CN110441028A - The experimental provision on landslide and impact caused by a kind of sand liquefaction of analog seabed - Google Patents
The experimental provision on landslide and impact caused by a kind of sand liquefaction of analog seabed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110441028A CN110441028A CN201910628891.8A CN201910628891A CN110441028A CN 110441028 A CN110441028 A CN 110441028A CN 201910628891 A CN201910628891 A CN 201910628891A CN 110441028 A CN110441028 A CN 110441028A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses landslide caused by a kind of sand liquefaction of analog seabed and the experimental provisions impacted, including automatic sander, liquefaction of soil mass device, measuring system, data collection system, loop wheel machine and rack for putting experimental provision.Loop wheel machine is for being lifted sink to specified angle.Automatic sander is mounted on right above sink, and for generating the sand sample in sliding slot, wherein jack is mounted on above sink bracket, is connected with hydraulic control system, and jack can produce standing wave, make liquefaction of soil mass, is flowed, and impacts submarine pipeline.The kinetic characteristic of slip mass and the load-bearing of submarine pipeline are monitored by various kinds of sensors.The high speed camera at sink side and top is used to record the motion morphology of slip mass.The present apparatus monitors the destruction of submarine pipeline after submarine landslide may be implemented, and by comparing the data of load cases combination, obtains the kinetic characteristic of slip mass and the mechanism with works effect, provides the foundation and guidance of science for the prevention and treatment of submarine landslide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean engineering construction fields, and in particular in a kind of simulated sea bottom landslide caused by sand liquefaction and
To the experimental provision of works impact, to the load of submarine pipeline impact after can be used for coming down in indoor measurement seabed, it is
Ocean engineering construction provides certain guidance.
Background technique
The energy extremely abundant, including offshore oil, natural gas, combustible ice, the ocean renewable sources of energy (wind are contained in ocean
Energy, tide energy, marine tidal-current energy and wave energy) etc..Ocean engineering construction for the purpose of exploitation, utilization, protection, recovery marine resources
It is the important directions of China's economic development.In the disaster factors for influencing ocean Lu Po geology Environmental security, submarine landslide
It is that there is the maximum one kind of direct activity, harmfulness.Its generation can not only remold the area Lu Po geological environment, serious to destroy
The critical facilities such as oil and gas development platform, oil-gas pipeline, seabed communication cable cause huge difficulty to ocean engineering construction；Also
A large amount of decomposition that natural gas hydrate resources can be caused, cause the deterioration of marine environment, cause wave vortex and tsunami.Namely
Say the geological disaster risk for influencing to control a region caused by submarine landslide in itself.Therefore, it in depth grinds comprehensively
Forming Mechanism, influence factor and the risk evaluating method for studying carefully cognition coastal waters landslide, for ensureing the exploitation of China's marine energy, sea
Job facilities construction in foreign space utilization is significant.
The geometric shape consciousness on landslide, structural analysis and triggering factors are concentrated mainly on to the research of submarine landslide at present
Qualitative research etc., but due to the difficulty of research, for the quantitative study of submarine landslide, Landslide Mechanism and dynamic (dynamical) number
Value-physics aspect still has many work to do.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide come down caused by a kind of sand liquefaction of analog seabed
With the experimental provision of impact, certain guidance is provided for the solution submarine landslide disaster problem of engineering further.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Landslide caused by sand liquefaction and the experimental provision to works impact in a kind of simulated sea bottom, including automatic stucco
Device, liquefaction of soil mass device, measuring system, data collection system, loop wheel machine and the rack for putting experimental provision；Loop wheel machine and solid
Fixed board one end is connected, and measuring system is connected with data collection system；The rack includes column, cushion cap, multiple sink brackets, sets
The fixed plate being placed on cushion cap and the sink being fixed in fixed plate；Column is located at the centre of loop wheel machine and sink and is fixed on vertically
In fixed plate；Multiple sink brackets are weldingly fixed on sink；Automatic sander includes the motor hopper downward with outlet, institute
It states hopper one end to be connected to the motor, motor is fixed on column by a spiral shell button；Hopper exit is provided with a piston；The soil
Body liquefying plant includes two opposite jack of the direction of motion and the hydraulic control system for controlling jack movement；Two
Jack is sequentially fixed at sink top downward, by sink bracket, and jack and automatic sander are located at the same side；Hydraulic control
System processed is fixed on sink bracket；The measuring system includes putting submarine pipeline in the sink, for measuring Submarine Pipeline
The axial force sensor of road load-bearing, the displacement sensor of flow depth for measuring slip mass, the sensor for pore water pressure for monitoring pore pressure,
Multiple high speed cameras for measuring the flexure element of liquefaction of sand situation and for recording the nowed forming in sink；Axle power sensing
Device is fixed on submarine pipeline surface, and the installation site of displacement sensor and particle protractor sensor is located at automatic sander
The same side is fixed on sink top by sink bracket；Sensor for pore water pressure is mounted on bottom of gullet, and flexure element is mounted on automatic stucco
Below device on the side wall of sink；Multiple high speed cameras are fixed on sink bracket, high speed camera at least one be mounted on from
The sink top of dynamic sander the same side, at least one is mounted on the basin sidewall around submarine pipeline.
Further, the hopper exit lower end is also equipped with slipping through the net for a partial size for controlling whereabouts sand.
Further, data collection system includes computer and data collecting instrument.Data collecting instrument connects each sensor,
Computer data is analyzed and processed and is issued according to user setting and instructed.
Further, the experimental provision further includes the headlamp being mounted on around high speed camera.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: experimental provision of the invention, which makes wave by jack and sink, generates different wave height
Wave, the flexure element of basin sidewall can monitor the hole variation of sand sample, be the Degree of Liquefaction even submarine landslide of sand sample
Occur to provide certain assessment.Later, slip mass under the effect of gravity can slide downward, impact seafloor structure such as Submarine Pipeline
Road, and axle power dynamometer can recorde the impact load that works is subject to, while other sensors can monitor other states
Amount, high speed camera directly have recorded the whole process that slip mass impacts seafloor structure.Therefore the water tank device is that quantization is slided
The effect of slopes and works provides possibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is push-plate type wave maker schematic illustration；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention (front elevation)；
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram of the invention (top view)；
Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of the invention (side view)；
Fig. 5 is flow chart of data processing figure of the invention；
Wherein, the fixed bracket of 1. sink brackets, 2. high speed cameras, 3. high speed cameras, 4. submarine pipelines, 5. axle powers sensing
Device, 6. cushion caps, 7. particle protractor sensors, 8. headlamps, 9. sensor for pore water pressure, 10. displacement sensors, 11. hydraulic controls
System, 13. fixed plates, 14. hoppers, 15. sand samples, 16. columns, 17. pistons, 18. is slipped through the net, 19. spiral shell buttons, 20. at 12. jack
Motor, 21. suspension hooks, 22. lifting ropes, 23, hanging ring, 24. flexure elements.
Specific embodiment
Due to the uniqueness and uncontrollability of sea-floor relief and the high cost-effectivenes of large-scale submarine landslide experiment, to hinder
Hinder the understanding of the generation to submarine landslide and the mechanism of action of slip mass and seafloor structure, it can not be to submarine landslide disaster
Prevention and treatment reasonable guidance is provided.At present in spite of the qualitative field inspection in some submarine landslides as a result, still we there is still a need for
The quantitative criteria of science is provided by largely determining quantifier elimination for the generation of submarine landslide and impact process.And it is repeatable and controllable
The indoor small flume experiment of system provides possibility for the impact mechanism that we recognize slip mass.
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, landslide caused by sand liquefaction and the experiment dress to works impact in a kind of simulated sea bottom
It sets, including automatic sander, liquefaction of soil mass device, measuring system, data collection system, loop wheel machine and for putting experimental provision
Rack；Loop wheel machine is connected with 13 one end of fixed plate, and measuring system is connected with data collection system；The rack include column 16,
Cushion cap 6, sink bracket 1, the fixed plate 13 being seated on cushion cap 6 and the sink being fixed in fixed plate 13；Column 16, which is located at, to be hung
The centre of machine and sink is simultaneously fixed in fixed plate 13 vertically；Sink bracket 1 is weldingly fixed on sink；Automatic sander packet
It includes motor and exports downward hopper 14, described 14 one end of hopper is connected to the motor, and motor is fixed on column 16 by a spiral shell button
On；14 exit of hopper is provided with a piston 17；The liquefaction of soil mass device includes two opposite jack of the direction of motion 12
And the hydraulic control system for controlling the movement of jack 12；Two jack 12 downward, are sequentially fixed at by sink bracket 1
Sink top, jack 12 and automatic sander are located at the same side；Hydraulic control system is fixed on sink bracket 1；The survey
Amount system includes putting submarine pipeline 4 in the sink, the axial force sensor 5 for measuring 4 load-bearing of submarine pipeline, for measuring
The displacement sensor 10 of the flow depth of slip mass, the sensor for pore water pressure 9 for monitoring pore pressure, for measuring the curved of liquefaction of sand situation
Bent member 24 and multiple high speed cameras 3 for recording the nowed forming in sink；Axial force sensor 5 is fixed on 4 table of submarine pipeline
The installation site of face, displacement sensor 10 and particle protractor sensor 7 and automatic sander are located at the same side, pass through sink
Bracket 1 is fixed on sink top；Sensor for pore water pressure 9 is mounted on bottom of gullet, and flexure element 24 is mounted on water below automatic sander
On the side wall of slot；Multiple high speed cameras 3 are fixed on sink bracket 1, high speed camera 3 at least one be mounted on and automatic stucco fill
The sink top of the same side is set, at least one is mounted on the basin sidewall around submarine pipeline 4.
Standing wave is generated using the reciprocating motion of jack in the present invention, so that sand liquefaction process in simulated sea bottom, makes
Wave principle close to push-plate type wave maker principle, as shown in Figure 1.Currently, linear theory is widely used in The in wave flume
method and properties of waves generated by serpent-type wave-maker、Extension
of the effective test area of multi-directional waves by side wall
Reflections., Analysis of wave generators and absorbers in basins., ignores fluid
Viscosity and compressibility, based on microwave theory, Zhang Yi (2017) et al. proposes wave maker maximum load power P(max)With make
The relationship of wave parameter:
S in formulamaxIndicate the range of wave；FmaxIndicate maximum load power；FpmaxIndicate maximum wave pressure.Wherein Smax,
Fmax,FpmaxCalculating formula is as follows:
Fpmax=ω Smax×Da×d
In formula, HbIndicate maximum broken wave height, A indicates that push wave plate moves the half to be formed；M indicates wave maker motion structure
Quality；The angular frequency of ω expression wave；The width of d expression push wave plate；Da,maFor intermediate variable.
In formula, ρ indicates the density of water；K is wave number；H is the depth of water；knIt is determined for intermediate variable by following formula:
ω2+kng tan(knH)=0
Therefore, the present apparatus makes wave by jack 12 can produce the wave of different wave length and wave height in sink, simulate
Practical wave can monitor that the hole of sand sample 15 becomes to the function and effect of seabed sand sample, and by the flexure element 24 of basin sidewall
Change, provides certain assessment for the Degree of Liquefaction even submarine landslide of sand sample.Later, slip mass under the effect of gravity can
Slide downward impacts seafloor structure such as submarine pipeline 4, and axial force sensor 5 can recorde the impact lotus that works is subject to
It carries, provides quantitative criteria for assessment seabed sand sample Degree of Liquefaction.Other sensors can monitor other quantity of states simultaneously, high speed
Camera directly has recorded the whole process that slip mass impacts seafloor structure.
Preferably, 14 exit lower end of hopper be also equipped with a partial size for controlling whereabouts sand slip through the net 18.
The experimental provision further includes the headlamp 8 being mounted on around high speed camera 3, is used for light filling, and camera is made to take the photo come
It is more clear.
In addition, as shown in figure 5, data collection system includes computer, program controlled software and data collecting instrument.Data are adopted
Collect instrument and connect each sensor, the data of acquisition is transmitted to computer, data are analyzed and processed by program software.
Brief description once uses the experimentation of apparatus of the present invention:
Height of the automatic sander on column 16 is adjusted by spiral shell button 19, headlamp 8 is also mounted at sink bracket 1
On, axial force sensor 5 is fixed on 4 surface of submarine pipeline, the installation site of displacement sensor 10 and particle protractor sensor 7
It is located at the same side with automatic sander, sink top is fixed on by sink bracket 1；Sensor for pore water pressure 9 is mounted on bottom of gullet,
Flexure element 24 is mounted below automatic sander on the side wall of sink；By each sensor and data collection system and computer phase
Even；High speed camera 3 is fixed on sink bracket 1, and one is mounted on the sink top with automatic sander the same side, an installation
On the basin sidewall around submarine pipeline 4.
Sand is put into hopper, the motor 20 connecting with hopper 14 is opened, according to the compactness of sand, adjusts motor 20
Vibration frequency, open 14 bottom of hopper piston 17, sand can free-falling under the effect of gravity, can according to need simultaneously
Adjust 14 bottom of hopper slip through the net 18 hole, control whereabouts sand partial size；
After sand sample covers flexure element 24, sand sample 15 is generated, and fixed plate 13, which is lifted, by loop wheel machine makes device be lifted to phase
Angle is answered, is then slowly injected into water to being totally submerged sand sample 15 from the low one end of sink；
After the water surface are static, two jack 12 are controlled by hydraulic control system and are pumped, standing wave is generated,
Until liquefaction of soil mass is flowed, landslide and the impact to works caused by the liquefaction of sand sample soil in simulated sea bottom.Entire mistake
Journey measures the flow depth of slip mass by the displacement sensor 10 of measuring system, and axial force sensor 5 measures the load-bearing of submarine pipeline 4,
Sensor for pore water pressure 9 monitors pore pressure, and particle protractor sensor 7 measures the distribution of the particle of slip mass, flexure element 24 measures sand
Degree of Liquefaction and by high speed camera 3 record sink in nowed forming, motion morphology and submarine pipeline 4 including slip mass
Deformation form etc..And related data is obtained by data collection system.One group of experiment is completed, and control loop wheel machine falls fixed plate
13, so that sink is restored horizontal position, carefully clears up sink, prepare next group of experiment.
By the way that the sand sample of different gradation and compactness, the operating condition of the sink of different angle are arranged in different experiment groups
Combination obtains a large amount of detailed measurement data, compares and analyzes to data, the kinetic characteristic of available slip mass and with knot
The mechanism of structure object effect provides the foundation and guidance of science for the prevention and treatment of submarine landslide.
Claims (4)
1. landslide caused by sand liquefaction and the experimental provision to works impact in a kind of analog seabed, which is characterized in that
Including automatic sander, liquefaction of soil mass device, measuring system, data collection system, loop wheel machine and for putting experimental provision
Rack；Loop wheel machine is connected with fixed plate (13) one end, and measuring system is connected with data collection system；The rack includes column
(16), cushion cap (6), sink bracket (1), the fixed plate (13) being seated on cushion cap (6) and the water being fixed on fixed plate (13)
Slot；Column (16) is located at the centre of loop wheel machine and sink and is fixed on fixed plate (13) vertically；Multiple sink bracket (6) welding are solid
It is scheduled on sink；Automatic sander includes the motor hopper (14) downward with outlet, described hopper (14) one end and motor phase
Even, motor is fixed on column (16) by a spiral shell button；Hopper (14) exit is provided with a piston (17)；The liquefaction of soil mass
Device includes two opposite jack of the direction of motion (12) and the hydraulic control system for controlling jack (12) movement；Two
A jack (12) is sequentially fixed at sink top downward, by sink bracket (1), and jack (12) is located at automatic sander
The same side；Hydraulic control system is fixed on sink bracket (1)；The measuring system includes the submarine pipeline put in the sink
(4), the displacement sensor of the flow depth for measuring the axial force sensor (5) of submarine pipeline (4) load-bearing, for measuring slip mass
(10), for monitoring the sensor for pore water pressure (9) of pore pressure, the flexure element (24) for measuring liquefaction of sand situation and for recording water
Multiple high speed cameras (3) of nowed forming in slot；Axial force sensor (5) is fixed on submarine pipeline (4) surface, displacement sensor
(10) and the installation site of particle protractor sensor (7) and automatic sander are located at the same side, are consolidated by sink bracket (1)
It is scheduled on sink top；Sensor for pore water pressure (9) is mounted on bottom of gullet, and flexure element (24) is mounted on sink below automatic sander
On side wall；Multiple high speed cameras (3) are fixed on sink bracket (1), high speed camera (3) at least one be mounted on and automatic stucco
The sink top of device the same side, at least one is mounted on the basin sidewall around submarine pipeline (4).
2. a kind of experimental provision as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that hopper (14) exit lower end is also equipped with one
Partial size for controlling whereabouts sand slips through the net (18).
3. a kind of experimental provision as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that data collection system includes that computer and data are adopted
Collect instrument.Data collecting instrument connects each sensor, and the data of acquisition are transmitted to computer analysis processing.
4. a kind of experimental provision as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the experimental provision further includes being mounted on high speed phase
Headlamp (8) around machine (3).
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Cited By (7)
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| CN110749725A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-04 | 大连理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for monitoring transportation process of landslide quality on seabed |
| CN111594157A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-28 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating seabed slope instability caused by combustible ice decomposition under complex terrain condition |
| CN111948375A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-17 | 南昌大学 | Monitoring and early warning experimental device for simulating soil liquefaction |
| CN112734081A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 福建工程学院 | Prediction method of impact force of landslide collapse block on submarine pipeline |
| CN113552026A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-26 | 河海大学 | Non-invasive oscillation water tank for detecting liquefaction of bottom bed by virtue of wave and using method of oscillation water tank |
| CN114018539A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-02-08 | 山东大学 | Seabed oil and gas pipeline stability model test device and test method |
| CN114324820A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device for simulating overall process of weakening of seabed gas-containing slope and landslide |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110749725A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-04 | 大连理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for monitoring transportation process of landslide quality on seabed |
| CN111594157A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-28 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating seabed slope instability caused by combustible ice decomposition under complex terrain condition |
| CN111948375A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-17 | 南昌大学 | Monitoring and early warning experimental device for simulating soil liquefaction |
| CN112734081A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 福建工程学院 | Prediction method of impact force of landslide collapse block on submarine pipeline |
| CN112734081B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-21 | 福建工程学院 | Prediction method of impact force of landslide collapse block on submarine pipeline |
| CN113552026A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-26 | 河海大学 | Non-invasive oscillation water tank for detecting liquefaction of bottom bed by virtue of wave and using method of oscillation water tank |
| CN114018539A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-02-08 | 山东大学 | Seabed oil and gas pipeline stability model test device and test method |
| CN114018539B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-08-29 | 山东大学 | Submarine oil and gas pipeline stability model test device and test method |
| CN114324820A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device for simulating overall process of weakening of seabed gas-containing slope and landslide |
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