CN110436933A - A kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material and preparation method thereof weighs TiB by weight288-95 parts of powder, 5-12 parts of graphene powder, 0.2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 1-5 parts of binder and 1-10 parts of humic acid, after ball milling mixing, drying obtains mixed-powder, spare；Forming processes are carried out to mixed-powder, obtain green compact；Green compact are placed under inert atmosphere, under the conditions of 600-900 DEG C after ungrease treatment 16-64h, 1300-1600 DEG C is warming up to, is sintered 5-50h, obtain TiB2Graphene composite cathode material.Using graphene as reinforced phase in the present invention, compared to existing aluminium cell TiB2The wettable cathode of/C has more preferably wetability；And the characteristics such as high conductivity, corrosion-resistant, low thermal coefficient of expansion and stretch-proof mechanical strength of graphene make the present invention possess the characteristics such as stronger high-temperature resistance molten salt corrodes, thermal structure is stable, high conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material and preparation method thereof, and in particular to one
Kind TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Compound wenable cathode material of graphene and preparation method thereof belongs to the preparation of aluminium electroloysis electrode material
Field.
Background technique
Existing aluminum electrolyzation technology mainly uses Hall-H é roult fused salt electrolysis process, it is desirable that its cathode material will not only have
High electric conductivity still suffers from the chemistry and physical erosion of high temperature cryolite electrolyte, and therefore, the selection of cathode material is to electrolysis
The performance of slot has very big influence.Currently, aluminium cell uses always carbonaceous material as cathode material, in order not to keep carbon negative
Pole is exposed in electrolyte, the molten aluminum kept certain height of having in electrolytic cell.But because between molten aluminum and carbon cathode material
Wetability it is very poor, molten aluminum can occur to fluctuate under the action of electromagnetic force and then lead to interface between molten aluminum and fused electrolyte
Fluctuation.And aluminium liquid height is lower, and fluctuation can be more violent, therefore existing electrolytic cell aluminium liquid height preferably must be held in 15cm or more.
In order to weaken the influence of molten aluminum and interface fluctuation to current efficiency, existing electrolytic cell must keep higher pole span, this is caused
Existing electrolytic cell must keep higher tank voltage.On the other hand, the high temperature resistant electrolyte chemical and physical erosion of carbon cathode
Ability it is weaker, this seriously affected aluminium cell efficient stable operation.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, aluminum smelting technology practitioner is made that outstanding in terms of the research of novel wettable cathode material
Contribution.Currently, due to TiB2Material has excellent electric conductivity, easily by the molten metals such as aluminium wetting, excellent corrosion-resistant
And antioxygenic property, so becoming the preferred material for manufacturing wettability inert cathode used for aluminium electrolysis, main method is by powder
Shape TiB2Highly viscous shape thickener is prepared by mixing into thermosetting resin etc. and is painted on above aluminium cell carbon cathode.Patent
US5651874, CN201110274580.X, CN1986898A and patent CN200510046638.X describe a kind of used for aluminium electrolysis
TiB2Preparation method of the C composite as cathode, but since the thermal shock resistance of coating material difference or thermal expansion coefficient are uneven
It is even, cause coating low with the adhesive strength of matrix, is easy to fall off；And coating layer thickness can unevenly cause cathode life to shorten
(cover light) or lead to cracking (overweight coating) after coating sintering.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides good a kind of pair of molten aluminum wetability, resistance to molten aluminum and high-temperature fusion ice crystal
The TiB used for aluminium electrolysis of stone infiltration and erosion, excellent in mechanical performance and high conductivity2Graphene composite cathode material and its system
Preparation Method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2The preparation method of graphene composite cathode material, includes the following steps:
S1, by weight, weighs TiB288-95 parts of powder, 5-12 parts of graphene powder, 0.2-5 parts of dispersing agent, bonding
1-5 parts of agent and 1-10 parts of humic acid, after ball milling mixing, drying obtains mixed-powder, spare；
Wherein, the TiB2The partial size of powder is 1 μm of -5mm, generally 1 μm of -1mm, preferably 10 μm -500 μm, graphite
The partial size of alkene powder is 1 μm -100 μm, generally 10-80 μm, preferably 15-60 μm；
S2, forming processes are carried out to the mixed-powder obtained in S1, obtains green compact；
S3, the green compact obtained in S2 are placed under inert atmosphere, under the conditions of 600-900 DEG C after ungrease treatment 16-64h,
It is warming up to 1300-1600 DEG C, is sintered 5-50h, obtains TiB2Graphene composite cathode material；
Alternatively, by weight, weighing TiB288-95 parts of powder, 0.2-5 parts of dispersing agent, glues 5-12 parts of graphene powder
Agent 1-5 parts and 1-10 parts of humic acid of knot after ball milling mixing is uniform, obtains mixture；The mixture is coated on carbon block again
On, generally, coating thickness should be not less than 0.2mm；Then in 1300-1600 DEG C of sintering 5-50h, obtaining surface has TiB2-
The cathode material of graphene composite material layer.
Further, in S1, the dispersing agent is water, benzene neighbour dioctyl phthalate, alcohol, at least one in polyacrylamide solution
Kind；The binder is at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, vinyl acetate, and further, the binder is
Epoxy resin E-44, viscosity average molecular weigh are at least one of the furane resins of 5000-6000, vinyl acetate.
Further, S1, by weight, weighs TiB290-94 parts of powder, 6-10 parts of graphene powder, dispersing agent
0.2-3 parts, 2-4 parts of binder and 3-8 parts of humic acid, after ball milling mixing, drying obtains mixed-powder, spare.
Further, in S1, rotational speed of ball-mill is that 80-120 turns/min, ratio of grinding media to material 3-5:1, and the ball milling mixing time is 4-
8h。
Further, in S1, drying and processing is carried out under the conditions of 100-130 DEG C, the drying and processing time is 4-24h.
Further, in S2, forming method is one of compression molding, vibration moulding, cold isostatic compaction.
Further, in S2, when using compression molding or cold isostatic compaction, briquetting pressure 200MPa-400MPa.
Further, in S3, in skimming processes, atmosphere oxygen content is controlled in 10-50ppm；In sintering process, atmosphere is controlled
Oxygen content is 1-10ppm.
Further, in S3, the inert atmosphere is Ar, N2、CO2One of or its mixed atmosphere.
Further, in S3, sintering process is hot pressed sintering, and sintering pressure is 1.5-6 tons, preferably 5-6 tons.
Further, in S3, sintering temperature is preferably 1500 DEG C.
A kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material is prepared by preparation method as described above.
In the present invention, unique morphology possessed by the humic acid that is added is bonded to each other with graphene, can not destroyed
The dispersibility of graphene is improved in the case where graphene surface morphosis；Simultaneously as humic acid is with similar with graphene
Structure and morphology, this can assist the performance of enhancing composite material to a certain extent.
Graphene, a kind of typical two-dimensional material have very high draw ratio and superpower mechanical property, and such as fabulous is tough
Property and the characteristics such as tensile strength and high heat conductance, high conductivity, corrosion-resistant, low thermal coefficient of expansion, and applicant passes through reason
There is (the patent application submitted before this referring to applicant of splendid wetability between molten aluminum and graphene by calculating to demonstrate
It CN201910564735.X), therefore is the ideal reinforced phase for preparing composite material.Graphene is as reinforced phase and TiB2It is multiple
It closes, can largely enhance mechanical property and the high high-temp stability etc. of composite material.The resistivity of graphene is only 1 μ
The resistivity of Ω cm, titanium boride are 14.4 μ Ω cm, and mixing step, graphene dispersion is in the relatively large titanium boride of partial size
Surface, after sintering, graphene is filled in the gap location between boride titanium particle, so that closely connecting between boride titanium particle, causes
Density is high, forms the composite material that mechanical property is good and electric conductivity is excellent.
TiB of the invention2Graphene composite cathode material, it is fabulous with molten aluminum wetability, it can effectively resist molten aluminum and height
The erosion of warm electrolyte, the performance and high conductivity for having fabulous high-temperature resistance molten salt to corrode, can satisfy new and effective
The needs of green aluminium electrolytic cell cathode；Also, TiB2These performances that graphene composite material possesses are but also the material can
For aluminium electroloysis electrode coating material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having following distinguishing feature:
(1) using graphene as reinforced phase in the present invention, compared to existing aluminium cell TiB2The wettable cathode of/C, tool
There is more preferably wetability；And the characteristics such as high conductivity, corrosion-resistant, low thermal coefficient of expansion and stretch-proof mechanical strength of graphene
The characteristics such as stronger high-temperature resistance molten salt corrodes, thermal structure is stable so that the present invention possesses, high conductivity, without having to worry about with
The growth of active time, reinforced phase or continuous phase between titanium boride fall off and influence the materials'use service life.
(2) present invention is in TiB2Humic acid is introduced in graphene composite cathode material, unique structure can not broken
The dispersibility of graphene is improved in the case where bad graphene surface morphosis, so that the Density Distribution of graphene is more uniform,
Compared to existing TiB2C composite, the compactness that the present invention is sintered the composite material obtained are more preferable.
(3) present invention uses TiB2Graphene composite material is as aluminium electrolysis cathode material, with existing aluminium cell
TiB2Wettable cathode is compared, and the caducous disadvantage of coating material is eliminated；Further using composite material as cathode
Material, it is strong with carbon substrate binding ability, significantly extend the service life of cathode material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow chart of preparation method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following description describe optional embodiment of the invention with instruct those of ordinary skill in the art how to implement and
Reproduce the present invention.
Embodiment 1
By 95gTiB2Powder, 5g Graphene powder, 1g water, 2g epoxy resin and 1g humic acid use ball milling mixing 4h, In
Dry 10h under 100 DEG C of environment, carries out vibration moulding under the pressure of 200MPa and obtains TiB2Graphene composite material green compact, will
Green compact are placed in electric furnace, and ungrease treatment is carried out in inertia protective atmosphere, and skimming temp is 600 DEG C, degreasing time 64h,
Oxygen content is 50ppm in atmosphere；Then it is sintered under Ar protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1600 with the speed of 50 DEG C/h
It DEG C is sintered, keeps the temperature 5h, O in sintering process2Content be 1ppm, sintering pressure be 2 tons；Obtain TiB2Graphene is compound
Cathode material.
Embodiment 2
By 60gTiB2Powder, 40g Graphene powder, 2g alcohol, 3g phenolic resin and 5g humic acid use ball milling mixing 6h,
The dry 10h under 110 DEG C of environment, carries out vibration moulding under the pressure of 300MPa and obtains TiB2Graphene composite material green compact,
Green compact are placed in electric furnace, ungrease treatment is carried out in inertia protective atmosphere, skimming temp is 800 DEG C, and degreasing time is
48h, oxygen content is 30ppm in atmosphere；Then it is sintered under Ar protective atmosphere, is warming up to the speed of 50 DEG C/h
1500 DEG C are sintered, and keep the temperature 20h, O in sintering process2Content be 5ppm, sintering pressure be 3 tons；Obtain TiB2Graphite
Alkene composite cathode material.
Embodiment 3
By 30gTiB2Powder, 70g Graphene powder, 5g benzene neighbour dioctyl phthalate, 5g vinyl acetate and 10g humic acid use ball
Mill mixing 4h, the dry 10h under 100 DEG C of environment, carries out vibration moulding under the pressure of 200MPa and obtains TiB2Graphene is compound
Material green compact, green compact are placed in electric furnace, and ungrease treatment is carried out in inertia protective atmosphere, and skimming temp is 900 DEG C, degreasing
Time is 64h, and oxygen content is 10ppm in atmosphere；Then it is sintered under Ar protective atmosphere, with the speed of 50 DEG C/h
It is warming up to 1300 DEG C to be sintered, keeps the temperature 40h, O in sintering process2Content be 10ppm, sintering pressure be 4 tons；Obtain
TiB2Graphene composite cathode material.
Embodiment 4
By 60gTiB2Powder, 40g Graphene powder, 2g alcohol, 3g phenolic resin and 10g humic acid use ball milling mixing 6h,
The dry 10h under 110 DEG C of environment, carries out vibration moulding under the pressure of 300MPa and obtains TiB2Graphene composite material green compact,
Green compact are placed in electric furnace, ungrease treatment is carried out in inertia protective atmosphere, skimming temp is 800 DEG C, and degreasing time is
48h, oxygen content is 30ppm in atmosphere；Then it is sintered under Ar protective atmosphere, is warming up to the speed of 50 DEG C/h
1500 DEG C are sintered, and keep the temperature 20h, O in sintering process2Content be 5ppm, sintering pressure be 3 tons；Obtain TiB2Graphite
Alkene composite cathode material.
Comparative example 1
By 60gTiB2Powder, 40g Graphene powder, 2g alcohol, 3g phenolic resin use ball milling mixing 6h, under 110 DEG C of environment
Dry 10h carries out vibration moulding under the pressure of 300MPa and obtains TiB2Green compact are placed on electricity by graphene composite material green compact
In furnace, ungrease treatment is carried out in inertia protective atmosphere, skimming temp is 800 DEG C, degreasing time 48h, and oxygen contains in atmosphere
Amount is 30ppm；Then it is sintered under Ar protective atmosphere, is warming up to 1500 DEG C with the speed of 50 DEG C/h and is burnt
Knot keeps the temperature 20h, O in sintering process2Content be 5ppm, sintering pressure be 3 tons；Obtain TiB2Graphene composite cathode material
Material.
Embodiment 5
By 60gTiB2Powder, 40g Graphene powder, 5g alcohol, 5g phenolic resin and 10g humic acid use ball milling mixing 6h,
Mixture is uniformly applied on carbon brick and is compressed, the carbon block for being coated with mixture is sintered place under Ar protective atmosphere
Reason, sintering temperature are 1500 DEG C, sintering time 5h, O in sintering process2Content be 5ppm；Obtained on carbon block surface
TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite material coating, the carbon block with the coating can be used as aluminium cell wenable cathode material
Material.
Table 1 is the performance test parameter of embodiment 1-6.
1 embodiment performance test parametric results table of table
The content that above-described embodiment illustrates should be understood as that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that the present invention, without
For limiting the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalent forms of the invention
Modification each fall within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2The preparation method of graphene composite cathode material, which comprises the steps of:
S1, by weight, weighs TiB288-95 parts of powder, 5-12 parts of graphene powder, 0.2-5 parts of dispersing agent, binder 1-5
Part and 1-10 part of humic acid, after ball milling mixing, drying, acquisition mixed-powder, it is spare；
Wherein, the TiB2The partial size of powder is 1 μm of -5mm, and the partial size of graphene powder is 1 μm -100 μm；
S2, forming processes are carried out to the mixed-powder obtained in S1, obtains green compact；
S3, the green compact obtained in S2 are placed under inert atmosphere, under the conditions of 600-900 DEG C after ungrease treatment 16-64h, heating
To 1300-1600 DEG C, it is sintered 5-50h, obtains TiB2Graphene composite cathode material；
Alternatively, by weight, weighing TiB288-95 parts of powder, 5-12 parts of graphene powder, 0.2-5 parts of dispersing agent, binder
1-5 parts and 1-10 parts of humic acid, after ball milling mixing is uniform, obtain mixture；The mixture is coated in carbon block again, it is thick
Degree should be not less than 0.2mm；Then in 1300-1600 DEG C of sintering 5-50h, obtaining surface has TiB2Graphene composite material layer
Cathode material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, the dispersing agent be water, benzene neighbour dioctyl phthalate,
At least one of alcohol, polyacrylamide solution；The binder is epoxy resin, in phenolic resin, vinyl acetate
It is at least one.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, rotational speed of ball-mill is that 80-120 turns/min, ball material
Than for 3-5:1, the ball milling mixing time is 4-8h.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, carried out at drying under the conditions of 100-130 DEG C
Reason, drying and processing time are 4-24h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S2, forming method be compression molding, vibrate at
One of type, cold isostatic compaction.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S3, in skimming processes, control atmosphere oxygen content exists
10-50ppm；In sintering process, control atmosphere oxygen content is 1-10ppm.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S3, the inert atmosphere is Ar, N2、CO2One of
Or its mixed atmosphere.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S3, sintering process is hot pressed sintering, sintering pressure
It is 1.5-6 tons.
9. a kind of TiB used for aluminium electrolysis2Graphene composite cathode material, which is characterized in that as described in claim any one of 1-8
Preparation method be prepared.
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| CN115612371A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏萃隆精密铜管股份有限公司 | Copper-based alloy pipe for seawater desalination and preparation method thereof |
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