CN110417275A - Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under a kind of 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio - Google Patents

Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under a kind of 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio Download PDF

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CN110417275A
CN110417275A CN201910658661.6A CN201910658661A CN110417275A CN 110417275 A CN110417275 A CN 110417275A CN 201910658661 A CN201910658661 A CN 201910658661A CN 110417275 A CN110417275 A CN 110417275A
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phase
carrier
wave
degree
triangular carrier
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CN110417275B (en
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赵鲁
高瞻
葛琼璇
李耀华
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under a kind of 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio.Define zero-sequence component U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2, the method is superimposed zero-sequence component U by three-phase sine-wave0Obtain three-phase modulations wave;The same phase for generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees simultaneously is laminated triangular carrier, and selects at first sampled point after 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree not will lead to one group of two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers and compare triangular carrier for reality;Definition C is carrier wave ratio, under the premise of the even-multiple integer that guarantee carrier wave ratio C is 3, based on the C/2+1 modulation synchronous compared with realization three-level current transformer with three-phase modulations Bobbi of practical relatively triangular carrier.This modulator approach can realize synchronous modulation under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, and it has calculating simple, it is easy to accomplish the advantages of.

Description

Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under a kind of 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of PWM method more particularly to a kind of synchronous modulation methods realized based on carrier wave.
Background technique
Common three-level current transformer has three level ANPC (Active Neutral Point Clamped) current transformer, Main circuit topology is as shown in Figure 1.Compared to two level current transformers, there is three-level current transformer output power, device voltage to answer The advantages such as power is low;Compared to the more level topologys of cascaded H-bridges, have many advantages, such as that circuit structure is simple, is convenient for back-to-back running. Based on the above advantage, three-level current transformer is widely used in mesohigh frequency conversion speed-adjusting system.
Mesohigh frequency conversion speed-adjusting system has the characteristics that carrier wave ratio variation range is big in entire speed adjustable range.For sufficiently benefit With the switching frequency of power device, asynchronous modulation is usually used when carrier wave ratio is relatively high, at this time voltage pulse positive-negative half-cycle Influence caused by asymmetry can be ignored;And modulated according to the variation of carrier wave ratio using multiple synchronization when carrier wave is relatively low, from And the symmetry of output voltage is improved, reduce Current harmonic distortion.SVPWM(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) have the advantages that on off sequence flexible design, be a kind of modulation methods widely used in three-level current transformer Method.
The space vector of voltage distribution of SVPWM is as shown in Figure 2 under three-level current transformer.Define three-level current transformer DC side Voltage is 2E, then the corresponding amplitude of each space vector of voltage and classification are summarized in table 1.
The corresponding amplitude of each space vector of voltage of 1 SVPWM of table and classification
It is modulated for low carrier than lower synchronous SVPWM, " low carrier is SVPWM more synchronous than lower three level NPC inverter for document Algorithm " (Ge Xinglai [J] Electric Machines and Control, 2018,22 (9): 24-32.) point out that output voltage meets synchronization and can eliminate Fractional harmoni, frequency tripling subharmonic can be eliminated by meeting three-phase symmetrical, and even harmonics can be eliminated by meeting half-wave symmetry, therefore same Step system should ensure that output phase voltage waveform meets synchronization, three-phase symmetrical, half-wave symmetry, and the different vector sequences of comparative analysis Synchronization SVPWM harmonic performance.
Synchronous SVPWM can reduce harmonic wave of output voltage content, and its vector sequence is set by rationally designing vector sequence It is flexible for haggling over.But when synchronous SVPWM need to calculate the effect of each space vector of voltage at fixed sample point during realization Between, operand is larger, and realization is complex, is unfavorable for engineer application.
Synchronous SPWM directly passes through modulating wave realization synchronous modulation compared with mutually stacking triangular carrier, compares and synchronizes SVPWM calculates simple, realization conveniently.But existing synchronous SPWM can only guarantee phase voltage wave under 3 odd-multiple carrier wave ratio Shape meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry, and 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio cannot achieve phase voltage waveform meet it is synchronous, The synchronous modulation of three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.The synchronous modulation section that above-mentioned deficiency is applicable in existing synchronous SPWM is less, The corresponding carrier frequency difference of adjacent sync modem section is larger, limits its use.
Summary of the invention
It is complicated to overcome synchronous SVPWM to calculate, and existing synchronous SPWM is not suitable for lacking under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio Point, the present invention propose it is a kind of based on carrier wave realize 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio under three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method.This hair The bright same phase by generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees simultaneously is laminated triangular carrier, and 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, after 300 degree at first sampled point selection wherein one group of triangular carrier compared with modulating wave so that Output phase voltage waveform can meet synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio.The present invention widens Conventional synchronization SPWM applicable synchronous modulation segment limit, and it is calculated simply, Project Realization is very convenient.
Define zero-sequence component U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2, the present invention 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio under three-level current transformer Synchronous modulation method on three-phase sine-wave by being superimposed zero-sequence component U0Obtain three-phase modulations wave;Two groups of phase phases are generated simultaneously Triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase of poor 180 degree;After 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree One group that not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers is selected to carry at one sampled point for practical relatively triangle Wave;Definition C is carrier wave ratio, under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio C is 3 even-multiple integer, based on practical relatively triangular carrier with The synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer is realized in the comparison of three-phase modulations wave.
Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method is specific as follows under the even-multiple carrier wave ratio of one kind 3 of the invention:
1, three-phase sine-wave expression formula is determined
The present invention is defined as follows three-phase sine-wave:
In formula (1), m represents the amplitude of sine wave, f1Represent the frequency of sine wave, t represent after modulation starting by when Between, Ua、Ub、UcFor three-phase sine-wave.
2, zero-sequence component is calculated
The present invention is defined as follows zero-sequence component:
U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2 (2)
In formula (2), U0For zero-sequence component, UmaxRepresent three-phase sine-wave Ua、UbAnd UcThe duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds Maximum value after 1, UminRepresent Ua、UbAnd UcMinimum value after the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1.
Umax、UminSpecific judgment mode such as formula (3):
To Umax、UminIn judgment mode, Ua' represent A phase sine wave UaAfter the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 processing Value, Ub' represent B phase sine wave Ub and be positive that duration is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 treated value, Uc' represent C phase sine wave Uc The duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 treated value.
3, three-phase modulations wave expression formula is determined
The present invention is superimposed zero-sequence component by three-phase sine-wave and obtains three-phase modulations wave, it may be assumed that
In formula (4), Uma、UmbAnd UmcFor three-phase modulations wave, Ua、UbAnd UcFor three-phase sine-wave, U0For zero-sequence component.
4, triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase for generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees
The present invention generates the triangular carrier of two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees, two amplitudes, frequency phase above and below each freedom simultaneously Same triangular carrier is constituted with mutually stacking.
Wherein, it is defined as follows with mutually stacking triangular carrier for first group:
In formula (5), Vcarr1First group is represented with the upper triangular carrier that triangular carrier is mutually laminated, Vcarr2Represent first group it is same The lower triangular carrier of triangular carrier, f is mutually laminatedcRepresent carrier frequency, tcCorresponding time factor, tcCalculation method such as formula (6):
tc=t-N/fc (6)
In formula (6), t represents elapsed time after modulation starting, and N represents t to the integral multiple of the triangular carrier cycle.
Second group is defined as follows with mutually stacking triangular carrier:
In formula (7), Vcarr3Second group is represented with the upper triangular carrier that triangular carrier is mutually laminated, Vcarr4Represent second group it is same The lower triangular carrier of triangular carrier, f is mutually laminatedcRepresent carrier frequency, tcCorresponding time factor.
5, judge two groups of corresponding directions of triangular carrier
The present invention judge at 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree two groups with phase layer The folded corresponding direction of triangular carrier.
Define Vcarr_up1Represent the upper triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of ascent direction, Vcarr_up2It represents and rises The lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier in direction, Vcarr_dn1Represent the upper of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction Triangular carrier, Vcarr_dn2The lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction is represented, two groups carry with mutually stacking triangle The specific judgment method in the direction of wave is as follows:
In formula (8), tcCorresponding time factor, fcRepresent carrier frequency.
6, practical relatively triangular carrier is determined
The present invention passes through first sampling after 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree One group that not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers is selected to compare triangular carrier to be practical at point.Practical ratio Compared with the specific selection rule of triangular carrier are as follows:
1) the same phase of descent direction is selected at first sampled point after 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle It is practical relatively triangular carrier that triangular carrier, which is laminated,;
2) 60 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle, 180 degree, after 300 degree at first sampled point, select the same phase of ascent direction It is practical relatively triangular carrier that triangular carrier, which is laminated,.
7, carrier wave ratio is determined
Definition C is carrier wave ratio, and the present invention is under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio C is 3 even-multiple integer, relatively based on reality Triangular carrier C/2+1 modulation synchronous compared with realization three-level current transformer with three-phase modulations Bobbi, therefore carrier wave ratio C should meet following formula:
C=fc/ f1=3I (I=1,2,3....) (9)
In formula (9), C represents carrier wave ratio, fcRepresent carrier frequency, f1Frequency of modulated wave is represented, I represents positive integer.
8, pwm signal is obtained compared with three-phase modulations wave using practical relatively triangular carrier
The present invention is based on practical relatively triangular carrier and three-phase modulations Bobbi compared with, obtain the switching signal of each power device, And then realize the synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer.Define the every phase of three-level current transformer four power devices from top to bottom Respectively P1, P2, P3, P4, DC voltage 2E are then practical to compare triangular carrier and the specific comparison rule of three-phase modulations wave It is as follows:
1) when three-phase modulations wave is simultaneously greater than the upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier of practical relatively triangular carrier, control three Level current transformer corresponds to power device P1, P2 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is E;
2) when three-phase modulations wave is less than the upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier of practical comparison triangular carrier, control three simultaneously Level current transformer corresponds to power device P3, P4 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is-E;
3) when three-phase modulations wave is located between the practical upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier for comparing triangular carrier, control Three-level current transformer corresponds to power device P2, P3 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is 0.
Detailed description of the invention
Tri- level ANPC converter topology figure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 three-level current transformer corresponds to SVPWM space vector distribution map;
Fig. 3 a, vector sequence variation diagram in mono- sampling period of Fig. 3 b, in which: Fig. 3 a corresponds to the starting arrow of p-type small vector Sequence is measured, Fig. 3 b corresponds to the starting vector sequence of N-type small vector;
The corresponding vector sequence figure of Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b tradition three-level SPWM, in which: Fig. 4 a corresponds to each region and is all made of N type The starting vector sequence of small vector, Fig. 4 b correspond to each region and are all made of the starting vector sequence of p-type small vector;
The corresponding vector sequence figure of Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b modulator approach of the present invention;
Each 60 degree of regional choices different directions triangular carrier of Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b is as practical relatively carrier wave, in which: Fig. 6 a couple Carrier wave should actually be compared not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage, and the corresponding practical relatively carrier wave of Fig. 6 b leads to two level of phase voltage Jump;
Fig. 7 carrier wave ratio is 12, modulator approach of the present invention switch state situation of change within a primitive period;
The specific implementation flow chart of three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under the even-multiple carrier wave ratio of Fig. 8 present invention 3;
Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b are fundamental frequency 22Hz in embodiment, and carrier wave ratio, which is that 30 lower modulator approach effects of the present invention are lower, to be synchronized 16 corresponding A phase modulating waves, practical relatively triangular carrier and A phase phase voltage, in which: it is correct that Fig. 9 a corresponds to each 60 degree of regions The practical relatively triangular carrier of selection, Fig. 9 b correspond to the practical relatively triangular carrier of each 60 degree of zone errors selection;
Figure 10 is fundamental frequency 22Hz in embodiment, synchronous 16 corresponding three-phase electricities under the lower the method for the present invention of carrier wave ratio 30 Pressure;
Figure 11 is fundamental frequency 26Hz in embodiment, synchronous 13 corresponding three-phase electricities under the lower the method for the present invention of carrier wave ratio 24 Pressure;
Figure 12 is fundamental frequency 32Hz in embodiment, synchronous 10 corresponding three-phase electricities under the lower the method for the present invention of carrier wave ratio 18 Pressure;
Figure 13 is fundamental frequency 50Hz in embodiment, synchronous 7 corresponding three-phase electricities under the lower the method for the present invention of carrier wave ratio 12 Pressure;
Figure 14 is fundamental frequency 70Hz in embodiment, synchronous 4 corresponding three-phase electricities under the lower the method for the present invention of carrier wave ratio 6 Pressure;
Figure 15 is each carrier wave ratio section switching frequency schematic diagram under Frequency in embodiment;
Figure 16 is the A phase phase voltage and three-phase electricity of synchronous 16 times to 13 times switchings under Frequency the method for the present invention in embodiment Stream;
Figure 17 is the A phase phase voltage and three-phase electricity of synchronous 13 times to 10 times switchings under Frequency the method for the present invention in embodiment Stream;
Figure 18 is the A phase phase voltage and three-phase electricity of synchronous 10 times to 7 times switchings under Frequency the method for the present invention in embodiment Stream;
Figure 19 is the A phase phase voltage and three-phase electricity of synchronous 7 times to 4 times switchings under Frequency the method for the present invention in embodiment Stream.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Define zero-sequence component U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2, the present invention 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio under three-level current transformer Synchronous modulation method on three-phase sine-wave by being superimposed zero-sequence component U0Obtain three-phase modulations wave;Two groups of phase phases are generated simultaneously Triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase of poor 180 degree;After 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree One group that not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers is selected to carry at one sampled point for practical relatively triangle Wave;Definition C is carrier wave ratio, under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio C is 3 even-multiple integer, based on practical relatively triangular carrier with The synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer is realized in the comparison of three-phase modulations wave.
Three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method is specifically such as under the 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio realized the present invention is based on carrier wave Under:
1, three-phase sine-wave expression formula is determined
The present invention is based on practical relatively triangular carriers, and the synchronous C/2+1 of three-level current transformer is realized compared with three-phase modulations wave Secondary modulation.To realize modulation, the expression formula of three-phase modulations wave need to be determined first.Three-phase modulations wave is by three-phase sine-wave superposition zero Order components obtain, and to obtain three-phase modulations wave, first have to the expression formula for determining three-phase sine-wave.
2, zero-sequence component is calculated
Modulator approach of the present invention obtains three-phase modulations wave by being superimposed zero-sequence component on three-phase sine-wave, is determining three-phase Zero-sequence component is further calculated on the basis of sine wave expression formula.Define zero-sequence component U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2, wherein Umax、UminRespectively represent three-phase sine-wave Ua、UbAnd UcMaximum value and minimum value after the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1. It is as follows to the derivation process of zero-sequence component:
It is assumed that A.5 reference voltage is located at the region in Fig. 2, then the three-phase level state within a sampling period changes such as Shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, wherein Fig. 3 a corresponds to the starting vector sequence of p-type small vector, and Fig. 3 b corresponds to the starting arrow of N-type small vector Measure sequence.When starting small vector is p-type small vector within a sampling period, vector sequence is specially POO-PON-PNN- ONN.The definition sampling period is Ts, and the action time of POO, PON, PNN, ONN within a sampling period is respectively kT1, T2, T3 (1-k) T1, then it can be obtained by the area principle of equal effects:
In formula (10), k is the redundancy small vector action time factor, Uma、UmbAnd UmcFor three-phase modulations wave.
The sampled value of three-phase modulations wave remains unchanged within a sampling period, then by Fig. 3 a it is further known that:
Formula (10) and formula (11) are substituted into formula (4), and enable k=0.5, formula (12) can be obtained:
In formula (12), Ua、UbAnd UcFor three-phase sine-wave.Formula (12) are substituted into formula (4), U can be obtained0Expression formula, such as formula (13):
Defining 0 degree to 60 degree sector of phase angle in figure two is region F, and 60 degree to 120 degree sectors are region A, 120 degree It is region B to 180 degree sector, 180 degree to 240 degree of sectors is region C, and 240 degree to 300 degree sectors are region D, 300 degree to 360 degree sectors are region E, and each 60 degree of sector inner regions 5 and 6 corresponding zero of Fig. 2 can be obtained using same principle Order components expression formula is summarized in formula (14):
Remaining corresponding zero-sequence component expression formula of 60 degree of sector inner regions 1 and 2 of Fig. 2 can be obtained in same principle, is summarized in formula (15)。
Remaining corresponding zero-sequence component expression formula of 60 degree of sector inner regions 3 and 4 of Fig. 2 can be obtained in same principle, is summarized in formula (16)。
Define Umax、UminRespectively represent three-phase sine-wave Ua、UbAnd UcAfter the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 most Big value and minimum value, then can be by formula (14), formula (15), the unified abbreviation of formula (16) are as follows:
U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2 (17)
Formula (17) is zero-sequence component expression formula unified in each region.
3, three-phase modulations wave expression formula is determined
Modulator approach of the present invention obtains three-phase modulations wave by being superimposed zero-sequence component on three-phase sine-wave, is determining three-phase On the basis of sine wave expression formula and each region zero-sequence component expression formula, the expression formula of three-phase modulations wave can be obtained, such as formula (18)。
In formula (18), Uma、UmbAnd UmcFor three-phase modulations wave, Ua、UbAnd UcFor three-phase sine-wave, U0For zero-sequence component, m Represent the amplitude of sine wave, f1The frequency of sine wave is represented, t represents elapsed time after modulation starting, UmaxRepresent three-phase just String wave Ua、UbAnd UcMaximum value after the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1, UminRepresent Ua、UbAnd UcThe duration that is positive is constant, The duration that is negative add 1 after minimum value.
4, triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase for generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees
It is same compared with realization three-level current transformer with three-phase modulations Bobbi that modulator approach of the present invention is based on practical relatively triangular carrier C/2+1 modulation of step.On the basis of obtaining three-phase modulations wave expression formula, the expression for determining practical relatively triangular carrier is also needed Formula.
Three level synchronization SPWM of tradition are only compared using three-phase modulations wave with one group of triangular carrier with mutually stacking, i.e., Corresponding triangular carrier direction is identical at each 60 degree of regions, first sampled point in Fig. 2.By Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b it is found that three-phase tune The starting vector sequence of p-type small vector can be obtained in wave processed compared with the triangular carrier of ascent direction, carries with the triangle of descent direction Bobbi is compared with can be obtained the starting vector sequence of N-type small vector, thus under the effect of traditional three-level SPWM, each 60 degree of regions It is starting that vector sequence is all made of same type of small vector, is such as all made of that N-type small vector is starting or to be all made of p-type small vector first Hair, corresponding vector sequence difference is as shown in figures 4 a and 4b.It is mutually electric under the action of the vector sequence shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b Corrugating can only meet synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry under 3 odd-multiple carrier wave ratio.
To realize synchronous modulation under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, different types of small arrow should be respectively adopted in each 60 degree of regions Measure starting, corresponding vector sequence is as shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b.
To obtain vector sequence shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b based on carrier wave, modulator approach of the present invention need to be in adjacent 60 degree of regions Use the same phase of different directions that triangular carrier is laminated as practical relatively triangular carrier.Therefore it carves at the beginning while generating two groups Triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase of phase phase difference 180 degree, is then judged and is selected in corresponding region.
5, practical relatively triangular carrier is determined
On the basis of triangular carrier is laminated in the same phase for generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees, wherein one group of work is therefrom selected For practical relatively triangular carrier.Selection principle is that used triangular carrier not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage, i.e., does not go out The case where existing phase voltage becomes-E from E.
Adjacent 60 degree of regions use the triangular carrier of different directions, and there are two types of situations about corresponding to.It is assumed that frequency of modulated wave For 50Hz, triangular carrier frequency is 600Hz, and carrier wave ratio 12, two kinds of situations difference are as shown in figures 6 a and 6b.Such as Fig. 6 a institute Show, 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree in modulating wave phase angle selects the same phase of descent direction that triangular carrier is laminated as practical relatively triangle Carrier wave selects the same phase of ascent direction that triangular carrier is laminated as practical comparison in 60 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 180 degree, 300 degree Triangular carrier not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage;As shown in Figure 6 b, then 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 120 degree, Triangular carrier is laminated as practical comparison triangular carrier in 240 degree of same phases for selecting ascent direction, in 60 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 180 Triangular carrier is laminated as practical comparison triangular carrier in degree, 300 degree same phases for select descent direction, will lead to two level of phase voltage Jump.
Define Vcarr_up1Represent the upper triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of ascent direction, Vcarr_up2It represents and rises The lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier in direction, Vcarr_dn1Represent the upper of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction Triangular carrier, Vcarr_dn2Represent the lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction.Comparison diagram 6a and Fig. 6 b, can Obtain the specific selection rule of practical comparison triangular carrier:
1) the same phase of descent direction is selected at first sampled point after 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle It is practical relatively triangular carrier, i.e. V that triangular carrier, which is laminated,carr_dn1And Vcarr_dn2For practical relatively triangular carrier;
2) 60 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle, 180 degree, after 300 degree at first sampled point, select the same phase of ascent direction It is practical relatively triangular carrier, i.e. V that triangular carrier, which is laminated,carr_up1And Vcarr_up2For practical relatively triangular carrier.
For after 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree at first sampled point it is correct The triangular carrier for selecting respective direction, avoids two level jump of phase voltage, need to 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, determine V at 300 degreecarr_up1And Vcarr_up2、Vcarr_dn1And Vcarr_dn2Corresponding value.Vcarr_up1With Vcarr_up2、Vcarr_dn1And Vcarr_dn2Determination method it is as follows:
In formula (19), Vcarr1And Vcarr2First group is represented with mutually stacking triangular carrier, Vcarr3And Vcarr4Represent second group it is same Mutually stacking triangular carrier, fcRepresent carrier frequency, tcCorresponding time factor, N represent t to the integral multiple of the triangular carrier cycle, Vcarr_up1Represent the upper triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of ascent direction, Vcarr_up2Represent the same phase layer of ascent direction The lower triangular carrier of folded triangular carrier, Vcarr_dn1The upper triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction is represented, Vcarr_dn2Represent the lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of descent direction.
By above-mentioned steps, it may be determined that actually compare triangular carrier used in modulator approach of the present invention.
6, carrier wave ratio and the corresponding sync section of each carrier wave ratio section are determined
Definition C is carrier wave ratio, and modulator approach of the present invention can make three-phase phase voltage waveform meet when C is 3 even-multiple Synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry, therefore the even-multiple integer that carrier frequency is 3 divided by frequency of modulated wave should be kept, i.e. C's Value should be 30,24,18,12,6.On the basis of clear carrier wave ratio C, the corresponding synchronization of different carrier wave ratio sections is further analyzed Modem section.
By taking carrier wave ratio C is 12 as an example, the switching frequency under modulator approach effect of the present invention is analyzed, as shown in Figure 7.By scheming 7 it is found that it is 7 that switching waveform, which meets switch wave head number in half-wave symmetry and half primitive period, when carrier wave ratio C value is 12, Corresponding each power device respectively switch 7 times, for synchronous 7 sections of modulation.
It is corresponding synchronous modulation section under 30,24,18,6 that same principle, which analyzes carrier wave ratio C, be respectively synchronous 16,13, 10,4 sections of modulation, then it can be gathered that the corresponding relationship of carrier wave ratio and sync section:
S=C/2+1 (20)
In formula (20), S represents sync section, and C represents carrier wave ratio.C value is carrier frequency divided by frequency of modulated wave, then further Know corresponding switching frequency under different carrier wave ratios:
fswitch=fc/2+f1 (21)
In formula (21), fswitchFor the switching frequency of each power device, fcRepresent carrier frequency, f1Corresponding fundamental frequency.
7, pwm signal is relatively obtained using practical relatively triangular carrier and three-phase modulations Bobbi, realizes synchronous modulation in determination Three-phase modulations wave, practical relatively triangular carrier and carrier wave when on the basis of corresponding sync section, utilize three-phase modulations wave and reality Compare the pwm signal that triangular carrier relatively obtains each power device, to realize under being 30,24,18,12,6 in carrier wave ratio same 16,13,10,7,4 modulation of step, the synchronous modulation of three-level current transformer under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio is realized based on carrier wave.
The implementing procedure of three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method is as shown in Figure 8 under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio.
Complicated and existing synchronous SPWM is calculated the present invention overcomes synchronous SVPWM not being suitable under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio The shortcomings that, the same phase by generating two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees simultaneously is laminated triangular carrier, and 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, Select the triangular carrier of descent direction for practical relatively triangular carrier after 120 degree, 240 degree at first sampled point, in modulating wave 60 degree of phase angle, 180 degree, select the triangular carrier of ascent direction to carry for practical relatively triangle at first sampled point after 300 degree Wave obtains pwm signal, even-multiple carrier wave of the control output phase voltage waveform 3 using practical triangular carrier compared with modulating wave Synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry than lower satisfaction.The present invention has widened the applicable synchronous modulation Duan Fan of conventional synchronization SPWM It encloses, and it is calculated simply, it is convenient to realize, more conducively engineer application.
Illustrate implementation result of the invention below with reference to embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention builds three-level inverter model by PSIM software, proposed by the present invention using simulating, verifying The validity of three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under the 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio realized based on carrier wave.Simulated conditions are such as Under: simulation step length 1us, DC voltage 200V, inversion output are 5 Ω resistance series connection 10mH inductance, and modulation ratio is fixed as 0.8.
The validity of synchronous modulation under the even-multiple carrier wave ratio of difference 3 is verified first in the case where determining fundamental frequency.
Fixed fundamental frequency f1=22Hz, carrier wave ratio 30, i.e. carrier frequency are fixed as 660Hz, corresponding synchronous 16 tune System.Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b be synchronous 16 corresponding A phase modulating waves under the method for the present invention in embodiment, practical relatively triangular carrier and A phase phase voltage, in which: Fig. 9 a corresponds to each 60 degree of regions and practical relatively triangular carrier, Fig. 9 b is correctly selected to correspond to each 60 degree of areas The practical relatively triangular carrier of domain wrong choice.By Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, it is found that the present invention is according to modulating wave, the triangle compared with practical is carried The comparison result of wave directly controls the switch state of each power device, and principle is simple, it is convenient to realize.To avoid the occurrence of phase voltage Two level jumps, the present invention need to select descent direction after 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree of modulating wave phase angle at first sampled point Triangular carrier as practical relatively triangular carrier, first sampled point after 60 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 180 degree, 300 degree Place selects the triangular carrier of ascent direction as practical relatively triangular carrier.Figure 10 is synchronous under the method for the present invention in embodiment 16 corresponding three-phase voltages.As shown in Figure 10, under carrier wave ratio 30, using three-phase modulations wave compared with practical triangular carrier Compare, can simply and easily realize synchronous 16 modulation, three-phase phase voltage waveform meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave pair Claim.
Fixed fundamental frequency f1=26Hz, carrier wave ratio 24, i.e. carrier frequency are fixed as 624Hz, corresponding synchronous 13 tune System.Figure 11 is to synchronize 13 corresponding three-phase voltages in embodiment under the method for the present invention.As shown in Figure 11, under carrier wave ratio 24, Using three-phase modulations wave, triangular carrier compares compared with practical, can simply and easily realize synchronous 13 modulation, and three-phase is mutually electric Corrugating meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.
Fixed fundamental frequency f1=32Hz, carrier wave ratio 18, i.e. carrier frequency are fixed as 576Hz, corresponding synchronous 10 tune System.Figure 12 is to synchronize 10 corresponding three-phase voltages in embodiment under the method for the present invention.As shown in Figure 12, under carrier wave ratio 18, Using three-phase modulations wave, triangular carrier compares compared with practical, can simply and easily realize synchronous 10 modulation, and three-phase is mutually electric Corrugating meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.
Fixed fundamental frequency f1=50Hz, carrier wave ratio 12, i.e. carrier frequency are fixed as 600Hz, corresponding synchronous 7 tune System.Figure 13 is to synchronize 7 corresponding three-phase voltages in embodiment under the method for the present invention.As shown in Figure 13, under carrier wave ratio 12, Using three-phase modulations wave, triangular carrier compares compared with practical, can simply and easily realize synchronous 7 modulation, three-phase phase voltage Waveform meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.
Fixed fundamental frequency f1=70Hz, carrier wave ratio 6, i.e. carrier frequency are fixed as 420Hz, corresponding synchronous 4 modulation. Figure 14 is to synchronize 4 corresponding three-phase voltages in embodiment under the method for the present invention.As shown in Figure 14, it under carrier wave ratio 6, utilizes Three-phase modulations wave triangular carrier compared with practical compares, and can simply and easily realize synchronous 4 modulation, three-phase phase voltage waveform Meet synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.
As shown in Fig. 9 a~Figure 14, the result of embodiment demonstrates that the present invention is based on 3 that carrier wave is realized in the case where determining frequency The validity of three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under even-multiple carrier wave ratio.In the case where determining frequency, modulator approach of the present invention can be with Synchronous modulation is realized under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, so that three-phase phase voltage waveform meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave pair Claim.
The validity of synchronous modulation under even-multiple carrier wave ratio to verify difference 3 under Frequency, design carrier wave ratio switching For asynchronous -16-13-10-7-4, each carrier wave ratio section switching frequency is designed under the premise of switching frequency is no more than 420Hz as schemed 15.Fixed modulation ratio is 0.8, and frequency increase 6Hz per second, simulation result is as shown in Figure 16~Figure 19.
Figure 16 is the A phase phase voltage and three-phase electricity of synchronous 16 times to 13 times switchings under Frequency the method for the present invention in embodiment Stream, Figure 17 are the A phase phase voltage and three-phase current of synchronous 13 times to 10 times switchings, and Figure 18 is the A of synchronous 10 times to 7 times switchings Phase phase voltage and three-phase current, Figure 19 are the A phase phase voltage and three-phase current of synchronous 7 times to 4 times switchings.Figure 16~Figure 19's Embodiment result demonstrates three-level current transformer under the 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio realized the present invention is based on carrier wave under Frequency The validity of synchronous modulation method.Under Frequency, modulator approach of the present invention can be realized together under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio Step system, so that three-phase phase voltage waveform meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry, and electric current when the switching of each sync section It impacts smaller.
As shown in Fig. 9 a~Figure 19, the present invention is based on the 3 even-multiple carrier waves that carrier wave is realized for the result verification of embodiment Than the validity of lower three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method.When carrier wave ratio be 3 even-multiple integer, either Frequency or Determine frequency, triangular carrier compares realization synchronous modulation to modulator approach of the present invention compared with practical using three-phase modulations wave, makes It obtains three-phase phase voltage waveform and meets synchronous, three-phase symmetrical and half-wave symmetry.The present invention overcomes synchronous SVPWM calculating complexity Existing synchronous SPWM is not suitable for the disadvantage under 3 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, calculates simple, engineer application of being more convenient for.

Claims (9)

1. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under the even-multiple carrier wave ratio of one kind 3, which is characterized in that the modulation methods are legal Adopted zero-sequence component U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2, zero-sequence component U is superimposed by three-phase sine-wave0Obtain three-phase modulations wave;Simultaneously Generate the same phase stacking triangular carrier of two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees;0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, Selected at first sampled point after 240 degree, 300 degree one group that not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers for Practical relatively triangular carrier;Definition C is carrier wave ratio, under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio C is 3 even-multiple integer, based on practical Compare triangular carrier and realizes the synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer compared with three-phase modulations wave.
2. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 13 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In the modulator approach is superimposed zero-sequence component by three-phase sine-wave and obtains three-phase modulations wave, it may be assumed that
In above formula, Uma、UmbAnd UmcFor three-phase modulations wave, Ua、UbAnd UcFor three-phase sine-wave, U0For zero-sequence component.
3. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 23 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In the three-phase sine-wave is defined as follows:
In above formula, Ua、UbAnd UcFor three-phase sine-wave, m represents the amplitude of sine wave, f1The frequency of sine wave is represented, t represents modulation Elapsed time after starting.
4. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 23 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In the zero-sequence component is defined as follows:
U0=(1- (Umin+Umax))/2
In above formula, U0For zero-sequence component, UmaxRepresent three-phase sine-wave Ua、UbAnd UcAfter the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 Maximum value, UminRepresent three-phase sine-wave Ua、UbAnd UcMinimum value after the duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1;Umax、Umin's Judgment mode is as follows:
To Umax、UminIn judgment mode, Ua' represent A phase sine wave UaThe duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 treated value, Ub' represent B phase sine wave UbThe duration that is positive is constant, the duration that is negative adds 1 treated value, Uc' represent C phase sine wave UcFor timing It is worth the constant, duration that is negative and adds 1 treated value.
5. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 13 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In two amplitudes, the identical triangle of frequency above and below same phase stacking each freedom of triangular carrier of two groups of phase phase difference 180 degrees Carrier wave is constituted with mutually stacking;Wherein,
First group is defined as follows with mutually stacking triangular carrier:
In above formula, Vcarr1First group is represented with the upper triangular carrier that triangular carrier is mutually laminated, Vcarr2First group is represented with mutually stacking The lower triangular carrier of triangular carrier, fcCarrier frequency is represented, tc corresponds to time factor;Time factor tcCalculation method it is as follows:
tc=t-N/fc
In above formula, t represents elapsed time after modulation starting, and N represents t to the integral multiple of the triangular carrier cycle;
Second group is defined as follows with mutually stacking triangular carrier:
In above formula, Vcarr3Second group is represented with the upper triangular carrier that triangular carrier is mutually laminated, Vcarr4Second group is represented with mutually stacking The lower triangular carrier of triangular carrier, fcRepresent carrier frequency, tcCorresponding time factor.
6. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 13 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist Pass through first sampling after 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree in, the modulator approach One group that not will lead to two level jump of phase voltage in two groups of triangular carriers is selected to compare triangular carrier to be practical at point;Practical ratio Compared with the specific selection rule of triangular carrier are as follows:
1) the same phase of descent direction is selected to be laminated at first sampled point after 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle Triangular carrier is practical relatively triangular carrier;
2) 60 degree of corresponding modulating wave phase angle, 180 degree, after 300 degree at first sampled point, the same phase of ascent direction is selected to be laminated Triangular carrier is practical relatively triangular carrier.
7. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 63 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In, the modulator approach judge at 0 degree of modulating wave phase angle, 60 degree, 120 degree, 180 degree, 240 degree, 300 degree two groups with phase layer The folded corresponding direction of triangular carrier;Define Vcarr_up1The upper triangle for representing the same phase stacking triangular carrier of ascent direction carries Wave, Vcarr_up2Represent the lower triangular carrier of the same phase stacking triangular carrier of ascent direction, Vcarr_dn1Represent the same phase of descent direction The upper triangular carrier of triangular carrier, V is laminatedcarr_dn2Represent descent direction same phase stacking triangular carrier lower triangular carrier, two Group is as follows with the specific judgment method in direction of mutually stacking triangular carrier:
In above formula, tcCorresponding time factor, fcRepresent carrier frequency.
8. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 13 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio is 3 even-multiple integer, the modulator approach is based on practical relatively triangular carrier and three-phase The synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer is realized in the comparison of modulating wave;Definition C is carrier wave ratio, then has:
C=fc/ f1=3I (I=1,2,3....)
In above formula, C represents carrier wave ratio, fcRepresent carrier frequency, f1Frequency of modulated wave is represented, I represents positive integer.
9. three-level current transformer synchronous modulation method under according to claim 83 even-multiple carrier wave ratio, feature exist In under the premise of guaranteeing carrier wave ratio is 3 even-multiple integer, the modulator approach is based on practical relatively triangular carrier and three-phase The synchronous C/2+1 modulation of three-level current transformer is realized in the comparison of modulating wave;Define the every phase of three-level current transformer four from top to bottom Power device is respectively P1, P2, P3, P4, DC voltage 2E, then practical relatively triangular carrier and three-phase modulations wave is specific Comparison rule is as follows:
1) when three-phase modulations wave is simultaneously greater than the upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier of practical relatively triangular carrier, three level of control Current transformer corresponds to power device P1, P2 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is E;
2) when three-phase modulations wave is less than the upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier of practical comparison triangular carrier, three level of control simultaneously Current transformer corresponds to power device P3, P4 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is-E;
3) when three-phase modulations wave is located between the practical upper triangular carrier and lower triangular carrier for comparing triangular carrier, three electricity of control Flat current transformer corresponds to power device P2, P3 conducting of phase, and output phase voltage is 0.
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CN111064377A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-24 中国科学院电工研究所 Synchronous carrier DPWM method for avoiding two-level jump of phase voltage of three-level inverter
CN112994481A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-18 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 Three-level NPC type converter and control method thereof
CN113271027A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-08-17 希望森兰科技股份有限公司 Diode-clamped high-performance synchronous overmodulation algorithm for three-level inverter
CN113765424A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-07 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 Three-level inverter synchronous carrier modulation method and device
CN114257114A (en) * 2021-12-11 2022-03-29 中科华士电气科技南京有限公司 Three-level converter control method and system based on carrier phase shift modulation

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CN109802586A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-05-24 中国科学院电工研究所 Three-level current transformer synchronizes 3 times of SVPWM carrier wave implementation methods for several times

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CN109217646A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-15 中国科学院电工研究所 It is a kind of based on carrier wave compare realization without even-order harmonic SVPWM control method
CN109802586A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-05-24 中国科学院电工研究所 Three-level current transformer synchronizes 3 times of SVPWM carrier wave implementation methods for several times

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CN111064377A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-24 中国科学院电工研究所 Synchronous carrier DPWM method for avoiding two-level jump of phase voltage of three-level inverter
CN111064377B (en) * 2019-11-28 2021-05-11 中国科学院电工研究所 Synchronous carrier DPWM method for avoiding two-level jump of phase voltage of three-level inverter
CN112994481A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-18 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 Three-level NPC type converter and control method thereof
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