CN110439941B

CN110439941B - High-stability cast forging type impact welding brake shoe

Info

Publication number: CN110439941B
Application number: CN201910769890.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康中帝; 刘学义; 许达生
Original assignee: Chongqing Zhongdi Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Zhongdi Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-20
Filing date: 2019-08-20
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-20
Also published as: CN110439941A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical braking, and particularly discloses a high-stability cast forging type impulse welding brake shoe which comprises a rib plate formed by casting and a shoe plate formed by stamping, wherein the rib plate is vertically welded in the middle of the shoe plate, a plurality of convex edges are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate, a depression is formed between the adjacent convex edges, the projections of the convex edges at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate on the vertical direction are not overlapped, and a welding seam is formed between the adjacent convex edges when the rib plate is welded with the shoe plate. By adopting the scheme of the invention, the advantages of the cast shoe and the stamping and welding shoe are perfectly combined. The brake completely meets the use requirement of the brake, and simultaneously generates great economic benefit through process innovation.

Description

High-stability cast forging type impact welding brake shoe

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical braking, and particularly relates to a high-stability cast forging type impact welding brake shoe.

Background

The brake is used as a safety part for automobile running, plays an important role in automobile deceleration and braking, and the brake shoe is an important component of the brake. The drum brake obtains braking force by pressing a brake drum with brake shoes, and can be divided into an inner expanding type and an outer bundling type. The internal expanding drum brake is widely used on modern automobiles, wherein the internal cylindrical surface of a brake drum is used as a working surface, and a brake shoe extrudes the internal cylindrical surface of the brake drum to realize braking.

The brake shoe of the existing internal expanding drum brake comprises a shoe plate and a rib plate, wherein a friction layer is arranged on the shoe plate and is used for being in contact with a brake drum and braking through friction. In order to ensure that a brake shoe has better rigidity and stability in the prior art, a shoe plate and a rib plate are usually integrally cast and formed, but the problems existing in integral casting are as follows: the weight is large; the casting process is complex; once technological defects occur in the machining process, integral casting is needed, and the cost is high. In order to solve the problems caused by integral casting, the prior art also provides a technical means of respectively processing the rib plate and the shoe plate and then connecting the rib plate and the shoe plate together, but the connection stability of the rib plate and the shoe plate is difficult to ensure, so that the stability of the processed brake shoe is not satisfied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-stability cast forging type press-welding brake shoe to solve the problem that the connection stability of a rib plate and a shoe plate is difficult to guarantee.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: high stability cast forging formula impulse welding brake shoe, including the gusset that adopts cast molding and the hoof board that adopts stamping forming, the gusset vertical welding is at the hoof board middle part, and the upper and lower both ends of gusset all are equipped with a plurality of beads, form between the adjacent bead sunken, and the bead of gusset upper and lower extreme is at vertical projection misalignment, and when gusset and hoof board welded, the welding seam was between adjacent bead.

The theory of operation and the beneficial effect of this basic scheme lie in:

in the scheme, the shoe plate is manufactured by adopting a stamping process, the manufactured shoe plate is low in weight, the rib plate is still formed by casting, and compared with the brake shoe manufactured by completely using the stamping process, the brake shoe manufactured by the scheme is high in strength. Through the combination of casting and stamping processes, the advantages of good rigidity and stable performance of the traditional cast brake shoe are achieved, the advantage of light weight of the stamping and welding brake shoe is also taken into consideration, the advantages of the cast brake shoe and the stamping and welding brake shoe are perfectly combined through specific production manufacturing and welding processes, the use requirement of the brake is completely met, and meanwhile, great economic benefits are generated through process innovation.

During welding, the welding seams are arranged between the adjacent convex edges, namely the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate are all welded, and the welding is segmented. The reason is that cracks or microcracks are easily formed at the welding seam during welding, and if the whole welding seam is directly welded at the joint of the rib plate and the shoe plate, once cracks occur at a certain position, the whole welding seam is cracked due to crack expansion. In this scheme, can avoid above-mentioned condition through the segmentation welding, and realize the segmentation through the bead, the welding seam part between adjacent bead is equivalent to the concave of welding between adjacent bead, can avoid the welding seam to drop to a certain extent. And both ends all set up the bead and carry out two-sided welding about the gusset, also can guarantee the welded steadiness, and then strengthen the stability that hoof board and gusset are connected.

Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the shoe plate, and bulges which can be clamped into the grooves are arranged on the rib plate.

Has the advantages that: before welding, the bulge is clamped into the groove, and the connection stability of the rib plate and the shoe plate is improved in a clamping and welding mode. In addition, a plurality of bulges and grooves are arranged for clamping connection, when the brake shoe is braked, the stress of the shoe plate generates a rotary motion trend, the joint of the shoe plate and the rib plate is pulled to a certain degree, the joint can bear larger pulling force through the convex clamping connection, the falling of a welding line caused by pulling is reduced to a certain degree, and the service life of the brake shoe is further prolonged.

Furthermore, the bulges are all positioned at the sunken positions on the rib plates, and the upper surfaces or the lower surfaces of the bulges are flush with the sunken positions.

Has the advantages that: the upper surface or the lower surface of the protrusion is flush with the recess, so that when welding is performed, welding wires can flow into the gap between the protrusion and the groove along the surface of the protrusion to a certain extent when being melted, and the connection stability of welding is improved.

Furthermore, one side of the protrusion close to the recess is inclined, and one end of the protrusion close to the rib plate is a higher end.

Has the advantages that: through setting up the surface of slope, the welding wire of being more convenient for when the welding stretches into between arch and the recess, because the welding wire solidifies the required time shorter after melting, only relies on in its self mobility inflow recess, the effect is difficult to reach the expectation, leads through the surface of slope in this scheme for in the molten welding wire flows into the recess more easily.

Furthermore, a plurality of synapses are arranged on the inclined plane of the bulge.

Has the advantages that: and synapse is arranged, so that the connection strength between the welding seam material and the rib plate is increased during welding.

Further, the synapse tips are attached to the groove top walls.

Has the advantages that: the molten wire flows along the surface of the projection to weld the synapse and groove together, the synapse serving to increase the strength of the connection.

Further, the groove is obliquely arranged on one surface close to the synapse and is consistent with the inclination angle of the convex surface.

Has the advantages that: in order to ensure that the synapses are attached to the top wall of the groove, the top wall of the groove is obliquely arranged, so that the synapses are consistent in size, processing is facilitated, and the processing difficulty is reduced.

Furthermore, the rib plate is provided with a plurality of through holes.

Has the advantages that: the weight of the rib plate can be reduced by arranging the through holes, and meanwhile, the material consumption is reduced during casting, and the cost is reduced.

Furthermore, the through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rib plate.

Has the advantages that: avoid the lower intensity that this department's through-hole is more leads to.

Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are arranged between every two adjacent through holes.

Has the advantages that: the strength of the rib plate is increased by arranging the reinforcing ribs.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a high stability cast forged press welded brake shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rib plate in the high-stability cast forging type press-welding brake shoe according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side partial cross-sectional view of a high stability cast-forged press welded brake shoe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a jig in embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a jig in embodiment 2 of the invention;

fig. 7 is a front partial sectional view of a jig in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the piston type pneumatic brake device comprises a rotating shaft 1, a fixing plate 2, a clamping block 3, a bolt 4, a piston barrel 5, a piston rod 6, a rack 7, a first gear 8, a second gear 9, a third gear 10, a shoe plate 11, a rib plate 12, a through hole 13, a rib 14, a reinforcing rib 15, an air outlet pipe 16, a protrusion 17, a groove 18 and a synapse 19.

Example 1

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the high-stability cast-forged impact-welded brake shoe comprises a rib plate 12 and a shoe plate 11, wherein the rib plate 12 is processed by adopting a casting process, the rib plate 12 is cast by adopting a ZG270-480H-GB/T7659 material, and a filling agent for casting is added in the casting process, so that the casting defect is improved, and the welding performance is improved. And normalizing the cast rib plate 12. A plurality of through holes 13 are uniformly distributed on the rib plate 12 along the circumferential direction, reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged between every two adjacent through holes 13, ribs 14 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate 12, a depression is formed between every two adjacent ribs 14, the projections of the ribs 14 at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate 12 on the vertical direction do not coincide, and the vertical direction in the application is the width direction of the shoe plate 11.

The shoe plate 11 is made of high-strength steel 600L-GB/T3273 through stamping, the thickness of the shoe plate 11 is reduced to 6mm from 7.5mm in the prior art, the weight of a product is effectively reduced while the strength of the shoe plate 11 is improved, and process holes (used for connecting and installing brake shoes and the like) in the shoe plate 11 are formed through multiple times of punching so as to guarantee the size precision of the process holes.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of grooves 18 are formed in the shoe plate 11, protrusions 17 capable of being clamped into the grooves 18 are formed in the rib plate 12, the protrusions 17 are located in the concave portions of the rib plate 12, because the concave portions of the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate 12 do not coincide in vertical projection, when the protrusions 17 are located in the concave portions of the upper end of the rib plate 12, the upper surface of each protrusion 17 is flush with the concave portion of the upper end of the rib plate 12, when the protrusions 17 are located in the concave portions of the lower end of the rib plate 12, the lower surface of each protrusion 17 is flush with the concave portion of the lower end of. Taking the protrusion 17 shown in fig. 3 as an example, the upper surface of the protrusion 17 is inclined, the left end is a high end, a plurality of synapses 19 are arranged on the inclined surface of the protrusion 17, the upper surface of the groove 18 is also inclined and has an inclination angle consistent with that of the surface of the protrusion 17, and the top end of the synapse 19 is attached to the top wall of the groove 18.

Gusset 12 vertical welding is in the middle part of hoof board 11, it is concrete, use anchor clamps fixed gusset 12 and hoof board 11 as shown in fig. 5, anchor clamps are installed on weldment work platform, including rotating pivot 1 of connection on the workstation, pivot 1 left end is fixed with fixed plate 2, fixed plate 2 is the arc with hoof board 11 matched with, both ends are all rotated and are connected with the swivel pin about fixed plate 2, be fixed with clamp splice 3 on the swivel pin, the one end threaded connection that the swivel pin was kept away from to clamp splice 3 has bolt 4, when pressing from both sides tight hoof board 11 and gusset 12, fixed plate 2 pastes with hoof board 11 mutually, the swivel pin rotates, make clamp splice 3 can block bead 14, bolt 4 screws, make bolt 4 tip support on bead 14, realize fixing to hoof board 11 and gusset 12. The fixture further comprises supporting rods in vertical sliding connection, and when the rib plates 12 are placed, the rib plates 12 are clamped vertically through the sliding of the two supporting rods.

During specific welding, the temperature of a welding environment is kept stable, the rib plate 12 and the shoe plate 11 are fixed by using a clamp, the protrusion 17 is clamped in the groove 18, welding is carried out by using a welding robot, segmentation is realized by the convex ribs 14, the part of a welding seam between the adjacent convex ribs 14 is equivalent to a concave part welded between the adjacent convex ribs 14, the welding seam can be prevented from falling off to a certain extent, during welding, the end part of a welding wire can extend into a gap between the upper ends of the protrusion 17 and the upper end of the groove 18, the welding wire can flow into the gap between the protrusion 17 and the groove 18 along the surface of the protrusion 17 to a certain extent when melted, the synapse 19 and the groove 18 are welded together when the melted welding wire flows along the surface of the protrusion 17, and. And the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate 12 are respectively provided with the convex ribs 14 for welding, so that the welding stability can be ensured. In addition, a plurality of bulges 17 and grooves 18 are arranged for clamping connection, when the brake shoe is braked, the shoe plate 11 is stressed to generate a rotating movement trend, the joint of the shoe plate 11 and the rib plate 12 is pulled to a certain degree, and the brake shoe can bear larger pulling force through the clamping connection of the bulges 17, so that the falling off of a welding line caused by pulling is reduced to a certain degree, and the service life of the brake shoe is further prolonged.

After the upper end of the rib plate 12 is welded, the two support rods slide away from the rib plate 12, the rotating shaft 1 is rotated, the rotating shaft 1 drives the fixing plate 2 and the clamping block 3 to rotate, the whole shoe plate 11 and the rib plate 12 rotate, namely, the rib plate 12 can complete one-time turn-over, and then welding is continued. And after welding, the brake shoe is annealed to reduce stress, so that the cracking risk is reduced.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, during welding, air blowing mechanisms are arranged above and below the rib plates 12, air blown by the air blowing mechanisms cleans dust between adjacent ribs 14 before welding, and air blown by the air blowing mechanisms cools the welding position after welding. Specifically, still be fixed with two piston barrels 5 on the workstation, equal vertical sliding connection has the piston in the piston barrel 5, is fixed with piston rod 6 on the piston, and two piston rods 6 are fixed with two bracing pieces respectively. An air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are formed in the piston barrel 5, an air inlet one-way valve is installed in the air inlet hole, and when the air pressure at the lower portion of the piston barrel 5 is reduced, external air enters the piston barrel 5 through the air inlet one-way valve. And an air outlet one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet hole, and when the air pressure in the piston barrel 5 is increased, the air in the piston barrel 5 is discharged through the air outlet one-way valve. The air outlet pipe 16 is communicated with the air outlet hole, the air outlet pipe 16 is fixed on the support bar, namely, the air outlet pipe 16 can slide along with the support bar when the support bar slides up and down. The outlet end of the outlet pipe 16 is connected with a plurality of branch pipes, and the branch pipes are respectively aligned between the adjacent convex ridges 14. And the workbench is also fixedly provided with a cylinder for driving the piston to slide, and an output shaft of the cylinder is fixed on the piston. When the support rod slides towards the direction close to the rib plate 12 in specific use, gas in the piston barrel 5 is discharged, acts between the adjacent convex edges 14 after passing through the gas outlet pipe 16 and the branch pipe, and can be used for deashing before welding and auxiliary cooling after welding.

The rotary table is connected with a first gear 8 in a rotating mode, a rack 7 meshed with the first gear 8 is fixed on a piston rod 6 on the upper side, a second gear 9 is coaxially fixed on the first gear 8, a third gear 10 meshed with the second gear 9 is fixed on a rotating shaft 1, and when the piston rod 6 moves upwards and resets, the rack 7 drives the first gear 8 to rotate, and the transmission of the first gear 8, the second gear 9 and the third gear 10 is achieved, so that the rotating shaft 1 rotates. Because the rib plate 12 and the shoe plate 11 may interfere with the support rod which is not yet completely reset when turning over, in the scheme, the rotation of the rotating shaft 1 is further enabled through the reset condition of the support rod, and the occurrence of the above condition can be avoided.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.

Claims

1. High stability is cast and is forged formula press-weld brake shoe, its characterized in that: the rib plate is vertically welded in the middle of the shoe plate, a plurality of convex edges are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate, a depression is formed between every two adjacent convex edges, the vertical projections of the convex edges at the upper end and the lower end of the rib plate are not overlapped, and when the rib plate is welded with the shoe plate, a welding line is between the adjacent convex edges; a plurality of grooves are arranged on the shoe plate, and bulges which can be clamped into the grooves are arranged on the rib plates; one side of the bulge close to the recess is inclined, and one end of the bulge close to the rib plate is a higher end; the bulges are all positioned at the sunken parts on the rib plates, and the upper surfaces or the lower surfaces of the bulges are flush with the sunken parts; a plurality of synapses are arranged on the inclined surface of the bulge; the synapse top end is attached to the groove top wall;

during welding, air blowing mechanisms are arranged above and below the rib plates, air blown out by the air blowing mechanisms cleans dust between adjacent ribs before welding, and the air blown out by the air blowing mechanisms cools the welding positions after welding; two piston barrels are also fixed on the workbench, pistons are vertically and slidably connected in the piston barrels, piston rods are fixed on the pistons, and the two piston rods are respectively fixed with the two support rods; the piston barrel is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, an air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the air inlet hole, and when the air pressure at the lower part of the piston barrel is reduced, external air enters the piston barrel through the air inlet one-way valve; an air outlet one-way valve is arranged in the air outlet hole, and when the air pressure in the piston barrel is increased, the air in the piston barrel is discharged through the air outlet one-way valve; the air outlet pipe is communicated with the air outlet hole and is fixed on the supporting rod, namely, the air outlet pipe can slide along with the supporting rod when the supporting rod slides up and down; the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with a plurality of branch pipes, and the branch pipes are respectively aligned between adjacent convex edges; the workbench is also fixedly provided with a cylinder for driving the piston to slide, and an output shaft of the cylinder is fixed on the piston;

the workbench is connected with a first gear in a rotating mode, a rack meshed with the first gear is fixed on a piston rod on the upper side, a second gear is coaxially fixed on the first gear, a third gear meshed with the second gear is fixed on the rotating shaft, and when the piston rod moves upwards and resets, the rack drives the first gear to rotate, and the rotating shaft rotates through transmission of the first gear, the second gear and the third gear.

2. The high stability cast-forged press-welded brake shoe according to claim 1, wherein: and one surface of the groove close to the synapse is obliquely arranged and is consistent with the inclination angle of the convex surface.

3. The high stability cast-forged press-welded brake shoe according to claim 1, wherein: the rib plates are provided with a plurality of through holes.

4. The high stability cast-forged press-welded brake shoe according to claim 3, wherein: the through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rib plate.

5. The high stability cast-forged press-welded brake shoe according to claim 4, wherein: and reinforcing ribs are arranged between every two adjacent through holes.