CN110438177A - A method of ceramide is prepared from apple juicing pomace - Google Patents
A method of ceramide is prepared from apple juicing pomace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110438177A CN110438177A CN201910740125.0A CN201910740125A CN110438177A CN 110438177 A CN110438177 A CN 110438177A CN 201910740125 A CN201910740125 A CN 201910740125A CN 110438177 A CN110438177 A CN 110438177A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/22—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C231/24—Separation; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/02—Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol or polyamides; Imides or polyimides; Urethanes, i.e. compounds comprising N-C=O structural element or polyurethanes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the process for extracting, separating and purifying fields of effective ingredients in plant, and in particular to a method of ceramide is prepared using apple juicing pomace.It is big, inflammable and explosive etc. to solve the problems, such as that current apple pomace prepares low ceramide process product content, complicated for operation, higher cost, toxicity.This method is using fresh fruit slag as raw material, suitable cellulase, pectase is added, it is reacted under normal temperature condition, pomace after reaction is filtered, filtrate is concentrated into no alcohol through alcoholic extraction, suitable sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide reaction is added, then petroleum ether extraction, petroleum ether are concentrated and dried, and the ceramide product of 10-15% content can be obtained；Or petroleum ether extraction liquid is adsorbed using silicagel column, it is purified by silica gel column chromatography, the ceramide product of 40-60% can be prepared；The ceramide product of 90% or more content can be obtained using reversed phase column chromatography in the product.This method process is simple, ceramide product at low cost and final available high-content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process for extracting, separating and purifying fields of effective ingredients in plant, and in particular to a kind of to be squeezed the juice using apple
The method that pomace prepares ceramide.
Background technique
Shaanxi is as apple major production areas, and every 18,000,000 tons of annual output apple, wherein significant portion is for press juice use, pressure
Pomace after squeezing generally all exhausts or does farmyard manure as waste, also has part to use as cattle and sheep feed, these processing sides
Method has seriously affected environmental sanitation, especially summer, and temperature is high, and pomace is fermented soon to go bad, and surrounding enviroment acid is smelly unpleasant, grey
The winged insects such as fly, mosquito are more, are a huge environmental hazard problems.
By consulting literatures and experimental study, find in pomace containing a kind of ceramide type that can be used as cosmetics at
Point.Ceramide is the main composition (> 50%) of lipoid between being present in the outermost corneocyte of human skin, is risen
Prevent moisture from distributing and having to outside stimulus the important function of safeguard function, carry protection skin and moisten, moisture-keeping functions.
As the age increases and enters the senescence phase, ceramide present in human skin can be reduced gradually, dry skin and coarse skin
The appearance of the skin abnormalities symptom such as skin type is also due to caused by the reduction of ceramide amount.Therefore this kind of skin abnormality is prevented, mended
Filling ceramide is comparatively ideal method.
Therefore, ceramide is prepared from apple juicing pomace, the feed in cattle and sheep winter is used as after the pomace mentioned is dry
Supplement, not only solve apple pomace pollution environment the problem of, while can refuse reclamation, improve added value of product.
In the preparation method of existing ceramide, number of patent application 201480025878.9 discloses " Cong Quanguo apple
And/or the method for apple juicing residue extraction ceramide and/or pectic substance ", this method only carries out coarse extraction, product content
It is lower, and pomace is dry, complicated for operation, higher cost is needed before extracting.Number of patent application 201010254120.6 is public
Cloth " purification process of konjak ceramide ", this method are extracted using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, then pass through silicagel column twice
Chromatography is purified, and is prepared 50% ceramide product, and method whole process uses organic reagent, at high cost, toxicity is big, inflammable
It is explosive, there are security risks.Number of patent application 2010105989816 discloses " konjak ceramide and its extracting method ", should
Method is repeatedly extracted using ethyl alcohol, concentration is then extracted with ethyl acetate, then repeatedly molten with ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether
Solution, extraction, it is lower to finally obtain ceramide product content, and substantial length of operation is complicated, solvent is inflammable and explosive, and there are security risks.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve, current apple pomace prepares ceramide and other methods, raw material prepare ceramide process product and contain
The problem that low, complicated for operation, higher cost, toxicity are big, inflammable and explosive etc. is measured, the present invention is proposed a kind of from apple by research
Suitable fiber is added using the fresh fruit slag for just having squeezed fruit juice as raw material in the method that ceramide is prepared in fruit pomace, this method
Plain enzyme, pectase sufficiently react 12-24h under normal temperature condition, and alcoholic extraction of the pomace after reaction through 85-90% is filtered, filter
Feed use is done in slag drying；Filtrate is concentrated into no alcohol, and suitable sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is added, 50-70 DEG C, reacts 2-3
Hour, then petroleum ether extraction, petroleum ether are concentrated and dried, and the ceramide product of 10-15% content can be obtained；Or it utilizes
Silicagel column adsorbs petroleum ether extraction liquid, purifies by silica gel column chromatography, the ceramide product of 40-60% can be prepared；40-
The ceramide product of 90% or more content can be obtained using reversed phase column chromatography in 60% product.This method process letter
The ceramide product of single, at low cost and final available high-content.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of to prepare the method for ceramide from apple juicing pomace, including following
Step:
Step 1: fermentation；
Fresh fruit slag to be collected, cellulase, pectase are added into fresh fruit slag, is uniformly mixed, room temperature stands 12-24h,
It ferments；
Step 2: extracting；
The alcohol of 85%-90% is added into the pomace after step 1 fermentation, room temperature extraction filters later, recycles filter residue,
It collects extracting solution and is concentrated into no alcohol；
Step 3: saponification；
Sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is added into the extracting solution after step 2 concentration, is kept for 50-70 DEG C, reacts 2-3
Petroleum ether extraction is added in hour backward reaction solution；
Step 4: silica gel column chromatography；
It using silicagel column to the petroleum ether extraction liquid in step 3, is adsorbed, then uses elution, thin layer prison
Target component section is collected in control, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 40-60% can be obtained.
Further, the product of higher concentration in order to obtain, after step 4 further include:
Step 5: reversed phase column chromatography；
The ceramide product for the 40-60% that step 4 is obtained, is dissolved with methanol, by reversed phase column chromatography, utilizes 10-
100% methanol elution, thin layer monitoring, collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide of 90% or more content can be obtained
Product.
Further, the eluent is chloroform methanol eluent, and wherein the volume ratio of chloroform and methanol is 10:1.
Further, the weight of the cellulase is the 0.05-0.3% of fresh fruit slag weight, and the weight of pectase is
The 0.01-0.05% of fresh fruit slag weight.
Further, the weight of the cellulase is the 0.3% of fresh fruit slag weight, and the weight of pectase is new fresh fruit
The 0.05% of slag weight.
Further, the weight of alcohol is 3-5 times of fresh fruit slag weight in step 2.
Further, the weight of alcohol is 5 times of fresh fruit slag weight in step 2, and the concentration of alcohol is 90%, extraction
Time is 5 hours；
Reaction temperature in step 3 is 70 DEG C, and the reaction time is 3 hours.
Further, the step 2 further includes that the process of secondary extraction is carried out to filter residue:
Alcohol is added in the filter residue recycled to step 2, wherein the weight of alcohol is 3-5 times of fresh fruit slag weight, into
Row room temperature extracts 3-5h, filtering, and filter residue and drying is used as feed；Extracting solution merging twice is concentrated into no alcohol.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention has directly squeezed the fresh fruit slag of fruit juice using fruit juice factory, does not need drying, is directly added into cellulase
With pectin enzyme fermentation, then by alcoholic extraction, various methods are used in combination, and prepare high-content ceramide product.
2, the present invention uses alcoholic extraction, after concentration and recovery alcohol, detects acid value, then with a small amount of saponification, petroleum ether
High-content product can be prepared in extraction, upper column purification.Whole process uses a small amount of petroleum ether and alcohol, and dosage is less, phase
To safer.
3, the present invention is chromatographed by column, and normal phase silicagel column and reverse phase C18 column are used in combination, and product content is high.
4, because aforementioned several steps have removed a large amount of impurity, a small amount of chloroform methanol need to only be used in normal phase silicagel column, so that it may
Product is eluted, dosage is less, relatively safe.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the standard spectrogram of 99% ceramide product；
Fig. 2 is the standard spectrogram for the 96% ceramide product that the embodiment of the present invention obtains；
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment finally obtains the ceramide product of 96% content by following step:
Step 1: fermentation:
Fresh fruit slag 2000g is taken, addition weight is 0.05% cellulase of fresh fruit slag weight thereto, weight is
0.05% pectase of fresh fruit slag weight is placed for 24 hours under normal temperature conditions after mixing.
Step 2: extracting:
85% wine of 3 times of amounts (such as 100kg pomace, 300L alcohol is added) is added into the pomace that step 1 has been fermented
Essence, room temperature extract 3h, filtering, and filter residue adds 85% alcohol of 3 times of amounts again, and room temperature extracts 3h, filtering, and filter residue and drying makees feed
With；Filtrate, which merges, twice is concentrated into no alcohol, spare.85% alcohol refers to the alcohol in the alcohol containing 85% herein, contains
15% water.
Step 3: saponification:
It is concentrated into non-alcoholic extracting solution to step 2, appropriate sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is added, 50 DEG C, reacts 2
Hour, petroleum ether extraction is then used, if petroleum ether is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 12% content can be obtained.Specifically
Calculate the additional amount of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide according to acid value, such acid include extracted together with ceramide it is big
The impurity such as organic acid, the fatty acid of amount are reacted by the way that sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and organic acid etc. is added, after reaction at
Divide and is dissolved in water, and ceramide is not soluble in water, can remove acids impurity by petroleum ether extraction, quickly improves product and contains
Amount.
Step 4: silica gel column chromatography:
The petroleum ether extraction liquid in step 3 is adsorbed using silicagel column, is then using chloroform methanol volume ratio
The eluent of 10:1 is eluted, and thin layer monitoring collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, 45% ceramide can be obtained
Product.
Step 5: reversed phase column chromatography:
The 45% ceramide product that step 4 is obtained, is dissolved, by reversed phase column chromatography, methanol is washed with proper amount of methanol
De-, thin layer monitoring collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 96% content can be obtained, as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment finally obtains the ceramide product of 96% content by following step:
Step 1: fermentation:
0.1% cellulase, 0.03% pectase are added into 5000g fresh fruit slag, is uniformly mixed, normal temperature condition
Lower placement 18h, ferments.
Step 2: extracting:
The alcohol of 4 times of amounts 90% is added into the pomace that step 1 has been fermented, room temperature extracts 4h, filtering, then adds to filter residue
Enter the alcohol of 4 times of amounts 90%, room temperature extracts 4h, filtering, and filter residue and drying is used as feed；It is concentrated into no alcohol after merging filtrate twice,
It is spare.
Step 3: saponification:
Appropriate sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is added (according to acid value in being concentrated into non-alcoholic filtrate for obtaining to step 2
Calculate to obtain specific additional amount) reaction, reaction temperature is 60 DEG C, and the reaction time is 2.5 hours, and petroleum ether is then added and is extracted
It takes, at this time if petroleum ether is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 14% content can be obtained.
Step 4: silica gel column chromatography:
The petroleum ether extraction liquid that step 3 obtains is adsorbed using silicagel column, then makes chlorine in a volume ratio of 10:1
Imitative methanol elution, thin layer monitoring collect target component section, are concentrated and dried, 55% ceramide product can be obtained.
Step 5: reversed phase column chromatography:
The product that step 4 obtains is dissolved with proper amount of methanol, by reversed phase column chromatography, methanol elution, thin layer monitoring is received
Collect target component section, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 96% content can be obtained.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment finally obtains the ceramide product of 97% content by following step:
Step 1: fermentation:
0.3% cellulase, 0.05% pectase are added into 10kg fresh fruit slag, is uniformly mixed, normal temperature condition
Lower placement is fermented for 24 hours.
Step 2: extracting:
It is added 90% alcohol of 5 times of amounts into the pomace that step 1 has been fermented, room temperature extracts 5h, filtering, and to filter residue
In again plus 5 times amount 90% alcohol, room temperature extract 5h, filter again, filter residue and drying is used as feed；Merge dense after filtrate twice
It is reduced to no alcohol, it is spare.
Step 3: saponification:
Appropriate sodium hydroxide is added in the non-alcoholic extracting solution obtained to step 2 or potassium hydroxide (is calculated according to acid value
Obtain specific additional amount), it is reacted at 70 DEG C 3 hours, then uses petroleum ether extraction, if be at this time concentrated and dried petroleum ether, i.e.,
The ceramide product of available 14.8% content.
Step 4: silica gel column chromatography:
The petroleum ether extraction liquid that step 3 is obtained is added in silicagel column, adsorbs by silicagel column, then uses volume ratio
It is eluted for the chloroform methanol of 10:1, thin layer monitoring collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, 57% ceramide can be obtained
Product.
Step 5: reversed phase column chromatography:
The 57% ceramide product that step 4 obtains is dissolved with proper amount of methanol, by reversed phase column chromatography, methanol is washed
De-, thin layer monitoring collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 97% content can be obtained.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: fermentation；
Fresh fruit slag is collected, cellulase, pectase are added into fresh fruit slag, is uniformly mixed, room temperature stands 12-24h, carries out
Fermentation；
Step 2: extracting；
The alcohol of 85%-90% is added into the pomace after step 1 fermentation, room temperature extraction filters later, recycles filter residue, collects
Extracting solution is simultaneously concentrated into no alcohol；
Step 3: saponification；
Sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is added into the extracting solution after step 2 concentration, is kept for 50-70 DEG C, reacts 2-3 hours
Petroleum ether extraction is added in backward reaction solution；
Step 4: silica gel column chromatography；
It using silicagel column to the petroleum ether extraction liquid in step 3, being adsorbed, then uses elution, thin layer monitors,
Target component section is collected, is concentrated and dried, the ceramide product of 40-60% can be obtained.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, which is characterized in that step 4
Later further include:
Step 5: reversed phase column chromatography；
The ceramide product for the 40-60% that step 4 is obtained, is dissolved with methanol, by reversed phase column chromatography, utilizes 10-
100% methanol elution gradient, thin layer monitoring, collects target component section, is concentrated and dried, the nerve of 90% or more content can be obtained
Amide products.
3. the method according to claim 2 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, it is characterised in that: described to wash
De- liquid is chloroform methanol eluent, and wherein the volume ratio of chloroform and methanol is 10:1.
4. the method according to claim 3 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, it is characterised in that: the fibre
The weight for tieing up plain enzyme is the 0.05-0.3% of fresh fruit slag weight, and the weight of pectase is the 0.01- of fresh fruit slag weight
0.05%.
5. the method according to claim 4 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, it is characterised in that: the fibre
The weight for tieing up plain enzyme is the 0.3% of fresh fruit slag weight, and the weight of pectase is the 0.05% of fresh fruit slag weight.
6. the method according to claim 4 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, it is characterised in that: step 2
The weight of middle alcohol is 3-5 times of fresh fruit slag weight.
7. the method according to claim 6 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, it is characterised in that: step 2
The weight of middle alcohol is 5 times of fresh fruit slag weight, and the concentration of alcohol is 90%, and extraction time is 5 hours；
Reaction temperature in step 3 is 70 DEG C, and the reaction time is 3 hours.
8. the method according to claim 6 for preparing ceramide from apple juicing pomace, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid two further include the process that secondary extraction is carried out to filter residue:
Alcohol is added in the filter residue recycled to step 2, wherein the weight of alcohol is 3-5 times of fresh fruit slag, carries out room temperature leaching
3-5h is mentioned, is filtered, filter residue and drying is used as feed；Extracting solution merging twice is concentrated into no alcohol.
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| JP2005060323A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-03-10 | Dna Bank:Kk | New apple ceramide |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |