CN110415837B - Radial modular nuclear reactor - Google Patents
Radial modular nuclear reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110415837B CN110415837B CN201910694314.9A CN201910694314A CN110415837B CN 110415837 B CN110415837 B CN 110415837B CN 201910694314 A CN201910694314 A CN 201910694314A CN 110415837 B CN110415837 B CN 110415837B
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel assembly
- radial
- rod
- nuclear reactor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
- G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
- G21C3/326—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements comprising fuel elements of different composition; comprising, in addition to the fuel elements, other pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped elements, e.g. control rods, grid support rods, fertile rods, poison rods or dummy rods
- G21C3/3262—Enrichment distribution in zones
- G21C3/3265—Radial distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
- G21C5/06—Means for locating or supporting fuel elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a radial modular nuclear reactor, belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering and nuclear, and particularly relates to a radial modular nuclear reactor. The problems that an existing nuclear reactor is large in size, fuel assemblies are inconvenient to replace, accidents are easy to happen, and the heat exchange effect is poor are solved. It includes reactor core and control rod, the reactor core includes a plurality of fuel assembly module, and a plurality of fuel assembly module arranges along the circumferencial direction and forms annular structure, and the annular structure center is central channel, the control rod passes the fuel assembly module along the axial, the fuel assembly module includes fuel rod and heat transfer material, fuel rod quantity is a plurality of, and a plurality of fuel rods radially distribute along the reactor core, a plurality of fuel rod array distribution just are equipped with the clearance each other, the fuel rod outer wall contacts with heat transfer material. It is mainly used for modular nuclear reactors arranged radially.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering and nuclear, and particularly relates to a radial modular nuclear reactor.
Background
The fuel assemblies in existing nuclear reactor designs are all arranged axially. The fuel assembly and the fuel rods therein transfer heat in the axial direction to the coolant entering the core from one end and effect heat exchange parallel to the direction of the tubes. The nuclear reactor has larger volume, occupies more space, is inconvenient for replacing the fuel assembly, has longer used fuel rods, is easy to deform, increases the accident probability, has small contact area with heat transfer substances and poor heat exchange effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a radial modular nuclear reactor, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a radial modular nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core and control rods, wherein the reactor core comprises a plurality of fuel assembly modules, the plurality of fuel assembly modules are arranged in the circumferential direction to form an annular structure, the center of the annular structure is a central channel, the control rods axially penetrate through the fuel assembly modules, the fuel assembly modules comprise a plurality of fuel rods and heat transfer substances, the number of the fuel rods is multiple, the plurality of fuel rods are radially distributed along the reactor core, a plurality of fuel rod arrays are distributed and are provided with gaps, and the outer walls of the fuel rods are in contact with the heat transfer substances.
Furthermore, the reactor core is of a multilayer structure, and the plurality of fuel assembly modules form an annular structure along the circumferential direction and are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form the multilayer structure.
Further, the reactor core is of a vertical structure or a horizontal structure.
Furthermore, the reactor core is of a regular polygon ring structure or a circular ring structure.
Further, the fuel assembly modules are each inserted with a control rod and/or two circumferentially adjacent fuel assembly modules share a control rod.
Further, the fuel assembly module is disposed obliquely.
Furthermore, the fuel assembly module is provided with a safety rod channel at the radial center, and a safety rod is inserted into the safety rod channel.
Further, the heat transfer material is a solid material or a liquid material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problems of large volume, inconvenient replacement of fuel assemblies, easy accident occurrence and poor heat exchange effect of the existing nuclear reactor. The fuel assembly modules are in radial modular layout, the fuel assembly modules are small in size, can transfer heat to heat transfer substances for heat exchange in various modes after generating heat, are compact in structure, are convenient to replace due to modular design, can reduce the length of fuel rods due to the radial modular layout design, can reduce the deformation of the fuel rods in the axial direction of the fuel rods due to the shorter fuel rods, and can reduce the fault occurrence probability. The central channel of the reactor core shaft core is convenient for heat transfer substances to pass through, and the fuel rods are vertical to the flow direction of the heat transfer substances, so that better contact heat exchange can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a radial modular nuclear reactor according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a side view of a fuel assembly module according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a fuel assembly module according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a fuel assembly module according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of an obliquely positioned fuel assembly module according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fuel assembly module common control rod configuration according to the present invention
1-reactor core, 2-center channel, 3-fuel assembly module, 4-safety rod channel, 5-control rod, 6-fuel rod, 7-heat transfer material
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely explained below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6 for explaining the present embodiment, a radial modular nuclear reactor includes a reactor core 1 and a control rod 5, wherein the reactor core 1 includes a plurality of fuel assembly modules 3, the plurality of fuel assembly modules 3 are arranged in a circumferential direction to form a ring structure, the center of the ring structure is a central channel 2, the control rod 5 axially passes through the fuel assembly modules 3, the fuel assembly modules 3 include a plurality of fuel rods 6 and a heat transfer substance 7, the plurality of fuel rods 6 are distributed in a radial direction of the reactor core 1, the plurality of fuel rods 6 are distributed in an array and are provided with gaps therebetween, and the outer walls of the fuel rods 6 are in contact with the heat transfer substance 7.
This embodiment forms reactor core 1 through radial arrangement of a plurality of fuel assembly module 3, reactivity through control rod 5 control reactor core 1, fuel rod 6 along radial arrangement of reactor core 1 can effectively reduce the length of fuel rod 6, reduce deformation, reduce the emergence of accident, contact the heat transfer through heat transfer material 7 and fuel rod 6, central channel 2 is convenient for heat transfer material 7 to pass through, the length direction of fuel rod 6 is perpendicular with heat transfer material 7 circulation direction, can realize better contact the heat transfer.
The reactor core 1 of the embodiment is of a multilayer structure, the plurality of fuel assembly modules 3 form an annular structure along the circumferential direction, are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form the multilayer structure, and the number of layers of the reactor core 1 is set according to actual requirements; the reactor core 1 is of a vertical structure or a horizontal structure, is convenient to use in an underwater carrier, and is provided with a plurality of reactor cores 1 in a horizontal axial direction to form serial connection, so that the total power is improved; the reactor core 1 is of a regular polygon annular structure or an annular structure, and is arranged in a proper shape according to the use environment; the control rods 5 are inserted into the fuel assembly modules 3 and/or two adjacent fuel assembly modules 3 on the circumference share one control rod 5, the control rods 5 are reserved in the fuel assembly modules 3, the control rods 5 can be arranged in the fuel assembly modules 3 and can also be arranged at the boundary position of the fuel assembly modules 3, the two fuel assembly modules 3 share one control rod 5, and the control rods 5 can be simultaneously arranged in the fuel assembly modules 3 and at the boundary position of the fuel assembly modules 3 according to the use requirement; the fuel assembly modules 3 are obliquely arranged, the fuel assembly modules 3 which are radially arranged can be arranged in parallel, and can also be inclined towards a certain direction for the purposes of special assembly and the like, so that the loading and reactivity can be increased by increasing the axial length on the premise of not increasing the radial size of the whole reactor, and meanwhile, the heat exchange area is larger; a safety rod channel 4 is arranged at the radial center of the fuel assembly module 3, a safety rod is inserted into the safety rod channel 4, the safety rod channel 4 and the safety rod inserted into the safety rod channel 4 are arranged at the central position which is arranged in parallel with the fuel rod 6, the safety rod is made of a material with a very large neutron absorption section and is used for ensuring that the fuel assembly module 3 is absolutely kept in a subcritical state before and after use, when the fuel assembly module 3 is installed in the reactor core 1, the safety rod needs to be pulled out, when the fuel assembly module 3 is unloaded from the reactor core 1, the safety rod needs to be inserted again, and the safety rod channel 4 is made of an extended outer surface material of the fuel assembly module 3, so that the flow of the heat transfer substances 7 in the reactor core is not influenced by the insertion and the pulling out of the safety rod; the heat transfer substance 7 is a solid substance or a liquid substance, when the heat transfer substance 7 is a solid substance, each fuel assembly module 3 is of a solid structure, and heat is transferred to the central channel 2 or the outer side of the circumference of the reactor through the radial fuel rods 6 inserted in the fuel assembly modules 3 and then is taken away by the secondary cooling substance; when the heat transfer substance 7 is a liquid substance, each fuel assembly module 3 is of a hollow frame structure, and after the fuel assembly modules 3 are installed in the reactor core 1, the liquid heat transfer substance 7 flows through the fuel rods 6 to take away heat.
The present invention provides a radial modular nuclear reactor, which has been described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A radial modular nuclear reactor, characterized by: it includes reactor core (1) and control rod (5), reactor core (1) includes a plurality of fuel assembly module (3), and a plurality of fuel assembly module (3) are arranged along the circumferencial direction and are formed annular structure, and the annular structure center is central channel (2), fuel assembly module (3) are passed along the axial in control rod (5), fuel assembly module (3) are including fuel rod (6) and heat transfer material (7), fuel rod (6) quantity is a plurality of, and reactor core (1) radial distribution is followed in a plurality of fuel rods (6), a plurality of fuel rod (6) array distribution just are equipped with the clearance each other, fuel rod (6) outer wall and heat transfer material (7) contact.
2. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reactor core (1) is of a multilayer structure, the fuel assembly modules (3) form an annular structure along the circumferential direction, and are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form the multilayer structure.
3. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reactor core (1) is of a vertical structure or a horizontal structure.
4. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reactor core (1) is of a regular polygon annular structure or a circular ring structure.
5. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel assembly modules (3) are inserted with control rods (5) and/or two adjacent fuel assembly modules (3) on the circumference share one control rod (5).
6. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel assembly modules (3) are arranged obliquely.
7. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel assembly module (3) is provided with a safety rod channel (4) at the radial center, and a safety rod is inserted into the safety rod channel (4).
8. A radial modular nuclear reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat transfer substance (7) is a solid substance or a liquid substance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910694314.9A CN110415837B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Radial modular nuclear reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910694314.9A CN110415837B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Radial modular nuclear reactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110415837A CN110415837A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110415837B true CN110415837B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
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| CN201910694314.9A Active CN110415837B (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Radial modular nuclear reactor |
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| CN111739666B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | Traveling wave reactor for space exploration |
| CN113871033B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-04-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Reactor core of spherical fission nuclear reactor |
| CN112216409B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-02-28 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Reactor core, nuclear reactor and passive shutdown method of nuclear reactor |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104246903A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2014-12-24 | 巴布科克和威尔科克斯M能量股份有限公司 | Small modular reactor fuel assembly |
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| SE509238C2 (en) * | 1993-07-05 | 1998-12-21 | Asea Atom Ab | rEACTOR CORE |
| JP4994209B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-08-08 | 株式会社グローバル・ニュークリア・フュエル・ジャパン | Fuel assembly and core of boiling water reactor using it |
| CN102543224B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2014-06-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Power reactor adopting uranium zirconium hydride fuel element |
| CN105976879B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of assembly type molten salt reactor |
| US10559389B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-02-11 | Battell Energy Alliance, LLC | Modular nuclear reactors including fuel elements and heat pipes extending through grid plates, and methods of forming the modular nuclear reactors |
| CN109859859B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2022-09-16 | 西南科技大学 | Non-convection heat exchange integral module type subminiature space reactor core based on tungsten heat conduction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104246903A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2014-12-24 | 巴布科克和威尔科克斯M能量股份有限公司 | Small modular reactor fuel assembly |
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| CN110415837A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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