CN110442888B - Suspension sledge and design method - Google Patents
Suspension sledge and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110442888B CN110442888B CN201810414012.7A CN201810414012A CN110442888B CN 110442888 B CN110442888 B CN 110442888B CN 201810414012 A CN201810414012 A CN 201810414012A CN 110442888 B CN110442888 B CN 110442888B
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Abstract
The invention provides a suspension sledge vehicle and a design method, which are realized through the steps of initial appearance design, numerical simulation, aerodynamic moment judgment, lift force judgment, aerodynamic resistance judgment, suspension sledge vehicle appearance correction and the like of the suspension sledge vehicle. According to the invention, a special suspension sledge design is adopted, and the design steps are comprehensively arranged, so that the design period is reduced, the designed suspension sledge can meet the test requirement, and the problem that the test cannot be performed due to sledge reasons is avoided, so that the test device is repeatedly designed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a suspension sledge and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-speed test devices.
Background
At present, most of rocket sled test rails at home and abroad adopt a slider-rail mode, contact between a slider and the rails is adopted, so that the sled and a task load on the sled are supported, the sled slides on the rails at a high speed under the action of power, and acceleration of the sled and the task load is realized. Because the sledge is in the high-speed running of near ground, along with the increase of running speed, the pneumatic load born by the sledge is also bigger, simultaneously because the sledge is attached to the rail and runs at a high speed, the sledge generates obvious ground effect, thereby the sledge generates larger lifting force, when the lifting force of the sledge is greater than the gravity, the impact with the rail and even the serious derailment can occur, and the sliding block of the sledge is generally limited at present, so that the sledge runs along the rail within a certain range, and the derailment phenomenon is avoided.
The invention ZL200610114636.4 'ground high-speed superconducting magnetic suspension sled test device' provides a suspension sled test device, wherein a streamlined sled body external design is adopted to reduce pneumatic load, no specific design is mentioned, the streamlined external shape is a conventional design of a high-speed moving object, and the design mode has direct influence on the design period and the safety of the test device. For the novel sledge that adopts the magnetic suspension to realize bearing, because the support rigidity coefficient of suspending device is less than the support rigidity coefficient of rail, be difficult to spacing, and the suspension clearance has increaseed the influence of aerodynamic action, needs to solve the influence that the pneumatic load of sledge caused sledge stability, realizes the high-speed stable of sledge and traveles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a suspension sledge suitable for a suspension test device, which can reduce the design cost and improve the test safety, and a design method thereof, so that the pneumatic load of the sledge is effectively reduced and the stability of the test device is improved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the design method of the suspension sledge is realized by the following steps:
firstly, designing the initial appearance of a suspension sledge;
according to the design size constraint (length, width and height basic dimensions of the suspension sledge), the initial appearance of the suspension sledge is designed, and the design size constraint of the suspension sledge is determined according to a suspension system of a suspension test. The initial appearance of the suspension sledge is generally in a cone streamline shape, and the specific design can be the appearance design of high-speed moving objects such as the existing rocket sledge.
Secondly, carrying out pneumatic characteristic analysis of the suspension sledge car under full test speed envelope and multi-state parameters by adopting a numerical simulation method to obtain pneumatic resistance, lifting force and pneumatic moment of the suspension sledge car;
the full test speed envelope refers to a speed range required for the test, and pre-specified test conditions. The multi-state parameters refer to the suspension height and the design load on the suspension sledge, wherein the suspension height and the load are test requirements and pre-specified test conditions.
The numerical simulation method is the prior art, and can be performed by adopting the existing engineering software, such as a CFD numerical simulation method and the like.
Third, judging the aerodynamic moment,
comparing the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car with the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car under the full test speed envelope and multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the aerodynamic moment are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment, turning to the fourth step, otherwise turning to the sixth step;
the maximum sustainable value of the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sled is determined according to the suspension system in the suspension test.
Fourth, judging the lifting force,
comparing the lift force of the suspension sledge vehicle with the bearable maximum value of the lift force of the suspension sledge vehicle under the full test speed envelope and the multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the lift forces are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the lift force, turning to a fifth step, otherwise turning to a seventh step;
the maximum sustainable value of the lift of the suspension sled is determined according to the suspension system in the suspension test.
Fifthly, judging the aerodynamic resistance,
comparing the aerodynamic resistance of the suspension sledge with the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic resistance of the suspension sledge under the full test speed envelope and the multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the aerodynamic resistances are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic resistance, turning to a ninth step, otherwise turning to an eighth step;
the maximum value that aerodynamic drag of the suspension sled can bear is determined according to the propulsion system in suspension test.
Sixthly, correcting the appearance of the suspension sledge, and returning to the second step;
the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car is reduced, and specific correction measures can refer to the existing aerodynamic appearance design of a high-speed moving object.
Further, in the design, the appearance of the suspension sledge which meets the condition that the aerodynamic moment can bear the maximum value can not be obtained after multiple appearance correction iterations, and the suspension system in the suspension test is possibly unreasonable in design, and the suspension system needs to be modified so that the design can be continued.
The method comprises the following steps:
a6.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge car when the aerodynamic moment does not meet the maximum value condition which can be borne by the aerodynamic moment;
the iteration number threshold is determined according to specific conditions, about 20 times is selected in general engineering design, the larger the iteration number threshold is, the more the number of iterations can be, and a designer selects according to the requirements of specific design.
A6.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
if the maximum value condition which can be born by the aerodynamic moment is met once, the accumulated times are cleared.
A6.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, and performing the step A6.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
the shape correction aims at reducing the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sled.
A6.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
and A6.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A6.4, adjusting the suspension system according to the aerodynamic moment corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design.
The purpose of the suspension system adjustment is to increase the maximum value that the aerodynamic moment can withstand, and a person skilled in the art can adjust the suspension system in different ways according to the principle and structure of the suspension system, so long as the purpose of increasing the maximum value that the aerodynamic moment can withstand can be achieved.
Seventhly, correcting the appearance of the suspension sledge, and returning to the second step;
the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the lifting force of the suspension sledge car is reduced, and specific correction measures can refer to the existing pneumatic appearance design of a high-speed moving object.
Further, as in the sixth step, the appearance of the suspension sled vehicle meeting the condition that the lifting force can bear the maximum value is not obtained after multiple appearance correction iterations, and the suspension system in the suspension test is possibly unreasonable in design and needs to be modified, so that the design is continued.
The method comprises the following steps:
a7.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge when the lifting force does not meet the maximum value condition which can be born by the lifting force;
the iteration number threshold is determined according to specific conditions, about 20 times is selected in general engineering design, the larger the iteration number threshold is, the more the number of iterations can be, and a designer selects according to the requirements of specific design.
A7.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
if the maximum value condition which can be born by the lift force is met once, the accumulated times are cleared.
A7.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, and performing the step A7.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
the shape correction aims at reducing the lifting force of the suspension sledge.
A7.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
and A7.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A7.4, adjusting the suspension system according to the lifting force corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design.
The purpose of adjusting the suspension system is to increase the maximum value that can be borne by the lift force, and a person skilled in the art can adjust the suspension system in different ways according to the principle and the structure of the suspension system, so long as the purpose of increasing the maximum value that can be borne by the lift force can be achieved.
Eighth, the appearance of the suspension sledge is corrected, and the second step is returned;
the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the aerodynamic drag of the suspension sledge car is reduced, and specific correction measures can refer to the existing aerodynamic appearance design of a high-speed moving object.
Further, as in the sixth step, the appearance of the suspension sled vehicle meeting the condition that the aerodynamic drag can bear the maximum value is not obtained after multiple appearance correction iterations, and the design of the propulsion system in the suspension test may be unreasonable, and the propulsion system needs to be modified, so that the design is continued.
The method comprises the following steps:
a8.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge when the aerodynamic drag does not meet the maximum value condition which can be borne by the aerodynamic drag;
the iteration number threshold is determined according to specific conditions, about 20 times is selected in general engineering design, the larger the iteration number threshold is, the more the number of iterations can be, and a designer selects according to the requirements of specific design.
A8.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
if the maximum value condition that aerodynamic resistance can be born is met once, the accumulated times are cleared.
A8.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, performing the step A8.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
the shape correction aims at reducing the aerodynamic drag of the suspension sledge.
A8.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
a8.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A8.4, adjusting the propulsion system according to the air resistance corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design.
The purpose of the propulsion system adjustment is to increase the maximum value that the aerodynamic drag can withstand, and a person skilled in the art can adjust the propulsion system in different ways according to the principle and structure of the propulsion system, so long as the purpose of increasing the maximum value that the aerodynamic drag can withstand can be achieved.
The sixth, seventh and eighth step of optimizing objective functions are known in the art, and may be a first-order function, a second-order function, etc., which may be selected by a person skilled in the art according to specific situations, where the optimizing objective functions in the three steps may be the same or different, and the optimizing objective functions use aerodynamic drag, lift and aerodynamic moment as variables.
Further, the optimization objective function of steps A6.4, A7.4, A8.4 is in k 1 M％、k 2 F S ％、k 3 F Z % is a function of the variables, where k 1 Is the aerodynamic moment coefficient, k 2 Is the lift coefficient, k 3 Coefficient of aerodynamic drag, k 1 >k 2 >k 3 And k is 1 +k 2 +k 3 ＝1，
M is the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car obtained by a numerical value simulation method, M max Is the maximum value that can be borne by the aerodynamic moment; />
F S Suspension sledge lifting force F obtained by numerical simulation method Smax Is the maximum value that the lift force can bear; />
F Z Pneumatic resistance F of suspension sledge obtained by numerical simulation method Zmax Is the maximum value that aerodynamic drag can bear.
And ninth, obtaining the appearance of the suspension sledge meeting the suspension system, and ending the design.
The suspension sledge is designed by adopting the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, a special suspension sledge design is adopted, and the design steps are comprehensively arranged, so that the design period is reduced, the designed suspension sledge can meet the test requirement, and the problem that the test cannot be performed due to sledge causes is avoided, so that the test device is repeatedly designed;
(2) The skid obtained by the design method can effectively reduce the pneumatic load of the skid and improve the stability of the test device;
(3) The convergence of the shape optimization is further determined in the design of the sledge, so that the design time cost is further reduced;
(4) The test device adopts a unique sledge design, and improves the stability and the test safety of the test device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view (side view) of a suspension test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view (top view) of a suspension test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view (side view) of the suspension test apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples and drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the device for suspension test comprises a suspension sledge 1, a suspension system 2 and a propulsion system 3. The suspension system comprises a suspension track and a suspension structure arranged on the suspension sledge, and can adopt an electric suspension system or a magnetic suspension system according to different suspension types, wherein the magnetic suspension system can be an electromagnetic suspension system or a permanent magnetic suspension system. The propulsion system adopts a linear motor, and can adopt a synchronous linear motor or an induction linear motor, and the synchronous linear motor has the characteristic of high efficiency under the high-speed condition, and is more suitable for high-speed propulsion. The design of the suspension system and the propulsion system can adopt the existing design mode, for example, reference can be made to the related technologies of magnetic suspension trains, high-speed rails and the like.
The design size constraint of the suspension sledge is determined according to a suspension system of a suspension test, the suspension system is a part of the suspension test, the suspension test device comprises a suspension system, a propulsion system and the suspension sledge, and before the suspension sledge is designed, the suspension system and the propulsion system are determined according to test requirements.
In this example, a magnetic levitation system is used, the levitation system 2 includes a roadbed 22 and a track system 21, and the track system 21 includes permanent magnet tracks mounted on both sides of the roadbed 22 below the sled and superconducting magnets mounted on the levitation sled. The roadbed 22 adopts a U-shaped design, the bottom is provided with a permanent magnet rail, and skid vehicles can be prevented from derailing on two sides, so that risks are reduced. In the example, the length of the permanent magnet track is 400m, the width is 1m, and the distance between the lower surface of the suspension sledge and the surface of the track is 0.0200m.
The propulsion system 3 adopts a linear motor, the propulsion force F44200N, and the total weight of the sledge and the load is 400kg considering that the maximum acceleration of the sledge is 10g in the test, so that the bearable aerodynamic resistance F < F-ma, namely f=44200-400×10×9.8=5000N.
According to the suspension system and the propulsion system, the following size constraint and maximum values of lift force, aerodynamic moment and aerodynamic resistance of the suspension sledge are determined:
1. size constraint of suspension sledge: the width of the sledge is not more than 0.96m, the length is not more than 5m, and the height is not more than 1m.
2. The maximum aerodynamic drag that the suspended sledge car can bear is 5000N, the maximum lift is 6000N, the maximum pitching moment is 1000Nm (the aerodynamic moment is divided into pitching, yawing and rolling, but because the sledge car is symmetrically designed, the yawing and rolling moments are close to 0, the aerodynamic moment in the test can be replaced by the pitching moment, which is ignored in the test).
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a suspension sled design method, which is implemented by the following steps:
1. preliminary determination of suspended sledge structure appearance
According to the related size constraint, the structural appearance of the sledge is constructed, as shown in fig. 4, the sledge head part adopts a sharp cone streamline shape, so that the pneumatic resistance is reduced, meanwhile, the sledge head part is suitable to deflect downwards, the front edge end point position is about less than 45% of the sledge height, the lifting force characteristic generated by the ground effect on the sledge head part is reduced, the tail part of the sledge is converged, the generation of separation flow is restrained, and the resistance and the unsteady aerodynamic force generated by the separation flow are reduced.
2. And (3) carrying out aerodynamic characteristic analysis of the sledge under multi-state parameters (such as suspension height, loading task load condition on the sledge and the like) by adopting a CFD numerical simulation calculation method to obtain aerodynamic resistance, lift force and aerodynamic moment conditions of the sledge.
In the example, the speed envelope is 0-1000 km/h, the speed step in the test is 200km/h, the suspension height is 0.02m, and the loading task load is 400kg.
The larger the speed range, the smaller the step selection, the more states that need to be analyzed, and the person skilled in the art will choose according to the actual test design.
Tables 1, 2 present partial CFD numerical simulation data (step 1 initial profile under test conditions as in table 1, resulting in aerodynamic properties as in table 2).
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Pneumatic resistance | Lifting force | Aerodynamic moment (Pitch) | |
| Test condition 1 | 800N | 1000N | |
| Test condition | |||
| 2 | 2000N | 3000N | |
| Test condition | |||
| 3 | 3500N | 4000N | 600Nm |
| Test condition 4 | 5500N | 6000N | 900Nm |
| Test condition 5 | 8000N | 7500N | 1300Nm |
3. Aerodynamic moment determination
And (2) compared with the maximum value which can be born by the aerodynamic moment, the aerodynamic moment obtained in the step (2) is not satisfied, the aerodynamic moment is not smaller than or equal to the maximum value which can be born by the aerodynamic moment, the initial appearance of the sledge car is adjusted, the aerodynamic moment is reduced, the iterative calculation is carried out again in the step (2), and whether the aerodynamic moment is smaller than or equal to the maximum value which can be born by the aerodynamic moment is judged again.
In order to reduce the cost of design time, the convergence of the shape optimization is carried out, in this example, the iteration number threshold is 20 times, if the number of iterations is 20 times smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment, the lift force judgment is carried out, if the number of iterations is 20 times smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment, the aerodynamic characteristics under each test condition are obtained from all the iteration numbers, and the optimization objective function value is obtained through the optimization objective function.
In this example, it is still not satisfied after 20 iterations, and k is determined 1 M％、k 2 F S ％、k 3 F Z % is the optimized objective function f=k of the variable 1 M％+k 2 F S ％+k 3 F Z The person skilled in the art can choose the appropriate variables and optimize the objective function according to his own needs.
k 1 For the aerodynamic moment coefficient, 0.5, k is chosen in this example 2 For the lift coefficient, 0.3, k is chosen in this example 3 The aerodynamic drag coefficient, in this example 0.2,
m is the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car obtained by a numerical value simulation method, M max Is the maximum value that can be borne by the aerodynamic moment; />
F S Suspension sledge lifting force F obtained by numerical simulation method Smax Is the maximum value that the lift force can bear; />
F Z Pneumatic resistance F of suspension sledge obtained by numerical simulation method Zmax Is the maximum value that aerodynamic drag can bear.
And selecting the minimum value from all the optimized objective function values, adjusting the suspension system according to the aerodynamic moment corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value (by means of enhancing the magnetic field intensity or increasing the magnet size and the like) so as to increase the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment, returning to the step 1, and redesigning, wherein the bearable maximum value of the pitching moment of the suspension sledge vehicle in the example is increased from 1000Nm to 1300Nm, and the bearable maximum value of the lifting force is 7000N.
And (3) performing step 1, step 2 and step 3, iterating for 10 times (within the range of iteration times threshold), and judging the lift force when the aerodynamic moment is smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment.
4. Lift determination
And (3) compared with the maximum value which can be born by the lift force, the lift force obtained in the step (2) is not equal to or less than the maximum value which can be born by the lift force, the appearance of the skid vehicle which meets the conditions in the step (3) is adjusted, the lift force is reduced, the step (2) is returned to carry out iterative calculation again, and whether the lift force meets the maximum value which can be born by the lift force or not is judged again.
In this example, the lift force is smaller than or equal to the sustainable maximum value of the lift force after 5 iterations, the aerodynamic resistance is judged, if the conditions are not met in the time threshold, the aerodynamic characteristics under each test condition obtained in all the iterations (the iterations performed in the lift force judging process) are subjected to the optimization objective function to obtain the optimization objective function value, and the method described in the step 3 is specifically referred to, and only when the suspension system is adjusted, the sustainable maximum value of the lift force is increased.
5. Pneumatic resistance determination
And (2) compared with the maximum value which can be born by the aerodynamic resistance, the aerodynamic resistance obtained in the step (2) is not equal to or less than the maximum value which can be born by the lift force, the appearance of the sledge which meets the conditions in the step (4) is adjusted, the aerodynamic resistance is reduced, the step (2) is returned to carry out iterative calculation again, and whether the aerodynamic resistance meets the maximum value which can be born by the aerodynamic resistance or not is judged again.
As in step 3, the convergence of the profile optimization is performed, in this example, the profile design of the skid is completed after 3 iterations, that is, the aerodynamic drag is equal to or less than the sustainable maximum value of the aerodynamic drag, and if the conditions are not satisfied within the number threshold, the aerodynamic characteristics under each test condition obtained in all the iterations (the iterations performed in the aerodynamic drag judgment process) are subjected to the optimization objective function to obtain the optimized objective function value, specifically, the method described in step 3 is referred to, only the propulsion system is adjusted, but not the suspension system is adjusted, and the purpose of increasing the sustainable maximum value of the aerodynamic drag is achieved when the propulsion system is adjusted.
The invention is not described in detail in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The design method of the suspension sledge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, designing the initial appearance of a suspension sledge;
secondly, carrying out pneumatic characteristic analysis of the suspension sledge car under full test speed envelope and multi-state parameters by adopting a numerical simulation method to obtain pneumatic resistance, lifting force and pneumatic moment of the suspension sledge car;
third, judging the aerodynamic moment,
comparing the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car with the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car under the full test speed envelope and multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the aerodynamic moment are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic moment, turning to the fourth step, otherwise turning to the sixth step;
fourth, judging the lifting force,
comparing the lift force of the suspension sledge vehicle with the bearable maximum value of the lift force of the suspension sledge vehicle under the full test speed envelope and the multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the lift forces are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the lift force, turning to a fifth step, otherwise turning to a seventh step;
fifthly, judging the aerodynamic resistance,
comparing the aerodynamic resistance of the suspension sledge with the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic resistance of the suspension sledge under the full test speed envelope and the multi-state parameters obtained in the second step, if all the aerodynamic resistances are smaller than or equal to the bearable maximum value of the aerodynamic resistance, turning to a ninth step, otherwise turning to an eighth step;
sixth, the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car is reduced, the suspension sledge car returns to the second step, the following convergence design is adopted in the sixth step,
a6.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge car when the aerodynamic moment does not meet the maximum value condition which can be borne by the aerodynamic moment;
a6.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
a6.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, and performing the step A6.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
a6.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
a6.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A6.4, adjusting the suspension system according to the aerodynamic moment corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design;
seventh, the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the lifting force of the suspension sledge car is reduced, the suspension sledge car returns to the second step, the seventh step adopts the following convergence design,
a7.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge when the lifting force does not meet the maximum value condition which can be born by the lifting force;
a7.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
a7.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, and performing the step A7.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
a7.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
a7.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A7.4, adjusting the suspension system according to the lifting force corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design;
eighth, the appearance of the suspension sledge car is corrected, the pneumatic resistance of the suspension sledge car is reduced, the suspension sledge car returns to the second step, the following convergence design is adopted in the eighth step,
a8.1, determining an iteration number threshold value of appearance correction iteration of the suspension sledge when the aerodynamic drag does not meet the maximum value condition which can be borne by the aerodynamic drag;
a8.2, accumulating the number of appearance correction times;
a8.3, before each appearance correction, judging whether the appearance correction frequency is greater than an iteration frequency threshold value, if so, not correcting the appearance, performing the step A8.4, and if not, returning to the second step after correcting the appearance;
a8.4, optimizing the aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge obtained by all numerical simulation methods through an objective function to obtain an optimized objective function value;
a8.5, selecting the minimum value from the optimized objective function values obtained in the step A8.4, adjusting the propulsion system according to the air resistance corresponding to the minimum value of the optimized objective function value, returning to the first step, and restarting the design;
and ninth, obtaining the appearance of the suspension sledge meeting the suspension system, and ending the design.
2. The method for designing a suspension sled of claim 1, wherein: the optimization objective function takes aerodynamic drag, lift force and aerodynamic moment as variables.
3. The method for designing a suspension sled of claim 1, wherein: the optimization objective function in the sixth, seventh and eighth steps may be the same or different.
4. The method for designing a suspension sled of claim 3, wherein: the optimization objective function is k 1 M％、k 2 F S ％、k 3 F Z % is a function of the variables, where k 1 Is the aerodynamic moment coefficient, k 2 Is the lift coefficient, k 3 Coefficient of aerodynamic drag, k 1 ＞k 2 ＞k 3 And k is 1 +k 2 +k 3 ＝1，
M is the aerodynamic moment of the suspension sledge car obtained by a numerical value simulation method, M max Is the maximum value that can be borne by the aerodynamic moment; />
F S Suspension sledge lifting force F obtained by numerical simulation method Smax Is the maximum value that the lift force can bear; />
F Z Pneumatic resistance F of suspension sledge obtained by numerical simulation method Zmax Is the maximum value that aerodynamic drag can bear.
5. The method for designing a suspension sled of claim 1, wherein: the threshold number of iterations in the sixth, seventh and eighth steps is not more than 20.
6. The method for designing a suspension sled of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the initial appearance of the suspension sledge car is designed according to the design size constraint of the suspension sledge car, and the design size constraint of the suspension sledge car is determined according to a suspension system of a suspension test.
7. A suspension sled obtained by the design method of any of claims 1-4.
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