CN110438043B - Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 and application thereof in preparation of aquatic bacteria bacteriostatic agent - Google Patents
Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 and application thereof in preparation of aquatic bacteria bacteriostatic agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of development and application of microorganisms, and particularly discloses bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 and application thereof in preparation of an aquatic bacteria bacteriostatic agent. The preservation number of the bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is CCTCC NO: and M2019651. The bacillus methylotrophicus provided by the invention has the following effects on aquatic pathogenic bacteria: the aeromonas veronii, aeromonas hydrophila, aeromonas sobria, edwardsiella, pseudomonas fragi and streptococcus agalactiae have good inhibition effect, and can be used as an aquatic bacteria bacteriostatic agent for aquaculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of development and application of microorganisms, and particularly relates to bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 and application thereof in preparation of an aquatic bacteria bacteriostatic agent.
Technical Field
China is the largest aquatic product producing country and consuming country in the world, along with the high intensification of cultivation, the deterioration of aquatic ecological environment is increasingly prominent, and diseases are endangered, and according to statistics, the loss of China caused by the diseases reaches 150 billion yuan every year. At present, in the aquaculture process, aeromonas veronii and aeromonas hydrophila can cause bacterial diseases of various cultured animals to burst, and huge loss is caused to culture. At present, the medicine is still the most important means for controlling the occurrence of diseases in fishery production. The raw material medicines are mainly transplanted pesticides, livestock and poultry veterinary drugs, medicines, a small amount of chemical raw materials and the like, and also become one of the most direct factors influencing the safety of aquatic products and the environmental safety. The long-term use of the compound preparation in an overdose manner causes the drug resistance of pathogens, destroys and interferes the normal flora of intestinal tracts and the culture micro-ecological environment, and increases the difficulty of disease control of aquaculture.
The microecological preparation maintains the microecological balance of a host and reduces the occurrence of diseases by strengthening the barrier function of an intestinal microflora or enhancing the nonspecific immunity function, has the functions of improving the utilization rate of feed, improving the product quality and optimizing the ecological environment of culture, and becomes the most potential substitute of antibiotics due to the advantages of environmental protection, no toxic or side effect, no residual pollution, no antibody generation, no memory, wide action range and the like.
Bacillus sp is a gram-negative bacterium capable of producing spores, is aerobic or facultative in aerobic life, widely exists in soil, water, air, animal intestinal tracts and the like, can produce heat-resistant, drought-resistant, ultraviolet-resistant and organic solvent-resistant endospores, can be prepared into various formulations such as powder, wettable powder and the like, and can also utilize various secreted enzymes and antibiotics to inhibit the growth of other bacteria, thereby reducing or even eliminating pathogens of aquaculture animals, reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving the culture benefit. Can improve the intestinal microflora of aquatic animals, enhance the digestion and absorption functions of the animals, promote the utilization of calcium, phosphorus and iron by the animals, promote the absorption of vitamin D, enhance the disease resistance of organisms and reduce the feed coefficient, and is an ideal probiotic screening object. Research reports (Schering article, etc. 2016) show that Bacillus methylotrophicus has strong inhibitory effect on cucumber colletotrichum. The Bacillus methylotrophicus screened by Xiabang et al (2014) has obvious inhibition effect on tobacco ralstonia solanacearum. Wei Xinyan et al (2018) found that Bacillus methylotrophicus BH21 has a good antagonistic effect on Botrytis cinerea. A strain of Bacillus methylotrophicus WM-1 is screened from grass carp intestinal canal by a piece of gelatin (2018), and has good inhibition effect on Aeromonas hydrophila.
At present, the variety of probiotics in the field of aquatic products is less, and the bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 screened from pond water has a wider antibacterial spectrum and has an inhibitory effect on aeromonas veronii, aeromonas hydrophila, aeromonas sobria, edwardsiella, pseudomonas praecox and streptococcus agalactiae.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1, wherein the preservation number of the bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is as follows: CCTCC NO: and M2019651.
Another objective of the invention is to provide an application of Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1, which has a good inhibitory effect on aquatic pathogenic bacteria including Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas fragi and Streptococcus agalactiae.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:
bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 isolated from a water sample from an aquaculture pond. After diluting the aquaculture pond water sample by multiple times with 0.85% sterile normal saline, coating the diluted aquaculture pond water sample on a BHI solid flat plate, uniformly coating the BHI solid flat plate by using a coating rod, numbering the BHI solid flat plate, and repeating the steps for 3 times. And after the uniform coating, placing the mixture in a super-clean workbench for 5-10 min to ensure that the bacteria liquid on the surface of the culture medium is fully absorbed. Finally, the plate was inverted and incubated in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for 24 hours. Selecting bacterial colonies with different forms, inoculating the bacterial colonies on a common broth plate for separation and purification, performing antibacterial performance determination on the bacteria obtained by separation and purification by an Oxford cup plate antibacterial method, and performing mass sorting to obtain 1 strain which has good inhibitory action on pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas fragi, Streptococcus agalactiae and the like, wherein the strain is named as YFI-1, and the strain YFI-1 is identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus by physiological and biochemical characteristic determination and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis.
The strain is delivered to China center for type culture Collection in 2019, 8, 19 and is classified and named: bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1, accession number: CCTCC NO: m2019651, address: wuhan university in Wuhan, China.
The bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is a gram-positive bacterium and is strictly aerobic, and a colony formed after being cultured for 48 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ in an LB culture medium is milky and semitransparent, has regular edges and has raised and wrinkled surfaces.
An application of Bacillus methylotrophicus (Bacillus methylotrophicus) comprises preparing bacteriostatic agent of water-producing bacteria by the Bacillus methylotrophicus;
in the above applications, preferably, the aquatic bacteria include but are not limited to: aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella, Aeromonas sobria, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Pseudomonas fragi.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 has good inhibition effect on aquatic pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas fragi and Streptococcus agalactiae, can be used as antibiotic substitutes, and has good application prospect.
2. The bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is friendly to cultured animals and environment, and does not generate the problems of drug residue and drug resistance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention, if not specifically mentioned, are conventional in the art, and the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available. The bacteriostatic indicating bacteria in the embodiment of the invention are specifically as follows: aeromonas veronii CCTCC AB 98045, Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 13040, Aeromonas sobria ATCC43979, Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 15947, Pseudomonas fragi ATCC4973, Streptococcus agalactiae ATCC 12386, Citrobacter freundii ATCC43864, Elvatobacter meningitidis ATCC 864, Elizabeth Erysiphe (Elizabeth and Giardia ATCC 13253), Plesiomonas shigelloides ATCC 14029
Example 1:
isolation and identification of Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1
1. Isolation of the Strain
Collecting a culture pond water sample from the culture area. The aquaculture pond water samples were diluted 6 times 10 times in succession with 0.85% sterile physiological saline, 100 μ L of the solution was aspirated from each concentration gradient dilution onto BHI solid plates with pipette tips, coated evenly with a coating rod, numbered, and repeated 3 times. And after the uniform coating, placing the mixture in a super-clean workbench for 5-10 min to ensure that the bacteria liquid on the surface of the culture medium is fully absorbed. Finally, the plate was inverted and incubated in a constant temperature incubator at 30 ℃ for 24 hours. Colonies with different morphologies were selected and inoculated on a common broth plate for isolation and purification.
2. Strain screening
Carrying out bacteriostatic performance determination on bacteria obtained by separation and purification by adopting an Oxford cup plate bacteriostatic method, and obtaining 1 strain which shows good inhibitory action on pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas veronii (Aeromonas veronii), Aeromonas hydrophila (Aeromonas hydrophylla), Aeromonas sobria (Aeromonas sobria), Edwardsiella (Edwards tarda), Pseudomonas sp (Pseudomonas fragi), Streptococcus agalactiae (Streptococcus agalactiae) and the like through a large-scale sorting, wherein the strain is named YFI-1 and is specifically operated as follows:
YFI-1 and pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas fragi and Streptococcus agalactiae are respectively inoculated into a liquid culture medium,shake culturing at 30 deg.C for 24 hr at 200rmp, and resuspending and counting with 0.85% sterile physiological saline to make the final concentrations of strain YFI-1 and pathogenic bacteria liquid 1 × 106CFU/mL. Respectively sucking 100 mul of pathogenic bacteria liquid, coating the pathogenic bacteria liquid on different LB agar plates, and standing in an aseptic operation table for 30min to ensure that the bacterial liquid on the surface of the culture medium is fully absorbed. Two sterile oxford cups (with the inner diameter of 6mm) are respectively placed on the pathogen flat plate, wherein 50 mul of bacterial strain YFI-1 bacterial liquid is added into one oxford cup, and 50 mul of PBS is added into the other oxford cup to serve as a control, and the diameter of the inhibition zone is measured after the oxford cup is cultured for 24 hours. The zone of inhibition is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 bacteriostatic effect of Strain YFI-1
Identification of the YFI-1 Strain
1) Physiological and biochemical characteristics
Taking a pure cultured strain YFI-1 by an LB solid culture medium, streaking and inoculating a single colony on a BUG identification plate, culturing for 16-24 h at 30 ℃, taking an inoculation liquid of a Biolog bacteria identification kit IF-A when the colony size is proper, wiping the outer wall of a tube, and putting the tube into a Biolog turbidity meter to adjust the reading to be 100% T; a proper amount of single colonies were dipped into the inoculum using a sterile cotton swab to read between 92% T and 98% T by a turbidimeter, the mixture was transferred to GEN III plates in a volume of 100. mu.L per well using an 8-well pipette, and the plates were loaded into a Biolog system for culture, which automatically read and output the results.
The physiological and biochemical characteristics of the antagonistic bacterium YFI-1 strain are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 physiological and biochemical tests
Note: "+" indicates a positive reaction, and "-" indicates a negative reaction.
2) Molecular biological characterization of Strain YFI-1.
(1) Gene fragment sequencing of 16S rRNA of Strain YFI-1
Inoculating the pure culture of the strain YFI-1 into an LB liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 30 ℃ and 200rpm for 24h, centrifuging to collect thalli, and extracting the total DNA of the strain YFI-1 by adopting a centrifugal column type bacterial genome DNA extraction kit. The gene of antagonistic strain 16SrRNA is amplified by adopting a universal primer, and the strain YFI-1 is identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus (Bacillus methylotrophicus) through physiological and biochemical characteristic determination and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis.
The strain is delivered to China center for type culture Collection in 2019, 8, 19 and is classified and named: bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1, accession number: CCTCC NO: m2019651, address: wuhan university in Wuhan, China.
Example 2:
bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 bacteriostasis test
Inoculating Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 and Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas fragi, Streptococcus agalactiae, Citrobacter freundii, Ellissakamura and Pleiomonas shigelloides into liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 30 deg.C and 200rmp for 24h, and resuspending with 0.85% sterile physiological saline to obtain final concentrations of 1 × 106CFU/mL. Respectively sucking 100 mul of pathogenic bacteria liquid, coating the pathogenic bacteria liquid on different solid culture medium flat plates, and standing in an aseptic operation table for 30min to ensure that the bacterial liquid on the surface of the culture medium is fully absorbed. Two sterile Oxford cups (with the inner diameter of 6mm) are respectively placed on the pathogen flat plate, wherein 50 mu l of Bacillus methylotrophicus is added into one Oxford cup, and 50 mu l of PBS is added into the other Oxford cup to serve as a control, and the diameter of the inhibition zone is measured after the bacteria are cultured for 24 hours. The diameter of the zone of inhibition is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 bacterial inhibition spectra of strain YFI-1
Example 3:
(1) hemolysis test
Inoculating Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 into sheep blood plate culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C in a constant temperature incubator for 24 hr, and observing whether hemolysis phenomenon exists. Reference to Luis-
The method of (1): alpha-hemolysin destroys red blood cells, producing a green lysocycle; beta-hemolysin produces a clear hemolysis loop (Luis-
et al.2011)。
Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 was found not to produce hemolysis on sheep blood plate medium.
(2) In vivo safety test
The pure culture of the strain bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is inoculated in an LB liquid culture medium, is subjected to shake culture at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rpm of 200 for 24 hours, and then is subjected to resuspension and counting by using 0.85 percent sterile normal saline. Respectively placing model animal zebra fish and gobiocypris rarus in Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 with concentration of 1 × 105CFU/mL、1×106CFU/mL、1×107CFU/mL、1×108And (3) soaking the CFU/mL bacterial solution for 2 hours, soaking a control group in PBS with the same volume, and observing the morbidity and mortality of zebra fish and gobiocypris rarus within 10 days.
The result shows that the zebra fish and gobiocypris rarus in 10 days grow well and have no death situation, which indicates that the bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is safe and non-pathogenic.
Claims (2)
1. Bacillus methylotrophicus (A)Bacillus methylotrophicus) YFI-1, wherein the accession number of Bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 is: CCTCC NO: and M2019651.
2. The use of bacillus methylotrophicus YFI-1 of claim 1 for preparing a bacteriostatic agent for aquatic bacteria, wherein the aquatic bacteria are: aeromonas veronii (Aeromonas veronii) Aeromonas hydrophila (b) ((b))Aeromonas hydrophila) Slow Edward's diseaseBacteria (A), (B)Edwardsiella tarda) Aeromonas sobria: (Aeromonas sobria) Streptococcus agalactiae (1)Streptococcus agalactiae) Or Pseudomonas fragi (A. fragrans) ((B))Pseudomonas fragi）。
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| CN102994410A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-03-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Bacillus for inhibiting saprolegnia |
| CN103320365A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fish-sourced aeromonas hydrophila disease antagonistic strain and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220718 Address after: 433100 No. 87, Aimin Road, Zhouji office, Qianjiang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Hubei Congli Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430223 No.8, wudayuan 1st Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: YANGTZE RIVER FISHERIES Research Institute CHINESE ACADEMY OF FISHERY SCIENCES |