CN110413518B - Control object library generation method and device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Control object library generation method and device and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for generating a control object library, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an interface to be tested; analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested; and generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate test cases for testing when the interface to be tested is tested. The invention also discloses a device for generating the control object library and a computer readable storage medium. The invention improves the UI test efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of UI testing technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for generating a control object library, and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
In keyword-driven UI (User Interface) automation testing, test cases are generally divided into a plurality of test steps, test objects in the test steps, execution actions of the test objects, and data required by the test objects. The automatic tester generates test steps through control objects and data, writes and generates an executable automatic test script through a plurality of test steps, and executes the executable automatic test script through automatic tools. In this process, the identification and maintenance of control objects is a key factor affecting the efficiency of the execution of the entire automated test activity.
Currently, testers need to manually enter control objects to generate test steps, so that the UI test is low in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method and a device for generating a control object library and a computer readable storage medium, and aims to solve the problem of low UI test efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for generating a control object library, the method for generating a control object library comprising the following steps:
acquiring an interface to be tested;
analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested;
and generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate test cases for testing when the interface to be tested is tested.
In one embodiment, the step of generating a plurality of control objects according to each control includes:
determining the analysis sequence of the controls so as to generate a tree structure according to the analysis sequence of each control;
and determining control information corresponding to the control, and associating the nodes on the tree structure with the control information of the control corresponding to the nodes to generate a control object.
In an embodiment, the step of associating the node on the tree structure with control information of a control corresponding to the node to generate a control object includes:
determining a preset control in the controls corresponding to all nodes on the tree structure, wherein the preset control is an available control or a control of a preset type;
and determining control information corresponding to the preset controls, and storing the preset controls and the control information corresponding to the preset controls in an associated mode to generate control objects corresponding to the preset controls.
In an embodiment, the step of determining the preset control in the controls corresponding to the nodes on the tree structure includes:
determining a page element corresponding to the control, and determining the attribute of the page element;
and determining that the control corresponding to the page element is a preset control according to the attribute of the page element.
In an embodiment, the control information includes a control type, and the step of determining control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining page elements of the control and attributes of the page elements;
and determining the control type of the control according to the attribute.
In an embodiment, the control information includes a service name, and the step of determining the control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining an effective value corresponding to the control;
and determining service function content according to the effective value, and determining the service name of the preset control according to the service function content and the control type.
In an embodiment, the control information includes positioning information, and the step of determining the control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
and traversing the tree structure by taking the determined node as a starting node according to a first preset traversing mode to obtain positioning information corresponding to the control.
In an embodiment, the control information includes a hierarchical structure, and the step of determining the control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
traversing the tree structure in a second preset traversing mode by taking the determined node as a starting node to determine a node path corresponding to each control;
and establishing a corresponding child node object list for each control according to the node path so as to generate a hierarchical structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a device for generating a control object library, where the device for generating test cases includes a processor, a memory, and a control object library generating program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the control object library generating program is executed by the processor, the steps of the control object library generating method described above are implemented.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a generation program of a control object library, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control object library generation method as described above.
According to the method and device for generating the control object library and the computer readable storage medium, the device for generating the control object library acquires the interface to be tested, analyzes the interface to be tested to obtain the controls in the interface to be tested, and generates a plurality of control objects according to each control, so that the control object library is generated according to each control object, and when the interface to be tested is tested, the control objects in the control object library are called to generate test cases for testing; because the control object library generating device can automatically generate the control object library according to each control in the interface to be tested, a tester does not need to manually configure the control object and input the control object, the control object library generating time is shortened, and the UI test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware architecture of a device for generating a control object library according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for generating a control object library according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method for generating a control object library according to the present invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The main solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are: acquiring an interface to be tested; analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested; and generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate test cases for testing when the interface to be tested is tested.
Because the control object library generating device can automatically generate the control object library according to each control in the interface to be tested, a tester does not need to manually configure the control object and input the control object, the control object library generating time is shortened, and the UI test efficiency is improved.
As an implementation, the generating device of the control object library may be as shown in fig. 1.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a device for generating a control object library, which comprises the following components: a processor 101, such as a CPU, a memory 102, and a communication bus 103. Wherein the communication bus 103 is used to enable connected communication among the components.
The memory 102 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a stable memory (non-volatile memory), such as a disk memory. As shown in fig. 1, a generation program of a control object library may be included in a memory 103 as one type of computer storage medium; and the processor 101 may be configured to call a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102, and perform the following operations:
acquiring an interface to be tested;
analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested;
and generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate test cases for testing when the interface to be tested is tested.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining the analysis sequence of the controls so as to generate a tree structure according to the analysis sequence of each control;
and determining control information corresponding to the control, and associating the nodes on the tree structure with the control information of the control corresponding to the nodes to generate a control object.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining a preset control in the controls corresponding to all nodes on the tree structure, wherein the preset control is an available control or a control of a preset type;
and determining control information corresponding to the preset controls, and storing the preset controls and the control information corresponding to the preset controls in an associated mode to generate control objects corresponding to the preset controls.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining a page element corresponding to the control, and determining the attribute of the page element;
and determining that the control corresponding to the page element is a preset control according to the attribute of the page element.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining page elements of the control and attributes of the page elements;
and determining the control type of the control according to the attribute.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining an effective value corresponding to the control;
and determining service function content according to the effective value, and determining the service name of the preset control according to the service function content and the control type.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
and traversing the tree structure by taking the determined node as a starting node according to a first preset traversing mode to obtain positioning information corresponding to the control.
In one embodiment, the processor 101 may be configured to invoke a control object library generation program stored in the memory 102 and perform the following operations:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
traversing the tree structure in a second preset traversing mode by taking the determined node as a starting node to determine a node path corresponding to each control;
and establishing a corresponding child node object list for each control according to the node path so as to generate a hierarchical structure.
According to the scheme, the generating device of the control object library acquires the interface to be tested, analyzes the interface to be tested to obtain the control in the interface to be tested, and generates a plurality of control objects according to each control, so that the control object library is generated according to each control object, and when the interface to be tested is tested, the control object in the control object library is called to generate test cases for testing; because the control object library generating device can automatically generate the control object library according to each control in the interface to be tested, a tester does not need to manually configure the control object and input the control object, the control object library generating time is shortened, and the UI test efficiency is improved.
Based on the hardware framework of the control object library generating device, the embodiment of the control object library generating method is provided.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an embodiment of a method for generating a control object library according to the present invention, where the method for generating a control object library includes the following steps:
step S10, obtaining an interface to be tested;
in this embodiment, the execution subject is a control object library generating device, and for convenience of description, the device is referred to as a control object library generating device hereinafter.
And when the UI interface is tested, the device acquires the interface to be tested. Specifically, the device acquires the interface to be tested by inputting files such as URL (uniform resource locator) and HTML (hypertext markup language), wherein the interface to be tested refers to the current user interface of the terminal, namely the interface to be tested is the front page of the tested terminal.
Step S20, analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested;
and step S30, generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate test cases for testing when the interface to be tested is tested.
After the interface to be tested is obtained, the device analyzes the interface to be tested, and therefore all controls in the interface to be tested are obtained. Specifically, each control on the interface to be tested has corresponding position information, the device analyzes each control according to the position information, namely, the position information of the control determines the analysis sequence of the control, and the device analyzes the interface to be tested according to the analysis sequence, so that a tree structure corresponding to the interface to be tested is obtained, and each node on the tree structure corresponds to the control on the interface to be tested.
The device can determine the control information corresponding to the control, so that the control information and the control corresponding to the control information are stored in an associated mode, control objects corresponding to the control are obtained, and each control object forms a control object library. The control information includes control type, positioning information, service name, and hierarchical structure. The control information is obtained by analyzing the control by the device.
The control type is used for determining the object type, generating the object name, default parameters and parameter assignment; the positioning information is used for positioning the Xpath attribute of the current control, calling in the use case execution process and positioning the position of the element; the service name provides visual control object description for the testers; the hierarchical structure characterizes the position relation between the control object and other control objects and is used for determining the analysis sequence of the control objects in the control object library.
The determination of the individual control information is described in detail below.
A. The control type determination process may refer to the following steps:
1a, the device determines a current control and analyzes the current control to obtain a page element corresponding to the current control;
2a, acquiring the attribute of the page element, wherein the attribute can be TagName, class, type, id and other attributes;
3a, determining the control type of the current control by the device according to the attribute, identifying the attribute by the device so as to determine the control type corresponding to the current control, wherein the mapping relation of the default operation and the default parameter corresponding to the control type is required to be configured in advance by a tester, and the mapping relation is as follows: text type, input (operation): { Random }.
The device may traverse according to the root node of the tree structure as a starting node to determine the type of each control.
B. The determination flow of the positioning information can refer to the following steps:
1b, determining a node corresponding to the current control on the tree structure;
2b, traversing the tree structure by taking the determined node as a starting node according to a first preset traversing mode to obtain positioning information corresponding to the current node, wherein the first preset traversing mode is to push the tree structure into a stack according to a bottom-up mode, hierarchically traversing each hierarchical group of first nodes corresponding to the starting node on the tree structure, judging whether the attribute of the page element of the current control corresponding to the starting node is globally unique or not, wherein the attribute of the page element can be ID, class, text and other attributes until the globally unique attribute is found or traversing to the root node of the tree structure, and ending the traversing; during traversal. If the starting node has the sibling node of the same level, the parent node of the starting node is traversed to find the position of the starting node according to breadth first, and then the position of the starting node is used as positioning information to be stacked, so that Xpath positioning information with a similar// div [ @ id = "xx" ]/a [1] structure is generated through the stacked data.
The device can determine the positioning information corresponding to each control one by one according to the steps.
C. The determination flow of the service name can refer to the following steps:
1c, determining a value corresponding to the control, wherein the value of the control can be determined according to the attribute of the page element of the control, namely, the value, text and other content attributes of the page element;
2c, determining the service function content corresponding to the numerical value, wherein the numerical value has a corresponding service function description, and the service function description is the service function content;
3c, determining the control type of the control, splicing the business function content into the control type to obtain a business name, for example, the business name is a submitting fund audit (business function content) button (control type);
it should be noted that, the device needs to determine the service names corresponding to the controls one by one, and the device determines the service names of the controls in a traversal mode, specifically, the device determines the node of the current control on the tree structure, uses the node as a starting node, and performs the ineffective control according to the traversal sequence of the control types of the current control, where the traversal sequence of the control types may be a DropDown type sequence, and the DropDown type sequence is specifically: the front adjacent brother node- > father node- > current node- > child node- > rear adjacent brother node, thereby completing the identification and determination of the service name of each control.
D. The determination flow of the hierarchical structure can refer to the following steps:
1d, determining nodes of the current control on the tree structure;
2d, traversing each node on the tree structure by taking the determined node as a starting node according to a second preset traversing mode, so as to determine a node path corresponding to each node, wherein the second preset traversing mode refers to recursion layer-by-layer traversing according to a depth-first mode;
and 3d, creating a corresponding child node object list for each node path so as to generate a hierarchical structure, wherein the hierarchical mechanism is constructed for the corresponding node position of each control on the tree structure. After determining the hierarchical structure, the control type, the service name and the positioning information of each control object are sequentially stored according to the hierarchical structure corresponding to the control object, so as to generate or update a control object library.
After the control object library is generated, a tester can design a testing step, wherein the testing step comprises control operation and control parameters, and the testing step further comprises a testing sequence. And each control object in the control object library has a corresponding analysis sequence, the control object with the analysis sequence identical to the test sequence in the current test step is used as a target control object, and then the target control object, the control operation and the control parameters in the current test step are associated, so that a test case is generated to test the control of the target control object. In addition, before the test case is generated, the device outputs whether the test step or parameters corresponding to the test step need to be adjusted or not so as to enable a tester to determine the generation of the test case.
In the embodiment, the interface to be tested is analyzed through an automatic analysis algorithm to obtain each control, the type, positioning information, service name, hierarchical structure, operation and parameters of each control object are defined and are arranged according to the page tree structure sequence, and object controls corresponding to a plurality of controls can be directly and automatically generated to be used for verifying the usability cases of the controls; further, before the availability case is generated, parameters or step sequences can be simply modified manually to generate a test case required by a tester. In the embodiment, the control object library can be automatically updated, so that the effects of use case maintenance and change are achieved, and the maintenance cost of the control object library is saved.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, a generating device of a control object library acquires an interface to be tested, analyzes the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested, and generates a plurality of control objects according to each control, so that the control object library is generated according to each control object, and when the interface to be tested is tested, the control object in the control object library is called to generate test cases for testing; because the control object library generating device can automatically generate the control object library according to each control in the interface to be tested, a tester does not need to manually configure the control object and input the control object, the control object library generating time is shortened, and the UI test efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is another embodiment of a method for generating a control object library according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, the generating a plurality of control objects according to each control in step S20 includes:
step S21, determining the analysis sequence of the controls so as to generate a tree structure according to the analysis sequence of each control;
step S22, determining a preset control in the controls corresponding to all the nodes on the tree structure, wherein the preset control is an available control or a control of a preset type;
step S23, determining control information corresponding to the preset controls, and storing the preset controls and the control information corresponding to the preset controls in an associated mode to generate control objects corresponding to the preset controls.
In this embodiment, the device only generates a control object corresponding to a preset control on the interface to be tested, that is, the device does not need to generate a control object without the preset control. The preset controls may be available controls or controls of a preset type. The device can provide a type option box for a tester to select the type of the control to be tested, and the selected type is the control of the preset type. The present embodiment is described below in terms of available controls.
After analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a tree structure, the device determines the controls corresponding to all nodes on the tree structure, acquires the page elements of all the controls and the attributes of the page elements, wherein the attributes of the page elements are the TagName, class, type, id information, the device determines whether the attributes of the page elements are preset attributes, and if yes, the device indicates that the controls corresponding to the page elements are available controls.
It should be noted that, when the device only generates a control object of the available control, the determination of the control information of the available control is also different, that is, the device traverses, if the identified control is a non-available control, the device skips, and identifies the next control; and if the identified control is an available control, determining control information of the available control.
When the preset control is of the preset type, the device acquires the control type of the control to determine whether the control is of the preset type according to the control type, namely, the device traverses, and skips if the identified control is not of the preset type, so as to identify the next control; and if the identified control is a control of a preset type, determining control information of the control.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the generating device of the control object library only generates the control objects of the preset controls, and does not need to generate the control objects of all the controls, and when the preset controls are available controls, the generating time of the control object library is saved; when the preset control is a control of a preset type, the device generates a control object which accords with the intention of the tester.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a device for generating a control object library, where the device for generating test cases includes a processor, a memory, and a control object library generating program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, where the control object library generating program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the control object library generating method described in the above embodiment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a control object library generating program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control object library generating method described in the above embodiment.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course may also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, comprising instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (8)
1. The method for generating the control object library is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring an interface to be tested;
analyzing the interface to be tested to obtain a control in the interface to be tested, wherein the control comprises a preset control and position information;
generating a plurality of control objects according to each control, and generating a control object library according to each control object, so as to call the control object in the control object library to generate a test case for testing when the interface to be tested is tested, wherein the control object at least comprises one of a control type, positioning information, a service name and a hierarchical structure, and the control object library is used for updating the test case and generating a preset control object;
the step of generating a plurality of control objects according to each control comprises the following steps:
determining the analysis sequence of the controls so as to generate a tree structure according to the analysis sequence of each control;
determining control information corresponding to the control, and associating nodes on the tree structure with the control information of the control corresponding to the nodes to generate a control object;
the step of associating the nodes on the tree structure with the control information of the control corresponding to the nodes to generate a control object comprises the following steps:
determining a preset control in the controls corresponding to all nodes on the tree structure, wherein the preset control is an available control or a control of a preset type;
determining control information corresponding to the preset controls, and storing the preset controls and the control information corresponding to the preset controls in an associated mode to generate control objects corresponding to the preset controls;
when traversing the tree structure, the generating device of the control object library skips and identifies the next control if the identified control is not a control of a preset type; if the identified control is a control of a preset type, determining control information of the control;
after the control object library is generated, a testing step is obtained, a control object with the analysis sequence identical to that in the current testing step is taken as a target control object, then the target control object, the control operation and the control parameters in the current testing step are correlated, a testing case is generated, and the control of the target control object is tested, wherein the testing step comprises the testing sequence, and each control object in the control object library has the corresponding analysis sequence.
2. The method for generating a control object library according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining a preset control among the controls corresponding to the nodes on the tree structure comprises:
determining a page element corresponding to the control, and determining the attribute of the page element;
and determining that the control corresponding to the page element is a preset control according to the attribute of the page element.
3. The method for generating a control object library according to claim 1, wherein the control information includes a control type, and the step of determining control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining page elements of the control and attributes of the page elements;
and determining the control type of the control according to the attribute.
4. The method for generating a control object library according to claim 3, wherein the control information includes a service name, and the step of determining control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining an effective value corresponding to the control;
and determining service function content according to the effective value, and determining the service name of the preset control according to the service function content and the control type.
5. The method for generating a control object library according to claim 1, wherein the control information includes positioning information, and the step of determining the control information corresponding to the control includes:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
and traversing the tree structure by taking the determined node as a starting node according to a first preset traversing mode to obtain positioning information corresponding to the control.
6. The method for generating a control object library according to claim 1, wherein the control information comprises a hierarchical structure, and the step of determining the control information corresponding to the control comprises:
determining a node corresponding to the control on the tree structure;
traversing the tree structure in a second preset traversing mode by taking the determined node as a starting node to determine a node path corresponding to each control;
and establishing a corresponding child node object list for each control according to the node path so as to generate a hierarchical structure.
7. A control object library generating device, wherein the test case generating device includes a processor, a memory, and a control object library generating program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the control object library generating program when executed by the processor implements the steps of the control object library generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a control object library generation program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, the control object library generation program implements the steps of the control object library generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN112597034A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-02 | 深圳证券交易所 | Test case generation method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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