CN110414859B - 5T evaluation method for rice storage operation based on Internet of things technology - Google Patents
5T evaluation method for rice storage operation based on Internet of things technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality paddy storing operation 5T management system based on the technology of Internet of things, which comprises: a field management information module, a drying management information module, a storage management information module, a grain condition monitoring information module and a data center, the field information, the drying information, the storage information and the grain condition information are transmitted to a data center through the internet, the data center can transmit the instructions of the operators to the field management information module, the drying management information module, the storage management information module and the grain condition monitoring information module, monitor the quality information condition of the paddy in the process of storage and collection in real time, the invention also provides a high-quality rice storage quality evaluation method based on the internet of things technology, which can minimize the possibility of generating cracks and micro cracks on rice grains through effective time management and key index control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a high-quality rice storage operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology and an evaluation method thereof.
Background
The grain is not only a strategic resource of the country, but also a basic substance for ensuring the normal life of people; the production of high-quality rice without falling to the ground has the core that the time from harvesting to warehousing is shortened, and the condition that the rice is excessively exposed in unsafe environment so as to influence the quality of the rice is avoided. "No-landing" production is a necessary result of developing modern agriculture, and is a revolutionary transformation of rice production mode and consumption concept. At present, agricultural rice production development in China mainly faces the problems of changeable agricultural production environment, scattered agricultural production process, complex agricultural production main body and the like, most of the existing methods are researched and managed aiming at a single link in grain production, the whole rice storage and collection process cannot be managed generally, and errors caused by human factors are difficult to avoid.
The internet of things is an emerging industry recognized by the world as the third wave of information revolution following the internet of computers. The Internet of things is the determining strength in the construction of 'digital agriculture', and the level and degree of agricultural informatization are greatly improved. By establishing a grain Internet of things technology standard system and a grain quality detection system, applying the modern Internet of things technology to the traditional agriculture, finally establishing a grain storage Internet of things sensing system, realizing the information sharing of grain harvest, drying and storage, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the quality of grain, efficiently storing grain, effectively monitoring and forecasting, promoting the transformation and upgrading of grain, and realizing that all the grain is mastered. Therefore, a high-quality rice 5T + storage quality management method and system based on the Internet of things technology are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop a high-quality rice storage operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology, which realizes reliable transmission of quality information through a field management information module, a drying management information module, a storage management information module, a grain condition monitoring information module and a data center 6 large module, monitors rice in each link of storage, comprehensively interconnects and shares the quality information, realizes intelligent management of the system through intelligent operation, can achieve the technical effect of timely discovering the safety problem of rice storage and collection, and can finish the aims of high quality, high efficiency and safety of rice storage and collection.
The invention also aims to design and develop a high-quality rice storage quality evaluation method based on the internet of things technology, which takes 5 parameters such as harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time, storage accumulated temperature and the like as key control indexes, scores are carried out on all links in the rice storage process, and the division of the quality grade of rice is realized, so that the accuracy of the operation time and the accuracy of the indexes of all links in storage are reasonably controlled, and the possibility of generating cracks and micro cracks on rice grains is minimized.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a high-quality corn is received and is stored up operation 5T management system based on internet of things includes:
the data center is arranged at the user terminal and used for summarizing, converting, storing and inquiring data;
the field management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit field information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the harvesting time;
the field management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit field information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the field time;
the drying management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit drying information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling drying and accumulated temperature;
the storage management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit the information of the grain storage bin to the data center, receives the instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the bin receiving time;
and the grain condition monitoring information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit the grain information after warehousing to the data center, receives the instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the storage temperature.
Preferably, the field management information module includes:
the GPS agricultural geographic information unit is used for monitoring the heading time of the rice and forecasting and measuring the rice in the field;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring field temperature, field humidity, field illumination and field images in real time;
the field management recording unit is used for recording tillering time, heading time and mature period of the rice growth period, as well as harvesting moisture and harvesting amount of the rice, loss rate of the rice harvesting period and other information;
the harvester information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the harvester, recording and transmitting real-time video image data and the geographic position information of the harvester through the Internet and knowing the operation condition of the harvester in time;
a harvesting operation recording unit for recording the rice harvesting time.
Preferably, the site management information module includes:
the field operation unit is used for carrying out data monitoring and acquisition research on the harvesting and storing state information of the rice on the field;
and the transportation machine information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the transportation machine, monitoring and recording the change of temperature and humidity in the process of transporting the rice from the field to the field, and recording and transmitting the information of the field, the field and the transportation machine through the Internet.
Preferably, the drying management information module includes:
the field operation recording unit is used for recording information such as the stacking mode of the paddy in the field, the field time, the storage temperature of the paddy, the loss rate of the paddy in the field and the like;
and the dryer information device unit is used for recording the information of the dryer, acquiring and monitoring the dryer operation data distributed in the range, and realizing the functions of parameter setting, index control and the like.
Preferably, the warehouse management information module includes:
the warehousing operation recording unit is used for recording warehousing drying indexes, determining and recording warehousing time after controlling the time and the temperature and humidity of the rice after drying;
and the storage operation recording unit is used for monitoring the environmental indexes of the rice in real time, detecting and researching whether the dried rice keeps the drying indexes in a specified range or not after being dried, and storing the dried rice at low temperature or quasi-low temperature in reasonable time.
Preferably, the grain condition monitoring information module comprises:
the grain condition monitoring unit is used for acquiring temperature data in the grain bin through data acquisition, so that the temperature in the bin is kept below a certain value, and the accumulated temperature of the grain bin is ensured to be within a specified range;
And the delivery operation recording unit is used for recording the delivery time and delivery state of the unhusked rice.
A5T evaluation method for high-quality rice storage operation based on the technology of the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring harvesting time, field time, dry accumulated temperature, bin collecting time and storage accumulated temperature of paddy, and respectively comparing and scoring the harvesting time, the field time, the dry accumulated temperature, the bin collecting time and the storage accumulated temperature with a scoring standard;
step two, calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of the rice:
Y＝X 1 w 1 +X 2 w 2 +X 3 w 3 +X 4 w 4 +X 5 w 5 ；
in the formula, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、X 4 、X 5 Respectively calculating the values of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature; w is a 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 、w 5 Respectively weighing coefficients of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature;
thirdly, dividing the quality grade of the rice according to the comprehensive evaluation score;
wherein, if Y is more than 8 and less than or equal to 10, the rice is I grade;
if Y is more than 6 and less than or equal to 8, the rice is II grade;
if Y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 6, the rice is grade III.
Preferably, in the second step, the calculating the weight coefficient includes:
step 1, establishing a rice grade evaluation model, wherein the rice grade evaluation model comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer;
Wherein the target layer is a rice grade A; the criterion layer includes: punctuality rules B1, impairment rules B2 and goodness of fit rules B3; the factor layer includes: harvesting time T1, field time T2, dry accumulated temperature T3, harvesting time T4 and storage accumulated temperature T5;
step 2, establishing a first judgment matrix { a ij 1, 2 …, 5, 1, 2 … 5; second decision matrix { b ij 1, 2 …, 5, 1, 2 … 5; third decision matrix { c ij 1, 2 …, 5, 1, 2 … 5; and a fourth decision matrix { d ij }，i＝1、2、3，j＝1、2、3；
Wherein, the element a in the first judgment matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element in the factor layer relative to the ith element on the criterion layer element B1; element b in the second decision matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element in the factor layer relative to the ith element on the criterion layer element B2; element c in the third decision matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element in the factor layer relative to the ith element on the criterion layer element B3; element d in the fourth decision matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element in the criterion layer relative to the ith element on the rice grade A;
step 3, calculating the weight vector W of the first judgment matrix, the second judgment matrix, the third judgment matrix and the fourth judgment matrix p P is 1, 2, 3, 4; and constructing a first weight matrix M 1 ＝{W 1 W 2 W 3 And constructing a second weight matrix M 2 ＝{W 4 }；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the formula，
Step 4, calculating weight coefficients of the harvesting time, the field time, the drying accumulated temperature, the collecting time and the storage accumulated temperature;
M 1 ×M 2 ＝{w 1 w 2 w 3 w 4 w 5 } T ；
in the formula, w 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 、w 5 The weight coefficients of the harvesting time, the field time, the drying accumulated temperature, the harvesting time and the storage accumulated temperature are respectively.
Preferably, the method for calculating the equivalent accumulated temperature of the rice drying comprises the following steps:
in the formula, T3 represents the equivalent accumulated temperature of drying; t (t) represents the temperature of the rice at time t; t is t n Represents the time elapsed during the drying process; t is e (t) represents desorption equilibrium temperature of the rice at time t;
the method for calculating the storage accumulated temperature of the rice comprises the following steps:
in the formula, T is the temperature of stored rice; t is the number of days of storage; t is 0 Is biological at-8 ℃.
Preferably, before the step 4, the method further includes calculating a consistency ratio of the judgment matrix:
wherein RI is a consistency standard; lambda [ alpha ] max Is the most important of the judgment matrixA large eigenvalue, n being the order of the judgment matrix;
wherein, the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is:
in the formula, W i And W j Is an index weight value; x is a radical of a fluorine atom ij To determine the elements of the matrix, where the element x ij Is positioned in the ith row and the jth column of the matrix; wherein i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, n is the order number of the judgment matrix;
wherein, when CR is less than 0.1, the consistency of the matrix is judged to reach the standard; otherwise, modifying the judgment matrix until CR is less than 0.1.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the high-quality rice storing operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology provided by the invention has the characteristics of classifying and fine management according to preset grades, automatically recording and tracking process information, applying advanced process equipment, improving safe use value and the like, and provides rich real-time rice information in each link of storing by applying sensing equipment such as various sensors and the like, so that reliable transmission of quality information is realized, the quality information is comprehensively interconnected and shared, intelligentization, informatization and networking of rice management are realized, and the purposes of high quality, high efficiency and safety of rice storing are fulfilled.
(2) According to the high-quality rice harvesting and storing quality evaluation method based on the Internet of things technology, provided by the invention, each link in the rice harvesting and storing process can be graded according to 5 parameters such as harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time, storage accumulated temperature and the like as key control indexes, so that the grading of rice is realized, the accuracy of the operation time of each link in harvesting and storing and the accuracy of the indexes are reasonably controlled, and the possibility of generating cracks and micro cracks on rice grains is minimized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a general flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a high-quality rice storing operation 5T management system based on the technology of the Internet of things and an evaluation method thereof, and harvesting time T is used 1 Time of field and field 2 Drying accumulated temperature T 3 Time T of collecting bin 4 And storage accumulated temperature T 5 The method for realizing the quality management of the high-quality rice from harvest to delivery by taking 5 parameters as key control indexes is characterized in that according to important indexes of the rice storage process, a 5T parameter index organic combination networking technology is provided to form a high-quality rice 5T + storage quality information management system.
The invention relates to a high-quality paddy storing operation 5T management system based on the technology of Internet of things, which comprises: the system comprises a field management information subsystem S1, a field management information subsystem S2, a drying management information subsystem S3, a storage management information subsystem S4, a grain condition monitoring information subsystem S5 and a data center, wherein the field management information subsystem S1 is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit field information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the harvesting time; the field management information subsystem S1 includes: the GPS agricultural geographic information unit is used for monitoring the heading time of the rice and forecasting and measuring the rice in the field; the monitoring unit monitors field temperature, field humidity, field illumination and field images in real time through a sensor and camera equipment, and transmits data signals and images to a data center through a wireless sensor network, the Internet and other modern information channels; the field management recording unit is used for recording tillering time, heading time and mature period of the rice growth period, as well as harvesting moisture and harvesting amount of the rice, loss rate of the rice harvesting period and other information; the harvester information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the harvester, transmitting and recording real-time video image data and geographic position information of the harvester through the Internet and knowing the operation condition of the harvester in time; a harvesting operation recording unit for recording the rice harvesting time.
A site management information subsystem S2, which is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit site information to the data center and receive the instruction of the data center for controlling the natural storage time; the site management information subsystem S2 includes: the field and field operation unit is used for carrying out data monitoring and acquisition research on the harvesting and storing state information of the rice on the field, realizing accurate control and intelligent management on the rice from the optimal harvesting date to the date of mechanical drying operation and providing a guidance scheme; and the transportation machine information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the transportation machine and monitoring and recording the temperature and humidity changes in the process of transporting the rice from the field to the field, the transportation machine is provided with a 3S system (remote sensing technology, geographic information and global positioning system), the 3S system generates information of the field, the field and the transportation machine, and the information is transmitted and recorded through the Internet.
A drying management information subsystem S3, which is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit drying information to the data center and receive the instruction of the data center for controlling the drying and temperature accumulation; the drying management information subsystem S4 includes: the field operation recording unit is used for recording information such as the stacking mode of the paddy in the field, the field time, the storage temperature of the paddy, the loss rate of the paddy in the field and the like; and the dryer information device unit is used for recording the information of the dryer device, acquiring and monitoring the operation data of the dryers distributed in the range, and realizing the functions of parameter setting, index control and the like, so that the working state of the dryers can be mastered, the drying of the rice can be completed in time, and the drying quality is improved.
The warehouse management information subsystem S4 is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit the information of the grain warehouse to the data center and receive the instruction of the data center for controlling the warehouse receiving time; the warehouse management information subsystem S3 includes: the warehousing operation recording unit is used for recording warehousing drying indexes, determining and recording warehousing time by controlling time and temperature and humidity of the dried rice, and the warehousing operation recording unit is used for monitoring environmental indexes of the dried rice in real time, detecting and researching whether the dried rice keeps the drying indexes within a specified range or not after being dried, and warehousing the dried rice in time within a reasonable time for low-temperature or quasi-low-temperature storage so as to ensure the quality safety of the rice.
The grain condition monitoring information subsystem S5 is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit the grain information after warehousing to the data center, and receives the instruction of the data center for accumulating the temperature of the warehouse; the grain condition monitoring information subsystem S5 comprises: the grain condition monitoring unit is used for acquiring temperature data in the granary through data acquisition and observing the temperature conditions of all parts in the granary through the detection center, so that the temperature in the granary is kept below a certain value, the accumulated temperature of the grain storage is ensured to be within a specified range, and the safety of the grain is ensured; and the delivery operation recording unit is used for recording the delivery time and delivery state of the unhusked rice.
The work flow of the high-quality rice storage operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology is as follows:
the system comprises a field management information module, a data center, a harvesting instruction module, a field management information module, a harvesting information device and a data center, wherein the field management information module in the system is used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity, the light and the image of the rice in real time, transmitting the information to the data center in real time, closely monitoring the ear sprouting time of the rice in real time, judging the maturity time, transmitting the harvesting instruction to the field management information module through the data center, adopting a novel harvester to harvest mechanically in time, recording the information device of the harvester and the harvesting operation time, and transmitting the information to the data center for storage in real time;
the method comprises the following steps of performing data monitoring and acquisition research on the harvesting and storing state information of rice in the field and the field through a field management information module in the system; the precise control and intelligent management of the rice from the optimal harvesting date to the date of mechanical drying operation are realized, and a guidance scheme is provided through a data center;
the drying management information module in the system collects and monitors the operation data of the drying machines distributed in the range, and the functions of parameter setting, index control and the like are realized, so that the working state of the drying machines can be mastered through a data center, the drying of the rice is completed in time, and the drying quality is improved;
The storage management information module in the system is used for detecting and researching the environmental index of the paddy and whether the dry index of the paddy is still kept in the specified range after the paddy is dried, so that the paddy can be timely warehoused, and the quality safety of the paddy is ensured;
the system has the advantages that the temperature data in the granary are collected through the grain condition monitoring information module in the system, and the temperature conditions of all parts in the granary are observed through the data center, so that the temperature in the granary is kept below a certain numerical value, the accumulated temperature of the grain storage is ensured to be within a specified range, and the safety of the grain is ensured.
The principle of the high-quality rice storage operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology is as follows: according to important indexes of the rice collection and storage process, a 5T parameter index organic combination networking technology is provided to form a high-quality rice 5T + collection and storage quality information management system. Data are collected through various sensors and camera equipment, information is transmitted through modern information channels such as a wireless sensor network and the internet, the monitoring center collects and stores the state of the paddy in the process through real-time remote monitoring of the paddy, the traceability and the safety of information are guaranteed to be collected and stored through visual display, the management is efficient, the safety of the paddy is guaranteed, the labor cost is reduced, and the management efficiency is increased.
The invention relates to a high-quality rice storage quality evaluation method based on the Internet of things technology, which comprises the following specific working procedures:
1, through field management information subsystem S1 among the high-quality corn harvesting and storing operation 5T management system based on internet of things technology, carry out temperature, humidity, light, image to the corn and carry out real-time supervision, real-time close monitoring corn time of ear plucking, judge maturity time, adopt neotype harvester timely machinery results, to harvester information device and results operation time record, with ear plucking time T0 and time of reaping T1 record in internet of things system. And the harvest time T1 was scored according to the time interval Tsg between harvest time T1 and ear emergence time T0.
2, monitoring the process of the harvested rice in real time through a site management information subsystem S2 and a drying management information subsystem S3 in the high-quality rice harvesting and storing operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology, realizing mechanical drying within a specified time, recording the starting time (date) of the mechanical drying operation in an Internet of things system, and obtaining accurate rice field time, wherein the time interval between the starting time of the drying operation and the harvesting time T1 is the field time T2. And field time T2 was scored according to the length of field time T2.
3, the state of the rice during drying is monitored in real time through a drying management information subsystem S3 in the high-quality rice storage operation 5T management system based on the internet of things technology, mechanical drying is carried out by adopting a novel drying machine, information of the drying machine is recorded, accurate drying equivalent accumulated temperature is obtained, namely, the rice temperature is integrated with time, the drying equivalent accumulated temperature T3 of the rice is obtained, and the drying T3 is scored. The method for calculating the equivalent accumulated temperature T3 of the equivalent accumulated temperature drying comprises the following steps:
wherein T3 represents the equivalent accumulated temperature of drying, unit ℃ h; t (t) represents the temperature of the grain at the time t, and the unit is; t is t n Represents the time elapsed during the drying process, in units of h; t is e (t) represents the desorption equilibrium temperature of the grain at the time t, unit ℃; wherein, T e (t) calculating by establishing a relation model among the equilibrium temperature, the equilibrium relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture; due to T e The calculation method of (t) is prior art and will not be further described here.
4, detecting and researching the environmental index of the rice and whether the dried rice still keeps the drying index within a specified range or not through the warehousing management information subsystem S4 in the high-quality rice warehousing operation 5T management system based on the internet of things technology, storing the dried rice at low temperature and quasi-low temperature within reasonable time, and causing quality reduction due to waist explosion caused by moisture absorption from the environment. Therefore, the dried rice needs to be stored in the warehouse within a set time at a low temperature or a quasi-low temperature, that is, the rice warehouse collecting time T4, the rice warehouse collecting time T4 is recorded in the internet of things system, and the warehouse collecting time T4 is scored according to the time interval Tsc between the warehouse collecting time T4 and the mechanical drying end time (the time point corresponding to the equivalent accumulated temperature T3).
5, collecting temperature data in a granary through data collection by a grain condition monitoring information subsystem S5 in a high-quality rice harvesting and storing operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology, keeping the temperature in a warehouse below a certain value, obtaining accurate rice storage accumulated temperature, integrating the temperature of stored rice with time to obtain the rice storage accumulated temperature T5, and grading T5.
Wherein T represents the temperature of grain stored in the warehouse, and the unit is; t is 0 Representing biology-8 ℃, unit ℃, at which temperature the pests are in a paralytic state (hibernation); t is the number of days in storage, unit d; t is 5 The accumulated temperature of the rice storage is the unit DEG C.d.
The specific scoring criteria in the evaluation method of the present invention are shown in table 1:
TABLE 15 Standard TABLE of evaluation index values of T-shaped factors
6, building a hierarchical Structure model
Firstly, determining a hierarchical structure of rice grade evaluation, wherein the hierarchical structure is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer. The target layer is the rice grade evaluation; the rice grade evaluation should follow the following principles: punctuality principle B1, loss principle B2 and guarantee principle B3; and finally, dividing important factors for rice grade evaluation into harvesting time (T1), field time (T2), drying accumulated temperature (T3), harvesting time (T4) and storage accumulated temperature (T5). Specifically, as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Rice grade evaluation index system table
7, creating all judgment matrices
After the rice grade evaluation index framework is constructed, the importance of each grade of index is judged. The analytic hierarchy process can quantify qualitative problem, and combine the qualitative and quantitative problem with expert's evaluation summary to process, and the use of this method can make the investigation result have accuracy and credibility.
In the analysis result of the hierarchical structure, the main conditions between every two indexes are compared, quantitative description is carried out on the main conditions, the invention uses a scale method of 1-9, and the quantity scale is given for the comparison of different conditions, and the specific table is shown in table 3:
scale and meanings of the Scale method in tables 31-9
Comparing the importance degrees of two evaluation indexes to obtain a scale, constructing a judgment matrix of the evaluation indexes of the same layer, analyzing the effect of all elements of the B layer on the elements of the A layer or all elements of the C layer on the elements of the B layer, and filling the values into a table according to a scale method of 1-9 to form a judgment matrix, wherein the elements of the judgment matrix are a ij Wherein, the element a ij Is positioned in the ith row and the jth column of the matrix, i is 1,2 …, n; j is 1,2, … n, n is the order of the decision matrix.
In this embodiment, the review form is filled in for the expert to form the determination matrix.
Calculating the weight and carrying out consistency check, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
(1) calculating element product M of each row in judgment matrix i And the product M of the elements of each column j ：
In the formula, M i Judging the product of each row of elements in the matrix; m j Judging the product of each row of elements in the matrix; a is ij Is an element of the judgment matrix; wherein, the number a ij Is positioned in the ith row and the jth column of the matrix; wherein i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, n is the order number of the judgment matrix.
(2) Calculating M i The n-th square root of (A), and calculating M j The n-th square root:
w 'in the formula' i Is M i The square root of degree n; w' j Is M j The square root of (1) n; i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, n is the number of orders of the judgment matrix.
(3) Calculating the weight W i And weight W j
In the formula, W i 、W j Is an index weight value; w' i Is M i Of n times square root, W' j Is M j The square root of degree n; the calculation method is as the formula (2); where i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, and n is the rank of the decision matrix.
(4) Calculating the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrix max
In the formula, λ max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix; w i And W j Is an index weight value; a is a ij To determine the elements of the matrix, in which the number a ij Is located atRow i and column j of the matrix; i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, n is the number of orders of the judgment matrix.
(5) Compute consistency criteria CI
Wherein CI is a consistency standard; lambda [ alpha ] max In order to judge the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, the calculation formula is the above formula (5); n is the order of the decision matrix.
(6) The consistency index RI is queried as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 consistency index Table
| N | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| RI | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.9 | 1.12 | 1.26 | 1.32 | 1.41 | 1.45 | 1.49 |
(7) Calculating the consistency ratio CR
And when CR is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is determined to have acceptable consistency and is not present, and the judgment matrix is modified again.
(8) Calculating the weight of the judgment matrix according to the steps, and performing consistency check, as shown in tables 5-8:
TABLE 5 weight of evaluation indexes of criterion layer B relative to target layer A
By calculation, the CR value was below 0.1 and a consistency check was performed. And according to the result, judging that the matrix has acceptable consistency characteristics.
The same method calculates the weight of the factor layer C to each index of the criterion layer B.
TABLE 6 decision matrix B1 and its relative weight vectors
TABLE 7 decision matrix B2 and its relative weight vectors
TABLE 8 decision matrix B3 and its relative weight vectors
As can be seen from tables 6-8, all the decision matrices have acceptable consistency characteristics;
wherein, W in the table 1 And W 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(9) calculating the weight coefficient of each attribute of the factor layer as follows:
Namely, the weight coefficient of the harvesting time (T1) C1 is 0.1491, the weight coefficient of the field time (T2) C2 is 0.3530, the weight coefficient of the drying accumulated temperature (T3) C3 is 0.2161, the weight coefficient of the harvesting time (T4) C4 is 0.0845, and the weight coefficient of the storage accumulated temperature (T5) C5 is 0.1973.
According to the weight vector calculated based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, the field time (T2) has the largest weight among the factors influencing the rice grade evaluation, and the field time (T3), the storage temperature (T5), the harvesting time (T1) and the harvesting time (T4) are the second factors.
9, calculating the comprehensive evaluation score of the rice and classifying the quality grades of the rice
From the scores of the evaluation indices in table 1, and the influence weight coefficients of the individual indices calculated in § 8, a comprehensive evaluation score Y of rice is calculated:
Y＝X 1 w 1 +X 2 w 2 +X 3 w 3 +X 4 w 4 +X 5 w 5 ；
in the formula, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、X 4 、X 5 Respectively calculating the values of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature; w is a 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 、w 5 The weight coefficients of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, collecting time and the storage accumulated temperature are respectively.
Wherein, if Y is more than 8 and less than or equal to 10, the paddy is I grade; if Y is more than 6 and less than or equal to 8, the rice is II grade; if Y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 6, the rice is grade III.
In another embodiment, the harvesting time of a batch of rice is 46 hours after ear emergence, the field time of the grains is 15 hours, the drying accumulated temperature value is 450 ℃ per hour, the harvesting time is 1.5 days, and the storage accumulated temperature is 10000 ℃ per day. Then, the score of each evaluation index obtained according to table 1 is:
Y＝X 1 w 1 +X 2 w 2 +X 3 w 3 +X 4 w 4 +X 5 w 5 ＝8.7304；
The grade of the batch of rice is determined to be grade i.
According to the high-quality rice harvesting and storing quality evaluation method based on the Internet of things technology, 5 parameter control indexes of harvesting time, natural storage time, dry accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature of rice are monitored through a high-quality rice harvesting and storing operation 5T management system based on the Internet of things technology, the quality of each link of harvesting, field storage, drying, harvesting and storing in the rice harvesting and storing process is controlled through the 5 parameter control indexes, and each link in the rice harvesting and storing process is scored, so that grades of rice are distinguished.
As shown in fig. 2, the overall flow chart of the internet-of-things-based high-quality rice storing operation 5T management system and the evaluation method thereof according to the present invention is that the internet-of-things-based high-quality rice storing operation 5T management system scores each link in the rice storing and storing process by using 5 parameters of harvesting control time, field time, dry accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature, so as to grade rice, and a user can trace and manage the quality of rice in the management system.
According to the quality tracing and management system and method based on the Internet of things technology, the prediction and judgment of the storage quality are realized, and remote management is carried out, so that the whole service process is intelligent, automatic and digitalized, the extensive traditional mode is broken, the paddy storage process is developed towards the direction of accuracy, intelligence and digitalization, and resources are effectively integrated.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A5T evaluation method for high-quality rice storage operation based on the Internet of things technology is applied to a 5T management system for high-quality rice storage operation based on the Internet of things technology, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring harvesting time, field time, dry accumulated temperature, bin collecting time and storage accumulated temperature of paddy, and respectively comparing and scoring the harvesting time, the field time, the dry accumulated temperature, the bin collecting time and the storage accumulated temperature with a scoring standard;
the method for calculating the drying accumulated temperature of the rice comprises the following steps:
wherein T3 represents the accumulated dry temperature; t (t) represents the temperature of the rice at time t; t is t n Represents the time elapsed during the drying process; t is e (t) represents desorption equilibrium temperature of the rice at time t;
The method for calculating the storage accumulated temperature of the rice comprises the following steps:
in the formula, T is the temperature of stored rice; t is the number of days of storage; t is 0 Is biological-8 ℃;
step two, calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of the rice:
Y＝X 1 w 1 +X 2 w 2 +X 3 w 3 +X 4 w 4 +X 5 w 5 ；
in the formula, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、X 4 、X 5 Respectively calculating the values of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature; w is a 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 、w 5 Respectively weighing coefficients of harvesting time, field time, drying accumulated temperature, harvesting time and storage accumulated temperature;
thirdly, dividing the quality grade of the rice according to the comprehensive evaluation score;
wherein, if Y is more than 8 and less than or equal to 10, the paddy is I grade;
if Y is more than 6 and less than or equal to 8, the rice is II grade;
if Y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 6, the rice is grade III;
high-quality corn is received and is stored up operation 5T management system based on internet of things includes:
the data center is arranged at the user terminal and used for summarizing, converting, storing and inquiring data;
the field management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit field information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the harvesting time;
the field management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit field information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the field time;
The drying management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit drying information to the data center, receives an instruction of the data center and is used for controlling drying and accumulated temperature;
the storage management information module is connected with the data center through the Internet, can transmit the information of the grain storage bin to the data center, receives the instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the bin receiving time;
the grain condition monitoring information module is connected with the data center through the internet, can transmit the grain information after warehousing to the data center, receives the instruction of the data center and is used for controlling the storage temperature;
the field management information module comprises:
the GPS agricultural geographic information unit is used for monitoring the heading time of the rice and forecasting and measuring the rice in the field;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring field temperature, field humidity, field illumination and field images in real time;
the field management recording unit is used for recording tillering time, heading time and mature period of the rice growth period, harvesting moisture and harvesting amount of the rice and loss rate information of the rice harvesting period;
The harvester information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the harvester, recording and transmitting real-time video image data and the geographic position information of the harvester through the Internet and knowing the operation condition of the harvester in time;
a harvesting operation recording unit for recording rice harvesting time;
the site management information module includes:
the field operation unit is used for carrying out data monitoring and acquisition research on the harvesting and storing state information of the rice on the field;
the transportation machine information device unit is used for recording basic configuration information of the transportation machine, monitoring and recording the change of temperature and humidity in the process of transporting the rice from the field to the field, and recording and transmitting the information of the field, the field and the transportation machine through the Internet;
the drying management information module includes:
the field operation recording unit is used for recording the stacking mode of the paddy in the field, the field time, the storage temperature of the paddy and the loss rate information of the paddy during the field;
and the dryer information device unit is used for recording the information of the dryer device, acquiring and monitoring the dryer operation data distributed in the range, and realizing the functions of parameter setting and index control.
2. The internet of things technology-based 5T evaluation method for high-quality rice storage operation according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the calculation of the weight coefficient comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a rice grade evaluation model, wherein the rice grade evaluation model comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and a factor layer;
wherein the target layer is a rice grade A; the criterion layer includes: punctuality rules B1, impairment rules B2 and goodness of fit rules B3; the factor layer includes: harvesting time T1, field time T2, dry accumulated temperature T3, harvesting time T4 and storage accumulated temperature T5;
step 2, establishing a first judgment matrix { a } ij 1, 2 …, 5, 1, 2 … 5; second decision matrix { b ij 1, 2 …, 5, j 1, 2 … 5; third decision matrix { c ij 1, 2 …, 5, 1, 2 … 5; and a fourth decision matrix { d ij }，i＝1、2、3，j＝1、2、3；
Wherein, the element a in the first judgment matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element relative to the ith element in the factor layer on the punctuality principle B1; element b in the second decision matrix ij First in the presentation factor layerThe influence coefficient of j elements relative to the ith element on the impairment principle B2; element c in the third decision matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element relative to the ith element in the factor layer on the goodness rule B3; element d in the fourth decision matrix ij Representing the influence coefficient of the jth element in the criterion layer relative to the ith element on the rice grade A;
step 3, calculating the weight vector W of the first judgment matrix, the second judgment matrix, the third judgment matrix and the fourth judgment matrix p P is 1, 2, 3, 4; and constructing a first weight matrix M 1 ＝{W 1 W 2 W 3 And constructing a second weight matrix M 2 ＝{W 4 }；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the formula, W p ' are original weight vectors of the first, second, third, and fourth decision matrices,
x＝a,b,c,d；
step 4, calculating the weight coefficients of the harvesting time, the field time, the drying accumulated temperature, the collecting time and the storage accumulated temperature:
M 1 ×M 2 ＝{w 1 w 2 w 3 w 4 w 5 } T ；
in the formula, w 1 、w 2 、w 3 、w 4 、w 5 The weight coefficients of the harvesting time, the field time, the drying accumulated temperature, the harvesting time and the storage accumulated temperature are respectively.
3. The internet of things technology-based 5T evaluation method for high-quality rice storage operation according to claim 2, wherein before the step 4, the method further comprises the following steps of calculating the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix:
Wherein RI is a consistency standard; lambda max In order to judge the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, n is the order number of the judgment matrix;
wherein, the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is:
in the formula, W i And W j Is an index weight value; x is the number of ij To determine the elements of the matrix, where the element x ij Is positioned in the ith row and the jth column of the matrix; wherein i is 1, 2 …, n, j is 1, 2 … n, n is the order number of the judgment matrix;
wherein, when CR is less than 0.1, the consistency of the matrix is judged to reach the standard; otherwise, modifying the judgment matrix until CR is less than 0.1.
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