CN110426871B - Backlight adjusting structure and display device - Google Patents
Backlight adjusting structure and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110426871B CN110426871B CN201910726763.7A CN201910726763A CN110426871B CN 110426871 B CN110426871 B CN 110426871B CN 201910726763 A CN201910726763 A CN 201910726763A CN 110426871 B CN110426871 B CN 110426871B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a backlight adjusting structure and a display device, which aim to solve the problems that the anti-peeping display device in the prior art is thick in size, a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode are easy to be confused, and the pixel density is low during display. The backlight adjusting structure includes: the light guide plate comprises a first side light incoming surface, a second side light incoming surface and a surface, wherein the first side light incoming surface and the second side light incoming surface are opposite; a first light source located at the first side light-in face of the waveguide plate; a second light source located at the second side entrance face of the waveguide plate; and the gradient grating structures are positioned on the surface of the waveguide plate, and the grating period in each group of the gradient grating structures is sequentially reduced in the direction from the first light source to the second light source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of peep-proof display, in particular to a backlight adjusting structure and a display device.
Background
With the advancement of technology, displays have become the primary terminals for disseminating information. At present, the security of information is more and more emphasized in some important fields, and in order to prevent the information of individuals and countries from being peeped by lawbreakers, more and more peep-proof technologies are applied to displays.
In the prior art, different display functions are usually realized by using a resin lens with a certain thickness arranged in a display device, wherein a shared display mode is realized by using a short-focus resin lens, and a peep-proof display mode is realized by using a long-focus resin lens, but the peep-proof display device with the structure has the following problems:
1. the structure is complex, the size of the whole device is thick, and a liquid crystal box device and a resin lens layer are required;
2. under the condition that the positions of the long-focus resin lens and the short-focus resin lens are fixed, in a corresponding display mode, light rays are required to be accurately irradiated to the corresponding resin lens, and the shared mode and the peep-proof mode are very easy to be confused because the transmitted light rays cannot be a narrow beam of light beams (the shared mode light beam path and the peep-proof light beam path are required to be ensured not to be coincident); moreover, even if a narrow beam of light is used, the distance between each beam of light and the light-taking position is large, and the light-taking position cannot be exactly the light-taking port position of the corresponding pixel, so that the sharing mode and the peep-proof mode are very easy to be confused;
3. the display pixel density (Pixels Per inc, PPI) is low, and only 1/2 Pixels are available for the shared display or the privacy display, substantially reducing the PPI displayed and losing the display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a backlight adjusting structure and a display device, which aim to solve the problems that the anti-peeping display device in the prior art is thick in size, a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode are easy to be confused, and the pixel density is low during display.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight adjustment structure, including:
the light guide plate comprises a first side light incoming surface, a second side light incoming surface and a surface, wherein the first side light incoming surface and the second side light incoming surface are opposite;
a first light source located at the first side entrance face of the waveguide plate;
a second light source located at the second side light-in face of the waveguide plate;
the multiple groups of gradient grating structures are positioned on the surface of the waveguide plate, and the grating periods in each group of gradient grating structures are sequentially reduced in the direction from the first light source to the second light source; the groups of the gradual-change grating structures are configured to converge the light rays emitted by the waveguide plate when only the first light source enters light, and to diverge the light rays emitted by the waveguide plate when only the second light source enters light.
In a possible embodiment, the plurality of sets of graded grating structures are configured to converge the light exiting through the waveguide plate to different location points when only the first light source enters light.
In one possible embodiment, the grating structures in any two sets of graded grating structures are the same.
In a possible embodiment, the smaller the variation range of the grating period within the graded grating structure, the farther the position points converge from the surface.
In a possible embodiment, the graded grating structure is configured to converge the light rays exiting through the waveguide plate to the same location point when only the first light source enters light.
In a possible embodiment, in a direction from the first light source to the second light source, for any two adjacent sets of the graded grating structures, a minimum grating period of the graded grating structure close to the first light source is larger than a maximum grating period of the graded grating structure far from the first light source.
In a possible embodiment, the surface is a light exit surface of the waveguide plate.
In a possible implementation manner, the surface is a surface of the waveguide plate opposite to the light exit surface, and a reflective layer is further covered on a surface of the graded grating structure facing away from the waveguide plate.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a display device, which comprises the backlight adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, an opposite substrate opposite to the backlight adjusting structure, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the backlight adjusting structure and the opposite substrate.
In one possible embodiment, the display device includes a plurality of pixel units; the gradual change grating structures correspond to the pixel units one by one; or, a group of the gradient grating structures corresponds to a plurality of the pixel units.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the backlight adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: a plurality of groups of gradual change grating structures positioned on one surface of the waveguide plate, wherein the grating period of each group of gradual change grating structures is sequentially reduced in the direction from the first light source to the second light source, so that when only the first light source enters light, the groups of gradual change grating structures can converge the light emitted by the waveguide plate, and when only the second light source enters light, the light emitted by the waveguide plate can be diffused, compared with the anti-peeping display device in the prior art, the thickness of the anti-peeping display device can be reduced because resin lens layers with different focal lengths are not required to be arranged, and in addition, the problem that the sharing and anti-peeping display modes are easily confused because the light and the resin lenses with the corresponding focal lengths do not correspond accurately in the anti-peeping display device in the prior art can be avoided, in addition, under the same display mode, the gradual-change grating structures at all positions can be focused or diffused, and the problem that the pixel density is low in the display process of the anti-peeping display device in the prior art can be solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight adjusting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a graded grating structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight adjustment structure with a middle peep-proof display effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight adjustment structure with a strong peep-proof display effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight adjusting structure provided with a reflective layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a weak peep-proof display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a weak peep-proof display device according to an embodiment of the present invention during display sharing;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a middle peep-proof display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention during peeping;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a middle anti-peeping display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention during sharing;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of a strong peep-proof display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a strong peep-proof display device according to an embodiment of the present invention during display sharing;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a diffraction principle of a graded grating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a diffraction principle of a gradient grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when converging;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of diffraction of a graded grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the grating structure diverges;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a design parameter and a diffraction angle of a graded grating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of light simulation effects of multiple gradient grating structures during convergence according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic view of a light simulation effect of a gradual change grating structure in convergence according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of light simulation effects of a plurality of gradient grating structures during emission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, specific embodiments of a fingerprint identifier, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device according to embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 show a backlight adjusting structure, where fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of a group of gradient grating structures in fig. 1, and the backlight adjusting structure includes:
the waveguide plate 1, the light guide plate 1 includes the opposite first side light incoming surface 11, the second side light incoming surface 12, and connect a surface 10 of the first side light incoming surface 11 and second side light incoming surface 12;
a first light source 21, the first light source 21 being located at the first side entrance face 11 of the waveguide plate 1;
a second light source 22, the second light source 22 being located at the second side entrance face 12 of the waveguide plate; the second light source 22 and the first light source 21 may be specifically collimated light sources, and enter the waveguide plate 1 at a specific incident angle, so that the light entering the waveguide plate 1 is transmitted by total reflection;
a plurality of sets of graded grating structures 3, the graded grating structures 3 being located on the surface 10 of the waveguide plate 1, and the grating periods in each set of graded grating structures 3 being sequentially reduced in a direction (as indicated by an arrow AB in fig. 1) from the first light source 11 to the second light source 12, for example, as shown in fig. 2, each set of graded grating structures 3 includes a plurality of shielding portions 32 formed by slits 31 and between adjacent slits 31, a distance between each slit 31 and another adjacent slit 31 is one grating period P of the graded grating structure, and the grating structure includes a plurality of grating periods, for example, in the direction indicated by the arrow AB, the graded grating structures 3 include grating periods P1, P2, and P3 … … Pn, where P1> P2> P3 > … … Pn; the sets of graded grating structures 3 are configured to converge light rays exiting the waveguide plate 1 when only the first light source 21 is entering light, and to diverge light rays exiting the waveguide plate 1 when only the second light source 22 is entering light.
The backlight adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the multiple groups of gradually-changed grating structures 3 are positioned on one surface 10 of the waveguide plate 1, the multiple groups of gradually-changed grating structures 3 are arranged in the direction from the first light source 21 to the second light source 22, the grating period in each group of gradually-changed grating structures 3 is sequentially reduced, and then when only the first light source 21 enters light, the multiple groups of gradually-changed grating structures 3 can converge the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1, and when only the second light source 22 enters light, the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1 can be dispersed In addition, under the same display mode, the gradual-change grating structures at all positions can be focused or diffused, and the problem that the pixel density is low in the display process of the anti-peeping display device in the prior art can be further solved.
In specific implementation, the control of light can be realized by adjusting the structures of multiple groups of gradient gratings. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the sets of graded grating structures 3 are configured to converge the light emitted through the waveguide plate 1 at different positions when only the first light source 21 enters light. In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of sets of grating structures 3 converge the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1 at different positions, for example, each set of gradient grating structures 3 converges the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1 at the position directly above the gradient grating structure 3, and different gradient grating structures 3 converge the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1 directly above different gradient grating structures 3.
In specific implementation, when the light emitted from the waveguide plate 1 is converged at different position points by the multiple groups of gradient grating structures 3, the grating structures in any two groups of gradient grating structures 3 are the same, that is, the structures of the multiple groups of gradient grating structures 3 are the same, the heights of the convergence position points of the light emitted from each position are the same, the convergence effect is the same, and uniformity control of the display effect of each position in one mode is realized.
In practical implementation, the smaller the variation range of the grating period in the gradient grating structure 3 is, the farther the converging position point is from the surface. In the embodiment of the invention, the variation range of the grating period in the gradient grating structure 3 is controlled, so that the control on the converging position points can be realized, and the different control position points can cause different peeping prevention effects in the peeping prevention mode, namely, the farther the converging position points are, the smaller the light viewing angle is, the better the peeping prevention effect is, and the more difficult others can see the peeping prevention effect is. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, in the backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 1, the variation range of the grating period in each group of the graded grating structures 3 is, for example, changed from 5 to 1, that is, for example, each group of the graded grating structures 3 includes 5 grating periods, and the 5 grating periods of each group of the graded grating structures 3 are respectively P1-5, P2-4, P3-3, P4-2, and P5-1; in another backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 3, each group of the gradient grating structures 3 also includes 5 grating periods, but the 5 grating periods of each group of the gradient grating structures 3 are P1-3, P2-2.75, P3-2.5, P4-2.25, and P5-2, that is, the variation range of each group of the gradient grating structures 3 of the backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 1 is 4, and the variation range of each group of the gradient grating structures 3 shown in fig. 3 is 1, that is, the variation range of the grating period of the backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 1 is greater than that of the grating period shown in fig. 3, the backlight structure shown in fig. 1 is weak peep-proof, the backlight structure shown in fig. 3 is medium peep-proof, and the peep-proof display device manufactured by the backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 3 is less visible to the outside than the backlight adjustment structure shown in fig. 1. It should be noted that the number and specific numerical values of the grating periods of each group of the graded grating structures 3 are only used to more clearly illustrate the influence of the variation range of different grating periods on the peep-proof effect, and the invention is not limited thereto.
In particular, referring to fig. 4, the graded grating structure 3 is configured to converge the light exiting through the waveguide plate 1 at the same location point when only the first light source 21 enters light. In the embodiment of the invention, the gradually-changed grating structure 3 converges the gratings emitted from the waveguide plate 1 at the same position point, so that the peep-proof effect can be further enhanced, that is, the content displayed by the peep-proof display device made of the backlight adjusting structure can be viewed only at a certain position, and the content displayed by the display device can not be viewed at other positions.
Specifically, for the case that the light emitted from the waveguide plate is converged at the same position point by the gradient grating structures 3, the gradient grating structures 3 may be set such that, for any two adjacent groups of gradient grating structures 3, the minimum grating period of the gradient grating structure 3 close to the first light source 21 is greater than the maximum grating period of the gradient grating structure 3 far from the first light source 21 in the direction from the first light source 21 to the second light source 22. For example, the backlight adjusting structure includes three sets of gradient grating structures 3, in a direction from the first light source 21 to the second light source 22, the three sets of gradient grating structures 3 are respectively a first set of gradient grating structure, a second set of gradient grating structure, and a third set of gradient grating structure, wherein a grating period of the first set of gradient grating structure is changed from 10 to 8, a grating period of the second set of grating structure is changed from 7 to 5, and a grating period of the third set of gradient grating structure is changed from 4 to 2, that is, for the first set of gradient grating structure and the second set of gradient grating structure, a minimum grating period 8 of the first set of gradient grating structure close to the first light source 21 is greater than a maximum grating period 7 of the second set of gradient grating structure far from the first light source 21; for the second and third sets of graded grating structures, the minimum grating period 5 of the second set of graded grating structures close to the first light source 21 is larger than the maximum grating period 4 of the third set of graded grating structures far from the first light source. It should be noted that, the number of the gradient grating structures 3 included in the backlight adjusting structure and the value of the grating period of each group of the gradient grating structures 3 are only to more clearly illustrate the arrangement manner of the gradient grating structures 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the invention can also realize that the light rays emitted by the waveguide plate 1 are converged at the same position point by arranging the gradient grating structure 3 into other structural forms.
In practical implementation, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the surface 10 is a light exit surface of the waveguide plate 1, that is, if the upper surface 13 of the waveguide plate 1 is a light exit surface, the graded grating structure 3 may be disposed on the upper surface 13 of the waveguide plate.
In specific implementation, referring to fig. 5, the surface 10 is a surface of the waveguide plate 1 opposite to the light exit surface 13, and a surface of the gradual change grating structure 3 away from the waveguide plate 1 is further covered with a reflective layer 15, that is, if the upper surface 13 of the waveguide plate 1 is the light exit surface, the gradual change grating structure 3 may be disposed on the lower surface 14 of the waveguide plate 1, and when the gradual change grating structure 3 is disposed on the lower surface 14 of the waveguide plate 1, a reflective layer 15 may be further covered below the gradual change grating structure 3, that is, the gradual change grating structure 3 disposed in the backlight adjustment structure may also be a reflective gradual change grating structure, and the reflective gradual change grating structure has a higher light efficiency, which is about 2 times higher than that of a transmissive gradual change grating structure disposed on the light exit surface of the waveguide plate 1.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, as shown in fig. 6, including the backlight adjusting structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention, further including an opposite substrate opposite to the backlight adjusting structure, and a liquid crystal layer 5 located between the backlight adjusting structure and the opposite substrate.
In particular implementations, a display device includes a plurality of pixel cells; the gradual change grating structures 3 correspond to the pixel units one by one; or, a group of gradient grating structures corresponds to a plurality of pixel units.
In specific implementation, referring to fig. 6, the display device may further include a first resin layer 61 covering the graded grating structure 3, a lower polarizer 91 positioned on a side of the waveguide plate 1 facing the liquid crystal layer 5, and a lower driving electrode 81 positioned on a side of the lower polarizer 91 facing the liquid crystal layer 5; the counter substrate may specifically include: the liquid crystal display panel comprises an upper substrate base plate 4, a quantum dot color film layer 7 positioned on one surface, facing the liquid crystal layer 5, of the upper substrate base plate 4, a second resin layer 62 positioned on one surface, facing the liquid crystal layer 5, of the quantum dot color film layer 7, an upper driving electrode 82 positioned on one surface, facing the liquid crystal layer 5, of the second resin layer 62, and an upper polarizer 92 positioned on one surface, facing away from the liquid crystal layer 5, of the upper substrate base plate 4.
On one hand, the first resin layer 61 may planarize the gradient grating structure 3 on the surface of the waveguide plate 1, and protect the gradient grating structure 3, so as to prepare other structures such as a driving film layer and the like on the upper portion; on the other hand, the refractive index of the first resin layer 61 is smaller than that of the waveguide plate 1, and a light-blocking effect for the waveguide plate 1, that is, the refractive index of the waveguide plate 1 is required to be higher than those of the upper and lower media, can be obtained.
The quantum dot color film layer 7 is configured to determine wavelengths of light emitted by the first light source 21 and the second light source 22 according to a monochromatic color to be displayed when the display device of the embodiment of the present invention realizes monochromatic display; when the display device realizes color display, the first light source 21 and the second light source 22 are light sources emitting blue light, and cooperate with the quantum dot color film layer 7 to realize color display. The waveguide plate 1 may be a glass substrate or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The entire surface of the waveguide plate 1 is smooth and flat. The gradient grating structure 3 can be formed by etching a slit on the surface of the waveguide plate 1, or can be formed by forming other patterned films on the surface of the waveguide plate 3, and the other films can be specifically made of silicon nitride (SiN) or metal materials.
The display device in the embodiment of the invention comprises the quantum dot color film layer 7, the second driving electrode 82, the backlight adjusting structure and the liquid crystal 5, so that gray scale display can be realized, and the display modes such as TN, IPS, ADS, VA and the like can be adopted specifically, but not limited herein.
The display mode and the display principle of the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention are further described below with reference to fig. 7 to 19, as follows:
three peep-proof display schemes
Firstly, a weak peep-proof display is shown, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the weak peep-proof display device during peep-proof, wherein a first light source 21 is turned on, a second light source 22 is turned off, light is incident from the first light source 21, and light emitted from a waveguide plate is converged by a gradual-change grating structure 3; fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the weak peep-proof display device during sharing, in which the first light source 21 is turned off, the second light source 22 is turned on, light is incident from the second light source 22, and the light emitted from the waveguide plate is emitted by the graded grating structure 3. When the diffraction light beams are converged, the focal point height of the diffraction light beams of the variable-period gradually-changed grating structure is low, and the field angle of the light rays is slightly larger.
Secondly, in the middle peep-proof display, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle peep-proof display device during peep-proof, wherein the first light source 21 is turned on, the second light source 22 is turned off, light is incident from the first light source 21, and the light emitted from the waveguide plate is converged by the gradient grating structure 3; fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle privacy display device during sharing, in which the first light source 21 is turned off, the second light source 22 is turned on, light is incident from the second light source 22, and the light emitted from the waveguide plate is emitted by the graded grating structure 3. When the diffraction light beams are converged, the focal point height of the diffraction light beams of the variable-period gradually-changed grating structure is high, and the light ray field angle is small.
Thirdly, strong peep-proof display, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the strong peep-proof display device during peep-proof, wherein the first light source 21 is turned on, the second light source 22 is turned off, light is incident from the first light source 21, and the light emitted from the waveguide plate is converged by the gradual-change grating structure 3; fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the strong peep-proof display device during sharing, in which the first light source 21 is turned off, the second light source 22 is turned on, light is incident from the second light source 22, and the light emitted from the waveguide plate is emitted by the graded grating structure 3. The variable-period gradual-change grating structure comprises a variable-period gradual-change grating structure body and a plurality of pixels, wherein one variable-period gradual-change grating structure body corresponds to the pixels, and the focus point of each variable-period gradual-change grating structure body points to the same position (namely the structural parameters of each variable-period gradual-change grating structure body are different), so that the display device can be seen only when the glasses are at the fixed position, and the display device has a strong peep-proof display effect.
The design principle and simulation result of the micro-nano gradient grating structure 3 are as follows:
as shown in fig. 13, the incident light is transmitted from left to right at an angle θ 1 from the waveguide plate 1, the period of the variable period graded grating structure 3 is gradually reduced from left to right (P1> P2> P3 … > Pn), and the angle θ (2, n) of the light emitted through the graded grating structure can be obtained by the following formula:
n1sinθ1–n2sinθ(2,n)＝mλ/p(n)；
θ(2,n)＝atan{(w/2-[P1+P1+……+P(n-1)])/f}；
where w is the width of the variable period grating, P1, P2 … Pn are the period of the variable period grating, f is the focal point height of the variable period grating, θ 1 is the incident angle (the angle of the light propagating in the waveguide), n1 is the refractive index of the waveguide layer, and n2 is the refractive index of the diffraction medium.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when light is transmitted forward (from the first light source on the left side to the second light source on the right side) in the waveguide plate 1, the graded grating structure converges to extract light; when the light in the waveguide plate is transmitted reversely, the gradual change grating structure scatters and extracts the light. Specific examples are given below:
assuming that the refractive index of the waveguide plate 1 is n1 is 1.52, the focal point height is f 30um, and the transmission angle θ 1 of the light in the waveguide plate is 65 °, the period parameter of the grating corresponding to the convergence angle θ - — θ + can be calculated according to the above calculation formula, as shown in fig. 16.
As shown in fig. 17 to 19, the simulation results obtained according to the above design method are shown. When light is transmitted in the waveguide plate 1 in the forward direction, the gradual-change grating structure 3 above the waveguide plate 1 presents a convergent light-taking mode (fig. 17 and 18), and at this time, an imaging peep-proof display mode is adopted; when light is transmitted in the waveguide plate 1 in the reverse direction, the graded grating structure 3 above the waveguide plate 1 is grating-imaged to scatter the light extraction mode (fig. 19), which is now shared with the display mode. The duty cycle of the variable-period gradient grating structure 3 and the light extraction effect of the gradient grating structure influenced by the period can be designed according to specific application scenes or backlight uniformity requirements.
The backlight adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the multiple groups of gradually-changed grating structures are positioned on one surface of the waveguide plate, the grating period in each group of gradually-changed grating structures is sequentially reduced in the direction from the first light source to the second light source, and then when only the first light source enters light, the multiple groups of gradually-changed grating structures can converge the light emitted by the waveguide plate, and when only the second light source enters light, the light emitted by the waveguide plate can be diffused, compared with the anti-peeping display device in the prior art, the thickness of the anti-peeping display device can be reduced because resin lens layers with different focal lengths are not required to be arranged, and in addition, the sharing or anti-peeping display mode is realized without resin lenses with different focal lengths in different positions, so that the problem that the sharing and the anti-peeping display mode are easily confused due to inaccurate correspondence between the light and the resin lenses with the corresponding focal lengths in the anti-peeping display device in the prior art can be avoided, in addition, under the same display mode, the gradual-change grating structures at all positions can be focused or diffused, and the problem that the pixel density is low in the display process of the anti-peeping display device in the prior art can be solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. A backlight adjusting structure, comprising:
the waveguide plate comprises a first side light incoming surface, a second side light incoming surface and a surface, wherein the first side light incoming surface and the second side light incoming surface are opposite, and the surface is connected with the first side light incoming surface and the second side light incoming surface;
a first light source located at the first side entrance face of the waveguide plate;
a second light source located at the second side entrance face of the waveguide plate;
the multiple groups of gradient grating structures are positioned on the surface of the waveguide plate, and the grating periods in each group of gradient grating structures are sequentially reduced in the direction from the first light source to the second light source; the groups of the gradual-change grating structures are configured to converge the light rays emitted by the waveguide plate when only the first light source enters light and diverge the light rays emitted by the waveguide plate when only the second light source enters light;
the multiple groups of the gradual-change grating structures are configured to converge light rays emitted by the waveguide plate at different position points when only the first light source enters light, wherein the grating structures in any two groups of the gradual-change grating structures are the same;
the gradual-change grating structures are configured to converge light rays emitted from the waveguide plate to the same position point when only the first light source enters light, wherein for any two adjacent groups of the gradual-change grating structures, the minimum grating period of the gradual-change grating structure close to the first light source is larger than the maximum grating period of the gradual-change grating structure far away from the first light source in the direction from the first light source to the second light source.
2. The backlight modulation structure of claim 1 wherein the smaller the range of variation of the grating period within the graded grating structure, the further the location points of convergence are from the surface.
3. The backlight modulation structure of any one of claims 1-2 wherein the surface is a light-exiting surface of the waveguide plate.
4. The backlight modulation structure of any one of claims 1-2 wherein the surface is a side of the waveguide plate opposite the exit surface, and a side of the graded grating structure facing away from the waveguide plate is further covered with a reflective layer.
5. A display device comprising the backlight adjusting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an opposite substrate opposite to the backlight adjusting structure, and a liquid crystal layer between the backlight adjusting structure and the opposite substrate.
6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the display device comprises a plurality of pixel units; the gradual change grating structures correspond to the pixel units one by one; or, a group of the gradient grating structures corresponds to a plurality of the pixel units.
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| JP2008281647A (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-20 | Citizen Electronics Co Ltd | Optical member, back light unit and display device |
| CN106094342A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of backlight module, display device and display packing |
| CN108885309A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-11-23 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Use the backlight body based on grating on reflecting grating island |
| CN109100887A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2018-12-28 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Backlight body, electronic console, multi-view display and operating method |
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| JP2008281647A (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-20 | Citizen Electronics Co Ltd | Optical member, back light unit and display device |
| CN109100887A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2018-12-28 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Backlight body, electronic console, multi-view display and operating method |
| CN108885309A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-11-23 | 镭亚股份有限公司 | Use the backlight body based on grating on reflecting grating island |
| CN106094342A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of backlight module, display device and display packing |
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