CN110421373B - Zero point positioning system with mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function - Google Patents

Zero point positioning system with mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110421373B
CN110421373B CN201910820277.1A CN201910820277A CN110421373B CN 110421373 B CN110421373 B CN 110421373B CN 201910820277 A CN201910820277 A CN 201910820277A CN 110421373 B CN110421373 B CN 110421373B
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positioning
conical surface
embedded
connecting hole
conical
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CN110421373A (en
Inventor
谢广德
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Suzhou Set Industrial Equipment System Co ltd
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Suzhou Set Industrial Equipment System Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/12Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of positioning systems, and particularly relates to a zero point positioning system with a mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function, which comprises a positioning disc main body and a movable chassis, wherein the positioning disc main body is a step-shaped disc body, a positioning connecting hole is formed in the center of the positioning disc main body in a penetrating manner, the top surface of the positioning connecting hole is provided with a conical positioning surface, a locking ring sleeve is fixedly embedded at the bottom end of the positioning connecting hole, four round holes are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the locking ring sleeve, steel balls are movably embedded in the four round holes, an annular groove is formed in the bottom surface of the positioning disc main body, the annular groove is centered on the positioning connecting hole, and eight top guide holes are uniformly distributed at the outer side of the annular groove. The invention greatly reduces the time for replacing the tool, and the pressure source can be cut off at any time in the locking state by mechanical locking through the spring force, and particularly, the invention is applied to a machine tool with a turntable of four shafts, five shafts and the like, so that the problem of winding of an air pipe and a hydraulic pipe is solved, and the positioning precision is high.

Description

Zero point positioning system with mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of positioning systems, in particular to a zero point positioning system with a mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function.
Background
The machining center is a highly-automatic multifunctional numerical control machine tool workpiece with a tool magazine and an automatic tool changing device, after being clamped for one time on the machining center, the numerical control system can control the machine tool to automatically select and change tools according to different working procedures, and automatically change the rotating speed and the feeding amount of a main shaft of the machine tool, the movement track of the tools relative to the workpiece and other auxiliary functions, and the machining of multiple working procedures on a plurality of surfaces of the workpiece is completed sequentially. The novel clamping and positioning device has the advantages that the novel clamping and positioning device has multiple tool changing or tool selecting functions, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved, the requirements on the clamping and positioning elements of the machining center are higher and higher, the traditional positioning mode is adopted in the old process of the machining center, the positioning accuracy of the traditional clamping and positioning elements cannot be guaranteed, the clamping force is small, continuous supplementary power is required to achieve the purpose of keeping the clamping force during working, energy is greatly wasted, the adding process is complicated, the elastic force generated by the common spring is increased in proportion to the increase of the compression amount and cannot keep constant pressure during working, the telescopic stroke is small, the constant clamping force is required by many processes, the more the times of using the common spring are, the performance of the common spring is lower and lower, the spring force is reduced, the slow locking force is reduced, the traditional clamping and positioning elements bring great influence and limitation to the process design requirements, the process requirements cannot be met, the product quality and the efficiency are directly influenced, and the production cost is increased.
The existing zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function has the following problems:
1. The current zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function is long in tool replacement time, and the locking mechanism adopts air pressure or hydraulic pressure, so that the problem of winding of an air pipe and a hydraulic pipe is generated, and the repeated positioning accuracy is low.
2. Under the condition of manual operation, the current zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function can possibly generate the condition that the positioner cannot be unlocked due to insufficient pressure of a pressure source, and operators can forcefully take out the blind rivet from the clamping disc under the unknowing condition, so that some safety reasons can possibly be caused.
3. The current zero point positioning system with mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function is in the working process, and particularly metal scraps are immersed, so that positioning accuracy is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
(One) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a zero point positioning system with a mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function, which solves the three adverse problems existing in the prior zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a zero point positioning system with two-sided constraint locate function of mechanical locking, includes positioning disk main part and movable chassis, the positioning disk main part is the step shape disc body, the center of positioning disk main part runs through and is equipped with the location connecting hole, the top surface of location connecting hole sets up to the toper locating surface, the bottom gomphosis of location connecting hole is fixed with the locking ring cover, the middle part symmetry of locking ring cover is equipped with four round holes, four all movable gomphosis has the steel ball in the round hole, the bottom surface of positioning disk main part is equipped with the ring channel, the ring channel with the location connecting hole is the center, the outside partition of ring channel is equipped with eight top guiding holes, all gomphosis has the spring in the eight top guiding holes, the movable chassis is disc structure, the middle part perpendicular to the movable chassis top surface is fixed with annular lateral wall, the avris symmetry of annular lateral wall is equipped with eight bottom guiding holes, eight the bottom of spring all imbeds in the bottom guiding hole that corresponds with it, the inboard on annular lateral wall top edge is equipped with the second conical surface, the inner wall of annular lateral wall is equipped with concave trapezoidal ring groove.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top edge of the annular side wall is embedded into the annular groove, the trapezoid annular groove is embedded into the outer side of the steel ball, a conical surface positioning shaft is embedded into the positioning connecting hole, an upper positioning conical surface is arranged in the middle of the conical surface positioning shaft, a lower positioning conical surface is arranged at the bottom end of the conical surface positioning shaft, the directions of the upper positioning conical surface and the lower positioning conical surface are opposite, the upper positioning conical surface and the conical positioning surface are mutually tightly embedded, and the steel ball is pressed on the top end of the lower positioning conical surface.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the inner walls of the four round holes are provided with blocking edges, and the blocking edges are blocked from rolling in the positioning connecting holes by the steel balls.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top surface of the positioning disk main body is provided with an inward concave shallow ring, and the inner side and the outer side of the inward concave shallow ring are both axial zero point surfaces.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the bottom surface of the conical positioning surface is provided with an annular buffer groove.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the side wall of the positioning disk main body is provided with an oil filling hole, and a ball expansion plug is embedded in the oil filling hole.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top end of the conical surface positioning shaft is provided with a connecting thread, and the bottom edge of the conical surface positioning shaft is of an arc chamfer structure.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a zero point positioning system with a mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. The zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function greatly reduces the time for replacing the tool, performs mechanical locking through spring force, can cut off a pressure source at any time in a locking state, and is particularly applied to machine tools with four-axis and five-axis rotary tables, so that the problem of winding of air pipes and hydraulic pipes is solved, and the positioning precision is high.
2. The zero point positioning system with the mechanical locking double-sided constraint positioning function only needs one conical surface positioning shaft, so that the problem of precision reduction caused by error distinguishing and installation of operators is avoided, and the system can not cause the phenomenon of over-positioning.
3. Compared with the zero-clearance series locator, the zero-clearance series locator has no grooves on the surface, so that the problem of metal scraps entering is avoided, and the service life are longer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view, partially in section, of a subjective structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the semi-section structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a clamping structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the invention in the released state.
In the figure: 1. a positioning disk main body; 2. positioning the connecting hole; 201. a conical locating surface; 202. an annular buffer tank; 3. a locking ring sleeve; 301. a round hole; 302. a blocking edge; 4. a steel ball; 5. an annular groove; 6. a top guide hole; 7. a spring; 8. a movable chassis; 9. an annular sidewall; 901. a second conical surface; 902. a trapezoidal ring groove; 10. a conical surface positioning shaft; 1001. an upper positioning conical surface; 1002. a lower positioning conical surface; 11. concave shallow rings; 12. an axial zero surface; 13. a fuel filler hole; 14. ball expansion type plug; 15. and a bottom end guide hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a zero point positioning system with two-sided constraint locate function of mechanical locking, including positioning disk main part 1 and movable chassis 8, positioning disk main part 1 is the step disc body, the center of positioning disk main part 1 runs through and is equipped with location connecting hole 2, the top surface of location connecting hole 2 sets up to toper locating surface 201, the bottom gomphosis of location connecting hole 2 is fixed with locking ring cover 3, the middle part symmetry of locking ring cover 3 is equipped with four round holes 301, all movable gomphosis has steel ball 4 in four round holes 301, the bottom surface of positioning disk main part 1 is equipped with ring channel 5, ring channel 5 regards location connecting hole 2 as the center, the outside of ring channel 5 is evenly equipped with eight top guiding hole 6, all gomphosis has spring 7 in eight top guiding hole 6, movable chassis 8 is disc structure, the middle part perpendicular fixed with annular lateral wall 9 of movable chassis 8 top surface, the limit side symmetry of annular lateral wall 9 is equipped with eight bottom guiding hole 15, the bottom of eight spring 7 is all embedded in the bottom guiding hole 15 that corresponds with it, the inboard on annular lateral wall 9 top edge is equipped with second conical surface 901, the inner wall 902 of annular lateral wall 9 is equipped with concave trapezoidal ring groove 902.
In this embodiment, the conical positioning surface 201 can perform zero point positioning in the axial direction and the radial direction, the steel ball 4 can freely move in the round hole 301 and move under a stress state, when the steel ball 4 moves in the direction of the inner hole of the positioning connection hole 2, a locking force can be applied to a component embedded in the inner hole of the positioning connection hole 2, and when the steel ball 4 moves in the direction of the outer circle of the positioning connection hole 2, the locking force is released.
Specifically, the top edge of the annular side wall 9 is embedded in the annular groove 5, the trapezoid annular groove 902 is embedded in the outer side of the steel ball 4, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is embedded in the positioning connecting hole 2, the middle part of the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is provided with an upper positioning conical surface 1001, the bottom end of the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is provided with a lower positioning conical surface 1002, the directions of the upper positioning conical surface 1001 and the lower positioning conical surface 1002 are opposite, the upper positioning conical surface 1001 and the conical positioning surface 201 are tightly embedded with each other, and the steel ball 4 is pressed on the top end of the lower positioning conical surface 1002.
In this embodiment, when the conical surface positioning shaft 10 needs to be taken out from the positioning connection hole 2, pressure is applied to the movable chassis 8, the pressure spring 7 is in a compressed state under the driving of the pressure, the movable chassis 8 moves towards the direction of the positioning disk main body 1, at this time, the top edge of the annular side wall 9 is embedded into the annular groove 5, the inclined top edge of the concave trapezoid annular groove 902 no longer presses the steel ball 4, the steel ball 4 is in a free state, the pressing of the lower positioning conical surface 1002 is also released, the lower positioning conical surface 1002 pushes the steel ball 4 to roll into the trapezoid annular groove 902, at this time, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 inserted into the positioning connection hole 2 can be taken out, and in the same way, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 can be put into the positioning connection hole 2 under the state; when the conical surface positioning shaft 10 needs to be clamped, the pressure applied to the movable chassis 8 is relieved, the movable chassis 8 and the positioning disc main body 1 are separated from each other under the action of the elastic force of the spring 7, at the moment, the inclined top edge of the trapezoid ring groove 902 in the trapezoid presses the outer side of the steel ball 4 again, the steel ball 4 moves into the positioning connecting hole 2 along the round hole 301 under the action of the pressure, then presses the lower positioning conical surface 1002 at the bottom end of the conical surface positioning shaft 10, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 moves towards the direction of the movable chassis 8 under the action of the pressure of the steel ball 4 until the upper positioning conical surface 1001 and the conical positioning surface 201 are tightly embedded with each other and then kept fixed, and at the moment, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is tightly connected with the positioning disc main body 1 into a whole through the pressure of the steel ball 4 and the positioning connecting hole 2.
Specifically, the inner walls of the four round holes 301 are provided with blocking edges 302, and the blocking edges 302 are blocked by the steel balls 4 to roll into the positioning connecting holes 2.
In this embodiment, the blocking edge 302 is blocked from rolling in the positioning connection hole 2 by the steel ball 4, so that the steel ball 4 can only move between the blocking edge 302 and the trapezoid ring groove 902, thereby ensuring the working stability of the zero positioning system of the invention.
Specifically, the top surface of the positioning disk main body 1 is provided with an inward concave shallow ring 11, and the inner side and the outer side of the inward concave shallow ring 11 are both axial zero point surfaces 12.
In this embodiment, the surface provided with the concave shallow ring 11 has better positioning accuracy relative to the surface of the integral structure, and the influence of thermal expansion and contraction on the positioning accuracy of the workpiece is smaller when heated, so that good positioning accuracy is provided for the contact surface of the top surface of the positioning disc main body 1.
Specifically, the bottom surface of the conical positioning surface 201 is provided with an annular buffer groove 202.
In this embodiment, the annular buffer groove 202 can dissipate heat and maintain the accuracy of the conical positioning surface 201 under the working condition of thermal expansion and contraction.
Specifically, the sidewall of the positioning disk main body 1 is provided with an oil filling hole 13, and a ball expansion plug 14 is embedded in the oil filling hole 13.
In this embodiment, the oil filling hole 13 is used for injecting lubricating oil, which lubricates the contact part of the conical locating surface 201 and the upper locating conical surface 1001, and the steel ball 4 moves in the round hole 301, and the ball expansion plug 14 is used for periodically filling oil into the oil filling hole 13, so as to avoid the reverse outflow of the added lubricating oil.
Specifically, the top of the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is provided with a connecting thread 1003, and the bottom edge of the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is in a circular arc chamfer 1004 structure.
In this embodiment, the connecting thread 1003 is used to cooperate with the fastening nut to clamp the workpiece to be machined, the circular arc chamfer 1004 facilitates smooth combination of the bottom edge of the conical surface positioning shaft 10 and the steel ball 4, and the movement of the compressed steel ball 4 to the outer circle direction of the locking ring sleeve 3, so that the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is conveniently embedded into the bottom end of the positioning connection hole 2.
In this embodiment, the positioning plate body 1, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 and the ball expansion plug 14 are known technologies widely used in industrial production and daily life.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows: the conical positioning surface 201 can perform zero positioning in the axial direction and the radial direction, the steel ball 4 can freely move in the round hole 301 and move under the stress state, when the steel ball 4 moves towards the inner hole of the positioning connecting hole 2, locking force can be applied to a part embedded in the inner hole of the positioning connecting hole 2, when the steel ball 4 moves towards the outer circle of the positioning connecting hole 2, the locking force is released, when the conical positioning shaft 10 needs to be taken out of the positioning connecting hole 2, pressure is applied to the movable chassis 8, under the driving of the pressure, the compression spring 7 is in a compressed state, the movable chassis 8 moves towards the positioning disk main body 1, at the moment, the top edge of the annular side wall 9 is embedded into the annular groove 5, the inclined top edge of the concave trapezoid annular groove 902 does not press the steel ball 4 any more, the pressing of the lower positioning conical surface 1002 is also released when the steel ball 4 is in the free state, the lower positioning conical surface 1002 pushes the steel ball 4 to roll into the trapezoid annular groove 902, at the moment, the conical positioning shaft 10 inserted into the positioning connecting hole 2 can be taken out, and the positioning shaft 10 can be put into the positioning connecting hole 2 in the same state; when the conical surface positioning shaft 10 needs to be clamped, the pressure applied to the movable chassis 8 is relieved, the movable chassis 8 and the positioning disc main body 1 are separated from each other under the action of the elastic force of the spring 7, at the moment, the inclined top edge of the trapezoid ring groove 902 in the trapezoid presses the outer side of the steel ball 4 again, the steel ball 4 moves into the positioning connecting hole 2 along the round hole 301 under the action of the pressure, then presses the lower positioning conical surface 1002 at the bottom end of the conical surface positioning shaft 10, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 moves towards the direction of the movable chassis 8 under the action of the pressure of the steel ball 4 until the upper positioning conical surface 1001 and the conical positioning surface 201 are tightly embedded with each other and then kept fixed, and at the moment, the conical surface positioning shaft 10 is tightly connected with the positioning disc main body 1 into a whole through the pressure of the steel ball 4 and the positioning connecting hole 2, so that the zero positioning function of the invention is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. Zero point positioning system with two-sided constraint locate function of mechanical locking, including positioning disk main part (1) and activity chassis (8), its characterized in that: the positioning disc comprises a positioning disc body (1), wherein a positioning connecting hole (2) is formed in the center of the positioning disc body (1) in a penetrating manner, a conical positioning surface (201) is arranged on the top surface of the positioning connecting hole (2), a locking ring sleeve (3) is fixedly embedded at the bottom end of the positioning connecting hole (2), four round holes (301) are symmetrically formed in the middle of the locking ring sleeve (3), steel balls (4) are movably embedded in the round holes (301), an annular groove (5) is formed in the bottom surface of the positioning disc body (1), the annular groove (5) is centered on the positioning connecting hole (2), eight top end guide holes (6) are uniformly formed in the outer side of the annular groove (5), springs (7) are embedded in the eight top end guide holes (6), the movable base plate (8) is of a disc-shaped structure, annular side walls (9) are vertically fixed at the middle of the top surface of the movable base plate (8), eight bottom end guide holes (15) are symmetrically formed in the side sides of the annular side walls, the bottom ends of the eight springs (7) are embedded in the annular side walls (902), and the annular side walls (902) are arranged along the annular side walls (902) of the annular side walls (9) correspondingly; the top edge of the annular side wall (9) is embedded into the annular groove (5), the trapezoid annular groove (902) is embedded into the outer side of the steel ball (4), a conical surface positioning shaft (10) is embedded into the positioning connecting hole (2), an upper positioning conical surface (1001) is arranged in the middle of the conical surface positioning shaft (10), a lower positioning conical surface (1002) is arranged at the bottom end of the conical surface positioning shaft (10), the directions of the upper positioning conical surface (1001) and the lower positioning conical surface (1002) are opposite, the upper positioning conical surface (1001) and the conical positioning surface (201) are tightly embedded with each other, and the steel ball (4) is pressed onto the top end of the lower positioning conical surface (1002); the inner walls of the four round holes (301) are provided with blocking edges (302), and the blocking edges (302) are blocked to roll into the positioning connecting holes (2) by the steel balls (4); the top surface of the positioning disc main body (1) is provided with an inward concave shallow ring (11), and the inner side and the outer side of the inward concave shallow ring (11) are both axial zero point surfaces (12); an annular buffer groove (202) is formed in the bottom surface of the conical positioning surface (201); the side wall of the positioning disc main body (1) is provided with an oil filling hole (13), and a ball expansion plug (14) is embedded in the oil filling hole (13); the top of the conical surface positioning shaft (10) is provided with a connecting thread (1003), and the bottom edge of the conical surface positioning shaft (10) is of a circular arc chamfer (1004) structure.
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CN114083469B (en) * 2021-10-27 2023-07-04 辽宁省交通高等专科学校 Zero point locator structure for production assembly line
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