CN110443000A - A kind of Calculation of Oil Film Thickness method of lubricating pad tilting-type double square chamber hydrostatic thrust bearing - Google Patents
A kind of Calculation of Oil Film Thickness method of lubricating pad tilting-type double square chamber hydrostatic thrust bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110443000A CN110443000A CN201910751104.9A CN201910751104A CN110443000A CN 110443000 A CN110443000 A CN 110443000A CN 201910751104 A CN201910751104 A CN 201910751104A CN 110443000 A CN110443000 A CN 110443000A
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- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0696—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for both radial and axial load
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公布了一种油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度计算方法，可有效解决油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度计算问题，本发明采用分步叠加计算的方法对油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的轴向倾斜、径向倾斜、弹性变形进行分别计算，然后叠加三种数值得出每一点的油膜厚度值，特征在于本发明采用分步叠加计算的方式进行油膜厚度的计算，通过理论计算得出油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度范围，在使用较少数量的位移传感器情况下，得到准确的静压支承压力油膜的厚度数值，能够减少所需布置的传感器数量和避免个别位置传感器难以安装的难题，有效节省硬件和时间成本。
The invention discloses a method for calculating the oil film thickness of an oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity static pressure thrust bearing, which can effectively solve the oil film thickness calculation problem of an oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity static pressure thrust bearing. The superposition calculation method separately calculates the axial inclination, radial inclination and elastic deformation of the oil cushion tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing, and then superimposes the three values to obtain the oil film thickness value of each point, which is characterized in the present invention The oil film thickness is calculated by step-by-step superposition calculation, and the oil film thickness range of the oil cushion tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing is obtained through theoretical calculation. In the case of using a small number of displacement sensors, the accurate static pressure can be obtained. The value of the thickness of the pressure oil film on the pressure bearing can reduce the number of sensors that need to be arranged and avoid the difficulty of installing individual position sensors, effectively saving hardware and time costs.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度计算方法，属于静压支承领域。The invention relates to a method for calculating the thickness of an oil film of a static pressure thrust bearing with a tiltable oil pad and a double rectangular cavity, belonging to the field of static pressure bearings.
背景技术Background technique
油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫在运转中能够产生一定角度的倾斜，满足动压形成条件，能够形成动压补偿静压损失，提高静压轴承在高速重载工况下的运转的稳定性，经常用于大型装备的加工，受到人们的广泛青睐。The oil pad of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity static pressure thrust bearing can tilt at a certain angle during operation, which meets the conditions for dynamic pressure formation, and can form dynamic pressure to compensate for static pressure loss, improving the performance of the static pressure bearing in high-speed and heavy-load conditions. The stability of the operation under the environment is often used in the processing of large equipment, and is widely favored by people.
由于油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承能形成一定的倾角，使其每点油膜厚度并不均等，而研究油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承时经常需要知道多个点或者某区域的油膜厚度，测量油膜厚度的传感器由于安装以及轴承运转等条件的限制，只能安装特定点上，进行特定点的测量，并不能进行随意点的测量，也不能进行大量位置点的油膜厚度的测量，因此，如何计算油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度，成为了当前需解决的问题。Since the oil pad tilting double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing can form a certain inclination angle, the thickness of the oil film at each point is not equal, and it is often necessary to know multiple points when studying the oil pad tilting double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing Or the thickness of the oil film in a certain area. Due to the limitations of installation and bearing operation, the sensor for measuring the thickness of the oil film can only be installed on a specific point to measure a specific point. It cannot measure random points, nor can it measure a large number of positions. The measurement of the oil film thickness, therefore, how to calculate the oil film thickness of the oil cushion tilting double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing has become a problem to be solved at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
一种油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度计算方法，其特征在于本发明采用分步叠加计算的方式进行油膜厚度的计算，包括以下步骤：A method for calculating the oil film thickness of an oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing is characterized in that the present invention uses a step-by-step superposition calculation method to calculate the oil film thickness, including the following steps:
(1)由于油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫发生轴向和径向小角度倾斜以及一定程度弹性变形，所以油膜厚度包括中心支承处油膜厚度、绕中心支承处径向倾斜油膜厚度、绕中心支承处周向倾斜角度油膜厚度和弹性变形。(1) Since the oil pad of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing is tilted at a small angle in the axial and radial directions and elastically deformed to a certain extent, the oil film thickness includes the thickness of the oil film at the center support, the radial direction around the center support Inclined oil film thickness, circumferential inclination angle oil film thickness around the central support, and elastic deformation.
(2)油垫绕其中心支承处做小角度倾斜，但中心支承处油膜厚度不受径向和轴向倾斜的影响，也不受弹性变形的影响，不倾斜时双矩形腔静压推力轴承油腔流量可以用平行平板流量公式计算。由平行平板流量公式，推导得出流量与油膜厚度关系公式：(2) The oil pad is inclined at a small angle around its central support, but the thickness of the oil film at the central support is not affected by radial and axial inclinations, nor is it affected by elastic deformation. When not inclined, the double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing The oil chamber flow rate can be calculated with the parallel plate flow formula. From the parallel plate flow formula, the formula for the relationship between flow and oil film thickness is derived:
式中：Q为进油口总流量；P1为油腔压力；h0为油膜厚度；l为单个油腔长边长度；l1为单个油腔长边封油边宽度，B为单个油腔短边长度；b1为单个油腔短边封油边宽度；μ为液压油动力粘度。In the formula: Q is the total flow of the oil inlet; P 1 is the pressure of the oil chamber; h 0 is the thickness of the oil film; l is the length of the long side of a single oil chamber; The length of the short side of the chamber; b 1 is the width of the seal oil side on the short side of a single oil chamber; μ is the dynamic viscosity of the hydraulic oil.
(3)根据数学理论和弹性力学理论可得到(3) According to mathematical theory and elastic mechanics theory, it can be obtained
中心支承处油膜厚度：Oil film thickness at center support:
hz＝h0 h z =h 0
绕中心支撑处径向倾斜油膜厚度：Radially inclined oil film thickness around the central support:
绕中心支撑处周向倾斜油膜厚度：Circumferentially inclined oil film thickness around the central support:
弹性变形公式：Elastic deformation formula:
油膜厚度为：The oil film thickness is:
h＝hz+hr+hθ+hδ h＝h z +h r +h θ +h δ
整理得：Organized:
其中：in:
式中：hδ为油垫中心距转轴的长度；δmax为油垫最大变形挠度值；R2为油垫最大变形点的半径；h为油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度；h0为油垫支撑处油膜厚度；θ为极坐标元素；γ为极坐标元素；Mr为油垫径向倾斜角度；Mθ为油垫周向倾斜角度；其中轴向倾角和径向倾角均可根据油垫上安装的特定点的油膜厚度传感器测定数据的差值得到。In the formula: h δ is the length from the center of the oil pad to the rotating shaft; δ max is the maximum deformation deflection value of the oil pad; R 2 is the radius of the maximum deformation point of the oil pad; oil film thickness; h 0 is the oil film thickness at the oil pad support; θ is the polar coordinate element; γ is the polar coordinate element; M r is the radial tilt angle of the oil pad; M θ is the circumferential tilt angle of the oil pad; The radial inclination can be obtained from the difference of the measured data of the oil film thickness sensor at a specific point installed on the oil pad.
本发明主要采用分步叠加计算的方法进行油膜厚度的计算，解决了油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承油膜厚度的计算问题。使其可以直接通过理论计算确定油膜厚度的范围并且可以计算随机各点的油膜厚度范围；本发明能够在使用较少数量的位移传感器情况下，得到准确的静压支承压力油膜的厚度数值，相较于现有技术方案，能够减少所需布置的传感器数量和个别位置传感器难以安装的难题，有效节省硬件和时间成本。The invention mainly adopts the step-by-step superposition calculation method to calculate the thickness of the oil film, and solves the calculation problem of the thickness of the oil film of the static pressure thrust bearing with double rectangular cavities with tiltable oil pads. It can directly determine the range of oil film thickness through theoretical calculation and can calculate the range of oil film thickness at random points; the present invention can obtain accurate hydrostatic support pressure oil film thickness values under the condition of using a small number of displacement sensors. Compared with the prior art solution, it can reduce the number of sensors to be arranged and the difficulty of installing individual position sensors, effectively saving hardware and time costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1：本发明方法的计算流程图Accompanying drawing 1: the calculation flowchart of the inventive method
附图2：油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承三维结构示意图Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the oil cushion tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing
附图3：油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫和底座的结构示意图Attached Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pad and the base of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing
附图4：可倾油垫倾斜角度示意图Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the tilt angle of the tiltable oil pad
附图5：油腔内位移传感器布局示意图Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the layout of the displacement sensor in the oil chamber
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:
本实施例以油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承为例说明本发明的具体实施过程：In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of the present invention is illustrated by taking the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing as an example:
(1)油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的具体结构如图2所示，每个油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫采用两个销轴和孔的配合进行固定，并采用间隙配合实现了轴承在运转时油垫发生倾斜，满足动压形成条件使其产生动压，其油垫底部和底座结构如图3所示。(1) The specific structure of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing is shown in Figure 2. The oil pad of each oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing adopts the cooperation of two pins and holes It is fixed, and the clearance fit is used to realize the tilting of the oil pad during the operation of the bearing, which meets the conditions for the formation of dynamic pressure to generate dynamic pressure. The structure of the bottom of the oil pad and the base is shown in Figure 3.
(2)由于油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫可发生轴向和径向小角度倾斜以及一定程度弹性变形，所以油膜厚度包括中心支承处油膜厚度、绕中心支承处径向倾斜油膜厚度、绕中心支承处周向倾斜角度油膜厚度和弹性变形。油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油垫倾斜角度如图4所示。(2) Since the oil pad of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing can incline at small axial and radial angles and elastically deform to a certain extent, the thickness of the oil film includes the thickness of the oil film at the center support, the diameter around the center support The oil film thickness in the inclined direction, the oil film thickness in the circumferential inclination angle around the central support and the elastic deformation. The oil pad inclination angle of the oil pad tiltable double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing is shown in Fig. 4.
(3)油垫绕其中心支承处做小角度倾斜，但中心支承处油膜厚度不受径向和轴向倾斜的影响，也不受弹性变形的影响，不倾斜时双矩形腔静压推力轴承油腔流量可以用平行平板流量公式计算。由平行平板流量公式，推导得出流量与油膜厚度关系公式。(3) The oil pad is inclined at a small angle around its central support, but the thickness of the oil film at the central support is not affected by radial and axial inclinations, nor is it affected by elastic deformation. When not inclined, the double rectangular cavity hydrostatic thrust bearing The oil chamber flow rate can be calculated with the parallel plate flow formula. From the parallel plate flow formula, the formula for the relationship between flow and oil film thickness is derived.
式中：Q为进油口总流量；P1为油腔压力；h0为油膜厚度；l为单个油腔长边长度；l1为单个油腔长边封油边宽度，B为单个油腔短边长度；b1为单个油腔短边封油边宽度；μ为液压油动力粘度。In the formula: Q is the total flow of the oil inlet; P 1 is the pressure of the oil chamber; h 0 is the thickness of the oil film; l is the length of the long side of a single oil chamber; The length of the short side of the chamber; b 1 is the width of the seal oil side on the short side of a single oil chamber; μ is the dynamic viscosity of the hydraulic oil.
(4)根据数学理论和弹性力学理论可得到(4) According to mathematical theory and elastic mechanics theory, it can be obtained
中心支承处油膜厚度：Oil film thickness at center support:
hz＝h0 h z =h 0
绕中心支撑处径向倾斜油膜厚度：Radially inclined oil film thickness around the central support:
绕中心支撑处周向倾斜油膜厚度：Circumferentially inclined oil film thickness around the central support:
弹性变形公式：Elastic deformation formula:
油膜厚度为：The oil film thickness is:
h＝hz+hr+hθ+hδ h＝h z +h r +h θ +h δ
整理得：Organized:
其中：in:
式中：hδ为油垫中心距转轴的长度；δmax为油垫最大变形挠度值；R2为油垫最大变形点的半径；h为油垫可倾式双矩形腔静压推力轴承的油膜厚度；h0为油垫中心支撑处油膜厚度；θ为极坐标元素；γ为极坐标元素；Mr为油垫径向倾斜角度；Mθ为油垫周向倾斜角度；其中轴向倾角和径向倾角均可根据油垫上安装的特定点的油膜厚度测定的位移传感器测定数据的差值得到，如图5所示。In the formula: h δ is the length from the center of the oil pad to the rotating shaft; δ max is the maximum deformation deflection value of the oil pad; R 2 is the radius of the maximum deformation point of the oil pad; Oil film thickness; h 0 is the oil film thickness at the center support of the oil pad; θ is the polar coordinate element; γ is the polar coordinate element; M r is the radial inclination angle of the oil pad; M θ is the circumferential inclination angle of the oil pad; and the radial inclination can be obtained from the difference of the measured data of the displacement sensor measured by the thickness of the oil film at a specific point installed on the oil pad, as shown in Figure 5.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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| CN111060060A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Experimental method for obtaining appearance of oil film of static and dynamic pressure mixed bearing gap under extreme working condition |
| CN111503141A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工程学院 | Flow supply method based on sliding bearing static pressure loss |
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