CN110438407A - A kind of steel alloy and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of steel alloy and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110438407A CN110438407A CN201910869818.XA CN201910869818A CN110438407A CN 110438407 A CN110438407 A CN 110438407A CN 201910869818 A CN201910869818 A CN 201910869818A CN 110438407 A CN110438407 A CN 110438407A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to oil exploitation steel-casting technical fields more particularly to a kind of steel alloy and its preparation method and application.The present invention provides a kind of steel alloys, record according to the embodiment, tensile strength >=747.9MPa of steel alloy of the present invention, yield strength >=520MPa, elongation percentage >=21.9%, the contraction percentage of area >=53.1%, impact absorbing energy >=74.4J at -45 DEG C have preferable mechanical strength and low temperature impact properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploitation steel-casting technical field more particularly to a kind of steel alloy and preparation method thereof and answer
With.
Background technique
With the internationalization in oil drilling and extracting equipment market, to the material capability of oil-well rig, more stringent requirements are proposed, especially
It is that have higher requirement to its low temperature impact properties.Currently, the chemical component of the material of the steel-casting for oil exploitation
Primary Reference American Standard ASTMA148 90-60, the impact absorbing energy at -45 DEG C are 42J or so.
On the basis of the above, how making the casting steel of oil exploitation, there are better low temperature impact properties to have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of good steel alloys and its preparation method and application of low temperature impact properties.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of steel alloys, by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C0.18~0.22%,
Si 0.30~0.50%, Mn 0.80~1.00%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Cr0.60~0.80%, Ni 0.50
~0.80%, Mo 0.30~0.50%, Cu≤0.30%, V≤0.03%, Al0.03~0.08%, Re 0.20%, B
0.012% and surplus iron and inevitable impurity.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the steel alloy described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising the following steps:
The ingot casting matched with above-mentioned element is successively pre-processed, quenched and is tempered, steel alloy is obtained.
Preferably, the ingot casting preparation method the following steps are included:
Ni, Mo and Cr are added in molten steel, obtains the molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr；
When molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr is poured into 1/3~2/3 capacity in casting ladle and reaching casting ladle, add into casting ladle
Enter Re and boric acid；
The molten steel is the aluminium alloy of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cu, V, Al containing said ratio and iron.
Preferably, the pretreated temperature is 850~900 DEG C, and the pretreated soaking time is 3.5~4.5h.
Preferably, it is warming up to heating rate≤120 DEG C/h of the pretreated temperature.
Preferably, the process of the quenching are as follows: pretreated ingot casting is first subjected to the first heating to 700~750 DEG C, is protected
After 1.5~2.0h of temperature, continue second and be warming up to 910~930 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3.5~4.5h, it is cooling.
Preferably, heating rate≤120 DEG C of the first heating/h, it is described second heating heating rate≤100 DEG C/
h。
Preferably, the temperature of the tempering is 710~730 DEG C, and the soaking time of the tempering is 3.5~4.5h.
Preferably, it is warming up to heating rate≤120 DEG C/h of the temperature of the tempering.
The present invention also provides the steel alloy described in above-mentioned technical proposal or the preparation methods as described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Application of the steel alloy being prepared in oil exploitation steel-casting field.
The present invention provides a kind of steel alloys, by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C0.18~0.22%,
Si 0.30~0.50%, Mn 0.80~1.00%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Cr0.60~0.80%, Ni 0.50
~0.80%, Mo 0.30~0.50%, Cu≤0.30%, V≤0.03%, Al0.03~0.08%, Re 0.20%, B
0.012% and surplus iron and inevitable impurity.While the present invention adjusts the type and dosage of alloy each component, add
Entering suitable Re can be improved the room temperature toughness and low-temperature flexibility of the steel alloy, reduce tough brittle transition temperature, guarantee alloy
Steel is able to use at a lower temperature；The weather-resistant of steel alloy, the ability of resistance to nitric acid, hcl corrosion can also be improved；Together
When, crystal grain can also be refined, the yield strength and toughness of material are improved, guarantees that alloy has preferable mechanical strength；It is added suitable
The B of amount can improve the compactness of steel, improve the mechanical strength of steel alloy.Record according to the embodiment, conjunction of the present invention
Tensile strength >=747.39MPa of Jin Gang, yield strength >=520MPa, elongation percentage >=20.9%, the contraction percentage of area >=
53.14%, impact absorbing energy >=74.4J at -45 DEG C have preferable mechanical strength and low temperature impact properties.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of steel alloys, by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C0.18~0.22%,
Si 0.30~0.50%, Mn 0.80~1.00%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Cr0.60~0.80%, Ni 0.50
~0.80%, Mo 0.30~0.50%, Cu≤0.30%, V≤0.03%, Al0.03~0.08%, Re 0.20%, B
0.012% and surplus iron and inevitable impurity.
In the present invention, if without specified otherwise, all raw material components are commercial product well known to those skilled in the art.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention includes 0.18~0.22% C, and the content of the C is preferably
0.19~0.21%, more preferably 0.20%.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention includes 0.30~0.50% Si, and the content of the Si is preferred
It is 0.35~0.45%, more preferably 0.38~0.42%；Ferritic solution strengthening effect can be improved in the addition of the Si,
The crisp flexible and temper resistance for improving steel alloy, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of steel alloy, can also enhance steel in natural conditions
Under corrosion resistance.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.80~1.00% Mn, and the content of the Mn is excellent
It is selected as 0.85~0.95%, more preferably 0.88~0.92%；The steel as caused by sulphur can be eliminated or be reduced to the addition of the Mn
Red brittleness, to improve the hot-working character of steel.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes≤0.025% P, and the content of the P is preferably
0.01~0.02%；The intensity and atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel alloy can be improved in the addition of the P.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes≤0.025% S, and the content of the S is preferably
0.01~0.02%；The cutting ability of the steel alloy can be improved in the addition of the S.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.6~0.8% Cr, and the content of the Cr is preferred
It is 0.65~0.75%, more preferably 0.68~0.72%；The addition of the Cr can make carbonized object in steel alloy and
Crystal grain refinement improves the toughness of steel alloy.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.50~0.80% Ni, and the content of the Ni is excellent
It is selected as 0.55~0.75%, more preferably 0.60~0.70%；The addition of the Ni can fining ferrite grains, described in raising
The plasticity and toughness of steel alloy, especially low-temperature flexibility.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.30~0.50% Mo, and the content of the Mo is excellent
It is selected as 0.35~0.45%, more preferably 0.38~0.42%；The harden ability and calorific intensity of steel can be improved in the addition of the Mo,
And temper brittleness is prevented, improve the corrosion resistance under remanent magnetism and coercivity and natural conditions.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes≤0.30% Cu, and the content of the Cu is preferably
0.1~0.2%, more preferably 0.14~0.16%；The addition of the copper can improve the anti-corrosion capability of steel alloy, and copper is controlled
In the range, the intensity of steel alloy can be further improved.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes≤0.03% V, and the content of the V is preferably
0.01~0.02%；The addition of the V can form the hydrogen attack resistance of carbide alloy steel with C.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.03~0.08% Al, and the content of the Al is excellent
It is selected as 0.04~0.07%；The addition of the Al can refine crystal grain, improve the impact flexibility of steel alloy, meanwhile, aluminium also has
Inoxidizability and corrosion resistance, the aluminium can improve the high temperature of steel alloy not with the chromium and silicon synergistic effect in steel alloy
Peeling performance and high temperature corrosion-resisting performance.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.20% Re；The Re of the amount ranges can be with
The room temperature toughness and low-temperature flexibility of the steel alloy are improved, tough brittle transition temperature is reduced, guarantees steel alloy at a lower temperature
It is able to use；The weather-resistant of steel alloy, the ability of resistance to nitric acid, hcl corrosion can also be improved；At the same time it can also refine crystalline substance
Grain improves the yield strength and toughness of material, guarantees that alloy has preferable mechanical strength.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes 0.012% B, and the B is in terms of boric acid；The B's
Addition can be played the role of strengthening crystal boundary, improve the harden ability and elevated temperature strength of C grades of steel.
By mass percentage, steel alloy of the present invention further includes the iron and inevitable impurity of surplus.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the steel alloy described in above-mentioned technical proposal, comprising the following steps:
The ingot casting matched with above-mentioned element is successively pre-processed, quenched and is tempered, steel alloy is obtained.
In the present invention, the preparation process of the ingot casting preferably includes following steps:
Ni, Mo and Cr are added in molten steel, obtains the molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr；
When molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr is poured into 1/3~2/3 capacity in casting ladle and reaching casting ladle, add into casting ladle
Enter Re and boric acid；
The molten steel is the aluminium alloy of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cu, V, Al containing said ratio and iron.
The present invention prepares no any special restriction to the molten steel, using process well known to those skilled in the art
Progress.
In the present invention, the addition opportunity of the Ni and Mo preferably accounts for the steel-making furnace volume in the volume of the molten steel
50% when be added；The addition opportunity of the Cr is preferably again that the volume of the molten steel adds when accounting for the 80% of the steel-making furnace volume
Enter.
In the present invention, the pretreated temperature is preferably 850~900 DEG C, more preferably 860~880 DEG C, described pre-
The soaking time of processing is preferably 3.5~4.5h, more preferably 3.8~4.2h, most preferably 4.0h；It is warming up to the pretreatment
Temperature heating rate be preferably≤120 DEG C/h, more preferably 80~110 DEG C/h, most preferably 100 DEG C/h；The pre- place
After the completion of reason, the present invention is preferably cooled down, and the cooling is preferably air-cooled.
In the present invention, the process of the quenching is preferred are as follows: first by pretreated ingot casting carry out the first heating to 700~
750 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1.5~2.0h, continues second and be warming up to 910~930 DEG C, keep the temperature 3.5~4.5h, it is cooling；More preferably
For pretreated ingot casting is first carried out the first heating to 710~740 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1.6~1.8h, continue the second heating
To 915~925 DEG C, 3.8~4.2h is kept the temperature, it is cooling；Pretreated ingot casting is first most preferably subjected to the first heating to 725
DEG C, after heat preservation 1.7, continue second and be warming up to 920 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4.0h, it is cooling.In the present invention, the first heating
Heating rate is preferably≤120 DEG C/h, more preferably 90~120 DEG C/min, most preferably 100~120 DEG C/min；Described second
The heating rate of heating is preferably≤100 DEG C/h, more preferably 70~100 DEG C/min, most preferably 80~100 DEG C；It is described cold
It but is preferably water cooling.
In the present invention, the temperature of the tempering is preferably 710~730 DEG C, and more preferably 715~725 DEG C, most preferably
720℃；The soaking time of the tempering is preferably 3.5~4.5h, more preferably 3.8~4.2h, most preferably 4.0h；It is warming up to
The heating rate of the pretreated temperature be preferably≤120 DEG C/h, more preferably 80~110 DEG C/h, most preferably 100 DEG C/
h；After the completion of the tempering, the present invention is preferably cooled down, and the cooling is preferably air-cooled.
The present invention also provides the steel alloy described in above-mentioned technical proposal or the preparation methods as described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Application of the steel alloy being prepared in oil exploitation steel-casting field.
Steel alloy provided by the invention and its preparation method and application is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but
It is that they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The component of steel alloy: by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C 0.18%, Si 0.43%, Mn
1.00%, P 0.025%, S 0.02%, Cr 0.68%, Ni 0.80%, Mo 0.30%, Cu 0.30%, V 0.03%, Al
The iron and inevitable impurity of 0.03%, Re 0.20%, B 0.012% and surplus；
According to the method for preparing ingot casting described in specific embodiment, the ingot casting with said ratio is obtained；
The ingot casting is risen to 860 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 120 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 4h, it is cooling, it is pre-processed
Ingot casting afterwards；
The pretreated ingot casting is risen to 700 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 120 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 2h, then
920 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min, 4h is kept the temperature, after entering water cooling to room temperature, by room temperature with the heating of 100 DEG C/min
Rate rises to 720 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h, air-cooled, obtains steel alloy.
Embodiment 2
The component of steel alloy: by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C 0.21%, Si 0.50%, Mn
0.91%, P 0.025%, S 0.01%, Cr 0.6%, Ni 0.68%, Mo 0.5%, Cu 0.30%, V 0.03%, Al
The iron and inevitable impurity of 0.08%, Re 0.20%, B 0.012% and surplus；
According to the method for preparing ingot casting described in specific embodiment, the ingot casting with said ratio is obtained；
The ingot casting is risen to 900 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 4h, it is cooling, it is pre-processed
Ingot casting afterwards；
The pretreated ingot casting is risen to 750 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 120 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1.5h, so
910 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 80 DEG C/min afterwards, 4h is kept the temperature, after entering water cooling to room temperature, by room temperature with the heating of 120 DEG C/min
Rate rises to 730 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h, air-cooled, obtains steel alloy.
Embodiment 3
The component of steel alloy: by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C 0.22%, Si 0.3%, Mn
0.8%, P 0.013%, S 0.01%, Cr 0.71%, Ni 0.50%, Mo 0.39%, Cu 0.30%, V 0.03%, Al
The iron and inevitable impurity of 0.08%, Re 0.20%, B 0.012% and surplus；
According to the method for preparing ingot casting described in specific embodiment, the ingot casting with said ratio is obtained；
The ingot casting is risen to 880 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 110 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 4h, it is cooling, it is pre-processed
Ingot casting afterwards；
The pretreated ingot casting is risen to 730 DEG C by room temperature with the heating rate of 120 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1.5h, so
930 DEG C are risen to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/min afterwards, keeps the temperature 4h, after being air-cooled to room temperature, by room temperature with the heating speed of 80 DEG C/min
Rate rises to 710 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h, air-cooled, obtains steel alloy.
Test case 1
According to alloy compositions as defined in American Standard ASTMA14890-60 and proportion and testing standard as defined in it, to implementation
Steel alloy described in example 1~3 carries out Mechanics Performance Testing, and the mechanical property with steel alloy shown in American Standard ASTMA14890-60
It is compared, comparison result is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
The comparison of alloy Steel Properties shown in steel alloy described in 1 Examples 1 to 3 of table and American Standard ASTMA14890-60
Impact of the steel alloy at -45 DEG C shown in steel alloy described in 2 Examples 1 to 3 of table and American Standard ASTMA14890-60
Absorb the comparison of function
Described 1,2,3 refer to the parallel test three times under the same terms.
As seen from the above embodiment, steel alloy provided by the invention has preferable mechanical performance and the resistance to punching of preferable low temperature
Performance is hit, stability is high.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of steel alloy, which is characterized in that by mass percentage, including following alloying element: C 0.18~0.22%, Si
0.30~0.50%, Mn 0.80~1.00%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, Cr 0.60~0.80%, Ni 0.50~
0.80%, Mo 0.30~0.50%, Cu≤0.30%, V≤0.03%, Al 0.03~0.08%, Re 0.20%, B
0.012% and surplus iron and inevitable impurity.
2. the preparation method of steel alloy described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
The ingot casting matched with above-mentioned element is successively pre-processed, quenched and is tempered, steel alloy is obtained.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the ingot casting the following steps are included:
Ni, Mo and Cr are added in molten steel, obtains the molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr；
When molten steel containing Ni, Mo and Cr is poured into 1/3~2/3 capacity in casting ladle and reaching casting ladle, Re is added into casting ladle
And boric acid；
The molten steel is the aluminium alloy of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cu, V, Al containing said ratio and iron.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the pretreated temperature is 850~900 DEG C, described
Pretreated soaking time is 3.5~4.5h.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 2 or 4, which is characterized in that be warming up to the heating speed of the pretreated temperature
Rate≤120 DEG C/h.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the process of the quenching are as follows: first by pretreated casting
Ingot carries out the first heating to 700~750 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1.5~2.0h, continues second and is warming up to 910~930 DEG C, heat preservation
3.5~4.5h, it is cooling.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that heating rate≤120 DEG C of the first heating/h, institute
State heating rate≤100 DEG C/h of the second heating.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the temperature of the tempering is 710~730 DEG C, described time
The soaking time of fire is 3.5~4.5h.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that be warming up to the heating rate of the temperature of the tempering≤
120℃/h。
10. steel alloy described in claim 1 or the conjunction being prepared by the described in any item preparation methods of claim 2~9
Application of the Jin Gang in oil exploitation steel-casting field.
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