CN110416991A - A kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid and its hierarchical control method - Google Patents
A kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid and its hierarchical control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110416991A CN110416991A CN201910742767.4A CN201910742767A CN110416991A CN 110416991 A CN110416991 A CN 110416991A CN 201910742767 A CN201910742767 A CN 201910742767A CN 110416991 A CN110416991 A CN 110416991A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grids, DC bus, controllable module, uncontrollable module and bulk power grid including multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor；Controllable module includes one or more controlled distribution formula power supplys, batteries to store energy, DC load and AC load, wherein, each controlled distribution formula power supply is incorporated to DC bus by a distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus, batteries to store energy accesses DC bus by energy storage grid-connecting apparatus, DC load is directly connected with DC bus, and AC load is connected by AC load grid-connecting apparatus with DC bus；The present invention controls the busbar voltage that control target is reduced to direct-current grid, convenient for the selection of control mode；Micro-capacitance sensor module is handled simultaneously, " assembling micro-capacitance sensor " is changed by previous " design micro-capacitance sensor ", direct-current grid is divided into multiple controllable modules and uncontrollable module, convenient for saving the construction cost of micro-capacitance sensor, occupied area is reduced, subsequent micro-capacitance sensor extension construction is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
It is flexible more particularly, to a kind of modularization multiterminal the invention belongs to micro-capacitance sensor moduleization design and operation control field
Direct-current grid networking and its hierarchical control method.
Background technique
Micro-capacitance sensor refers to collected as distributed generation resource, energy conversion device, load, monitoring and protective device etc. made of it is small
Type is transported to electric system, is the autonomous system that can be realized self-contr ol and management.Micro-capacitance sensor is due to itself having well
Energy management functionality can effectively maintain optimization distribution and balance of the energy in micro-capacitance sensor, guarantee the operation warp of micro-capacitance sensor
Ji property；Micro-capacitance sensor can also play load peak load shifting to power grid by the coordinated control of distributed power source output power in netting
Effect, realize the definite value of Power Exchange amount between micro-capacitance sensor and external power distribution network or determine scope control, reduce since distribution can
Influence of the fluctuation of renewable source of energy generation power to external power distribution network and periphery user, is effectively reduced the operation of system operations staff
Dispatch difficulty.Micro-capacitance sensor generally has that efficiency of energy utilization is high, energy supply high reliablity, pollutant emission is few, performance driving economy is good
The advantages that.
But document " a kind of design and research of novel modularized micro-capacitance sensor " is pointed out: the development of micro-capacitance sensor, from policy layer
Face is supported, but in addition to a small amount of demonstration project, the construction of micro-capacitance sensor project is not fully under way, the main reason is that China is public
Common-battery net after decades of development, power supply reliability and better economy；And structure is complicated, control mode for existing micro-capacitance sensor
Switching is inconvenient, is not easy to subsequent expansion construction, and the one-time investment of project is big, and output is slow, and technology is relative complex, therefore
The motive force of its domestic demand built and economic level is insufficient.Therefore, it is necessary to study a kind of new direct-current grid networking
Structure.
The patent application of Publication No. CN103219726A discloses a kind of microgrid topology structure based on energy storage, including
The ac bus being connect with main power grid；Multiple generator units and multiple load units are connected on ac bus；Generator unit includes
Distributed generation resource, microgrid current transformer, energy accumulator, grid-connected converter and cell controller.The invention microgrid topology structure
The hinge that energy storage device is converted as microgrid energy, different distributions formula power supply, which is generated electricity, to be first stored in energy storage device,
It is concentrated by energy storage device to ac bus and is exported again, reduce and become owner of the quantity of the distributed generation resource of power grid, and effectively
It eliminates distributed generation resource output voltage in existing microgrid structure and fluctuates the impact caused by main power grid, improve micro-grid system
Stability；The invention simultaneously can intelligently adjust the work shape of each microgrid generator unit according to different load power demands
State controls the storage and output of electric energy, is convenient for intelligent management, with improving micro-grid system controllability.However, the invention Shen
Please do not carry out module classification according to whether controllable pair distributed generation resource, be unfavorable for reducining the construction costs, reduce occupied area and after
Continuous extension construction.
The patent application of Publication No. CN103236713A discloses a kind of micro-grid and its control method and micro- electricity
Net bidirectional converter, micro-capacitance sensor bidirectional converter include battery group, inverter module, DSP control system, the first electricity
Sense, capacitor, the second inductance, the first interconnection switch and the second interconnection switch, the direct current input of the micro-capacitance sensor bidirectional converter
Energy storage battery group is terminated, the exchange output of inverter module passes through the first inductance and capacitor filtering, on the one hand passes through the first contact
Switch connects local load, is on the other hand connected on micro-capacitance sensor by the second inductance and the second interconnection switch.Using the invention one
Aspect realizes the controllable flow of active power and reactive power in micro-capacitance sensor, and the configuration of optimization energy-storage system improves energy storage battery
Group service life and each region self-energy reasonable distribution of micro-capacitance sensor；On the other hand make full use of existing power converter device and
Technology realizes modularization networking, distributed access, and dilatation is simple, conducive to the popularization and application of micro-capacitance sensor technology.However, the invention
Still do not carry out module classification according to whether controllable pair distributed generation resource, be unfavorable for reducining the construction costs, reduce occupied area and
Subsequent extension construction.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct currents
Micro-grid and its hierarchical control method, on the one hand, control the busbar voltage that control target is reduced to direct-current grid, just
In the selection of control mode；On the other hand, micro-capacitance sensor module is handled, " assembling is changed by previous " design micro-capacitance sensor "
Direct-current grid is divided into multiple controllable modules and uncontrollable module, is convenient for by micro-capacitance sensor " with the principle of nearest division module
The construction cost of micro-capacitance sensor is saved, occupied area is reduced, facilitates subsequent micro-capacitance sensor extension construction.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, DC bus, mode-controller including multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor
Block, uncontrollable module and bulk power grid；
The controllable module includes one or more controlled distribution formula power supplys, batteries to store energy, DC load and AC load,
In, each controlled distribution formula power supply is incorporated to DC bus by a distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus, and batteries to store energy passes through storage
Energy grid-connecting apparatus accesses DC bus, and DC load is directly connected with DC bus, and AC load passes through the grid-connected dress of AC load
It sets and is connected with DC bus；
The uncontrollable module includes one or more uncontrollable distributed generation resources, DC load and AC load, wherein each
Uncontrollable distributed generation resource accesses DC bus by a uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus, and DC load is directly and directly
It flows bus to be connected, AC load is connected by AC load grid-connecting apparatus with DC bus；
The bidirectional converter of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor is connected through ac bus with the isolating transformer of bulk power grid.
Further, the controlled distribution formula power supply is diesel-driven generator, uniaxial miniature gas turbine, the wind for being equipped with energy storage
Power plant or the photovoltaic plant for being equipped with energy storage, can be continuously itself load and direct-current grid power supply, and it is exported
Active power, reactive power are adjusted.
Further, the uncontrollable distributed generation resource is the wind park of MPPT control or the photovoltaic plant of MPPT control；
The instruction that the central controller of the bidirectional converter internal receipt multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor issues, judges that direct current is micro-
The method of operation and control mode of power grid control the interaction of direct-current grid and bulk power grid.
Further, the control mode that the energy storage grid-connecting apparatus uses is sagging control；
The uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus is controlled using MPPT or constant frequency/constant-speed control system.
Further, the operational mode of the modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid includes the following three types: grid-connected
The isolated island mould under bulk power grid and controllable module coordinated control mode, controllable module independent control mode and island state under state
Formula.
Further, the bulk power grid and controllable module coordinated control mode are applied to grid connection state, bulk power grid and direct current
The busbar voltage of the controllable part co- controlling direct-current grid of micro-capacitance sensor balances；Bidirectional converter receives top central controller
The signal of sending, when all normal operations of bulk power grid, bidirectional converter receives signal, selects sagging control, and micro-capacitance sensor can be with
When issuing power greater than demand power, power is conveyed to bulk power grid；When issuing power less than demand power, to bulk power grid
Power purchase, that is, realize the transmitted in both directions of power, and the voltage that bulk power grid participates in bus is adjusted；When busbar voltage rises, battery storage
Power can be absorbed, uniaxial miniature gas turbine movement reduces power output, uniaxial miniature if batteries to store energy SOC reaches the upper limit at this time
It is zero that gas turbine, which issues power, and when busbar voltage still increases, the sagging control of bidirectional converter absorbs extra power；Work as mother
When line voltage declines, batteries to store energy electric discharge, the power that uniaxial miniature gas turbine issues increases, the sagging control of bidirectional converter
It after stablizing busbar voltage, no longer powers to direct-current grid, guarantees maximum resource utilization in direct-current grid, reduce to big
The dependence of power grid reduces direct-current grid operating cost.
Further, the controllable module independent control mode is applied under grid connection state, and bulk power grid is to direct-current grid
There are requirements, are not involved in direct-current grid varying DC link voltage；Bidirectional converter receives the signal that top central controller issues,
According to the reference value Pref and Qref for requiring input PQ control, bulk power grid at this time is equivalent to uncontrollable module；Work as busbar voltage
When raising, batteries to store energy absorbs power, and uniaxial miniature gas turbine reduces power output, if uniaxial miniature gas turbine output at this time
Power is zero and batteries to store energy SOC reaches the upper limit, and the distributed motor in uncontrollable module is by abandonment or abandons light；When bus electricity
When drops, batteries to store energy issues power, and uniaxial miniature gas turbine increases power output, if batteries to store energy SOC reaches at this time
Lower limit and uniaxial miniature gas turbine reaches the power output upper limit, three stage loads in uncontrollable module will be cut off.
Under grid connection state, bulk power grid and the switching of controllable module coordinated control mode and controllable module independent control mode are
The instruction of bidirectional converter control mode is issued by central controller.When bidirectional converter control mode is sagging control, control
Molding formula is bulk power grid and controllable module coordinated control mode, when bidirectional converter control mode is that PQ is controlled, control model
For controllable module independent control mode.
Further, the island mode is under the state normal operation that networks, if failure or electric energy occurs in bulk power grid
When quality is unsatisfactory for requiring, direct-current grid receives central controller MGCC instruction, and bulk power grid and direct-current grid disconnect, double
Buffer action is played to current transformer.Direct-current grid is made of controllable module and uncontrollable module at this time, since controllable module is only
Direct-current grid when vertical operational mode is also made of above two parts, therefore the control strategy of both modes is identical.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of hierarchical control method of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, this point
Coating control method is three coating control methods comprising central control layer, module layer and original part layer, wherein
Central control layer is controlled by the signal of bulk power grid, judges whether bulk power grid requires direct-current grid and the electricity of bulk power grid
Whether energy quality reaches standard, and central control layer issues the control model of signal control bidirectional converter, determines direct-current grid
The method of operation；
Module layer controls the coordinated control in modules, and controllable module must assure that on the basis of meeting internal load power
The fluctuation of external uncontrollable module is given and is responded, guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized, when busbar voltage is beyond voltage rating
± 5%, and judge energy storage beyond limit when, module layer control modules in excision load or excision distributed generator；
Element layer mainly determines the control mode of each device of each inside modules, adjusts the interior of sagging control and Isobarically Control
Portion's control parameter guarantees the speed of voltage stabilization.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Typical micro-grid structure is proposed by CERTS, two kinds of micro- source mode of connection is contained in structure, one kind is all
Micro- source is both connected on same feeder line, and feeder line beginning is connected to microgrid bus again；Another kind is that each micro- source is born with local respectively
Lotus forms compact electrical generating systems, is connected on microgrid bus jointly, is in parallel structure.The micro-capacitance sensor concept and knot that CERTS is proposed
Structure obtained it is both domestic and external recognize extensively, be presently the most popular micro-capacitance sensor structure.In this configuration, micro-grid connection is transported
Load, energy-storage system, distributed generation resource are when row with current source mode parallel running, therefore are converted from grid connection state to island state
The transient state concussion of micro-capacitance sensor busbar voltage is difficult to avoid that (when unplanned isolated island especially occurs) in the process, so as to cause
Load and distributed generation resource off-grid, that is, be difficult to realize the seamless switching of grid-connected/island state in conversion process.Document
《Advantages and circuit configuration of a DC microgrid》、《A benchmark LV
microgrid for steady state and transient analysis》、《An update on Sendai
Demonstration of multiplepower quality supply system " direct-current grid, exchange are proposed respectively
The networking plans such as micro-capacitance sensor, alternating current-direct current mixing micro-capacitance sensor.Above-mentioned micro-capacitance sensor structure has followed the micro-grid of CERTS substantially
Thinking, all there is the controlling difficulties in state conversion process.
The patent of invention " construction method of micro-grid system " of Shimizu Corp and Tokyo University's application proposes
A kind of construction method of micro-grid system, for constructing the network of polymorphic type distributed generation resource unified monitoring, thus to specific
Region supplies electric power, this method comprises: measure the load change of the specific region, thus to the data of the load change into
The step of line frequency is analyzed；Respective frequency response characteristic based on polymorphic type power supply and determine point that each power supply undertakes respectively
Frequency is carried on a shoulder pole, and the frequency analysis result of load change is distributed into each power supply accordingly.This method is depended on to control strategy
Optimization design come realize micro-capacitance sensor state conversion steady and schedulability, therefore to the accuracy of monitoring system and response speed
Degree has very high requirement.The tandem type micro-capacitance sensor that document " a kind of micro-source inverter series connection type microgrid characteristic research " proposes can
Reduce output harmonic wave content, reduce to the influence of power distribution network and load, at the same effectively solve circulation in AC and DC microgrid,
The problems such as harmonic wave, frequency, but the structure not can solve the plug and play and steady schedulable problem of micro-capacitance sensor.Zhejiang
University application patent of invention " a kind of microgrid topology structure based on energy storage " (publication number CN103219726A), energy storage is filled
Set the hinge as microgrid energy conversion, it is intended to reduce the impact for eliminating distributed generation resource output pulsation electric energy to main power grid.
But the patent of invention does not solve the problems, such as micro-grid connection/isolated island double mode seamless switching.It is current for direct-current grid
There are no certain effective Networking Designs, so that structure simplifies, it is convenient that control mode is chosen, save the construction of micro-capacitance sensor at
This, reduces occupied area, facilitates subsequent micro-capacitance sensor extension construction；Moreover, even if those skilled in the art will appreciate the above problem,
Design feature according to existing micro-grid structure be it will not be carried out thoroughly, break conventional design, more will not
In view of by module according to controllable with uncontrollable carry out modularized design, those skilled in the art by the prior art confinement and lack
It is weary to break conventional power, it more will not in depth study new micro-grid.
Structure is complicated, control mode switching is inconvenient, is not easy to subsequent expansion construction for existing micro-capacitance sensor by the present invention
The problem of, a kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid is provided, DC bus including multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor,
Controllable module, uncontrollable module and bulk power grid；The controllable module includes one or more controlled distribution formula power supplys, battery storage
Energy, DC load and AC load, wherein each controlled distribution formula power supply is incorporated to directly by a distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus
Bus is flowed, batteries to store energy accesses DC bus by energy storage grid-connecting apparatus, and DC load is directly connected with DC bus, exchanges
Load is connected by AC load grid-connecting apparatus with DC bus；The uncontrollable module includes one or more uncontrollable distributions
Formula power supply, DC load and AC load, wherein each uncontrollable distributed generation resource passes through a uncontrollable distributed generation resource simultaneously
Net device accesses DC bus, and DC load is directly connected with DC bus, AC load by AC load grid-connecting apparatus and
DC bus is connected；Isolating transformer phase of the bidirectional converter of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor through ac bus with bulk power grid
Even.
Flexible multiterminal element micro-capacitance sensor simplifies structure, builds convenient for the later period compared with Traditional DC micro-capacitance sensor in the present invention
If；Control target is reduced to the busbar voltage control of direct-current grid, convenient for the selection of control mode.By micro-capacitance sensor module
Processing is changed into " assembling micro-capacitance sensor " by previous " design micro-capacitance sensor ", with the principle of nearest division module, by direct-current grid
Multiple controllable modules and uncontrollable module are divided into, convenient for saving the construction cost of micro-capacitance sensor, occupied area is reduced, facilitates subsequent
Micro-capacitance sensor extension construction.
In addition, control of the invention uses hierarchical control method, the control number of plies is three layers, is respectively as follows: central control layer, mould
Block layer and element layer.Central control layer is controlled by the signal of bulk power grid, controls the method for operation of entire power grid, belongs to upper layer control
System；Module layer, which controls the device in modules, to be coordinated, and is guaranteed each module stability, is belonged to middle layer control；Element layer is mainly true
The control method of fixed each each device of inside modules adjusts the internal parameter control of sagging control and Isobarically Control, guarantees
The speed of voltage stabilization.
In addition, controllable part of the invention must assure that module layer internal load and generated output power can be certainly flat
Weighing apparatus, the DC bus-bar voltage to central control layer micro-capacitance sensor does not bring fluctuation.On this basis, in controllable module simulation bulk power grid
Primary regulation and Secondary Control, batteries to store energy and the uniaxial dual guarantee of miniature gas turbine, it is ensured that the state of normal operation
Under, the power swing of uncontrollable part, which can quickly reach, to be stablized and subsequent has enough support nargin.In uncontrollable part
Distributed generator directly adopt MPPT control or constant frequency/fixed speed control, simplify the whole control of distributed generator, will
The entirety of itself and load regards that net load, power swing influence busbar voltage as.
In addition, three kinds of operational modes of the invention cope with various operation conditions, when bulk power grid participates in adjusting, select sagging
Control limitation is contributed by micro-capacitance sensor itself on the basis of meeting balance and stability as far as possible to the power purchase size of bulk power grid, is saved
Operating cost.Bulk power grid is not involved in the two states of adjusting, in the normal situation of bulk power grid power quality, as uncontrollable
Module operation, control mode be it is identical, simplify control mode, excessively complicated control means avoided to cause busbar voltage wave
It is dynamic.Bulk power grid power quality when something goes wrong, Central Control Center issues signal, bidirectional converter excision and the company of bulk power grid
It connects, i.e., micro-capacitance sensor is protected, and the micro-capacitance sensor problem is prevented to be transmitted to bulk power grid.
In addition, distributed generation resource, energy storage device, the load etc. in system are connected to direct current mother in structure by the present invention
On line, DC network passes through electronic power inversion device again and is connected to external communication network, has stronger adaptability；It is running
On by the mode division of operation be grid connection state under bulk power grid and controllable module coordinated control mode, controllable module independent control
Three kinds of island mode under mode and island state；It is used in control simultaneously and includes central control layer, module layer and element layer
Three layers of delamination modularization control method.Multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor is divided into controllably according to the controllability of disparate modules
Module, uncontrollable module, three generic module of bulk power grid, it is determined that the type and controlling party of inside modules distributed generation resource and energy storage
Method.The structure of direct-current grid is that all modules are both connected on DC bus after being simplified with multiterminal flexibility, and control target is to protect
Demonstrate,prove the voltage stabilization of DC bus.For module controllable in micro-capacitance sensor, internally guarantee that internal load can be dissolved all, be completed
The self-balancing of controllable inside modules, externally guarantees to meet uncontrollable module when bulk power grid is not involved in adjusting as controllable electric power
Power demand；In grid-connected situation, controllable module maintains the stabilization of busbar voltage with bulk power grid jointly, and bulk power grid can also be to straight
Stream micro-capacitance sensor side claims；Under isolated operation, the autonomy of direct-current grid can guarantee that it maintains to stablize within a certain period of time.
Micro-capacitance sensor moduleization design can be divided into two major classes substantially, and the first kind is that functional form divides, convenient for inside micro-capacitance sensor
The balance and control of itself reduce the contact number with central controller.A kind of document " the micro- electricity of novel modularized alternating current-direct current mixing
Net topology optimization design and research " alternating current-direct current mixing micro-capacitance sensor module turned into three classes, one is all energy storage devices, secondly
It is all ac equipments, the third is all flow directing devices.Only need to guarantee the balance of each inside modules, nothing in module in this way
The power of method balance is by energy storage device uniform balance.This topological structure can more easily realize that the institute in micro-capacitance sensor is active
Can, a variety of different applications can be applied to the modular structure that current transformer divides, and modification amount is small, full modularized circuit
Design has many advantages, such as that manufacture, transportation, installation, maintenance, dilatation, upgrading are convenient.Meanwhile the efficiency of system can be improved.Second
Class is that the geographical environment according to locating for each device divides, and stablizes convenient for the coordinated balance inside each region of micro-capacitance sensor, reduces land occupation
It is more convenient to balance control with region nearby for area.Document " Hybrid AC_DC microgrid architecture with
Comprehensive control strategy for energy management of smart building " by a building
Distributed motor, the balance of DC energy storage and each alternating current-direct current load in building are coordinated as a module in building, then access big electricity
Net.This division mode reduces energy transmission loss, efficiently, fast, convenient for control.Using modular arrangement, built conducive to project
If just accurately calculating investment yield, the repeatability of construction mode and economic model preferably, by traditional " builds a micro- electricity
Net engineering " is changed into " purchase one micro-capacitance sensor ", effectively reduces the construction cost and management cost and process of item body
In various risks.
Multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor is to use novel current transformer by distributed generation resource, energy storage device, the load in system
Etc. being connected on DC bus, DC network passes through electronic power inversion device again and is connected to external communication network.This connection
Mode simplifies control target, is control bus voltage stabilization." the flexible multimode switch sagging control strategy of modified is ground document
Study carefully " using the traditional interconnection switch of flexibility multimode switch SOP replacement, there are the advantages such as power is continuously controllable, control mode is flexible,
Be conducive to the flexible interconnection and dynamic restructuring of active distribution network, and can effectively improve voltage level, promotes the association of distributed generation resource
Regulation system consumption.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by written explanation
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in book, claims and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the present invention under controllable module independent control mode and island mode；
Fig. 3 is that bidirectional converter receives central controller switch method of remote signal flow chart in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.It should manage
Solution, in order to enable technical solution is definitely, " front, back, left, right, up, down " used herein etc. indicates that the term in orientation is
Relative to the term position of Fig. 1, not because of the conversion changing location form of presentation of view.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is this hair
Bright a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, the direct current including multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor is female
Line 1, controllable module 2, uncontrollable module 3 and bulk power grid 13.
The controllable module 2 include one or more controlled distribution formula power supply 4a, batteries to store energy 5, DC load 6a and
AC load 7a, wherein each controlled distribution formula power supply 4a is incorporated to DC bus by a distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus 8a
1, batteries to store energy 5 accesses DC bus 1 by energy storage grid-connecting apparatus 9, and DC load 6a is directly connected with DC bus 1, hands over
Stream load 7a is connected by AC load grid-connecting apparatus 10a with DC bus 1.
The uncontrollable module 3 includes one or more uncontrollable distributed generation resource 4b, DC load 6b and AC load
7b, wherein each uncontrollable distributed generation resource 4b accesses DC bus by a uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus 8b
1, DC load 6b is directly connected with DC bus 1, and AC load 7b passes through AC load grid-connecting apparatus 10b and DC bus 1
It is connected；Uncontrollable module can not maintain DC bus-bar voltage due to the size of the uncontrollable output power in each part
Stablize, so the entirety of uncontrollable module can be used as net load processing.
Isolating transformer 14 of the bidirectional converter 11 of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor through ac bus 12 Yu bulk power grid 13
It is connected, wherein bidirectional converter 11 is the external interface of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor.
The controlled distribution formula power supply 4a is uniaxial miniature gas turbine, and load and the direct current that can be continuously itself are micro-
Power grid power supply, and the active power, the reactive power that export to it are adjusted.
In the embodiment, controlled distribution formula power supply is using uniaxial miniature gas turbine, it is of course also possible to use diesel oil
Generator is equipped with the wind park of energy storage or is equipped with the photovoltaic plant of energy storage；Uniaxial miniature gas turbine is incorporated to direct current by rectifier
Micro-grid system, rectifier uses DC voltage and reactive power as reference variable, bicyclic to uniaxial miniature combustion using pressure stream
The output power of gas-turbine is controlled, and output power should meet internal load demand, guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage exists again
In stability range.Batteries to store energy uses sagging control, simulates the primary frequency modulation characteristic of bulk power grid, fluctuates in busbar voltage
When can adjust immediately, can be absorbed power in system capacity surplus, batteries to store energy self-characteristic can satisfy fast in short-term
Speed carries out charge and discharge.It is sagging to control to adjust rapidly but belong to droop control and duration power supply is used as, and it is uniaxial
The characteristic of miniature gas turbine itself can guarantee to provide lasting energy support for direct-current grid, so needing uniaxial miniature
Gas turbine carries out power-balance, compensates sagging control bring voltage deviation, for therein load and direct-current grid into
Row power supply.Controllable module itself belongs to small-sized self-balance and declines power grid, on the basis of on-site elimination load, to upper layer microgrid power
There is response in fluctuation.
The uncontrollable distributed generation resource 4b is the wind park of MPPT control or the photovoltaic plant of MPPT control；Wherein, no
Photovoltaic in controllable distributed generation resource is connected into direct-current grid by DC/DC chopper, uncontrollable using MPPT control mode
Temperature and intensity of illumination in factor can change the output power of photovoltaic generator；Wind-driven generator uses constant frequency/constant speed control
System, rectified device access direct-current grid, and the change of wind speed influences the value of active power of output.The rectified device of AC load is incorporated to
In direct-current grid, DC load is directly accessed.Uncontrollable module is big due to the uncontrollable output power in each part
It is small that DC bus-bar voltage can not be maintained to stablize, so the entirety of uncontrollable module can be used as net load processing.
The instruction that the central controller of the bidirectional converter internal receipt multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor issues, judgement are straight
The method of operation and control mode of micro-capacitance sensor are flowed, the interaction of direct-current grid and bulk power grid 13 is controlled.
The control mode that the energy storage grid-connecting apparatus 9 uses is sagging control；
The uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus 8b uses MPPT control mode, naturally it is also possible to use constant frequency/constant speed control
Mode processed.
1 disparate modules distributed generation resource energy-storage system type of table
| Module title | Distributed generation resource | Energy-storage system |
| Direct-current grid is adjusted | Diesel-driven generator, uniaxial miniature gas turbine, the wind park for being equipped with energy storage or photovoltaic plant etc. | Batteries to store energy |
| Direct-current micro-grid is unadjustable | Wind park, the photovoltaic plant etc. of MPPT control | Nothing |
As effect difference of the disparate modules played in direct-current grid, so distributed generation resource and storage in disparate modules
The type of energy is all different.Distributed generation resource in the controllable module of direct-current grid needs the sustainable load for itself and micro-
Power grid power supply, the distributed generation resource that can be adjusted, therefore choose to active power that it is exported, reactive power can be single shaft
Miniature gas turbine, has energy storage wind park, photovoltaic plant etc. at diesel-driven generator.Direct-current grid is coped in this module energy storage
Busbar voltage quickly fluctuates, and distributed generator is used for subsequent continued compensation power.The uncontrollable module of direct-current grid is not
With regulatory function, so wind park, photovoltaic plant etc. that the distributed motor in module is controlled using MPPT.
As shown in Fig. 2, whether judgement is at this time limit operating status under controllable module independent control mode and island mode
Detailed process are as follows: set the initial set value U of DC bus-bar voltagedcref, gas turbine minimax power output Pmax,
Pmin detects d-c bus voltage value U at this timedc, judge d-c bus voltage value UdcWith the initial setting of DC bus-bar voltage
Value UdcrefSize, if Udc>1.05UdcrefWhen, the SOC value of energy storage and the power output P of gas turbine are detected, the SOC value of energy storage is high
In the upper limit of setting and the power output P of gas turbine is lower than minimum load, then proves to operate in the output of DC micro-electric network energy at this time
Under superfluous limiting condition, the distributed motor of a part of uncontrollable module need to be cut off, guarantees system stable operation；Conversely, if
Udc>0.85UdcrefWhen, the SOC value of energy storage and the power output P of gas turbine are detected, the SOC value of energy storage is higher than lower limit and the combustion of setting
The power output P of gas-turbine is lower than maximum output, then proves that operating in DC micro-electric network energy at this time exports under insufficient limiting condition,
Three type loads of a part of uncontrollable module need to be cut off, guarantee system stable operation.
As shown in figure 3, the control mode of bidirectional converter includes that sagging control is controlled with PQ, according to top central controller
The command signal of sending carries out the switching of control model.Direct-current grid detects the command signal that central controller issues, when big
When grid power quality goes wrong or micro-capacitance sensor internal bus voltage huge fluctuation occurs, failure is to rest part in order to prevent
It has an impact, central controller issues excision instruction, and bidirectional converter plays buffer action, and direct-current grid switchs to isolated island fortune
Row；When bulk power grid requires direct-current grid, central controller issues instruction, and bidirectional converter is controlled using PQ, direct current
Micro-capacitance sensor uses controllable module independent control mode；Direct-current grid is using bulk power grid and controllable module coordination control in the case of remaining
Molding formula.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of hierarchical control method of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, the hierarchical control method are to control comprising center
Three coating control methods of preparative layer, module layer and original part layer, wherein
Central control layer is controlled by the signal of bulk power grid, judges whether bulk power grid requires direct-current grid and the electricity of bulk power grid
Whether energy quality reaches standard, and central control layer issues the control model of signal control bidirectional converter, determines direct-current grid
The method of operation；
Module layer controls the coordinated control in modules, and controllable module must assure that on the basis of meeting internal load power
The fluctuation of external uncontrollable module is given and is responded, guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized, when busbar voltage is beyond voltage rating
± 5%, and judge energy storage beyond limit when, module layer control modules in excision load or excision distributed generator；
Element layer mainly determines the control mode of each device of each inside modules, adjusts the interior of sagging control and Isobarically Control
Portion's control parameter guarantees the speed of voltage stabilization.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, this field is common
Other modifications or equivalent replacement that technical staff makes technical solution of the present invention, without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Spirit and scope, be intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, it is characterised in that: including the straight of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor
Flow bus, controllable module, uncontrollable module and bulk power grid；
The controllable module includes one or more controlled distribution formula power supplys, batteries to store energy, DC load and AC load,
In, each controlled distribution formula power supply is incorporated to DC bus by a distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus, and batteries to store energy passes through storage
Energy grid-connecting apparatus accesses DC bus, and DC load is directly connected with DC bus, and AC load passes through the grid-connected dress of AC load
It sets and is connected with DC bus；
The uncontrollable module includes one or more uncontrollable distributed generation resources, DC load and AC load, wherein each
Uncontrollable distributed generation resource accesses DC bus by a uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus, and DC load is directly and directly
It flows bus to be connected, AC load is connected by AC load grid-connecting apparatus with DC bus；
The bidirectional converter of multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor is connected through ac bus with the isolating transformer of bulk power grid.
2. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the controlled distribution
Formula power supply is diesel-driven generator, uniaxial miniature gas turbine, the wind park for being equipped with energy storage or the photovoltaic plant for being equipped with energy storage, can
It is continuously itself load and direct-current grid power supply, and the active power, the reactive power that export to it are adjusted.
3. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described uncontrollable point
Cloth power supply is the wind park of MPPT control or the photovoltaic plant of MPPT control；
The instruction that the central controller of the bidirectional converter internal receipt multiterminal flexible direct current micro-capacitance sensor issues, judges that direct current is micro-
The method of operation and control mode of power grid control the interaction of direct-current grid and bulk power grid.
4. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the energy storage is grid-connected
The control mode that device uses is sagging control；
The uncontrollable distributed generation resource grid-connecting apparatus is controlled using MPPT or constant frequency/constant-speed control system.
5. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the modularization is more
The operational mode of end flexible direct current micro-grid includes the following three types: bulk power grid and controllable module coordination control under grid connection state
Island mode under molding formula, controllable module independent control mode and island state.
6. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the bulk power grid with
Controllable module coordinated control mode is applied to grid connection state, and the controllable part co- controlling direct current of bulk power grid and direct-current grid is micro-
The busbar voltage of power grid balances；Bidirectional converter receives the signal that top central controller issues, and when bulk power grid, all are run just
Chang Shi, bidirectional converter receive signal, select sagging control, and micro-capacitance sensor can be when issuing power greater than demand power, by function
Rate is conveyed to bulk power grid；When issuing power less than demand power, to bulk power grid power purchase, that is, the transmitted in both directions of power is realized, greatly
The voltage that power grid participates in bus is adjusted；When busbar voltage rises, batteries to store energy absorbs power, and uniaxial micro-gas-turbine is motor-driven
Make, reduce power output, if batteries to store energy SOC reaches the upper limit at this time, it is zero that uniaxial miniature gas turbine, which issues power, busbar voltage
When still increasing, the sagging control of bidirectional converter absorbs extra power；When the buss voltage falls, batteries to store energy discharges,
The power that uniaxial miniature gas turbine issues increases, after the sagging control of bidirectional converter stablizes busbar voltage, no longer to direct current
Micro-capacitance sensor power supply, guarantees maximum resource utilization in direct-current grid, reduces the dependence to bulk power grid, reduces direct-current grid fortune
Row cost.
7. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the controllable module
Independent control mode is applied under grid connection state, and bulk power grid, which has direct-current grid, to be required, and is not involved in direct-current grid bus
Voltage is adjusted；Bidirectional converter receives the signal that top central controller issues, according to the reference value for requiring input PQ control
Pref and Qref, bulk power grid at this time are equivalent to uncontrollable module；When busbar voltage increases, batteries to store energy absorbs power,
Uniaxial miniature gas turbine reduces power output, if uniaxial miniature gas turbine output power is zero at this time and batteries to store energy SOC reaches
To the upper limit, the distributed motor in uncontrollable module by abandonment or abandons light；When the buss voltage falls, batteries to store energy issues function
Rate, uniaxial miniature gas turbine increase power output, if batteries to store energy SOC reaches lower limit at this time and uniaxial miniature gas turbine reaches
It contributes the upper limit, three stage loads in uncontrollable module will be cut off.
8. modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the island mode
It is under the state normal operation that networks, if bulk power grid failure occurs or when power quality is unsatisfactory for requiring, direct-current grid is connect
Central controller MGCC instruction is received, bulk power grid and direct-current grid disconnect, and bidirectional converter plays buffer action.
9. a kind of hierarchical control method of modularization multiterminal flexible direct current micro-grid, it is characterised in that: the hierarchical control side
Method is three coating control methods comprising central control layer, module layer and original part layer, wherein
Central control layer is controlled by the signal of bulk power grid, judges whether bulk power grid requires direct-current grid and the electricity of bulk power grid
Whether energy quality reaches standard, and central control layer issues the control model of signal control bidirectional converter, determines direct-current grid
The method of operation；
Module layer controls the coordinated control in modules, and controllable module must assure that on the basis of meeting internal load power
The fluctuation of external uncontrollable module is given and is responded, guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized, when busbar voltage is beyond voltage rating
± 5%, and judge energy storage beyond limit when, module layer control modules in excision load or excision distributed generator；
Element layer mainly determines the control mode of each device of each inside modules, adjusts the interior of sagging control and Isobarically Control
Portion's control parameter guarantees the speed of voltage stabilization.
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