferably, TODHThe calculating of relative time difference is further comprising the steps of: step 4.1: according to frame synchronization sequence and
The difference of the relative position of m frequency point of capture, it is counter to push away the frequency point information for obtaining transmitting terminal;Step 4.2: the frequency point letter of transmitting terminal
Breath combines the frequency point information of receiving end capture, calculates the TOD for obtaining sending and receiving endHRelative time is poor.
Most preferably, the relative position of frame synchronization sequence and m frequency point of capture is unique value.
Most preferably, leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, network No., low section of TODLTogether
Information is walked to be transmitted by the synchronous head of receiving end.
Most preferably, leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence is one group of pseudo noise code with correlation.
Most preferably, the receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system passes through wide time interval cyclic switching frequency point, recycles slip scan
And capture.
Most preferably, the spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence of receiving end is replaced in the receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system after slip scan and capture
Column keep capture frequency point constant.
With the invention, solves the problems such as poor anti jamming capability, capture time are long low with synchronous probability, in conjunction with multifrequency point
Synchronous head structure, synchronous prefix method and reference clock method, realize while taking into account anti-interference ability and capture time, make height
Fast frequency-hopping system reaches optimal net synchronization capability.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the method for the present invention solves the problems such as poor anti jamming capability, capture time are long low with synchronous probability.
2, the method for the present invention combination multifrequency point synchronous head structure, synchronous prefix method and reference clock method, realize and are taking into account
While anti-interference ability and capture time, high-speed frequency hopping system is made to reach optimal net synchronization capability
3, the method for the present invention can be realized in biggish time dynamic range the fast Acquisition of high-speed frequency-hopping with it is synchronous.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is capture provided by the invention and synchronous method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is frame synchronization process flow diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is that frame synchronizing process intermediate-frequeney point sequence hopping provided by the invention captures flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, these embodiments are merely to illustrate
The present invention is not limiting the scope of the invention.
The present invention is a kind of capture suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, as shown in Figure 1, this method include with
Lower step:
Step 1: the reference clock TOD of high-speed frequency hopping system is divided into high section TODHWith low section of TODLTwo sections, and according to high section
TODHGenerate frequency hopping pattern;Just two sections are frequency hopping pattern, with low section of TOD in actual useLFast variation generates frequency hopping pattern,
Improve anti-interference ability;Using high section TODHGenerate frequency hopping pattern, for capture with it is synchronous.Wherein, high section TODHSlow variation, it is low
Section TODLFast variation;High section is rounded by cycle T by TOD and is obtained, i.e. TODH, low section is taken for TOD by frequency hopping pattern update cycle T
Remaining acquisition, i.e. TODL, meet: TOD/ frequency hopping pattern update cycle T=TODH(quotient)+TODL(remainder);
High section TODHSlow variation is to reduce to be conducive to capture and synchronize and capture synchronous difficulty, if too fast, receiving end and hair
There is minimum error in the time of sending end, may not synchronize;Low section of TODLFast variation is to keep every frame frequency hopping pattern all different
Sample improves anti-interference ability.
Step 2: frame synchronization being carried out according to the frequency point of frequency hopping pattern, generates frame synchronization sequence;As shown in Fig. 2, frame synchronization is also
The following steps are included:
Step 2.1: frequency point has m, and m frequency point passes through high section TOD respectivelyH、TODH+1、TODH+2、…、TODH+(m-
1) m continuous frequency point sequences are generated, frequency point sequence is fH0、fH1、fH2、…、fH(m-1);
Step 2.2: as shown in figure 3, repeating to send m leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code using m continuous frequency point sequences
Sequence;
Step 2.3: backward m continuous frequency point sequences, and frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence is sent, generate frame synchronization sequence
Column.
Backward sends frequency point sequence and to carry out reception capture in any position of leader sequence section, and error capture and leakage obtain
Still there is multiple chance to complete capture afterwards, acquisition probability is greatly improved, and any frequency point in m frequency point can capture, and effectively mention
The anti-interference ability of high synchronous head.
It is further comprising the steps of to generate frame synchronization sequence:
Step 2.3.1: frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence also passes through the mark and screening of network No., generates the identical sequence of network No.
Column information;
Step 2.3.2: pass through low section of TODLThe identical sequence information of network No. is calculated;
Step 2.3.3: the sequence information after calculating carries out reservation buffering, generates frame synchronization sequence.
The frequency point of receiving end synchronous head changes over time and changes, and the frequency point for capture has multiple, has synchronous head
Enough concealments and anti-interference;Leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, network No., low section
TODLSynchronizing information is transmitted by the synchronous head of receiving end.
Wherein, there are multiple high-speed frequency hopping system equipment as Node distribution formula networking, form heterogeneous networks, network No. is used to mark
Know which subnet is high-speed frequency hopping system equipment be in, and transmit mesh information, only transmitting-receiving network No. is identical, just can be carried out receipts
Hair, networking;Leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence is one group of pseudo noise code having good correlation;Frame sync segment spread spectrum is pseudo-
Code sequence is synchronous for start information;Low section of TOD of the transmitting terminal of transmissionLClock information, for generating the frequency hopping pattern of data frame;
The function of retaining buffering is adjustment bit synchronization, updates TOD information.
Step 3: the receiving end cyclic switching frequency point of high-speed frequency hopping system recycles slip scan and captures the frequency point letter of frequency point
Breath and relative position.
The receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system passes through wide time interval cyclic switching frequency point, recycles slip scan and capture;It is high
The spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence of receiving end is replaced in the receiving end of fast frequency-hopping system after slip scan and capture, keeps capture frequency point not
Become.
Step 4: according to frame synchronization sequence, the relative position of frequency point and frequency point information, calculating connecing for high-speed frequency hopping system
The TOD of receiving end and transmitting terminalHRelative time is poor;
TODHThe calculating of relative time difference is further comprising the steps of:
Step 4.1: according to the difference of the relative position of frame synchronization sequence and m frequency point of capture, counter push away obtains transmitting terminal
Frequency point information;
Step 4.2: the frequency point information of the frequency point information combination receiving end capture of transmitting terminal calculates the TOD for obtaining sending and receiving endH
Relative time is poor.
The relative position of frame synchronization sequence and m frequency point of capture is unique value, releases transmission by the way that difference relationship is counter
The frequency point information at end.
Step 5: according to TODHRelative time difference adjusts the synchronous head of receiving end, so that subsequent frequency point information and transmitting terminal
Frequency point information alignment, realize the synchronization of frequency hopping pattern and the reception of synchronizing information, complete the synchronization of high-speed frequency hopping system.
TODHRelative time difference is since the factors such as clock stability, moving distance variation can cause to receive and dispatch both ends TODHPhase
To the uncertainty of relationship, the deviation for bringing frequency hopping pattern capture in synchronous head position synchronous.
Synchronizing for high-speed frequency hopping system is synchronized by the capture of synchronous head, effectively eliminates time uncertain problem to same
Walk the influence of head.Receiving end high section TODHPass through the synchronous amendment of the capture of synchronous head, low section of TODLIt is transmitted, is reached by synchronous head
It is consistent with transmitting terminal TOD.
The working principle of the invention:
The reference clock TOD of high-speed frequency hopping system is divided into high section TODHWith low section of TODLTwo sections, and according to high section TODHIt generates
Frequency hopping pattern;Frame synchronization is carried out according to the frequency point of frequency hopping pattern, generates frame synchronization sequence;The receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system recycles
Switch frequency point, recycle slip scan and captures frequency point information and the relative position of frequency point;According to frame synchronization sequence, frequency point it is opposite
Position and frequency point information calculate the receiving end of high-speed frequency hopping system and the TOD of transmitting terminalHRelative time is poor;According to TODHRelatively
Time difference adjusts the synchronous head of receiving end, so that subsequent frequency point information is aligned with the frequency point information of transmitting terminal, completes high speed and jumps
The synchronization of display system.
In conclusion the present invention solves the problems such as poor anti jamming capability, capture time are long low with synchronous probability, in conjunction with more
Frequency point synchronous head structure, synchronous prefix method and reference clock method, realize while taking into account anti-interference ability and capture time,
High-speed frequency hopping system is set to reach optimal net synchronization capability.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of capture and synchronous method suitable for high-speed frequency hopping system, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the reference clock TOD of high-speed frequency hopping system is divided into high section TODHWith low section of TODLTwo sections, and according to high section TODH
Generate frequency hopping pattern;
Step 2: frame synchronization being carried out according to the frequency point of the frequency hopping pattern, generates frame synchronization sequence;
Step 3: frequency point described in the receiving end cyclic switching of high-speed frequency hopping system recycles slip scan and captures the frequency of the frequency point
Point information and relative position;
Step 4: according to the frame synchronization sequence, the relative position of the frequency point and the frequency point information, calculating high-speed frequency-hopping
The receiving end of system and the TOD of transmitting terminalHRelative time is poor;
Step 5: according to the TODHRelative time difference adjusts the synchronous head of receiving end, so that subsequent frequency point information and transmitting terminal
Frequency point information alignment, complete the synchronization of high-speed frequency hopping system.
2. as described in claim 1 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the frame is same
It walks further comprising the steps of:
Step 2.1: the frequency point has m, and m frequency point passes through the high section TOD respectivelyH、TODH+1、TODH+2、...、TODH+
(m-1) m continuous frequency point sequences are generated;
Step 2.2: repeating to send m leader sequence section spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence using the m continuous frequency point sequences;
Step 2.3: m described in backward continuous frequency point sequences, and frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence is sent, generate frame synchronization sequence
Column.
3. as claimed in claim 2 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that described in generation
Frame synchronization sequence is further comprising the steps of:
Step 2.3.1: the frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence passes through the mark and screening of network No., generates the identical sequence of network No.
Information;
Step 2.3.2: pass through the low section of TODLThe identical sequence information of the network No. is calculated;
Step 2.3.3: the sequence information after calculating carries out reservation buffering, generates the frame synchronization sequence.
4. as claimed in claim 3 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the high section
TODHWith the low section of TODLIt is rounded respectively by the TOD by the frequency hopping pattern update cycle and remainder obtains.
5. as claimed in claim 4 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the TODH
The calculating of relative time difference is further comprising the steps of:
Step 4.1: counter to push away to set out according to the difference of the relative position of the frame synchronization sequence and m frequency point of capture
The frequency point information of sending end;
Step 4.2: the frequency point information that the frequency point information of the transmitting terminal is captured in conjunction with the receiving end calculates and obtains sending and receiving end
TODHRelative time is poor.
6. as claimed in claim 5 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the frame is same
The relative position of step sequence and m frequency point of the capture is unique value.
7. as claimed in claim 6 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that described leading
Tract spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, the frame sync segment spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence, network No., the low section of TODLSynchronizing information is by receiving end
Synchronous head transmission.
8. as claimed in claim 7 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that described leading
Tract spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence is one group of pseudo noise code with correlation.
9. as described in claim 1 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the high speed
The receiving end of frequency-hopping system passes through frequency point described in wide time interval cyclic switching, recycles slip scan and capture.
10. as claimed in claim 9 suitable for the capture of high-speed frequency hopping system and synchronous method, which is characterized in that the height
The spread-spectrum pseudo code sequence of receiving end is replaced in the receiving end of fast frequency-hopping system after slip scan and capture, keeps capture frequency point not
Become.
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CN110838851A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-25 | 西安航天天绘数据技术有限公司 | System and method for signal capture by using cyclic range search |
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CN112737634A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method suitable for PDT/DMR |
CN114039627A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-11 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Frequency hopping synchronization method and electronic equipment |
CN114124154A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 如般量子科技有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method and system based on TOD |
CN114448466A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆大学 | Frequency hopping synchronization method suitable for power Internet of things |
CN114978236A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-30 | 湖南国科锐承电子科技有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method based on TOD |
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Cited By (9)
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CN110838851A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-25 | 西安航天天绘数据技术有限公司 | System and method for signal capture by using cyclic range search |
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CN114124154A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 如般量子科技有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method and system based on TOD |
CN112737634A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method suitable for PDT/DMR |
CN114039627A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-11 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Frequency hopping synchronization method and electronic equipment |
CN114448466A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆大学 | Frequency hopping synchronization method suitable for power Internet of things |
CN114978236A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-30 | 湖南国科锐承电子科技有限公司 | Frequency hopping synchronization method based on TOD |
CN114978236B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-05-14 | 湖南国科锐承电子科技有限公司 | TOD-based frequency hopping synchronization method |
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