CN110442423B - Method and equipment for realizing CPU reservation of virtual machine by using control group - Google Patents
Method and equipment for realizing CPU reservation of virtual machine by using control group Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing virtual machine CPU reservation by using a control group, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the core number of a host CPU and the core number of a virtual machine vCPU; dividing a host CPU into a reserved CPU and a non-reserved CPU, and dividing a virtual machine vCPU into a reserved vCPU and a non-reserved vCPU; calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU based on the number of reserved vCPU cores, the number of vCPU cores and the number of unreserved CPU cores; calculating a limit value based on the highest CPU percentage; acquiring the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding a preset value; limiting the unreserved vCPU and host processes to a highest CPU percentage in response to the total occupancy being greater than a first threshold; and limiting the unreserved vCPU to a limit value in response to the vCPU occupancy being greater than a second threshold. By using the method of the invention, the CPU reservation of the virtual machine at MHz level can be realized, all the virtual machines and the host process can not occupy the reserved CPU resource, and the maximum effect of virtual machine reservation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The field relates to the field of computers, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for implementing virtual machine reservation of CPUs using a control group.
Background
The virtual machine reserved CPU is an important resource management function of a virtualization platform, and can set a lower limit for the virtual machine to use CPU resources, so that the important virtual machine can still fully use the reserved CPU resources under the condition that the CPU resources of a host are extremely tense, and each key service can be ensured to stably and normally run, but because the KVM native interface does not have a port similar to the Xen virtual machine reserved CPU, the reservation of a physical core layer can be realized only by some other modes (such as taskset) instead of the reservation of a MHz level, and the function can only be realized by a cgroup (control group); because the cgroup does not directly provide a functional interface of the reserved CPU, the purpose of reserving the CPU of the virtual machine is achieved in a phase-changing manner by only setting the limitation of the CPU and controlling the resource utilization rate of the process of the unreserved CPU; however, at the present stage, the virtual machine reservation CPU process is realized by means of CPU restriction, whether the CPU resource usage of all the non-reservation virtual machines is restricted according to the current host CPU resource pressure state, the virtual machine reservation CPU is not considered to be restricted, or the CPU resources of some reservation virtual machines are crowded under some circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing virtual machine CPU reservation by using a control group, which can implement MHz-level virtual machine CPU reservation, ensure that all virtual machines and host processes do not occupy reserved CPU resources, and achieve the maximum effect of virtual machine reservation.
In view of the above, an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for implementing virtual machine reservation of a CPU by using a control group, including the following steps:
acquiring the core number of a host CPU and the core number of a virtual machine vCPU;
dividing a host CPU into a reserved CPU and a non-reserved CPU, and dividing a virtual machine vCPU into a reserved vCPU and a non-reserved vCPU;
calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU based on the number of reserved vCPU cores, the number of vCPU cores and the number of unreserved CPU cores;
calculating a limit value based on the highest CPU percentage;
acquiring the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding a preset value;
limiting the unreserved vCPU and host processes to a highest CPU percentage in response to the total occupancy being greater than a first threshold;
and limiting the unreserved vCPU to a limit value in response to the vCPU occupancy being greater than a second threshold.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the host process with occupancy rate exceeding the preset value comprises: host processes with occupancy rates exceeding 50%.
According to one embodiment of the invention, calculating the highest CPU percentage that an unreserved vCPU can occupy comprises: based on the formula
Calculating, wherein vmReserve is the Mhz of a reserved CPU of the virtual machine, hostcuFreq is the frequency of a host CPU, and hostcpus is the core number of the host CPU; vmi(Rescpus) number CPU reserved for the ith virtual machine and floating point number, vmi(vcpus) is the number of all virtual cores of the virtual machine.
According to one embodiment of the invention, calculating the limit value comprises: based on the formula
According to one embodiment of the invention, the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding the preset value are obtained: a TOP command query is used.
According to one embodiment of the invention, limiting the unreserved vcpus and host processes to a maximum CPU percentage includes limiting with a control group.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding the preset value are obtained: the query is made using the psutil module in python.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first threshold is a percentage of the difference between the unreserved CPU and the sum of the numbers of the individual reserved vCPU cores.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second threshold is 100% of the number of reserved vCPU cores.
According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a computer apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, the program implementing the method as described above when executed by the processor.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the method for reserving the CPU by the virtual machine by using the control group provided by the embodiment of the invention obtains the core number of the CPU of the host and the core number of the vCPU of the virtual machine; dividing a host CPU into a reserved CPU and a non-reserved CPU, and dividing a virtual machine vCPU into a reserved vCPU and a non-reserved vCPU; calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU based on the number of reserved vCPU cores, the number of vCPU cores and the number of unreserved CPU cores; calculating a limit value based on the highest CPU percentage; acquiring the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding a preset value; limiting the unreserved vCPU and host processes to a highest CPU percentage in response to the total occupancy being greater than a first threshold; in response to the fact that the vCPU occupancy rate is larger than the second threshold value, the technical scheme of limiting the unreserved vCPU to the limiting value can achieve the virtual machine CPU reservation of the MHz level, ensure that all virtual machines and host processes cannot occupy reserved CPU resources, and achieve the maximum effect of virtual machine reservation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for implementing virtual machine reservation of CPUs using control groups according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In view of the above object, in a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for implementing virtual machine reservation of a CPU by using a control group is provided. Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method.
As shown in fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
s1, acquiring the number of the CPU cores of the host and the number of the vCPU cores of the virtual machine;
s2, dividing the host CPU into a reserved CPU and a non-reserved CPU, and dividing the virtual machine vCPU into a reserved vCPU and a non-reserved vCPU;
s3, calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU based on the number of reserved vCPU cores, the number of vCPU cores and the number of unreserved CPU cores;
s4 calculating a limit value based on the highest CPU percentage;
s5, acquiring occupancy rates of all vCPU and total occupancy rates of host processes with occupancy rates exceeding preset values;
s6 limiting the unreserved vCPU and host process to the highest CPU percentage in response to the total occupancy being greater than a first threshold;
s7 limits the unreserved vCPU to a limit value in response to the vCPU occupancy being greater than a second threshold.
Aiming at the limitation of KVM virtualization on CPU resource reservation, the invention provides the method for realizing the reservation of the CPU resource of the virtual machine by utilizing the CPU limitation in the cgroup, firstly, partial logic cores (3-5) are marked out from the host to ensure that each important process in the host can normally use the CPU resource and is not influenced by the reservation function, the important processes have the physical cores (the physical cores are physically isolated by using the isolpus in the grub), and only the CPU can occupy the important processes and all other processes can not occupy the physical cores; secondly, calculating all the unreserved virtual cores and the amount of the CPU resources of the host which can be used by the unreserved virtual cores, and obtaining the maximum amount of the CPU resources which can be used by each unreserved virtual core; thirdly, counting and capturing the CPU resource utilization rate of all processes except the important process and the virtual machine process in the host in twice, and classifying the processes (such as a host CPU pressurizing script) with the CPU resource occupancy rates higher than 50% in twice counting into a restricted process; fourthly, traversing all virtual machines reserved with CPU resources, calculating the sum of the CPU occupancy rates of the virtual machines, the unreserved CPU virtual machines and the limited process, and judging whether the CPU resources reserved by other virtual machines are occupied or not; and finally, according to the conditions, the CPU resource use of each virtual machine and the host process is limited, so that the CPU reservation effect is realized.
Through the technical scheme, the CPU reservation of the virtual machine at the MHz level can be realized, all the virtual machines and the host process are ensured not to occupy the reserved CPU resource, and the maximum effect of virtual machine reservation is achieved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the host process having an occupancy exceeding a preset value includes: host processes with occupancy rates exceeding 50%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the occupancy rates of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process whose occupancy rate exceeds a preset value are obtained: a TOP command query is used. Acquiring the CPU percentages occupied by all the virtual machines and other processes of the host (except for key services), inquiring the CPU percentages occupied by all the processes, summarizing the CPU occupancy rates of all the processes of the virtual machines into a dictionary, taking out the processes with the CPU utilization rate higher than 50% inquired out of the remaining processes, inquiring the CPU occupancy rates of the processes again, and if the CPU occupancy rates are still higher than 50%, adding the processes into the virtual machine process utilization rate dictionary.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, calculating the highest CPU percentage that an unreserved vCPU can occupy comprises: based on the formula
Calculating, wherein vmReserve is the Mhz of a reserved CPU of the virtual machine, hostcuFreq is the frequency of a host CPU, and hostcpus is the core number of the host CPU; vmi(Rescpus) number CPU reserved for the ith virtual machine and floating point number, vmi(vcpus) is the number of all virtual cores of the virtual machine. If the sum of the resource occupancy rate of the current reserved CPU virtual machine and the total occupancy rate of the unreserved process does not extrude the residual reserved CPU resources, judging whether the total occupancy rate of the unreserved process extrudes all the reserved CPU resources, and if the total occupancy rate of the unreserved process extrudes all the reserved CPU resources, limiting the vCPU of all the unreserved virtual machines and the host process through cgroup.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, calculating the limit value includes: based on the formula
if the sum of the resource occupancy rate of the current reserved CPU virtual machine and the total occupancy rate of the unreserved process extrudes the residual reserved CPU resources, limiting all vCPUs of the unreserved virtual machine and the host process through cgroup, wherein the limiting value is limitstd; and continuously judging whether the utilization rate of the virtual machine of the current reserved CPU exceeds the reserved CPU resource amount, if so, carrying out cgroup limitation on each vCPU thread of the virtual machine of the current reserved CPU, wherein the limitation value is Revmlinit.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the restricting comprises restricting with a control group.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the occupancy rates of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process whose occupancy rate exceeds a preset value are obtained: the query is made using the psutil module in python.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: the above steps are performed for each vCPU.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the first threshold is a percentage of the difference between the unreserved CPU and the sum of the number of individual reserved vCPU cores.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second threshold is 100% of the number of reserved vCPU cores.
It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the above programs may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the programs may include the processes of the embodiments of the methods as described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like. The embodiments of the computer program may achieve the same or similar effects as any of the above-described method embodiments.
Furthermore, the method disclosed according to an embodiment of the present invention may also be implemented as a computer program executed by a CPU, and the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program, when executed by the CPU, performs the above-described functions defined in the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
Examples
The following is an embodiment of a method for implementing virtual machine reservation of a CPU using a control group:
the host H has 24 logic cores, 0 reserved CPUs and 24 unreserved CPUs, the CPU frequency is 3200Mhz, 9 virtual machines are totally arranged, and the reserved vCPUs and the total vCPUs are shown in the following table:
| virtual machine | VM1 | VM2 | VM3 | VM4 | VM5-9 |
| Number of reserved cores | 3.2 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 0 |
| Total number of cores | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 |
The VMs 1 to 4 reserve 10240MHz, 8960MHz, 5440MHz, and 7360MHz, respectively.
From the formula, limitstd can be calculated:
acquiring the CPU resource occupancy rates of the VMs 1-9 and the host process threads with the occupancy rate exceeding 50%, and assuming the occupancy rates are shown in the following table:
traversing reserved virtual machines VM 1-VM 4:
VM1:
VM5～VM9+threads+VM1＝1600％+100％＝1700％
1700％<(24-2.8-1.7-2.3)*100％＝1720％
and (4) no operation is executed, and judgment is continued:
VM5～VM9+threads＝1600％>(24-3.2-2.8-1.7-2.3)*100％＝1400％
limiting the CPU limit of all vCPU threads of the VM 5-VM 9 and the CPU limit of the host process to be 0.25, setting flag to be True, and starting to traverse the next virtual machine.
VM2:
VM5～VM9+threads+VM2＝1600％+300％＝1900％
1900％>(24-3.2-1.7-2.3)*100％＝1680％
The CPU limit of all vCPU threads of the VM5 to VM9 and the host process threads is limited to limit the limit to 0.25 (if flag is True, the setting is skipped).
And (4) continuing to judge:
VM2＝300％>2.8*100％＝280％
revmlimit is calculated and the individual vCPUs of the VM2 are restricted.
VM3:
VM5～VM9+threads+VM3＝1600％+50％＝1650％
1650％>(24-3.2-2.8-2.3)*100％＝1570％
The CPU limit of all vCPU threads of the VM5 to VM9 and the host process threads is limited to 0.25.
And (4) continuing to judge:
VM3＝50％>1.7*100％＝170％
and no operation is executed, and the next virtual machine is continuously traversed.
VM4:
VM5～VM9+threads+VM4＝1600％+20％＝1620％
1620％<(24-3.2-2.8-1.7)*100％＝1630％
And (4) no operation is executed, and judgment is continued:
VM5～VM9+threads＝1600％>(24-3.2-2.8-1.7-2.3)*100％＝1400％
the CPU limit of all vCPU threads of the VM5 to VM9 and the host process threads is limited to limit the limit to 0.25 (if flag is True, the setting is skipped).
And after the traversal is completed, the CPU reservation starts to take effect.
Through the limitation of the cgroup, the virtual machine and the host process can be directly limited, and the reservation effect of the MHz level can be achieved.
Because the scheme still achieves the effect of reservation through the limitation of the CPU, the negative influence caused by reservation can be reduced through various logic judgments in the third step.
Based on the same inventive concept, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer apparatus or system, including: at least one processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program operable on the processor, the processor executing the program to perform the steps of any of the above methods for implementing a virtual machine reservation of a CPU using a control group.
It should be particularly noted that the embodiment of the system described above employs the embodiment of the method described above to specifically describe the working process of each module, and those skilled in the art can easily think that the modules are applied to other embodiments of the method described above.
Further, the above-described method steps and system elements or modules may also be implemented using a controller and a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for causing the controller to implement the functions of the above-described steps or elements or modules.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as software or hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiments described above, particularly any "preferred" embodiments, are possible examples of implementations and are presented merely to clearly understand the principles of the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the technology described herein. All such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for realizing virtual machine reservation of a CPU by using a control group is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the core number of a host CPU and the core number of a virtual machine vCPU;
dividing the host CPU into a reserved CPU and a non-reserved CPU, and dividing the virtual machine vCPU into a reserved vCPU and a non-reserved vCPU;
calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU based on the number of reserved vCPU cores, the number of vCPU cores and the number of unreserved CPU cores, and based on a formula
Calculating the highest CPU percentage occupied by the unreserved vCPU, wherein vmReserve is the Mhz of the reserved CPU of the virtual machine, hostcpurFreq is the frequency of the CPU of the host, and hostcpus is the core number of the CPU of the host; vmi(Rescpus) number CPU reserved for the ith virtual machine and floating point number, vmi(vcpus) is the number of all virtual cores of the virtual machine;
calculating a limit value based on the maximum CPU percentage, based on a formula
acquiring the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with the occupancy rate exceeding a preset value;
in response to the total occupancy being greater than a first threshold, limiting the unreserved vCPU and the host process to the highest CPU percentage;
and limiting the unreserved vCPU to the limit value in response to the vCPU occupancy being greater than a second threshold.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the host process having an occupancy exceeding a preset value comprises: host processes with occupancy rates exceeding 50%.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized by obtaining the occupancy rate of each vCPU and the total occupancy rate of the host process with occupancy rate exceeding a preset value: a TOP command query is used.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein limiting the unreserved vCPU and the host process to the highest CPU percentage comprises: the restriction is performed with a control group.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the vCPU occupancy and the total occupancy of the host process with the occupancy exceeding a preset value comprises: the query is made using the psutil module in python.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first threshold is a percentage of a difference between the unreserved CPU and a sum of numbers of each of the reserved vCPU cores.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second threshold is 100% of the reserved vCPU cores.
8. A computer device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, the program implementing the method of any one of claims 1-7 when executed by the processor.
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