CN110426690A - A kind of airborne weather radar beam position automatic calibrating method - Google Patents

A kind of airborne weather radar beam position automatic calibrating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110426690A
CN110426690A CN201910587774.1A CN201910587774A CN110426690A CN 110426690 A CN110426690 A CN 110426690A CN 201910587774 A CN201910587774 A CN 201910587774A CN 110426690 A CN110426690 A CN 110426690A
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error
radar
data
pitching
digital elevation
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CN110426690B (en
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陈娟
高霞
程宇峰
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Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute Aviation Industry Corp of China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4004Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
    • G01S7/4026Antenna boresight
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration methods, it is characterized in that, calculating the difference in beam region and theoretical irradiation area during the scanning process using digital elevation map, automatic estimation orientation and pitching Beam steering error, realize calibration.The present invention utilizes digital elevation map information, calculates the difference in beam region and theoretical irradiation area, automatic estimation orientation and pitching Beam steering error during the scanning process, and realize calibration function.The method of the present invention enormously simplifies the measurement method of airborne weather radar Beam steering error method, is effectively improved meteorological detection performance.The method of the present invention can be applied to dual-use forward looking airborne radar field.The method of the present invention principle is simple, and it is accurate to calculate, and can carry out radar antenna beam position angle estimation error automatically, has good market application prospect.

Description

A kind of airborne weather radar beam position automatic calibrating method
Technical field
The invention belongs to airborne weather radar technical field, it is related to a kind of airborne weather radar beam position side of calibration automatically Method.
Background technique
Airborne weather radar can be realized the detection and display of the meteorological target in front of flight route, and pilot is according to display The information such as meteorological target strength, distance and bearing, carry out workaround in advance on device, ensure flight safety.For the ease of checking And decision, need radar to provide the accurate meteorological display without noise jamming.
Radar beam, which is directed toward deviation, will affect antenna beam coverage, as shown in Figure 1, antenna beam is in orientation and bows It facing upward to there is certain error in pointing, so that beam region is deviated with specified region, radar detection being caused to be arrived Meteorological target strength and position mark inaccuracy, or even clutter can be brought to influence, cause the loss of radar data reduction.In order to Guarantee that radar can accurately obtain the weather information of aircraft forward, and eliminate noise jamming, radar after reinstalling every time all It needs to carry out beam position calibration.
Beam steering error refers to the differential seat angle between the direction that the actual direction of radar antenna and requirement are directed toward, and is a variety of mistakes Difference interaction as a result, main error source is antenna installation error and random amplitude phase error, if using active phase Array antenna, then influence of the mutual coupling between unit, the inconsistency of antenna radiation pattern and antenna house etc. can all cause beam position Deviation.
Currently, the beam alignmetn of airborne weather radar concentrates on the calibration aspect of antenna installation error, need head top It rises, adjusts the horizontal plane of aircraft in abswolute level state, and carry out school using antenna of the special instrument and equipment to installation Target, which require manual operation, and program is complicated, and heavy workload and fineness height, larger error in pointing will be caused by slightly neglecting, The technical experience of operator is required high;And test site and condition requirement are harsh, it is inconvenient, while every installation radar Special measurement will be carried out, to some radars for not being able to satisfy measuring condition, it is difficult to required precision needed for meeting system, because This, is badly in need of the measurement and calibration of a kind of simple and effective means realization antenna beam error in pointing.
This patent is directed to manually the realistic problems such as measurement antenna beam error in pointing difficulty is big, test site is limited, Propose a kind of method be directed toward using digital elevation map secondary beam and calibrated automatically.This method passes through in flight course Select the automatic calibration knob of antenna, radar emission electromagnetic wave is scanned a certain region, the scanning figure obtained according to radar with Practical corresponding Digital height model is compared and related, acquisition radar beam error in pointing, and the error is stored in processing The error amount can be all called to carry out the calibration of Beam steering error inside machine, in later period radar use process.This method principle letter Single, easy to operate, all not additional to measuring condition, place and survey crew requirement, achieves that in flight course, side Just quick, it can greatly save the cost.
Innovation and creation purpose
This patent is directed to manually the realistic problems such as measurement antenna beam error in pointing difficulty is big, test site is limited, Propose a kind of method calibrated automatically using digital elevation map auxiliary airborne weather radar progress beam position.Pass through flight Radar scanning data and digital elevation data in the process, it is automatic to estimate airborne weather radar Beam steering error, improve antenna Pointing accuracy realizes accurately detecting and the display of meteorological target, improves meteorological radar sounding performance.
Technical solution
A kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method, which is characterized in that digital elevation map is utilized, scanned The difference in beam region and theoretical irradiation area, automatic estimation orientation and pitching Beam steering error are calculated in journey, are realized Calibration.
The specific implementation step of the calibration includes:
(1) it during carrier aircraft smooth flight, selects beam alignmetn mode: so that radar beam is irradiated to ground completely, returning Wave distinguishes clutter band, and radar scanning enrolls data simultaneously, after completing a scan period, obtains the landform that radar receives and returns Wave number evidence;
(2) radar data pre-processes: radar return data are calculated into modulus value, and estimating noise power on this basis, if Set noise gate;
(3) pitching error in pointing is estimated: taking position according to radar return and takes position with calculated theory and is compared Compared with going out Beam steering error by the bias estimation of position;
(4) it bearing sense estimation error: by the radar return data binary conversion treatment of a scan line, and extracts compensation and bows Digital elevation map data within the scope of radar scanning after facing upward error in pointing, while binary conversion treatment is carried out, utilize data point The method of block calculates the correlation of radar return data and digital elevation map data, realizes the estimation of bearing sense error;
(5) Beam steering error is calibrated.Calculated pitching and azimuth beam error in pointing value are stored, in radar The value is called to carry out Beam steering error calibration in use process.
In the step (3), pitching error in pointing estimation specific implementation step are as follows:
1) for each orientation echo data, beam coverage area is extracted, calculate each orientation echo data takes ground recently Distance;
2) it according to carrier aircraft longitude, latitude, height, course angle, azimuth, pitch angle information, is mentioned from digital elevation map Take the Terrain Height Information in beam direction;According to Terrain Elevation, carrier aircraft height, beam position information, calculate theoretically Take recently distance;
3) according to echo it is practical take distance and it is theoretical take distance difference, estimate pitching Beam steering error;
4) step 1)~3 are repeated), estimate the pitching Beam steering error in all orientation;
5) pitch error data are filtered, obtained result is as pitching Beam steering error.
In the step (4), bearing sense estimation error implements step are as follows:
1) radar return data binary conversion treatment, and by its piecemeal, and every block number is recorded according to corresponding center hold angle;
2) influence of the pitching angle error of radar is eliminated, the landform letter without pitch error is extracted from digital elevation map Breath, and consider wave cover and block;
3) the digital elevation map terrain data binary conversion treatment that will be extracted, and carry out sliding window piecemeal, piecemeal size with Radar data is consistent, records every block number according to corresponding center hold angle;
4) related coefficient is calculated, all data blocks of each radar return data block and digital elevation map data are carried out Relevant calculation finds out the corresponding data of related coefficient maximum value, calculates the center hold angle error of the two;
5) it repeats step 4) and obtains the center hold angle error data of each radar return data block;
6) center azimuth angle error data are filtered, obtained result is as azimuth beam error in pointing.
Filtering processing in the step 5), specially intermediate value processing.
Beneficial effect
(1) present invention utilizes digital elevation map information, calculates beam region during the scanning process and theory is irradiated The difference in region, automatic estimation orientation and pitching Beam steering error, and realize calibration function.The method of the present invention enormously simplifies The measurement method of airborne weather radar Beam steering error method, is effectively improved meteorological detection performance.
(2) the method for the present invention can be applied to dual-use forward looking airborne radar field.The method of the present invention principle is simple, meter It calculates accurately really, radar antenna beam position angle estimation error can be carried out automatically, there is good market application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that pitching error in pointing estimates schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is inventive algorithm flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:
(1) during carrier aircraft smooth flight, beam alignmetn mode is selected.Radar according to current carrier aircraft height, Terrain Elevation, The parameters such as beam angle automatically select suitable pitching beam position and azimuth scan range, so that radar beam irradiates completely To ground, echo can obviously distinguish clutter band, and radar scanning while enrolls data, after completing a scan period, obtain The terrain return data X that radar receivesRadar[Nr][Naz], wherein Nr、NazRespectively indicate the unit of distance dimension, azimuth dimension Number, current pitching direction value fELWith bearing data fAz[Naz]。
(2) radar data pre-processes.It is Y that radar return data, which are calculated modulus value postscript,Radar[Nr][Naz], and it is basic herein Noise gate P is arranged in upper estimating noise powern_Threshold
(3) pitching error in pointing is estimated
Wave beam takes position and pitch angle, and there are corresponding relationship (shown in Fig. 1), take position and theory according to radar return It is worth calculated position of taking to be compared, Beam steering error is estimated that by the offset of position, the specific steps are as follows:
1) for each orientation naz(naz=1,2,3 ..., Naz) echo data, beam coverage area is extracted, each side is calculated Position echo data take recently distance, be denoted as Rmin(na);
2) according to information such as carrier aircraft longitude, latitude, course angle, azimuths, from extraction wave beam in digital elevation map (DEM) The Terrain Height Information of direction of illumination, and saved by radar sampling rate, the DEM information preservation of present orientation is TmpDEM [Nr];
3) according to the information such as Terrain Elevation, carrier aircraft height, beam position calculate it is theoretic take recently distance RDEM_min(na);
4) according to echo it is practical take distance and it is theoretical take distance difference, estimate pitching Beam steering error, be denoted as Errel(na);
5) step 1)~4 are repeated), estimate the pitching Beam steering error Err in all orientationel[Naz];
6) to pitch error data Errel[Naz] carry out intermediate value processing, obtained result as pitching Beam steering error, It is denoted as
(4) bearing sense estimation error
By the radar return data binary conversion treatment of a scan line, after extracting compensation pitching error in pointing in DEM Terrain data, while binary conversion treatment is carried out, the estimation of bearing sense error is realized using the relevant method of deblocking, specifically Steps are as follows:
1) radar return data binary conversion treatment, the echo position that will be greater than noise gate set 1, are otherwise 0, and by its point Data set is denoted as Y by blockRadar{ N }, N are block count, and every block number is according to interior comprising K frame echo data YRadar{ n } .Data, n=1, 2 ..., N and every block number are according to corresponding center hold angle YRadar{n}.fAz
2) influence of pitching angle error is eliminated, the terrain information without pitch error is extracted in digital elevation map DEM, Consider wave cover and block, the dem data of extraction is denoted as XDEM[Nr][Naz];
3) by DEM terrain data binary conversion treatment, and sliding window piecemeal is carried out, piecemeal size is consistent with radar data, is denoted as YDEM{ M }, M are block count, and every block number is according to interior comprising K frame echo data YDEM{ m } .Data, m=1,2 ..., M and every block number According to corresponding center hold angle YDEM{m}.fAz
4) related coefficient is calculated, to data block YRadar{ n } .Data respectively with YDEMM data block carry out relevant calculation, The corresponding data of related coefficient maximum value are found out, computer azimuth angle error is denoted as Erraz(n);
[~, j]=max (R)
Erraz(n)=YRadar{n}.fAz-YDEM{j}.fAz
5) it repeats step 4) and obtains N number of azimuth angle error data Erraz[N];
6) to orientation error information Erraz[N] carries out intermediate value processing, and obtained result is as azimuth beam error in pointing, note For
(5) Beam steering error is calibrated.Calculated pitching and azimuth beam error in pointing value are stored, in radar The value is called to carry out Beam steering error calibration in use process:

Claims (5)

1. a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method, which is characterized in that digital elevation map is utilized, in scanning process The middle difference for calculating beam region and theoretical irradiation area, automatic estimation orientation and pitching Beam steering error, realize school It is quasi-.
2. a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tool of the calibration Body implementation steps include:
(1) during carrier aircraft smooth flight, beam alignmetn mode is selected: so that radar beam is irradiated to ground, echo area completely Clutter band is separated, radar scanning enrolls data simultaneously, after completing a scan period, obtains the terrain return number that radar receives According to;
(2) radar data pre-processes: radar return data being calculated modulus value, and estimating noise power on this basis, setting are made an uproar Glottis limit;
(3) pitching error in pointing is estimated: it position is taken according to radar return takes position with calculated theory and be compared, it is logical The bias estimation for crossing position goes out Beam steering error;
(4) it bearing sense estimation error: by the radar return data binary conversion treatment of a scan line, and extracts compensation pitching and refers to Digital elevation map data into the radar scanning after error, while binary conversion treatment is carried out, utilize deblocking Method calculates the correlation of radar return data and digital elevation map data, realizes the estimation of bearing sense error;
(5) Beam steering error is calibrated.Calculated pitching and azimuth beam error in pointing value are stored, used in radar The value is called to carry out Beam steering error calibration in the process.
3. a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (3) In, pitching error in pointing estimation specific implementation step are as follows:
1) for each orientation echo data, extract beam coverage area, calculate each orientation echo data take recently distance;
2) according to carrier aircraft longitude, latitude, height, course angle, azimuth, pitch angle information, wave is extracted from digital elevation map The Terrain Height Information of beam direction of illumination;According to Terrain Elevation, carrier aircraft height, beam position information, calculate it is theoretic most Closely take distance;
3) according to echo it is practical take distance and it is theoretical take distance difference, estimate pitching Beam steering error;
4) step 1)~3 are repeated), estimate the pitching Beam steering error in all orientation;
5) pitch error data are filtered, obtained result is as pitching Beam steering error.
4. a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (4) In, bearing sense estimation error implements step are as follows:
1) radar return data binary conversion treatment, and by its piecemeal, and every block number is recorded according to corresponding center hold angle;
2) influence of the pitching angle error of radar is eliminated, the terrain information without pitch error is extracted from digital elevation map, And considers wave cover and block;
3) the digital elevation map terrain data binary conversion treatment that will be extracted, and sliding window piecemeal is carried out,
Piecemeal size is consistent with radar data, records every block number according to corresponding center hold angle;
4) related coefficient is calculated, it is related to the progress of all data blocks of digital elevation map data to each radar return data block It calculates, finds out the corresponding data of related coefficient maximum value, calculate the center hold angle error of the two;
5) it repeats step 4) and obtains the center hold angle error data of each radar return data block;
6) center azimuth angle error data are filtered, obtained result is as azimuth beam error in pointing.
5. according to a kind of airborne weather radar beam position calibration method of claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the step 5) filtering processing in, specially intermediate value processing.
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CN110940310A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-31 北京遥测技术研究所 Calculation method for phased array antenna beam pointing angle of missile-borne relay measurement and control terminal
CN111366913A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-03 上海卫星工程研究所 Calibration method for optical axis pointing measurement error of satellite-borne laser radar
CN111521882A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-11 清华大学 On-orbit calibration method and device for beam pointing error of deep space probe antenna
CN111796246A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-10-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 Azimuth multi-parameter combined correction method for wave beam offset of waveguide slot antenna
CN111859255A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军78125部队 Radar detection range calculation method under influence of terrain shielding
CN112098958A (en) * 2020-10-22 2020-12-18 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Radar clutter prediction method based on digital map and meteorological hydrological information
CN113702402A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-26 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Method for automatically calibrating azimuth and elevation angles of water vapor radiometer
CN114217278A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-22 齐鲁空天信息研究院 Dynamic target-based amplitude and phase calibration method and system for phased array radar
CN115267711A (en) * 2022-09-27 2022-11-01 成都信息工程大学 Weather radar antenna directivity gross error calibration method and related product
CN116108703A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-05-12 中国人民解放军63921部队 Correction method and device applied to beam pointing value of non-planar radome
CN116879857A (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-10-13 成都远望科技有限责任公司 Far-field target and radar central beam alignment method

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CN110940310B (en) * 2019-11-15 2021-12-07 北京遥测技术研究所 Calculation method for phased array antenna beam pointing angle of missile-borne relay measurement and control terminal
CN110940310A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-31 北京遥测技术研究所 Calculation method for phased array antenna beam pointing angle of missile-borne relay measurement and control terminal
CN111366913A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-03 上海卫星工程研究所 Calibration method for optical axis pointing measurement error of satellite-borne laser radar
CN111521882A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-11 清华大学 On-orbit calibration method and device for beam pointing error of deep space probe antenna
CN111796246A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-10-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 Azimuth multi-parameter combined correction method for wave beam offset of waveguide slot antenna
CN111859255A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军78125部队 Radar detection range calculation method under influence of terrain shielding
CN112098958A (en) * 2020-10-22 2020-12-18 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Radar clutter prediction method based on digital map and meteorological hydrological information
CN112098958B (en) * 2020-10-22 2022-04-26 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Radar clutter prediction method based on digital map and meteorological hydrological information
CN113702402B (en) * 2021-09-01 2023-08-01 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Automatic calibration method for azimuth elevation angle of water vapor radiometer
CN113702402A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-26 中国电波传播研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所) Method for automatically calibrating azimuth and elevation angles of water vapor radiometer
CN114217278A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-22 齐鲁空天信息研究院 Dynamic target-based amplitude and phase calibration method and system for phased array radar
CN115267711B (en) * 2022-09-27 2023-02-28 成都信息工程大学 Antenna directivity gross error calibration method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN115267711A (en) * 2022-09-27 2022-11-01 成都信息工程大学 Weather radar antenna directivity gross error calibration method and related product
CN116108703A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-05-12 中国人民解放军63921部队 Correction method and device applied to beam pointing value of non-planar radome
CN116879857A (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-10-13 成都远望科技有限责任公司 Far-field target and radar central beam alignment method
CN116879857B (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-11-17 成都远望科技有限责任公司 Far-field target and radar central beam alignment method

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