CN110429611A - A kind of Static Var Compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter method of adjustment - Google Patents
A kind of Static Var Compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter method of adjustment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Static Var Compensator sequence impedance modelings and control parameter method of adjustment that belong to power system modeling and analysis field, using based under three phase static phase coordinate system, consider phase-locked loop pll, reactive power outer ring, establish the impedance modeling of output positive sequence impedance model of the SVG under permanent idle control mode, the impedance sensitivity analysis of SVG control parameter, for SVG control parameter, it sorts according to system SSO stability influence size, the SVG control parameter adjustment of proposition helps to improve wind farm grid-connected SSO stability.It effectively prevent deteriorating the sub-synchronous oscillation risk of reactive power compensator access wind power plant.SVG control mode with raising system SSO stability action, parameter Adjusted Option can be formulated；The correctness and validity of impedance sensitivity analysis and parameter Adjusted Option are demonstrated by time-domain simulation results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of modeling and analysis of a power system, and particularly relates to a static var compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter adjusting method, in particular to a static var compensator sequence impedance calculation and parameter adjusting scheme considering a reactive outer ring so as to prevent a degraded reactive compensation device from being connected into a sub-synchronous oscillation risk of a wind power plant.
Background
Practical engineering shows that system voltage fluctuation or instability of a wind power plant caused by insufficient dynamic reactive power compensation capability is a main reason for large-scale off-grid of a fan, and in order to prevent the occurrence of the accident, the wind power plant is often provided with a reactive power compensation device. Static Var Generator (SVG) is widely used in large-scale wind power grid-connected systems because of its advantages of flexible control and wide application range. SVG is a dynamic reactive power compensation device based on a high-power inverter, a dynamic reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression device, and is characterized in that a high-power three-phase voltage type inverter is taken as a core, and the output voltage of the high-power three-phase voltage type inverter is connected into a system through a connecting reactor. Therefore, a parameter adjustment method for suppressing the SSO by the SVG is required to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a static var compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter adjusting method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: under a three-phase static coordinate system, based on a small signal disturbance method, deriving and establishing an impedance transfer function of a phase-locked loop (PLL);
s2: establishing a reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function;
s3: establishing an analytical expression of the SVG positive sequence impedance to obtain an impedance-frequency curve of the SVG in a constant reactive power control mode;
s4: and (3) providing an adjusting scheme of the SVG control parameters based on sensitivity analysis, calculating and obtaining the influence of the SVG control parameter change in the interval of 60-80Hz and sequencing by analyzing the impedance sensitivity of the SVG positive sequence impedance to the SVG control parameters, and providing the adjusting scheme of the SVG control parameters to inhibit the SSO. Phase-locked loop PLL impedance transfer function modeling
The impedance transfer function for establishing the phase-locked loop PLL is to inject positive sequence voltage disturbance at the SVG grid-connected point, and the phase-locked loop PLL transfer function is as follows:
wherein,in the formula, KsppIs the PLL proportional gain; kspiIs the PLL integral gain.
When the SVG is in constant reactive power control, the reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function adopts a mode of directly calculating and outputting a current reference value, namely a d-axis current reference value id_refCalculated from the following formula:
in the formula, Qs_refIs a reactive power reference value; qsOutputting a reactive power instantaneous value for the SVG; u is the PCC point voltage magnitude;
d-axis current reference value id_refThe impedance frequency domain analysis expression of the disturbance quantity is as follows:
in the formula,Gi(s) is a first-order inertial link transfer function; u shape1Is the amplitude of the fundamental voltage;is the initial phase of the fundamental voltage; f. of1Is the frequency of the fundamental voltage. U shapepIs the amplitude of the applied positive sequence voltage disturbance;is the initial phase of the positive sequence voltage disturbance.
The step S4 is that the influence of the wind power plant and SVG control parameter change on the SSO characteristic of the system subsynchronous oscillation is visually reflected by solving the impedance sensitivity of the SVG control parameter, the dominant factor influencing the SSO characteristic of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is determined, and the influence of the parameter change on the SSO characteristic of the grid-connected system is directly reflected by the impedance sensitivity value of the SVG impedance to the control parameter impedance sensitivity value; the SSO oscillation frequency of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is mostly between 60 Hz and 80 Hz; the result of performing band-division analysis on the impedance sensitivity corresponding to each control parameter of the SVG shows that, in the SVG control parameters, the current inner loop proportional gain KsipThe corresponding sensitivity of the real part of the impedance and the sensitivity of the imaginary part of the impedance are both larger than other parameters in value, which shows that K in the SVG control parameterssipThe change has the greatest effect on the SSO characteristics of the grid-connected system.
The method has the advantages that the SVG output positive sequence impedance model is established, the dominant factor influencing the stability of the grid-connected SSO of the wind power plant in the SVG control parameters is determined by adopting an impedance sensitivity analysis mode, on the basis, the influence of the SVG control mode and the control parameter difference on the stability of the system SSO is specifically analyzed by combining with an impedance stability criterion, and the SVG control mode and the parameter adjustment scheme with the function of improving the stability of the system SSO can be formulated; the correctness and the effectiveness of the impedance sensitivity analysis and parameter adjustment scheme are verified through the time domain simulation result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SVG circuit topology and control strategy;
FIG. 3(a) (b) is a real part of impedance sensitivity-frequency curve, imaginary part of impedance sensitivity-frequency curve for a wind farm control parameter;
FIG. 4(a) (b) is a sensitivity-frequency curve of the real part of impedance and a sensitivity-frequency curve of the imaginary part of impedance of the SVG control parameters;
FIG. 5(a) and (b) are impedance sensitivity-frequency curves corresponding to each parameter of the SVG in the interval of 60-80 Hz.
FIG. 6 is a waveform of active power output from a wind farm
FIG. 7 is KsipChanged wind power plant output active power waveform
FIG. 8 is KsdcpChanged wind power plant output active power waveform
Detailed Description
The invention provides a static var compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter adjusting method,
the static var compensator sequence impedance calculation and parameter adjustment method is carried out under the condition of considering a reactive outer ring, and comprises the following steps of:
s1: under a three-phase static coordinate system, based on a small signal disturbance method, an impedance transfer function of a phase-locked loop PLL is deduced and established;
s2: establishing a reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function;
s3: and establishing an analytical expression of the SVG positive sequence impedance to obtain an impedance-frequency curve of the SVG in a constant reactive power control mode.
S4: and (4) giving an adjustment scheme of the SVG control parameters based on sensitivity analysis. By analyzing the impedance sensitivity of the SVG positive sequence impedance to the SVG control parameters, the influence of the SVG control parameter change in the interval of 60-80Hz is calculated and obtained, and the sequence is carried out, so that the adjustment scheme of the SVG control parameters is provided, and the SSO (sub-synchronous oscillation) is inhibited.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system with a reactive compensation device. Each direct-drive wind turbine generator is boosted to 35kV from 0.69kV through a booster transformer and then converged into a 35kV bus, and the SVG is directly connected into the 35kV bus. The direct-drive wind power plant and the static reactive power compensation device SVG are connected into a 500kV alternating current main power grid from 35kV boosting to 500kV boosting through a 35kV power transmission line and a boosting transformer.
The SVG circuit structure and control strategy as shown in fig. 2; SVG adopts PWM inverter circuit control, wherein uia、uib、uicIs the inverter outlet voltage; u. ofa、ub、ucAnd ia、ib、icVoltage and current of SVG grid connection points; u shapedcIs the dc side input voltage; cdcIs a direct current side capacitor; inductor LsAnd a capacitor CsForming an LC filter circuit; xTThe equivalent reactance of the step-up transformer connected with the SVG is obtained.
In order to obtain a sequential impedance model of the SVG in a three-phase static coordinate system, harmonic voltage is injected at a point of PCC (point of common coupling, PCC), and after the disturbance passes through a control loop and a main circuit, harmonic current response is generated in the output current of the SVG; and obtaining an output positive and negative sequence impedance model under the SVG three-phase static coordinate system by analyzing the amplitude and the phase of the harmonic voltage and the current.
A positive sequence small signal voltage disturbance is added to a PCC point of a wind power grid-connected system, and a three-phase voltage analytical formula of the PCC point is shown as a formula (1-1).
In the formula of U1Is the amplitude of the fundamental voltage;is the initial phase of the fundamental voltage; f. of1Is the frequency of the fundamental voltage. U shapepIs the amplitude of the applied positive sequence voltage disturbance;is the initial phase of the positive sequence voltage disturbance; f. ofpIs the frequency of the positive sequence harmonic voltage.
(1) Phase-locked loop PLL impedance transfer function modeling
Injecting positive sequence voltage disturbance at an SVG grid-connected point, wherein a phase-locked loop PLL transfer function is as follows:
wherein,in the formula, KsppIs the PLL proportional gain; kspiIs the PLL integral gain.
After positive sequence voltage disturbance is injected to a grid-connected point, a current response is generated in a system, and a PLL impedance transfer function analytical expression of a frequency domain is obtained after the PCC point current is transformed by abc → dq, and is shown in a formula (1-3).
(2) Reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function modeling
Fig. 2 shows a control mode of the SVG in the constant reactive mode. When the SVG is in constant reactive power control, the invention adopts a mode of directly calculating and outputting a current reference value, namely a d-axis current reference value id_refCalculated from the following formula:
in the formula, Qs_refIs a reactive power reference value; qsOutputting a reactive power instantaneous value for the SVG; u is the PCC point voltage magnitude.
The SVG reactive power instantaneous value can be obtained by a power calculation module, and the relation between the reactive power and the voltage and current under the dq coordinate system is as follows:
in the formula ud、uq、id、iqThe d-axis and q-axis components of the PCC voltage and current, respectively.
Because the output active power of the SVG is close to 0 in a steady state, the current q-axis steady-state component i of the PCC pointq0Is approximately equal to 0, the three-phase voltage vector is fixed on a-q axis, therefore, the d-axis component u of the PCC point voltaged00, so, the reactive power disturbance amount:
in the formula,. DELTA.uqIs the PCC point voltage q-axis disturbance quantity; Δ idIs the d-axis disturbance quantity of the PCC point current; i.e. id0Is the d-axis steady-state component of the PCC point current; u. ofq0Is the q-axis steady state component of the PCC point voltage.
Will delta uq、ΔidThe frequency domain analytic expression can be obtained by substituting equation (4-12):
according to the formulas (1-7), a d-axis current reference value i can be obtainedd_refThe impedance frequency domain analysis expression of the disturbance quantity is as follows:
in the formula,Gi(s) is a first order inertial element transfer function.
(3) Establishing SVG positive and negative sequence impedance analytical expression
In the SVG constant reactive power control mode, a dq axis current decoupling control link outputs a signal Uds、UqsThe disturbance quantity frequency domain analysis expression is shown as the formula (1-9):
PWM modulationSystem signal ma、mb、mcThe relation (1-10) with the PCC point voltage and current is shown as follows:
in the formula, KmThe gain is output for the inverter.
The united vertical type (1-9) (1-10) can obtain an output positive sequence impedance analytical expression in a SVG constant reactive power control mode, as shown in the formula (1-11).
(4) Adjustment scheme for SVG control parameters based on sensitivity analysis to suppress subsynchronous oscillation
The method is characterized in that the influence of the wind power plant and SVG control parameter change on the SSO (subsynchronous oscillation) characteristic of the system is visually reflected by solving the impedance sensitivity of the SVG control parameter, and the dominant factor influencing the SSO characteristic of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is determined.
The positive sequence impedance Z of each SVGsp(s) an impedance sensitivity function to the control parameter K is noted as ZK(s) the formula is as shown in formula (1-12)
In the formula, Zsp(s) is the SVG positive sequence impedance.
SVG impedance versus SVG control parameter K can be obtained according to formula (1-12)sip、Ksii、Ksdcp、Ksdci、Kspp、KspiImpedance sensitivity function Zksip(j2πf)、Zksii(j2πf)、Zksdcp(j2πf)、Zksdci(j2πf)、Zkspp(j2πf)、Zkspi(j2πf)。
Taking a wind power plant in the Hami area of Xinjiang as an example, equivalent processing is carried out on 500 wind power generation sets in the nearby area, and the equivalent processing becomes one SVG connected to a wind power collection bus. When the output level of each fan is 6.7% and the SVG compensation reactive power is 14MVar, the sensitivity-frequency curve of the impedance real part and the sensitivity-frequency curve of the impedance imaginary part of the system impedance to the wind power plant control parameters are shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 3; the sensitivity-frequency curve of the real part of the impedance and the sensitivity-frequency curve of the imaginary part of the impedance of the system to the SVG control parameters are shown in FIGS. 4(a) (b).
The SVG impedance directly reflects the influence of parameter change on the SSO characteristic of the grid-connected system on the magnitude of the control parameter impedance sensitivity value. Most of the SSO oscillation frequency of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is between 60 Hz and 80Hz, and in addition, as can be seen from figures 4(a) and (b), the impedance sensitivity values corresponding to the SVG control parameters under different frequencies are different, so that the impedance sensitivity corresponding to each control parameter of the SVG is subjected to frequency division analysis. FIGS. 5(a) and (b) show the impedance sensitivity-frequency curves of SVG parameters in the (60,80) Hz interval. The result shows that in the SVG control parameter, the current inner loop proportional gain KsipThe corresponding sensitivity of the real part of the impedance and the sensitivity of the imaginary part of the impedance are both larger than other parameters in value, which shows that K in the SVG control parameterssipThe change has the greatest effect on the SSO characteristics of the grid-connected system.
Fig. 5(a) (b) shows that the SVG control parameters are roughly ordered according to the magnitude of the impact on the SSO characteristics of the system as follows: current inner loop proportional gain KsipProportional gain K of outer ring of DC voltagesdcpIntegral gain K of inner loop of currentsiiProportional gain K of phase-locked loopsppIntegral gain K of outer loop of direct current voltagesdciIntegral gain K of phase-locked loopspi。
In conclusion, by taking the SVG widely applied in the wind power plant as an example, an SVG output positive sequence impedance model is established, the dominant factor influencing the grid-connected SSO stability of the wind power plant in the SVG control parameters is determined by adopting an impedance sensitivity analysis mode, and on the basis, the influence of the SVG control mode and the control parameter difference on the SSO stability of the system is specifically analyzed by combining with an impedance stability criterion, so that the SVG control mode and the parameter adjustment scheme with the function of improving the SSO stability of the system can be formulated. The time domain simulation result verifies the correctness and the effectiveness of the impedance sensitivity analysis and parameter adjustment scheme.
According to the invention, the equivalent impedance R of the power grid is set in the time domain simulation model of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected systemg＝0、LgThe output level of each fan of the wind turbine generator set is 6.7%, the SVG compensation reactive power is 14Mvar, SVG is in grid-connected operation at 2s, and the time domain simulation waveform of the output active power of the wind power plant is shown in FIG. 6. Keeping other parameters in the model unchanged, and separately adding KsipIncreasing to 2, the wind farm output active power waveform is shown in FIG. 7; keeping other parameters in the model unchanged, and separately adding KsdcpIncreasing to 30, the wind farm output active power waveform is shown in FIG. 8.
It is not difficult to obtain by comparing fig. 6 and fig. 7, the inner loop proportional gain K with the SVG currentsipThe risk of the system generating unstable SSO is reduced. The comparison of fig. 6 and 8 shows that the outer loop proportional gain K follows the SVG dc voltagesdcpThe risk of the system generating unstable SSO is reduced. The comparison of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 shows that when K is presentsip、KsdcpWhen increasing in equal proportion, KsipInfluence on system SSO stability is more than KsdcpThis conclusion is consistent with the results of the impedance sensitivity analysis. The time domain simulation result verifies the correctness and the effectiveness of the impedance sensitivity analysis and parameter adjustment scheme.
Claims (4)
1. A static var compensator sequence impedance modeling and control parameter adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: under a three-phase static coordinate system, based on a small signal disturbance method, deriving and establishing an impedance transfer function of a phase-locked loop (PLL);
s2: establishing a reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function;
s3: establishing an analytical expression of the SVG positive sequence impedance to obtain an impedance-frequency curve of the SVG in a constant reactive power control mode;
s4: and (3) providing an adjusting scheme of the SVG control parameters based on sensitivity analysis, calculating and obtaining the influence of the SVG control parameter change in the interval of 60-80Hz and sequencing by analyzing the impedance sensitivity of the SVG positive sequence impedance to the SVG control parameters, and providing the adjusting scheme of the SVG control parameters to inhibit the SSO.
2. The method for modeling sequence impedance and adjusting control parameters of a static var compensator according to claim 1, wherein the impedance transfer function for establishing the phase-locked loop (PLL) is to inject positive sequence voltage disturbance at SVG grid-connected point, and the phase-locked loop (PLL) transfer function is:
wherein , in the formula,KsppIs the PLL proportional gain; kspiIs the PLL integral gain.
3. The SVC sequential impedance modeling and control parameter adjusting method of claim 1, wherein said reactive power outer loop impedance transfer function, when SVG is in constant reactive power control, adopts a way of directly calculating and outputting current reference value, i.e. d-axis current reference value id_refCalculated from the following formula:
in the formula,Qs_refIs a reactive power reference value; qsOutputting a reactive power instantaneous value for the SVG; u is the PCC point voltage magnitude;
d-axis current reference value id_refThe impedance frequency domain analysis expression of the disturbance quantity is as follows:
in the formula,Gi(s) is a first-order inertial link transfer function; u shape1Is the amplitude of the fundamental voltage;is the initial phase of the fundamental voltage; f. of1Is the frequency of the fundamental voltage; u shapepIs the amplitude of the applied positive sequence voltage disturbance;is the initial phase of the positive sequence voltage disturbance.
4. The method for modeling the sequence impedance and adjusting the control parameters of the static var compensator according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is to obtain the impedance sensitivity of the SVG control parameters to visually reflect the influence of the change of the wind power plant and the SVG control parameters on the SSO characteristics of the subsynchronous oscillation of the system, determine the dominant factor influencing the SSO characteristics of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system, and directly reflect the influence of the change of the parameters on the SSO characteristics of the grid-connected system by the SVG impedance on the value of the impedance sensitivity of the control parameters; the SSO oscillation frequency of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is mostly between 60 Hz and 80 Hz; the result of performing band-division analysis on the impedance sensitivity corresponding to each control parameter of the SVG shows that, in the SVG control parameters, the current inner loop proportional gain KsipThe corresponding sensitivity of the real part of the impedance and the sensitivity of the imaginary part of the impedance are both larger than other parameters in value, which shows that K in the SVG control parameterssipThe change has the greatest effect on the SSO characteristics of the grid-connected system.
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