CN110444356B - Lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator lightning protection section protection gap design method - Google Patents
Lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator lightning protection section protection gap design method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for designing a lightning protection gap of a lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator, which comprises the following steps of 1-4, step 1: setting a lightning current protection threshold, and step 2: testing the residual voltage of the zinc oxide resistor disc and measuring a lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve, and step 3: protection gap structure design and breakdown voltage test, step 4: and determining a protection gap distance. The method solves the technical problem that the conventional lightning protection and ice flashover prevention composite insulator applied to the power transmission line without the ground wire is lack of a protection device and is easy to damage when the lightning protection section protection gap is subjected to overlarge lightning stroke by scientifically and reasonably designing the lightning protection section protection gap, and the method is simple and easy to implement and has small calculation amount.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction of a power system, and particularly relates to a design method of a lightning protection gap of a lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator lightning protection section.
Background
Through data statistics, more than 50% of tripping accidents in the power system are caused by lightning strikes. Along with the continuous development of national economy, people put forward higher requirements on power utilization reliability, so that the lightning trip-out rate of a power transmission line is reduced, a sound power grid lightning protection system is established, and the method plays an important role in improving the stability of a power system
Because more and more transmission lines span the high and cold mountain areas, the transmission line that cancels the ground wire and installs high through-current capability lightning protection anti-icing composite insulator has obtained more and more extensive application, present lightning protection anti-icing composite insulator lightning protection module can tolerate most thunderbolts, nevertheless also probably have lightning current amplitude too high to cause transmission line lightning strike tripping operation to lead to the phenomenon that lightning protection anti-icing composite insulator damaged, so need design the insulator lightning protection section according to actual conditions to dredge great lightning current, and improve its lightning protection anti-icing composite insulator ability.
However, in the prior art, there is no protection or design method for the lightning protection section of the composite insulator against lightning protection ice flashover in a mature system for the time being, in view of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention provides a design method for a lightning protection section protection gap of a lightning protection and anti-ice-flash composite insulator, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing lightning protection and anti-ice-flash composite insulator applied to cancel a ground wire power transmission line is lack of a protection device and is easy to damage when being subjected to excessive lightning.
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for designing a lightning protection gap of a lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator is provided, which comprises the following steps of 1-4:
step 1: setting a lightning current protection threshold value: setting lightning current protection threshold ImWhen the amplitude of the lightning current exceeds ImWhen the lightning protection section is in a lightning protection state, the protection gap of the lightning protection section is broken down;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) zinc oxide resistance card residual voltage test and lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve measurement: the surge current acts on the zinc oxide resistance card, a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card in a large current section is obtained through testing, and the lightning protection section residual voltage under the action of different surge currents is obtained;
and step 3: protection gap structure design and breakdown voltage test: adopting a rod-rod electrode as a protective gap structure, outputting pulse voltage through an impulse voltage generator, carrying out a breakdown voltage test, measuring to obtain rod-rod electrode impulse flashover voltages under different gap distances, and obtaining a relation curve of positive and negative polarity impulse flashover voltages along with the gap distances;
and 4, step 4: and (3) determining a protection gap distance: according to the lightning stroke current protection threshold I in the step 1mAnd step 2, obtaining the action residual voltage U at the two ends of the lightning protection section by the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the lightning protection sectionmAnd according to the residual action voltage UmAnd 3, calculating a relation curve of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance to obtain a protection gap distance dm。
Further, the lightning stroke current protection threshold I of the step 1m<150kA。
Further, the step 2 specifically includes: the surge current generator generates surge current with the waveform of 4/10 mu s pulse type, the surge current acts on a zinc oxide resistance card adopted in a lightning protection section, the amplitude of the surge current is 50-150kA, each 10kA point is tested, a brand new resistance card is adopted in each test until the zinc oxide resistance card is damaged, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card is obtained by measurement and measurement, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of a single zinc oxide resistance card is multiplied by the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the whole lightning protection section, and the volt-ampere characteristic curve is a piecewise linear function:
wherein, U1Denotes residual voltage, I denotes current value, a1，b1，a2，b2Linear fitting constants, I, obtained when fitting respectively to a line0The critical value of the nonlinear section and the large current section in the volt-ampere characteristic curve is shown.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes: when the protective gap structure is designed, in order to realize high-flux capacity and lightning protection and anti-icing flashover function and considering small polar effect of the rod gap, the protective gap electrode structure is selected as the rod gap structure, impulse type impact voltage of 2.6/50 mu s is applied to the rod protective gap to obtain a curve of the breakdown voltage changing along with the gap distance,
fitting to obtain a calculation formula of positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance:
wherein, U3And U4Respectively representing the positive and negative breakdown voltages of the protection gap, d representing the protection gap distance, a3，b3，a4，b4The constants obtained by fitting are respectively.
Further, the relationship curve of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltages along with the gap distance in the step 3 and the step 4 is specifically selected as the relationship curve of the negative polarity impact flashover voltages along with the gap distance.
In another aspect, the present invention further discloses a device for designing a lightning protection gap of a lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator, comprising:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to perform any of the lightning protection segment protection gap design methods described above.
In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause the computer to perform any of the above lightning protection segment protection gap design methods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the design method of the lightning protection section protection gap can effectively dredge overlarge lightning current and prevent the lightning protection section of the lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator from being easily damaged by the lightning current.
2. The design method of the lightning protection section protection gap can also be used for designing insulators with different specifications and requirements in batches, is simple, convenient and effective, and is suitable for running calculation through a computer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator and a protective gap according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for designing a protection gap of a lightning protection section of a composite insulator for preventing lightning and ice flashover according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the variable corresponding relationship among lightning current, voltage at two ends of the lightning protection section and the protection gap distance.
Description of reference numerals:
1. lightning protection anti-icing sudden strain of a muscle synthetic insulator lightning protection section, 2, lightning protection anti-icing sudden strain of muscle synthetic insulator insulating section, 3, insulating section both ends equalizer ring, 4, lightning protection section both ends protection clearance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which the technical problems and advantages of the present invention are solved, wherein the described examples are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, it is a structural diagram showing a lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator and a protection gap, as a conventional lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a lightning protection section of the lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator, 2 denotes an insulation section of the lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator, 3 denotes a voltage equalizing ring at two ends of the insulation section, and 4 denotes a protection gap at two ends of the lightning protection section. Wherein, the two ends of the protective gap 4 at the two ends of the lightning protection section are respectively connected with the grounding end of the lightning protection anti-icing insulator and the equalizing ring 3 of the insulating section. When thunder acts on the power transmission line, the insulation section grading ring 3 is firstly broken down, and the thunder enters the ground along electric arcs at two ends of the insulation section and the lightning protection section zinc oxide resistor disc. When lightning current is too large, the residual voltage of the lightning protection section causes breakdown of the protection gap, and the lightning current enters the ground plane along the gap arc of the protection gap, so that the zinc oxide resistance card is protected.
As shown in the flow chart of the design method of the lightning protection section protection gap of the lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator in fig. 2, the design method of the lightning protection section protection gap of the lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator is used for designing the parallel connection protection gap of the lightning protection section, when the lightning protection section of the lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator is struck by lightning with too high amplitude, the lightning breaks down along the protection gap, does not flow through the zinc oxide resistance sheet, can prevent the lightning protection section from being damaged due to too high lightning current amplitude, has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and the like, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting a lightning current protection threshold value: setting lightning current protection threshold Im(Im<150kA) when the lightning current amplitude exceeds ImThe protection gap breaks down;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) zinc oxide resistance card residual voltage test and lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve measurement: generating impact current through an impact current generator, acting on the zinc oxide resistance card, testing to obtain a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card in a large current section, and obtaining lightning protection section residual voltage under the action of different impact currents;
the step 2 specifically comprises: the surge current generator generates surge current with the waveform of 4/10 mu s pulse type, the surge current acts on a zinc oxide resistance card adopted in a lightning protection section, the amplitude of the surge current is 50-150kA, each 10kA point is tested, a brand new resistance card is adopted in each test until the zinc oxide resistance card is damaged, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card is obtained by measurement and measurement, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of a single zinc oxide resistance card is multiplied by the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the whole lightning protection section, and the volt-ampere characteristic curve is a piecewise linear function:
in the above formula, U1Denotes residual voltage, I denotes current value, a1，b1，a2，b2Linear fitting constants, I, obtained when fitting respectively to a line0The critical value of the non-linear segment and the large current segment in the current-voltage characteristic curve (see the intersection point of the two straight lines in the left graph in fig. 3).
And step 3: protection gap structure design and breakdown voltage test: considering that the polarity effect of the rod-rod electrode is small, the rod-rod electrode is adopted as a protective gap structure, pulse voltage is output through an impulse voltage generator, a breakdown voltage test is carried out, the impact flashover voltage of the rod-rod electrode under different gap distances is obtained through measurement, and a relation curve of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance is obtained.
The step 3 specifically includes: when the protective gap structure is designed, in order to realize high-flux capacity and lightning protection and anti-icing flashover function and considering small polar effect of the rod gap, the protective gap electrode structure is selected as the rod gap structure, impulse type impact voltage of 2.6/50 mu s is applied to the rod protective gap to obtain a curve of the breakdown voltage changing along with the gap distance,
fitting to obtain a calculation formula of positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance:
in the above formula, U3And U4Respectively representing the positive and negative breakdown voltages of the protection gap, d representing the protection gap distance, a3，b3，a4，b4The constants obtained by fitting are respectively.
And 4, step 4: and (3) determining a protection gap distance: according to the lightning current protection threshold ImAnd step 2, obtaining the action residual voltage U at the two ends of the lightning protection section through the lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve in the step 2mAnd according to the residual action voltage UmAnd 3, calculating a relation curve of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance to obtain a protection gap distance dm。
It should be noted that the method of the present invention is particularly suitable for being implemented by computer software, so that the above-mentioned method for designing the protection gap of the lightning protection section of the composite insulator for preventing ice flashover and lightning can be implemented by using a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium with computer instructions or a computer including a processor.
FIG. 3 shows a zinc oxide resistorThe current-voltage characteristic curve in the surge section and the relation between the gap distance and the lightning voltage amplitude. Firstly, according to the action amplitude I of lightning currentmAnd step 2, the lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve (namely the left coordinate curve in the figure 3) is sorted to obtain the action residual voltage U of the zinc oxide resistance cardmAccording to the residual voltage U of the action of the zinc oxide resistor discmAnd according to the residual action voltage UmAnd (3) calculating a relation curve (namely a right coordinate curve in the figure 3) of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltages along with the gap distance to obtain a corresponding protection distance dmSince the natural negative polarity lightning dominates the majority, the negative polarity lightning (corresponding to the voltage U) is preferred4Linear curve of (d) to perform a setting calculation. It is worth mentioning that in order to reduce the calculation amount, linear fitting calculation of the relation curve is performed, that is, the lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve in step 2 and the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage curve along with the gap distance in step 3 are both linear curves.
Finally, the description is as follows: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for designing a lightning protection gap of a lightning protection anti-icing flashover composite insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps
Step 1: setting a lightning current protection threshold value: setting lightning current protection threshold ImWhen the amplitude of the lightning current exceeds ImWhen the lightning protection section is in a lightning protection state, the protection gap of the lightning protection section is broken down;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) zinc oxide resistance card residual voltage test and lightning protection section volt-ampere characteristic curve measurement: the surge current acts on the zinc oxide resistance card, a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card in a large current section is obtained through testing, and the lightning protection section residual voltage under the action of different surge currents is obtained; the step 2 specifically comprises: the surge current generator generates surge current with the waveform of 4/10 mu s pulse type, the surge current acts on a zinc oxide resistance card adopted in a lightning protection section, the amplitude of the surge current is 50-150kA, each 10kA point is tested, a brand new resistance card is adopted in each test until the zinc oxide resistance card is damaged, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the zinc oxide resistance card is obtained by measurement, the volt-ampere characteristic curve of a single zinc oxide resistance card is multiplied by the volt-ampere characteristic curves of the whole lightning protection section, and the volt-ampere characteristic curve is a piecewise linear function:
wherein, U1Denotes residual voltage, I denotes current value, a1，b1，a2，b2Linear fitting constants, I, obtained when fitting respectively to a line0The critical value of a nonlinear section and a large current section in the volt-ampere characteristic curve;
and step 3: protection gap structure design and breakdown voltage test: adopting a rod-rod electrode as a protective gap structure, outputting pulse voltage through an impulse voltage generator, carrying out a breakdown voltage test, measuring to obtain rod-rod electrode impulse flashover voltages under different gap distances, and obtaining a relation curve of positive and negative polarity impulse flashover voltages along with the gap distances; the step 3 specifically includes: when the protective gap structure is designed, in order to realize high-current capacity and lightning protection and anti-icing flashover functions and considering that the polarity effect of the rod-rod gap is small, the protective gap electrode structure is selected as a rod-rod gap structure, pulse type impact voltage of 2.6/50 mu s is applied to the rod-rod protective gap, and a curve of breakdown voltage changing along with the gap distance is obtained;
fitting to obtain a calculation formula of positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance:
wherein, U3And U4Respectively representing the positive breakdown of the guard gapVoltage and breakdown voltage of negative polarity, d represents the protection gap distance, a3，b3，a4，b4Respectively are constants obtained by fitting;
and 4, step 4: and (3) determining a protection gap distance: according to the lightning stroke current protection threshold I in the step 1mAnd step 2, obtaining the action residual voltage U at the two ends of the lightning protection section by the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the lightning protection sectionmAnd according to the residual action voltage UmAnd 3, calculating a relation curve of the positive and negative polarity impact flashover voltage along with the gap distance to obtain a protection gap distance dm。
2. The lightning protection segment protection gap design method of claim 1, wherein the lightning strike current protection threshold I of step 1m<150kA。
3. The method for designing the lightning protection section protection gap according to claim 1, wherein the relationship curve of the positive and negative polarity impulse flashover voltages with the gap distance in the steps 3 and 4 is specifically selected as the relationship curve of the negative polarity impulse flashover voltages with the gap distance.
4. The utility model provides a lightning protection anti-icing sudden strain of a muscle synthetic insulator lightning protection section protection clearance design device which characterized in that includes:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to enable performance of the lightning protection segment protection gap design method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause a computer to perform the lightning protection segment protection gap design method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN201910669831.0A CN110444356B (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | Lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator lightning protection section protection gap design method |
| PCT/CN2020/092378 WO2021012777A1 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2020-05-26 | Method for designing protective gap of lightning-protection section of lightning-protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator |
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| CN101645579A (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-02-10 | 山东迅实电气有限公司 | Lightning prevention protective clearance for electric railway traction power supply system |
| CN106199354A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-07 | 国网浙江省电力公司金华供电公司 | Insulator chain parallel connection gaps lightning impulse effectiveness and flash-over characteristic method of testing |
| CN108920803A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | A kind of route zinc oxide lightning protection device lightning protection parameter setting method and equipment |
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| CN104701111B (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-03-22 | 河北宝凯电气股份有限公司 | Miniature circuit breaker capable of quickly breaking |
| CN106384966B (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-11-20 | 国网浙江省电力公司丽水供电公司 | Line located lightning protection administering method |
| CN108231300B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-18 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | A kind of parallel connection clearance device of anti-thunder insulator |
| CN110444356B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Lightning protection and anti-icing flashover composite insulator lightning protection section protection gap design method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101645579A (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-02-10 | 山东迅实电气有限公司 | Lightning prevention protective clearance for electric railway traction power supply system |
| CN106199354A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-07 | 国网浙江省电力公司金华供电公司 | Insulator chain parallel connection gaps lightning impulse effectiveness and flash-over characteristic method of testing |
| CN108920803A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | A kind of route zinc oxide lightning protection device lightning protection parameter setting method and equipment |
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