CN110434502A - A kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders and method based on laser cleaning - Google Patents
A kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders and method based on laser cleaning Download PDFInfo
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- CN110434502A CN110434502A CN201910648825.7A CN201910648825A CN110434502A CN 110434502 A CN110434502 A CN 110434502A CN 201910648825 A CN201910648825 A CN 201910648825A CN 110434502 A CN110434502 A CN 110434502A
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- Prior art keywords
- welding
- laser
- laser cleaning
- aluminium alloy
- line aluminium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders and method based on laser cleaning in aluminum alloy solder technology field, it aims to solve the problem that before Al alloy parts weldering in the prior art and postwelding cleaning work large labor intensity, working efficiency is low, weld the technical issues of harmful substance of generation causes damages to environment and human body.Welding gun is mounted on welding gantry；The laser that laser issues irradiates on the surface of the workpiece through laser cleaning head, and laser is mounted on welding gantry, and laser cleaning head is mounted on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance；Dust pelletizing system suction inlet is mounted on adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper.Go oxide film dissolving synchronous with welding before welding in the present invention, it is no additional technique time, to improve cleaning efficiency and workpiece welding efficiency in welding gun backhaul when progress that postwelding, which clears up grey black,；The air of purification is discharged in oxidation film, the dust of dust pelletizing system synchronous collection in the welding process after filtering, damages to environment and human body few.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum alloy solder technology fields, and in particular to a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profiles based on laser cleaning
Welder and method.
Background technique
Stomata problem is the core difficulties of domestic and international aluminum alloy piping welding at present.Hydrogen blistering will be generated when aluminum alloy piping welding
With its distinctive air vent of craft.The formation of hydrogen blistering is under high temperature during welding pool solidifies and is quickly cooled down, and hydrogen comes
Not as good as overflowing, hydrogen blistering is easily formed.The molten bath of air vent of craft being formed as in welding process is unstable, causes to weld
Unstability in journey is air vent of craft Producing reason.And primary oxidation film and its crystallization water are thermally decomposed into H in welding2
And O2, H2Hydrogen blistering, O are formed within a fitting2Oxidation film is then formed in molten bath influences air vent of craft generation.Therefore surface film oxide
Survival aluminum alloy piping welding stomata is had significant effect.It needs to effectively remove traditional mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning before weldering to deposit
In large labor intensity, processing consistency difference and to the environmental disruption limitation such as big, need to find a kind of green, efficient mode to solve
Certainly.Mainly use the laser pre-treated of non-contact, pollution-free and high-quality effect to solve the above problems in the invention patent.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders and method based on laser cleaning, with
The labor intensity for solving Al alloy parts preweld cleaning oxidation film in the prior art and postwelding cleaning grey black is big, working efficiency
It is low, the technical issues of harmful substance generated in welding causes damages to environment and human body.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy types based on laser cleaning
Material welder, including control system, the control system connecting welding system, laser cleaning system, dust pelletizing system, the weldering
Welding system includes welding gun, and the welding gun is mounted on welding gantry；The laser cleaning system includes laser, the laser
The laser of sending irradiates on the surface of the workpiece through laser cleaning head, and the laser is mounted on welding gantry, and the laser is clear
Hair washing is mounted on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance by adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper；The dust pelletizing system includes inhaling
Dirt mouth, the suction inlet are mounted on adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper by suction inlet fixture.
The dust pelletizing system includes smoke purifier or dust catcher, and smoke purifier or dust catcher pass through fire prevention hose
Connect suction inlet.
The laser is hundred nanosecond fiber pulse lasers.
The spot diameter of the laser is 0.03mm ~ 0.1mm, and pulse energy is 0.5 ~ 100mJ.
The overlapping rate of the hot spot is 0.5 ~ 0.7.
The laser cleaning head includes isolator, homogenizer, Y galvanometer, X galvanometer, F lens.
A kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welding methods based on laser cleaning, comprising the following steps:
A, 6 line aluminium alloy profiles to be welded are installed on the workbench, adjustment welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet it is opposite
Position；
B, laser cleaning head is adjusted；
C, technological parameter is set by controller；
D, dust catcher or smoke purifier are opened, starts laser, begins a clean up the oxidation film on welded workpiece surface；
E, start welding machine, welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet are with welding gantry synchronizing moving；
F, after completing welding, welding machine is closed, welding gantry reverse movement clears up postwelding grey black；
G, step c ~ f is repeated to the welding effect and oxidation film that reach requirement and the cleaning effect of postwelding grey black；
H, the welding that step a ~ g completes next 6 line aluminium alloy profile is repeated.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention:
(1) go oxide film dissolving synchronous with welding before welding in the present invention, postwelding cleaning grey black is in welding gun backhaul when progress, without additional
Process time substantially increases cleaning efficiency and workpiece welding efficiency relative to traditional mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning means；
(2) laser cleaning head is installed on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance, adjustable type by adjustable type clamper in the present invention
Angle of welding gun variation bring focal variation can be effectively reduced in clamper, and focal length is kept to stablize；
(3) oxidation film, the dust of dust pelletizing system synchronous collection in the welding process in the present invention, the discharge purification after filtering
Air damages environment and human body few.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of principle of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders based on laser cleaning provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of laser cleaning of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders based on laser cleaning provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Head and suction inlet positional diagram；
Fig. 3 be a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders based on laser cleaning provided in an embodiment of the present invention weldering before laser
Pretreatment and postwelding grey black cleaning effect schematic diagram；
In figure: 1. lasers；11. optical fiber；2. laser cleaning head；21. isolator；22. homogenizer；23.Y galvanometer；24.X galvanometer；
25.F lens；26. Gaussian beam；27. hot spot；3. adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper；4. suction inlet；5. workpiece；6. welding gun；
7. workbench；8. controller；91. arc welding molten bath；92. laser line spot；α indicates laser beam and workpiece surface to be cleaned
Angle, β indicate that the angle of suction inlet and workpiece surface to be cleaned, γ indicate that suction inlet is made at a distance from use with laser beam.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders based on laser cleaning, including control system
System, control system connecting welding system, laser cleaning system, dust pelletizing system, welding system include weldering using MIG automatic welder
Rifle, the welding gun are mounted on welding gantry.Laser cleaning system includes laser, and the laser that laser issues is through laser cleaning
On the surface of the workpiece, laser uses hundred nanosecond fiber pulse lasers, and small in size, maintenance cost is low for head irradiation, and laser is flat
Equal power is 30W ~ 1000W, and turnable pulse width is 100 ~ 300ns, and laser repetition rate is 10 ~ 1000kHz, and laser spot diameter is
0.03mm ~ 0.1mm, pulse energy are 0.5 ~ 100mJ.The region that single sweep operation arrives when laser spot diameter influences laser cleaning is wide
Degree, hot spot is smaller, and the region that covers is narrower when single cleaning scanning, and positioning accuracy when cleaning is higher, is conducive to clean workpiece
Surface dead angle.Average laser power influences cleaning quality, and pulsewidth influences heat effect effect, and repetition rate influences single light spot energy
Injection, spot diameter influence cleaning area, and pulse energy effects clean pattern and cleaning effect, using the parameter in above range
It can get good cleaning quality.
Laser is mounted on welding gantry, and with welding gantry synchronizing moving, laser cleaning head is clear by adjustable type laser
Hair washing clamper is mounted on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance, when welding gantry-travelling, the Gauss that is projected by laser cleaning head
Light beam is radiated at workpiece surface to be welded, and the oxidation film of workpiece surface is cleaned up, and welding gun will clean up oxidation film
Workpiece is welded.Package isolation device in laser cleaning head, isolator one end are successively connected by optical fiber connecting laser, the other end
Homogenizer, Y galvanometer, X galvanometer, F lens are connect, laser via is formed；Isolator, homogenizer, Y galvanometer, X galvanometer, F lens composition envelope
Light path system is filled, encapsulation light path system size is about 8 × 8 × 30cm, encapsulates galvanometer system built in light path system, including Y galvanometer
With X galvanometer, by galvanometer system adjust Gaussian spot size and arrangement, adjustment line spacing guarantee hot spot overlapping rate be 0.5 ~
0.7.Assume that x wire spot diameter is d1, vertical line spot diameter is d2, lateral linear light spot diameter is d3, overlapping rate ε1, ε2
Meet condition are as follows: d1=ε1d3, d2=ε2d3, ε1, ε2Entire surface light may be implemented in ∈ (0.5,0.7), the overlapping rate for reasonably selecting hot spot
Spot solid matter exceeds this range effects processing efficiency.
Dust pelletizing system includes smoke purifier or dust catcher, and smoke purifier or dust catcher pass through fire prevention hose connection
Suction inlet, suction inlet are mounted on adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper by suction inlet fixture.The oxidation film that is cleaned out and
Dust enters smoke purifier or dust catcher by suction inlet.Smoke purifier is used in this implementation, is purified through smoke purifier
Become innocuous gas discharge after processing.After one weld seam completes welding, welding gantry returns to starting point, during return,
Welding gun stops working, and laser cleaning head continues through the grey black and weldering that Gaussian beam irradiation face of weld is formed in the welding process
Slag removes it, while dust pelletizing system works on, by the processing of the scrap concretes such as grey black and welding slag.Before being welded in the present invention
Go oxide film dissolving synchronous with welding, it is in welding gun backhaul when progress, no additional technique time, relative to tradition that postwelding, which clears up grey black,
Mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning means, substantially increase cleaning efficiency and workpiece welding efficiency, save a large amount of manpower and material resources；
The wastes such as oxidation film, dust, the welding slag of dust pelletizing system synchronous collection in the welding process are discharged purified after filtering
Air damages environment and human body few.
During laser cleaning, because workpiece surface has certain out-of-flatness after processing, there is fluctuating in microstructure,
So using Diode laser technology, which, which treat laser when the surface of cleaning workpiece is cleaned, allows workpiece surface to have
Certain difference in height, this difference in height about 1cm.
A kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welding methods based on laser cleaning, comprising the following steps:
A, 6 line aluminium alloy profiles to be welded are installed on the workbench, laser cleaning head are moved to operating position, adjustment is inhaled
The position of dirt device, the relative position of adjustment welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet.Suitable α, β, γ parameter is adjusted, α indicates to swash
The angle of light beam and workpiece surface to be cleaned, β indicate that the angle of suction inlet and workpiece surface to be cleaned, γ indicate suction inlet and swash
Light beam makees the distance of use.
B, laser cleaning head is adjusted, after completing the inspection of equipment early period, laser pre-treated is adjusted and encapsulates light path system, guarantee burnt
Away from Stable Length；
C, technological parameter is set by controller, the Gaussian beam that adjustment laser cleaning hair goes out, mean power, which is set separately, is
30W ~ 500W, turnable pulse width be 100 ~ 300ns, laser repetition rate be 10 ~ 1000kHz, laser spot diameter be 0.03mm ~
0.1mm, pulse energy 1.5mJ.
D, dust catcher or smoke purifier are opened, laser galvanometer system starts start laser, begin a clean up to be welded
Connect the oxidation film of workpiece surface；
E, start welding machine, welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet are with welding gantry synchronizing moving；As shown in figure 3, the linear light of laser
Spot is welded immediately along cleaning of surfaces to be welded oxidation film, the instant arc welding molten bath in rear, the workpiece after cleaning, avoids oxidation
The influence of film and dust to weldquality；
F, after completing welding, welding machine is closed, welding gantry reverse movement, laser, laser galvanometer system work on, until weldering
Postwelding grey black cleans out at seam；
G, observation treated effect, according to treated surface state, repeat step c ~ f to the welding effect for reaching requirement and
The cleaning effect of oxidation film and postwelding grey black；
H, the welding that step a ~ g completes next 6 line aluminium alloy profile is repeated.
Laser cleaning head is installed on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance, adjustable type by adjustable type clamper in the present invention
Angle of welding gun variation bring focal variation can be effectively reduced in laser cleaning head gripper, and focal length is kept to stablize.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders based on laser cleaning, characterized in that including control system, the control
System connecting welding system, laser cleaning system, dust pelletizing system, the welding system include welding gun, and the welding gun is mounted on weldering
On building sequence door；The laser cleaning system includes laser, and the laser that the laser issues is radiated at work through laser cleaning head
On part surface, the laser is mounted on welding gantry, and the laser cleaning head passes through adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper
It is mounted on the welding gun front end of welding gun direction of advance；The dust pelletizing system includes suction inlet, and the suction inlet passes through suction inlet fixture
It is mounted on adjustable type laser cleaning head gripper.
2. the 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders according to claim 1 based on laser cleaning, characterized in that described to remove
Dirt system includes smoke purifier or dust catcher, and smoke purifier or dust catcher pass through fire prevention hose connection suction inlet.
3. the 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders according to claim 1 based on laser cleaning, characterized in that described to swash
Light device is hundred nanosecond fiber pulse lasers.
4. the 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders according to claim 1 based on laser cleaning, characterized in that described to swash
The spot diameter of light is 0.03mm ~ 0.1mm, and pulse energy is 0.5 ~ 100mJ.
5. the 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders according to claim 4 based on laser cleaning, characterized in that the light
The overlapping rate of spot is 0.5 ~ 0.7.
6. the 6 line aluminium alloy profile welders according to claim 1 based on laser cleaning, characterized in that described to swash
Light cleaning head includes isolator, homogenizer, Y galvanometer, X galvanometer, F lens.
7. a kind of 6 line aluminium alloy profile welding methods based on laser cleaning, characterized in that the following steps are included:
A, 6 line aluminium alloy profiles to be welded are installed on the workbench, adjustment welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet it is opposite
Position；
B, laser cleaning head is adjusted；
C, technological parameter is set by controller；
D, dust catcher or smoke purifier are opened, starts laser, begins a clean up the oxidation film on welded workpiece surface；
E, start welding machine, welding gun, laser cleaning head, suction inlet are with welding gantry synchronizing moving；
F, after completing welding, welding machine is closed, welding gantry reverse movement clears up postwelding grey black；
G, step c ~ f is repeated to the welding effect and oxidation film that reach requirement and the cleaning effect of postwelding grey black；
H, the welding that step a ~ g completes next 6 line aluminium alloy profile is repeated.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110976438A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉翔明激光科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy automobile body section bar welds preceding, welds back laser equipment of polishing |
| CN111496430A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | High-voltage switch aluminum alloy shell welding method and device based on laser cleaning |
| CN111889854A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | Laser cleaning welding trolley and control method |
| CN112371653A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Laser cleaning method for removing oxide skin on surface of titanium alloy |
| CN112453710A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Welding method for automatically cleaning weld joints before and after welding |
| CN112475505A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-12 | 爱发科电子材料（苏州）有限公司 | Welding structure and welding method for target and back plate |
| CN112548477A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-03-26 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Aluminum alloy spiral welded pipe welding pretreatment method based on laser cleaning technology |
| CN112620257A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Laser cleaning equipment and cleaning method for high-voltage switch shell |
| CN112725794A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Laser head, high-speed laser cladding equipment and method |
| CN114289869A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser stitch welding method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110976438A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉翔明激光科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy automobile body section bar welds preceding, welds back laser equipment of polishing |
| CN111496430A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | High-voltage switch aluminum alloy shell welding method and device based on laser cleaning |
| CN111889854A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | Laser cleaning welding trolley and control method |
| CN111889854B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-05-13 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | Laser cleaning welding trolley and control method |
| CN112548477A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-03-26 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Aluminum alloy spiral welded pipe welding pretreatment method based on laser cleaning technology |
| CN112371653A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Laser cleaning method for removing oxide skin on surface of titanium alloy |
| CN112475505A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-12 | 爱发科电子材料（苏州）有限公司 | Welding structure and welding method for target and back plate |
| CN112453710A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Welding method for automatically cleaning weld joints before and after welding |
| CN112725794A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Laser head, high-speed laser cladding equipment and method |
| CN112620257A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Laser cleaning equipment and cleaning method for high-voltage switch shell |
| CN114289869A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser stitch welding method |
| CN114289869B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-10-27 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser stitch welding method |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |
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