CN110433595A - A kind of multi-functional waste gas purification agent set and its system - Google Patents
A kind of multi-functional waste gas purification agent set and its system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110433595A CN110433595A CN201810420126.2A CN201810420126A CN110433595A CN 110433595 A CN110433595 A CN 110433595A CN 201810420126 A CN201810420126 A CN 201810420126A CN 110433595 A CN110433595 A CN 110433595A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
- B01D53/185—Liquid distributors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
- B01D2252/103—Water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
Abstract
Present invention discloses a kind of agent set, set and the spraying zone separated by walling of flue and dedusting area, dedusting area include: several adsorbents including being enclosed by support plate, the adsorbent includes the cone of no bottom surface, and the conical surface of cone is in netted multilayered structure;Hollow region in the cone of the adsorbent is arranged in rinsing module;The spraying zone includes: the reaction tube nozzle of reverse setting in spray structure, including several reaction tubes and the reaction tube.The invention also discloses a kind of multi-functional waste gas cleaning systems, including agent set, and the system further comprises: an auxiliary device, it include: a mixed liquor storage and delivery system, including mixed solution container, blender is equipped in the mixed solution container, for preventing from precipitating and be sufficiently stirred;One mixed liquor neutralizes and discharging system.The flue gas and mixed liquor of the present apparatus, spraying zone carry out all standing, high speed, after strong impacting type contact, SO can be removed3The inclusion enclave of drop and dust particles, while the fine defogging dust removing effects of adsorbent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device technical field of purification exhaust gas, specifically a kind of multi-functional waste gas purification main bodys
Device and its system.
Background technique
Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Committee of Development and Reform, Bureau of Energy's joint publication " implement in full coal-burning power plant's minimum discharge and reducing energy consumption work
Scheme ", specify minimum discharge timetable.Main target to the year two thousand twenty, strive by all coal-burning power plants for having transformation condition in the whole nation
Realizing minimum discharge, (i.e. under the conditions of benchmark oxygen content 6%, flue dust, sulfur dioxide, discharged nitrous oxides concentration be not high respectively
In 10,35,50 milligrams/cubic metre).The conditional newly-built Thermal generation unit in the whole nation reaches minimum discharge level.Accelerate existing
It uses as a servant Thermal generation unit minimum discharge and paces is transformed, the minimum discharge completed before the original plan the year two thousand twenty of eastern region transformation is appointed
Business is totally completed before being advanced to 2017, and the requirement to eastern region is gradually extended to national conditional region, wherein in
Portion strives in area being basically completed before 2018, and west area is completed before the year two thousand twenty.
Currently, domestic minimum discharge renovation technique is primarily present following several respects problem:
1, denitration qualified discharge under running on the lower load
Currently, denitrating technique mainstream technology is SCR and SNCR.Wherein, SCR catalyst requires input gas temperature 320
Between DEG C -400 DEG C, and boiler is in running on the lower load, the relatively low i.e. SCR reactor inlet flue gas temperature of economizer exit flue-gas temperature
Degree is lower than catalyst activity reaction temperature, so that SCR denitration efficiency declines, and causes the escaping of ammonia exceeded.It is classified using economizer
Arrangement modification scheme can solve the problems, such as, but retrofit work amount is larger, narrow space be transformed, boiler needs blowing out during transformation, makes
At larger economic loss.
It is excellent since system is simple and reliable, operating cost is low etc. although denitration efficiency is without SCR high for SNCR technique
Gesture is widely applied in circulating fluidized bed boiler and medium small boiler, but the best burner hearth reaction temperature of SNCR technique
Between 750 DEG C -1100 DEG C, in boiler at low load operating condition, denitration efficiency is very low.The outer ozone denitration of existing furnace at present and double
Oxygen water denitrating technique has a small amount of application, but all in the presence of investment it is big, energy consumption is high, ozone and hydrogen peroxide are toxic, hydrogen peroxide have it is quick-fried
A series of problems, such as fried property, denitration efficiency are lower and are only applicable to ammonia desulfurizing process, can not large-scale promotion.
2, desulphurization system need to carry out transformation for increasing productiion capacity
Currently, desulfurization synergistic renovation technique is mature, effect is obvious, but require without exception to former desulfuration absorbing tower into
Row transformation, project amount is larger, and improvement cost is higher, and transformation is pressed for time.
3, dust minimum discharge is transformed
Currently, dust minimum discharge renovation technique, which mainly has, installs wet electrical dust precipitator, transformation installation bundled tube demisting additional
It is more mature to install modes, the technologies such as pallet in device, desulfurizing tower additional.But investment is big, transformation is pressed for time, system complex, has corrosion and blocks up
Phenomena such as plug, fluctuation of service.Wherein, wet electrical dust precipitator volume is larger, and not all enterprise has ready conditions installation.
4, minimum discharge desulfurization wastewater zero-emission problem
Existing desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge technology mainly has flue evaporation technology, and influence of the technology to downstream deduster is also
There is no conclusion, does not have the condition of large-scale promotion also.There are also be exactly conventional evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing technique, embrane method filtering class
Technique and salt concentration technology, but system complex, investment is very big, and can not accomplish real zero-emission.
By long-term engineering practice and theoretical research, the present invention is lacked according to the excellent of the various technologies of current domestic minimum discharge
Point is analyzed and summarized, and in line with novel, innovation and simple and practical principle, and successfully carries out industrial applications, is formed a kind of complete
New multi-functional waste gas purification apparatus, the device have invest small, improvement project amount small (not needing that original absorption tower is transformed),
All coal-burning boilers are almost applicable in, all sulfur removal technologies, desulfurization and dedusting is almost applicable in and can be easily reached national minimum discharge mark
Quasi-, denitration can solve underload problem and reach desulfurization wastewater zero-emission truly.Which solves ultralow at present
The main problem encountered in discharge transformation has great politics and economic significance.
Summary of the invention
It should be appreciated that the general description and the following detailed description more than disclosure be all it is exemplary and illustrative,
And it is intended that the disclosure as claimed in claim provides further explanation.
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of structure to solve the above-mentioned shortcoming in existing minimum discharge technology
Think uniqueness, structure novel, simple and safe multi-functional waste gas cleaning system.The invention discloses a kind of agent set, packets
It includes to be enclosed by support plate and set and by the spraying zone of walling of flue separation and dedusting area, which is characterized in that
The dedusting area includes:
Several adsorbents, the adsorbent include the cone of no bottom surface, and the conical surface of the cone is in netted multilayered structure;
Hollow region in the cone of the adsorbent is arranged in rinsing module;
The spraying zone includes:
The reaction tube nozzle of reverse setting in spray structure, including several reaction tubes and the reaction tube.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that the rinsing module into
One step includes:
If being connected along the flushing main pipeline of the cone center axial direction, with the flushing main pipeline and at an angle
Dry to rinse lateral, several adsorbent flooding nozzles are arranged on the flushing lateral.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that several reaction tubes
It is cylindrical, it is arranged in parallel along flow of flue gas direction.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that the reaction tube includes
Carbon steel pipe and ceramic lining, each reaction tube are equipped with 1~3 uniformly distributed nozzle flange interface.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that the material of the support plate
Material includes carbon steel and glass flake, and the reaction tube is fully welded with the walling of flue and connect with the support plate, the support plate.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that the conical surface of the cone
Material includes 2205, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of agent sets, which is characterized in that the netted multilayer knot
100~150mm of thickness of structure, voidage are 0.978~0.989.
The present invention further discloses a kind of multi-functional waste gas cleaning system, including master described in above-mentioned any one
Body device, which is characterized in that the system further comprises:
One auxiliary device, comprising:
One mixed liquor storage and delivery system, including mixed solution container, the mixed solution container is interior to be equipped with blender, uses
In preventing from precipitating and be sufficiently stirred;
One mixed liquor neutralizes and discharging system.
It is preferable to the present invention further discloses a kind of multi-functional waste gas cleaning system, which is characterized in that institute
Stating mixed liquor storage and delivery system further comprises:
Mixture pump, the reaction tube the mixed liquor of mixed solution container to be sent to the agent set respectively spray
Mouth and mixed liquor neutralization and discharging system.
In purification system of the invention, agent set is mounted in the flue between desulfuration absorbing tower outlet and chimney
Portion, agent set are divided into two parts, and front is spraying zone, and rear portion is dedusting area, and spraying zone is by reaction tube and nozzle and pipeline group
At dedusting area is made of adsorbent and flooding nozzle and pipeline, and the nozzle of spraying zone sprays absorbable SO2, NOx, dust, mercury
And other are oxidized the mixing liquid of rear solable matter, mixing liquid main component can be ammonium persulfate solution or water
Or Ca (OH)2, mixing liquid provides the flow needed and pressure by mixed liquor circulating pump, in mixed liquor circulating-pump outlet point one
Mixing liquid is sent into neutralizing tank, is added Ca (OH) by branch2By in mixed liquor dust technology and dilute sulfuric acid neutralize after use simultaneously
It is pumped into SNCR system urea storage tank, coal-burning boiler is then pumped by urea liquid conveying, when using water or Ca
(OH)2SNCR system urea storage tank can be sent directly into when liquid, then by urea liquid conveying be pumped into coal-burning boiler or
Person is sent into existing desulfuration absorbing tower.Urea and mixed liquor carry out desulfurization and denitration reaction and evaporating completely in boiler furnace.
Mixing liquid after spraying zone reaction returns to circulatory pool or tank through reflux line, in dedusting area, is acted on by adsorbent by powder
Dirt and droplet Adsorption, the liquid containing dust and droplet also flow into the circulatory pool of mixing liquid, mixing liquid after rinsing
Ingredient can need at most be provided simultaneously with desulphurization and denitration, dedusting and the removal of mercury using heterogeneity according to different functions, and
Remove the function for the solable matter that other can be oxidized.The liquid level of circulatory pool or tank can be supplemented by adsorbent flushing water or
The machine sealing flushing water of person's desulfurizing tower circulating pump supplements, can also be by untreated desulfurization wastewater or treated that desulfurization wastewater is made
Water is supplemented for mixed liquor, the real zero-emission playing function of desulfurization wastewater may be implemented, auxiliary system includes mixed liquor storage and delivery system
System, mixed liquor neutralizes and transportation system, technique water system, medicine system and matched electrical I&C system.
Detailed description of the invention
Example is described implementation of the disclosure with detailed reference to attached drawing now.Now with detailed reference to the preferred implementation of the disclosure
Example, its example is shown in the drawings.In the case of any possible, it will be indicated in all the appended drawings using identical label
The same or similar part.In addition, although term used in the disclosure is selected from public term,
It is some terms mentioned in present disclosure specification may be that applicant by his or her judgement carrys out selection, contain in detail
Justice illustrates in the relevant portion of description herein.Furthermore, it is desirable that not only by used actual terms, and be also to
The disclosure is understood by meaning that each term is contained.
In the following, referring to attached drawing, for those skilled in the art, from detailed description of the present invention, this
The above and other objects, features and advantages of invention will be evident.
Fig. 1 is the application schematic diagram of the multi-functional waste gas cleaning system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of agent set in the multi-functional waste gas cleaning system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of adsorbent in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 (1) is the cross-sectional view of reaction tube 10;
Fig. 4 (2) is the A direction view of Fig. 4 (1).
Appended drawing reference
1-- reaction tube nozzle
2-- adsorbent flooding nozzles
21-- adsorbent flushing water interfaces
22-- rinse main pipeline
23-- rinse lateral
3-- adsorbents
31-- adsorbent pedestals
4-- mixture pumps
5-- mixed liquor circulatory pool blenders
6-- mixed liquor circulatory pools
7-- neutralizing tanks
8-- urea liquid holding vessels
9-- walling of flues
10-- reaction tubes
11-- mixed liquor return pipes
The non-purified flue gas of a--
Flue gas after b-- purification
100-- agent sets
101-- spraying zones
102-- dedusting areas
110-- liner layers
111-- outer tubes
112-- nozzle flange interfaces
200-- auxiliary devices
201-- mixed liquor storage and delivery systems
202-- mixed liquors neutralize and discharging system
300-- desulfuration absorbing towers
400-- wet electrical dust precipitators
500-- temperature rise heat exchangers
600-- chimneys
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings, and the structure and principle of this device carry out the people of this profession
Say it is very clearly.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
" one embodiment " for quoting in specification, " embodiment ", " exemplary embodiment " etc. show described
Embodiment may include specific characteristic, structure or characteristic, but all embodiments need not include the specific characteristic, structure or characteristic.
In addition, these phrases are not necessarily related to identical embodiment.In addition, describing specific characteristic, mechanism or characteristic contacting an embodiment
When, it is considered as connection other embodiments (regardless of whether being expressly recited) and realizes this feature, structure or characteristic in this field
Within the knowledge of technical staff.
Furthermore, it is to be understood that spatial description used herein (on for example, under, top, the left side, the right, lower section, top
Portion, bottom, vertical, level etc.) purpose that is merely to illustrate, and the practical implementation of structure as described herein can be with
It is spatially to be arranged by any orientation or mode.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of multi-functional waste gas cleaning system, which includes agent set 100 and auxiliary
Device 200, agent set 100 are arranged on the flue between the outlet and chimney 500 of former desulfuration absorbing tower 300.
In a kind of relatively good example, wet electrical dust precipitator 400 is such as used, the wet electrical dust precipitator 400 setting is de-
On flue between sulphur absorption tower 300 and agent set 100.
Alternatively, according to there is temperature rise heat exchanger 600, then the heat exchanger 600 is set in another preferred embodiment
It sets on the flue between agent set 100 and chimney 500.
Agent set 100 of the invention includes adjacent spraying zone 101 and dedusting area 102, and two regions are by walling of flue 9
It encloses respectively and sets to be formed.
Wherein in spraying zone 101, it is arranged in parallel with along the direction of the flue gas a flowed out from wet electrical dust precipitator 400 several
Reaction tube 10.
The detailed construction of reaction tube 10 refers to shown in Fig. 4 (1) and Fig. 4 (2).
The reaction tube 10 is cylindrical.
Support plate used by walling of flue 9 and reaction tube 10 is carbon steel material+glass flake anti-corrosion, and reaction tube 10 is
Lined ceramics multiple tube, and respectively have the outer lining ceramics flange of 100mm at both ends.Reaction tube 10 and support plate, support plate and flue
Wall 9, which is all made of, is continuously fully welded connection.Each extend into reaction tube nozzle 1 in each reaction tube 10, specific structure please with further reference to
Fig. 2.
It include adsorbent 3 and adsorbent flooding nozzle 2 in dedusting area 102, droplet and dust particles are removed in the two cooperation
It removes, the flue gas b after final purification enters downstream temperature rise heat exchanger 600 and chimney 500 is discharged into atmosphere.
In addition, this purification device further includes having auxiliary device 200, which is stored by mixed liquor and delivery system
System 201, mixed liquor neutralize and the groups such as discharging system 202, technique water system, medicine system and matched electrical I&C system
At.
Mixed liquor storage and delivery system 201 includes underground concrete structure pond or the steel construction tank 6 of installing mixed liquor, mixing
Blender 5 is installed in liquid pool or tank 6, for preventing from precipitating and be sufficiently stirred.
In addition, mixed liquor storage and delivery system 201 further includes mixture pump 4, will mix in liquid pool or tank 6
Mixed liquor is sent to the nozzle 1 of the spraying zone 101 of agent set 100 respectively and mixed liquor neutralizes and discharging system 202.
The liquid that the liquid and spraying zone formed after being rinsed by adsorbent flooding nozzle 2 to adsorbent 3 generates passes through certainly
Stream mode flows back into mixed liquor circulatory pool 6 by mixed liquor return pipe 11.
Two regions of agent set 100 shown in Fig. 2, wherein the quantity of the reaction tube 10 in spraying zone 101 and
Diameter determines that circulation area is big as far as possible after need to needing according to flue cross section size and erecting and welding.The quantity of reaction tube 10 can be with
It is 1~n, the diameter of reaction tube 10 will be adapted to the area coverage of reaction tube nozzle 1, guarantee to be completely covered.Each reaction tube
10 are equipped with 1~3 uniformly distributed nozzle flange interface 112, which need to meet reaction tube nozzle 1 can be
Line extraction requires.
Reaction tube nozzle 1 usually selects 90 ° of solid spiral nozzles of silicon carbide, and is mounted on and prolongs 10 axial centre of reaction tube
On 1~3 uniformly distributed nozzle flange interface 112 on line, which should meet covering for reaction tube nozzle 1
Capping product and angle requirement, nozzle quantity should be consistent with the nozzle flange interface quantity of central axial arrangement of reaction tube 10.Spray
The direction that mouth sprays atomized liquid should be opposite with flue gas flow direction.
Especially, it should be noted that nozzle flange interface should be using in level when the quantity of reaction tube 10 is greater than 4
The concatenated mode of the heart, i.e., each reaction tube 10 are connected in the horizontal direction in mono- nozzle flange interface of center or so Ge Kai
Connection, quantity, the length and diameter of reaction tube nozzle 1 need to adjust accordingly.
For the improvement of reaction tube 10 further include: using the cylindrical structure of lined ceramics, 1 reverse setting of reaction tube nozzle
Inside it, the complete washing that can reach under the conditions of high flow rate high intensity all standing physically has been used using this structure
Effect, while in turn avoiding high flow rate liquid to the erosion damage of the barrel of reaction tube 10, this puts and is commonly designed absorption tower and wants
Consider that flue gas must have enough residence times, traditional design of the flue gas flow rate not less than 4m/s has fundamental difference, this
The form of high-intensitive high flow rate all standing has originality, so that the present apparatus may be mounted at flue gas flow rate and reach 10-15m/s
Flue in can achieve the effect that fully absorb and react, be the precondition that the present apparatus has desulphurization denitration dedusting function.
Before the reaction tube 10 in spraying zone 101 and the inside of reaction tube 10 and the mixed liquor that reaction tube nozzle 1 sprays carry out it is high-intensitive,
All standing, impacting type contact, can complete physical and chemical reaction in a very short period of time, complete to SO2, NOx, dust and mercury etc.
Absorption.
Flue gas after preliminary purification with a large amount of droplets enters dedusting area 102, by the effect of adsorbent 3 by droplet
It is removed with dust particles, the flue gas b after final purification enters downstream temperature rise heat exchanger (if any) and chimney is discharged into atmosphere.
Fig. 3 further illustrates the structure of adsorbent 3, please also refer to.
Adsorbent 3 in the preferred embodiment uses flat-top four sides vertebral body structure or flattened conical body structure,
There is adsorbent in addition to centrum bottom surface, adsorbent pedestal 31 is smoke inlet, as shown by arrows in figure.
Adsorbent 3 works out webbed multilayered structure using monofilament, and global shape is in flat-top four sides vertebral body structure, flat
The hollow region of top four sides centrum, which is disposed with, rinses main pipeline 22, rinses lateral 23 and adsorbent flooding nozzle 2, is used for
The flushing of adsorbent 3.
In the preferred embodiment, adsorbent 3 uses intensive netted multilayered structure, 100~150mm of thickness, and material is
2205.2205 use the flat filament of 0.1 × 0.3mm (or 0.25mm), can also be empty using the garden silk of 0.15~0.21mm diameter
Gap rate takes 0.978~0.989.The design of adsorbent 3 has support frame and adsorbent pedestal 31, skeleton and adsorbent pedestal 31
Material also select 2205, adsorbent pedestal 31 and walling of flue 9 are welded to connect using interruption.The flat-top four sides vertebra of adsorbent 3
The height of body structure should ensure that flue gas circulation area is sufficiently large, and flue gas flow rate when flue gas being made to flow through adsorbent 3 is in 2~3m/s
Between.
Especially, it should be noted that the case where flue gas flow rate is between 2~3m/s when meeting flue gas and flowing through adsorbent 3
Under, the structure in above-described embodiment, such as cone can also be not limited in using other any shapes.The material of adsorbent 3
Material is not limited to 2205, can also be using other materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene.
Referring again to shown in Fig. 2, in the hollow region of adsorbent 3, main pipeline 22 is rinsed along center line setting one, and
There are several and flushing lateral 23 of the flushing main pipeline 22 at an angle, in the preferred embodiment of diagram, the angle
It is 90 °, several nozzles 2 are arranged on the flushing lateral 23, for the flushing to adsorbent 3,22 He of flushing main pipeline
The arrangement of lateral 23 and nozzle 2 need to meet the flushing of 3 all standing of adsorbent, the structure being not limited in attached drawing.
Aforementioned body device 100 is mountable in horizontal or vertical flue.
Below with reference to above-mentioned apparatus and system, illustrate purification process of the invention.
Apparatus of the present invention can achieve only dedusting or desulfurization+denitration or only by using different mixed liquor ingredients
The various combination of desulfurizing function.When only with ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, it can be provided simultaneously with desulphurization denitration and dedusting function, only adopted
With Ca (OH)2Or desulfurization and dedusting function can be provided simultaneously with when aqueous solution.
The flue gas come from the outlet of desulfuration absorbing tower 300 initially enters the spraying zone 101 of agent set 100, in reaction tube 10
The atomization mixing drop contact that is sprayed with reaction tube nozzle 1 of front end, each reaction tube 10 is then respectively enterd, in reaction tube
The atomization mixing drops progress all standings that are sprayed with reaction tube nozzle 1 in 10, high speed, strong impacting type contact, strengthen
The disturbance of gas-liquid two-phase reduces the resistance of air film and liquid film, can complete reaction process in a very short period of time.The reaction
Journey includes that desulphurization reaction, denitration reaction, demercuration reaction, deacidification effect and dust particles tentatively remove physical effect.
Spraying zone 101 is likewise supplied with higher dust removing effects, is that the multilayer of arranged in series is inversely spraying inside reaction tube 10
Reaction tube nozzle 1, the shaped Venturi dedusting function of the existing similar high flow rate of this structure, while flue gas resistance is controlled again can
Receive range, while further improving efficiency of dust collection by way of spraying layer of connecting.It is this to have used high flow rate high-intensitive
All standing mode, enhances mass transport process significantly, can significantly increase mass tranfer coefficient, can reach complete strong washing physically
Effect, especially has good removal effect to 20 microns with junior's dust, and this mode can reach finely removing for 80-90%
Dirt efficiency.
Desulfurization and denitration reaction principle when mixed liquor bulk composition is ammonium persulfate is as follows:
Specifically, in spraying zone 101, the SO in the flue gas of reaction is participated in2Concentration is lower, generally below 200mg/
Nm3, since ammonium persulfate aqueous solution is also with higher physical or chemically desulfuration efficiency, generally higher than 50%, mainly
By water to gas SO2Solution absorption ability, specific reaction is as follows:
Desulphurization reaction:
SO2+H2O→SO2·H2O (1)
SO2·H2O→HSO3 -+H+ (2)
HSO3 -→H++SO3 2- (3)
(NH4)2S2O8→2NH4 ++S2O8 2- (4)
SO3 2-+2NH4 +→(NH4)2SO3 (5)
2(NH4)2SO3+O2→2(NH4)2SO4 (6)
Denitration reaction:
2NO+3(NH4)2S2O8+4H2O→2HNO3+3(NH4)2SO4+3H2SO4 (7)
2NO+O2+H2O→HNO2+HNO3 (8)
2NO2+H2O→2HNO3+NO (9)
Ammonium persulfate reacts principle in NOx and mixed liquor in flue gas:
NOx in flue gas leans on DIFFUSION IN TURBULENCE from gas phase main body to gas mould surface, and is reached by molecule diffusion by gas mould
It, by means of the concentration gradient of gas-liquid two-phase, is spread by molecule to two-phase interface when the NOx in gas phase is contacted with mixed liquor
Process, NOx form HNO from liquid film surface to liquid phase main body from two-phase interface, from liquid film by DIFFUSION IN TURBULENCE in the liquid phase3With
HNO2, it is ionized into H respectively+、NO3 -And NO2 -, while the ammonium persulfate that NO is mixed in liquid is oxidized to readily soluble NO2, improve
Gas phase and liquid phase motive force of the NOx when gas phase enters liquid phase.
After ammonium persulfate aqueous solution denitration, the gaseous state NOx of about 30%-50% is only converted into liquid, it is also necessary to
By adding Ca (OH)2It is fed again into boiler SNCR denitration system after neutralization reaction and carries out denitration in the stove, by calcium nitrate and nitrous acid
Calcium heat resolve generates NOx and carries out denitration reaction again, and comprehensive denitration efficiency is in 25%-40%, and denitration can in this way
The nitrate generated to avoid wet oxidation denitration can not be handled, and outlet can lead to the problem of secondary pollution, also avoid simultaneously
Nitric acid and nitrous acid can be by SO in flue gas2The problem of inferior sulfate radical of generation is reduced into NO.
Due to Ca (OH)2From a wealth of sources, operating cost is low and safety is higher, is only needing desulfurization and dedusting function
In the case of use Ca (OH)2Solution, and can achieve 90% or more desulfuration efficiency, desulfurization can be reached to minimum discharge standard.
Desulfurization specifically reacts as follows:
SO2+Ca(OH)2→CaSO3(precipitating)+H2O (10)
CaSO3+SO2+H2O=Ca (HSO3)2 (11)
Certainly, also there are other reactions, such as: demercuration.
Hg in flue gas2+The ratio for accounting for gaseous mercury total amount is 40%~50%, Hg050%~60%. is accounted for existing wet process
Desulfurizer carries out the removal of mercury, can absorb in flue gas 80%~90% Hg2+, but to Hg0Remove unobvious, wet desulphurization mercury removes
Mercury efficiency depends on Hg0Absorption efficiency, mercury Hg0Solubility in water is very low, and infiltration rate is by liquid phase draught control, usually
Soluble form such as Hg is translated into mass transfer boundary layer2+, therefore pass through the effect of strong oxidizer ammonium persulfate, it can
To reach about 60% demercuration efficiency, specific reaction is as follows:
S2O8 2-+Hg0→2SO4 2-+Hg2+ (12)
Flue gas after preliminary purification with a large amount of droplets enters dedusting area 102, by the effect of adsorbent 3 by droplet
It is removed with dust particles, the flue gas b after final purification enters downstream temperature rise heat exchanger 600 (if any) and chimney is discharged into atmosphere.
Flue gas enters dedusting area 102 after passing through spraying zone 101.The main function of dedusting area 102 be by a large amount of droplets and
The dust particles removal that droplet carries.Dedusting area 102 is mainly made of adsorbent 3 and flushing pipe network.
Adsorbent 3 is due to having the function of that intensive netted multilayered structure has removal droplet and dust particles well.
Cardinal principle: gentle by inertial collision, retention, Blang's diffusion, gravitational settling when flue gas containing droplet is by inside device
When body absorption, mist droplet can be adsorbed on inside device on paved set body structure surface.Surface tension of liquid polymerization and hair
Thin phenomenon makes mist droplet agglomeration become bulky grain droplet, and droplet declines because of gravity, reaches defogging effect.Adsorbent
3 can generally remove the 99.5% of 99% and the 10 μm of droplets that account for whole 5 μm of droplets, and the demisting of 1~5 μm of droplet is imitated
Rate is also very high, up to 60% or more.
Since existing desulfurizer mist eliminator not can be removed 15 μm of droplets below, this part droplet carries a large amount of powder
Dirt and soluble-salt, considerably increase dust emission concentration, because of a large amount of dust that droplet carries in general desulfurizing tower exiting flue gas
About 5-15mg/Nm is reached with the increased dust concentration of soluble-salt3, removal of the adsorbent 3 of the present apparatus to this part droplet
Rate reaches 99%, provides basic guarantee to reach dust minimum discharge.
Contain a large amount of droplet in wet flue gas after desulfurization, droplet concentration is in 25-75mg/Nm3Or so, contain in droplet
The sundries such as sticking gypsum slurries, dust, it is easy to which the felt jam on adsorbent, the present invention are being sprayed using mixed liquor
The a large amount of solution droplet that area constantly generates mixes the droplet containing sundries such as sticking gypsum slurries, dust
After dilution, while the time for making mist droplet agglomeration become bulky grain droplet accelerates, the speed that droplet declines by gravity
Accelerate, it is entirely avoided the felt jam problem of adsorbent.Based on this reason, positioned at flat-top four sides centrum intermediate space
It rinses main pipeline 22, rinse lateral 23 and adsorbent flooding nozzle 2, the only unlatching when circulatory pool requires supplementation with liquid level, punching
It is secondary for washing the effect of flat-top four sides centrum.
Flue gas flow rate is excessively high in desulfurization duct, and in 10-15m/s by design specification, flue gas passes through with intensive net
The multilayered structure of shape can generate very big flue gas resistance, at the same too fast flue gas flow rate also can secondary droplets droplet, make to adsorb
The removal droplet of body and the efficiency of dust decline to a great extent.The present invention is effectively increased by unique flat-top four sides vertebral body structure
Flue gas circulation area, reduces flow velocity of the flue gas by adsorbent, controls the flue gas resistance of adsorbent in 200Pa-
500Pa, meanwhile, avoid the secondary droplets droplet of adsorbent.
The a large amount of solution droplet constantly generated using mixed liquor in spraying zone based on the present invention is sticking to containing
The droplets of the sundries such as gypsum slurries, dust carries out the felt jam problem that adsorbent is just completely avoided after mixed diluting, can be with
Water is supplemented as circulatory pool using desulfurization wastewater or treated desulfurization wastewater, it is desirable that desulfurization wastewater solid content is controlled in desulfurization
It will be de- after neutralization for next step while 5% solid content that system operates normally desulfurization wastewater can be used in this way
Sulphur waste water is sent into boiler and provides condition.
The decline of 6 liquid level of circulatory pool exports a branch line from mixed liquor circulating pump 4, and the branch line is by over cure
Mixed liquor after sour ammonium denitration reaction is sent into neutralizing tank or by dust-laden aqueous solution or Ca (OH)2Mixed solution after desulphurization reaction
It is sent in the urea storage tank of the SNCR denitration system of boiler, after mixed liquor is mixed with urea liquid, is increased newly in urea liquid
(NH4)2SO4、CaSO4、CaN2O6、 Ca(NO2)2、Ca(OH)2And dust and gypsum, while the relatively low alkalinity of pH value on a small quantity., and
(NH4)2SO4Or Ca (OH)2Addition can greatly improve the efficiency of SNCR denitration in the stove, while CaN2O6、 Ca(NO2)2In height
Temperature is lower to regenerate NOx, this part increases NOx newly and can remove by the way that urea is most of again in furnace, other a small amount of dust with
Gypsum can be collected by downstream deduster and be removed, so new adverse effect can't be caused to boiler.In in circulatory pool 6
Mixed liquor with after is added in the urea liquid of original existing SNCR system, it is ensured that mixed liquor is in longtime running mistake
The sundries constantly accumulated in journey is such as: the concentration of the ion of gypsum, dust and various chemical reaction products remains
In reduced levels, it not will cause system equipment and corrosive pipeline blocking, adsorbent blocking, realized simultaneously also by this mode
Desulfurization wastewater evaporates in boiler and achievees the purpose that the real zero-emission of desulfurization wastewater, and is sent into the mixing of SNCR denitration in the stove
Flow quantity is greater than about 50 times of wastewater flow that desulphurization system need to discharge, and the chloride ion that can be diluted significantly in desulfurization wastewater is dense
Degree, can not have to consider desulfurization waste water quality to the etching problem of boiler body and follow-up equipment, boiler in auxiliary device 200
SNCR denitration system 202 can using the SNCR spray gun model and its boiler position of opening of former boiler matching, but must with mix
Liquid pump pressure and flow parameter and its mixed liquor ingredient match, and otherwise need to change or change SNCR spray gun in boiler aperture position
It sets.The equipment that existing most of producer can be used in SNCR spray gun model, without limitation.It is de- that mixed liquor accesses original boiler SNCR
The pipeline 316L of the urea storage tank of nitre system.The pipeline and equipment of contact ammonium persulfate mixed liquor in whole system
It is all made of lined ceramics or liner tetrafluoride material, it is basic that the selection of material is that ordinary skill designing technique personnel should have
Feature can't be the right for changing patent.Equally, as long as the design of internal system other equipment, tube pass and specification
To meet the right that any design change that present apparatus operation is carried out all can't be change patent.
By the flue gas and mixed liquor of the present apparatus, spraying zone carry out all standing, high speed, strong impacting type contact
It afterwards, can be by the SO of 60% or more submicron order3The inclusion enclave of drop and dust particles removes simultaneously, while the essence of adsorbent
Thin demisting dust removing effects, moreover it is possible to remove the SO of the submicron order of 99% or more free water and 90% in flue gas or more3Drop
With the inclusion enclave of dust particles, in this way, the Wet chimney in downstream can be allowed not need to carry out special anti-corrosion transformation can be just
It is often used, heavy corrosion will not be caused to chimney there are also a small amount of condensate liquid generates, while it is existing to eliminate chimney rain
As this effect has originality.If eliminating such as white plume of coloured plume, need that heating heat exchange is installed before chimney
Device promotes flue-gas temperature or cooling heat exchanger removes condensed water, and the adsorbent defogging effect of the present apparatus is also temperature rise heat exchanger
Or the premise that cooling heat exchanger can operate normally, because the droplet containing sundries such as gypsum in flue gas is not removed, heating heat exchange
Device or cooling heat exchanger can block quickly to be unable to run.
The present invention is in 200,000 m having been carried out3The chain furnace of/h exhaust gas volumn industrializes running the key technical indexes: SO2
Concentration of emission is less than 35mg/Nm3(Industrial Boiler environmental protection reduced value), dust emission concentration are less than 5mg/Nm3(Industrial Boiler environmental protection
Reduced value does not install wet electrical dust precipitator or bundled tube demister or other high efficiency demisters.).NOx emission concentration 60~
200mg/Nm3(Industrial Boiler environmental protection reduced value), initial NOx is dense when various derived from the boiler load of the variation of NOx emission concentration
That spends is unstable, but no matter in underload or high load capacity, denitration efficiency can be stablized between 60~70%, and pass through
Series connection increase reaction tube module can improve denitration efficiency again can be less than to 80%, NOx concentration of emission in high load capacity
100mg/Nm3(Industrial Boiler environmental protection reduced value), if original system is equipped with the conventional SCR denitration for not doing economizer transformation
System, which can then be stablized under various load conditions, drops to 50mg/Nm3(Industrial Boiler environmental protection reduced value) below.
The present invention is compared compared with renovation technique, the advantage is that:
1, apparatus of the present invention agent set is mounted on the flue between former desulfuration absorbing tower outlet and chimney, is not needed
Any transformation is done to original desulphurization system, any influence physically or chemically will not be generated to existing desulphurization system, is applicable in
In all sulfur removal technologies, without any restrictions.Required horizontal flue length 4-5m can meet installation needs, can also pacify
In the exit normal flue of absorption tower, the length of usual vertical gas pass is above 20m, and to extending, the reaction time is helpful,
Higher desulphurization and denitration, demercuration, depickling and efficiency of dust collection can be obtained.
2, apparatus of the present invention agent set is that multiple cylinder-shaped reaction tubes being arranged side by side are installed in flue, composition one
A reaction tube module, series multistage spraying layer in each reaction tube realize the high-intensitive solution-air way of contact, overcome de-
Flue gas flow rate height (10-15m/s) in the rear pass of sulphur absorption tower, reaction time short problem make desulphurization and denitration, demercuration, depickling
It can be completed in the extremely short time with dedusting.Being had the advantage that using high flue gas flow rate can be directly inside original flue
Apparatus of the present invention agent set is installed, not needing individually new setting reactive absorption tower, all devices occupied area only needs 20-
30m2, project amount is greatly reduced, investment for trnasforming urban land is small, and the environment of narrow field can be also applicable in.
2, desulfurization and dedusting can gently arrive national minimum discharge standard.Desulfuration absorbing tower exports SO under normal circumstances2Concentration is low
In 200mg/Nm3(butt, 6%O2), dust concentration is lower than 30mg/Nm3(butt, 6%O2), the desulfurization degree of apparatus of the present invention is big
In 90%, dust removal efficiency is greater than 90%, and flue gas is at least up to after apparatus of the present invention: SO2Concentration is lower than 35mg/Nm3
(butt, 6%O2), dust concentration is lower than 5mg/Nm3(butt, 6%O2).It is unique that the guarantee of desulfuration efficiency is based on the present invention
The sound response performance of the high-intensitive solution-air way of contact and mixed solution, the guarantee of efficiency of dust collection are based on the unique height of the present invention
The combination of the way of contact of intensity solution-air and unique vertebral body structure and spraying zone and dedusting area with multilayer network structure.
3, apparatus of the present invention totality denitration efficiency belongs to SNCR mould in the outer wet process low-temperature denitration+furnace of furnace in 25%-40%
Formula is free of SCR denitration mode, is a kind of completely new denitration mode, has filled up the blank of domestic low-temperature denitration technology, although de-
Nitre efficiency is less high, but solves denitration efficiency decline or chain furnace denitration in high load capacity operating condition in running on the lower load
Efficiency decline, causes NOx to discharge exceeded problem.It the case where for requiring minimum discharge, can be using multiple reaction tubes of connecting
The mode of module solves, and every increase first order reaction cylinder mould block at least improves 15% denitration efficiency.
4, reach desulfurization wastewater zero-emission truly.Apparatus of the present invention can be by desulfurization wastewater or treated
Liquid level make-up water source of the desulfurization wastewater as circulatory pool, while mixed liquor is pumped into boiler SNCR urea liquid by circulation
In holding vessel, by way of being evaporated in furnace, desulfurization wastewater is completely removed.Due to being sent into the mixed liquor of SNCR denitration in the stove
Flow is greater than about 50 times of wastewater flow that desulphurization system need to discharge, can dilute the chlorine ion concentration in desulfurization wastewater significantly,
It can not have to consider desulfurization waste water quality to the etching problem of boiler body and follow-up equipment.
5, it is mounted in the flue between former desulfuration absorbing tower outlet and chimney, is not needed to original based on apparatus of the present invention
There are desulfuration absorbing tower and entire system for desulfuration and denitration to carry out any transformation, while the waste water that apparatus of the present invention generate is not discharged into original
Desulphurization system or outlet, without secondary pollution.
6, apparatus of the present invention are in terms of dedusting, be not only embodied in it is high-efficient, but also more importantly structure is simple, fortune
Row stabilization and flue gas resistance are moderate.The choice of technology in existing minimum discharge dedusting transformation is that wet electrical dust precipitator, desulfurizing tower add
Pallet+spraying layer High Efficiency Reform+bundled tube demister, both modes have that investment is big, structure is complicated, bulky, transformation
Project amount is big, wet electrical dust precipitator is easy to appear clog deformation, desulfurizing tower adds pallet and bundled tube demister is easy
The problem that now blocking deformation and underload are not suitable for.Based on these problems, not all coal-burning boiler is all had ready conditions installation,
In this case, apparatus of the present invention are a kind of preferable alternatives, have weight to country-driven national minimum discharge strategy
Big meaning.
7, apparatus of the present invention have been successfully made industrialization operation (coal-fired chain furnace, 200,000 m of exhaust gas volumn3/ h), items refer to
Mark all reaches environment protection emission requirement, and wherein desulfurization and dust respectively reach: SO2Concentration is lower than 35mg/Nm3(butt, 6%O2),
Dust concentration is lower than 5mg/Nm3(butt, 6%O2).In conjunction with SNCR in furnace, comprehensive denitration efficiency is greater than 80%, while meeting low
Denitration efficiency is stablized 80% or more when load condition.
8, apparatus of the present invention are provided simultaneously with demercuration and except acid functions, can widen gas cleaning range, grow a lot latent
Power such as just starts the elimination white cigarette policy carried out, after apparatus of the present invention, it is ensured that heating or cooling heat exchanger now
It will not block, be the powerful guarantee for realizing the policy.
The description to preferred embodiment provided above, so that any technical staff in the art can be used or utilize
The present invention.The various modifications of these embodiments are evident for personnel skilled in the art, it can be described here
Total principle is applied to other embodiments without the use of creativeness.Thus, the present invention is not limited to embodiment depicted herein,
And it should be according to the widest range for meeting teachings disclosed herein and new feature.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of agent set is set and including being enclosed by support plate by the spraying zone of walling of flue separation and dedusting area, which is characterized in that
The dedusting area includes:
Several adsorbents, the adsorbent include the cone of no bottom surface, and the conical surface of the cone is in netted multilayered structure;
Hollow region in the cone of the adsorbent is arranged in rinsing module;
The spraying zone includes:
The reaction tube nozzle of reverse setting in spray structure, including several reaction tubes and the reaction tube.
2. agent set according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rinsing module further comprises:
It is connected along the flushing main pipeline of the cone center axial direction, with the flushing main pipeline and several flushings at an angle
Lateral, several adsorbent flooding nozzles are arranged on the flushing lateral.
3. agent set according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Several reaction tubes are cylindrical, are arranged in parallel along flow of flue gas direction.
4. agent set according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The reaction tube includes carbon steel pipe and ceramic lining, and each reaction tube is equipped with 1~3 uniformly distributed nozzle flange and connects
Mouthful.
5. agent set according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The material of the support plate includes carbon steel and glass flake, the reaction tube and the support plate, the support plate and institute
It states walling of flue and is fully welded connection.
6. agent set according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The conical surface material of the cone includes 2205, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene.
7. agent set according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
100~150mm of thickness of the netted multilayered structure, voidage are 0.978~0.989.
8. a kind of multi-functional waste gas cleaning system, including agent set described in any one of claim 1 to 7, feature
It is, the system further comprises:
One auxiliary device, comprising:
One mixed liquor storage and delivery system, including mixed solution container, the mixed solution container is interior to be equipped with blender, for preventing
It precipitates and is sufficiently stirred;
One mixed liquor neutralizes and discharging system.
9. multi-functional waste gas cleaning system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the mixed liquor storage and delivery system
System further comprises:
Mixture pump, the mixed liquor of mixed solution container to be sent to the reaction tube nozzle and the institute of the agent set respectively
State mixed liquor neutralization and discharging system.
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