CN110412792A - The display panel and vehicle mirrors that transmission and mirror surface can be switched - Google Patents
The display panel and vehicle mirrors that transmission and mirror surface can be switched Download PDFInfo
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- CN110412792A CN110412792A CN201910591698.1A CN201910591698A CN110412792A CN 110412792 A CN110412792 A CN 110412792A CN 201910591698 A CN201910591698 A CN 201910591698A CN 110412792 A CN110412792 A CN 110412792A
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/04—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted inside vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
- B60R2001/1215—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with information displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the display panels that a kind of transmission and mirror surface can be switched, including first substrate from top to bottom, liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, multiple pixel units are formed in the second substrate, first substrate is equipped with the first polarizing film and the first quarter-wave plate, the light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate and the first polarizing film is in 45 °, the second substrate is equipped with the second polarizing film and the second quarter-wave plate, the light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate and the second polarizing film is in 45 °, pixel unit includes transmission area and echo area, the second substrate is equipped with reflecting electrode, wherein side is equipped with auxiliary electrode for first substrate and the second substrate；When applying voltage on reflecting electrode and auxiliary electrode, echo area is opened, and pixel electrode does not apply voltage at this time, and transmission area is closed；When not applying voltage on reflecting electrode and auxiliary electrode, echo area is closed, and pixel electrode and public electrode apply voltage at this time, and transmission area is opened.The invention also discloses a kind of vehicle mirrors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of liquid crystal display, more particularly to the changeable display panel of a kind of transmission and mirror surface and
Vehicle mirrors.
Background technique
The complexity and information density of vehicle information system are increasingly rising, this makes the display of automotive interior no longer only
It is only that the basic instrument that concentrates on is shown, but to meet more and more detailed and diversified in-vehicle information display demand.
As the price of liquid crystal constantly reduces, the specification of Vehicular display device slowly surmounts previous larger display panels, and
And its development speed starts to accelerate.And the outer functionalization of advanced driving assistance system (ADAS), the rear view using rear camera
Wild display system is relaxed in the regulation that the popularization in the U.S. and side-view mirror and rearview mirror are equipped with camera, requires that automobile has
Standby new display function.Vehicular display device needs to have different consumer applications and performance.Other than fundamental performance parameter, also need
It improves design and the Vehicular display device for not interfering driving information is provided.
Demand increasingly is shown with diversified in-vehicle information in detail in order to meet.The one of of the prior art solves
Scheme is in addition to install a vehicle mirror display panel, but the installation of vehicle mirror display panel additional again on automobile-used Back mirror, will affect
Rear to script vehicle rear-view mirror shines function, reduces the safety of driving；It is used alternatively, sticking one layer of reflectance coating on a display panel
Make mirror, but be easy to appear mirror image ghost image under ambient light, influences to show information；Alternatively, being designed using dual-box thick, but can weaken
Mirror-reflection, thickness and cost process difficulty increase.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of transmission and mirror surfaces
Changeable display panel and vehicle mirrors shows effect with the display panel for solving to transmit in the prior art and mirror surface can be switched
The problem of fruit is poor, thickness is thicker and higher cost.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
The present invention provide it is a kind of transmission and mirror surface can be switched display panel, including first substrate, with the first substrate phase
The second substrate to setting and the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate should in direction
It is limited by multi-strip scanning line and multiple data lines mutually insulated intersection on the side of liquid crystal layer and is formed multiple pixel units, each picture
Pixel electrode and thin film transistor (TFT) are equipped in plain unit, which passes through the thin film transistor (TFT) and corresponding scan line sum number
It is connected according to line, the first public electrode is additionally provided in the second substrate, which is equipped with the in the side far from the liquid crystal layer
One polarizing film, the second substrate far from the liquid crystal layer side be equipped with the second polarizing film, first polarizing film and this second partially
The light transmission shaft of vibration piece is mutually perpendicular to, and the first quarter-wave plate is equipped between the first substrate and first polarizing film, this first
The light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of quarter-wave plate and first polarizing film is in 45 °, between the second substrate and second polarizing film
Equipped with the second quarter-wave plate, the light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate and second polarizing film is in 45 °, often
A pixel unit includes transmission area and echo area, and the pixel electrode is corresponding with the transmission area, is corresponded in the second substrate each
The echo area of pixel unit is equipped with reflecting electrode, and wherein side is equipped with and the reflecting electrode phase first substrate with the second substrate
The auxiliary electrode of cooperation；
When applying preset voltage on the reflecting electrode and the auxiliary electrode, the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the echo area is equivalent to
Quarter-wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, the echo area are opened, and the pixel electrode does not apply voltage at this time, the transmission
Area closes；When not applying voltage on the reflecting electrode and the auxiliary electrode, the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the echo area without phase delay,
The echo area is closed, and the pixel electrode and first public electrode apply corresponding voltage at this time, which opens.
Further, it is spaced apart between the transmission area and the echo area by black matrix.
Further, the alignment direction of the first substrate side and the alignment direction of the second substrate side are antiparallel,
The fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate and the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate are parallel to each other.
Further, the reflecting electrode along the scanning line direction through a line pixel unit and with multiple echo area phases
Corresponding, the region which corresponds to the echo area is transparent state.
Further, first public electrode and the pixel electrode are located at different layers, which is whole face knot
Structure, the pixel electrode are the comb electrode with slit.
The present invention also provides the display panels that a kind of transmission and mirror surface can be switched, including first substrate and the first substrate
The second substrate being oppositely arranged and the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate is in direction
It is limited by multi-strip scanning line and multiple data lines mutually insulated intersection on the side of the liquid crystal layer and is formed multiple pixel units, each
Be equipped with pixel electrode and thin film transistor (TFT) in pixel unit, the pixel electrode by the thin film transistor (TFT) and corresponding scan line and
Data line connects, and is additionally provided with the first public electrode in the second substrate (20), the second public electrode is additionally provided on the first substrate,
The first substrate is equipped with the first polarizing film in the side far from the liquid crystal layer, which sets in the side far from the liquid crystal layer
Have the second polarizing film, the light transmission shaft of first polarizing film and second polarizing film is mutually perpendicular to, the first substrate and this first partially
The first quarter-wave plate, the light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate and first polarizing film are equipped between vibration piece
In 45 °, between the second substrate and second polarizing film be equipped with the second quarter-wave plate, second quarter-wave plate it is fast
The light transmission shaft of slow axis and second polarizing film is in 45 °, and each pixel unit includes transmission area and echo area, the pixel electrode with should
Transmission area is corresponding, and the echo area that each pixel unit is corresponded in the second substrate is equipped with reflecting electrode；
When applying preset voltage on the reflecting electrode and second public electrode, the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the echo area without
Phase delay, the echo area are closed, and the pixel electrode does not apply voltage at this time, which opens；When on the reflecting electrode not
When applying voltage, the corresponding liquid crystal layer in the echo area is equivalent to quarter-wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, the echo area
It opens, the pixel electrode and second public electrode apply corresponding voltage at this time, and transmission area is closed.
Further, it is spaced apart between the transmission area and the echo area by black matrix.
Further, the alignment direction of the first substrate side and the alignment direction of the second substrate side are mutually perpendicular to,
The fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate and the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate are mutually perpendicular to.
Further, the reflecting electrode along the scanning line direction through a line pixel unit and with multiple echo area phases
Corresponding, the region which corresponds to the echo area is transparent state.
The present invention also provides a kind of vehicle mirrors, which is that transmission as described above and mirror surface can be switched
Display panel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that: on the first substrate be equipped with the first polarizing film and the first quarter-wave plate, first
The light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of quarter-wave plate and the first polarizing film is in 45 °, and the second substrate is equipped with the second polarizing film and second
The light transmission shaft of quarter-wave plate, the fast and slow axis of the second quarter-wave plate and the second polarizing film is in 45 °, the first polarizing film and the
The light transmission shaft of two polarizing films is mutually perpendicular to, and each pixel unit includes transmission area and echo area, and pixel electrode is opposite with transmission area
It answers, the echo area that each pixel unit is corresponded in the second substrate is equipped with reflecting electrode, first substrate and the second substrate wherein side
Equipped with the auxiliary electrode matched with reflecting electrode；When applying preset voltage on reflecting electrode and auxiliary electrode, echo area
Corresponding liquid crystal layer is equivalent to quarter-wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, and echo area is opened, and pixel electrode is not applied at this time
Making alive, transmission area are closed；When not applying voltage on reflecting electrode and auxiliary electrode, the corresponding liquid crystal layer in echo area is without phase
Delay, echo area are closed, and pixel electrode and the first public electrode apply corresponding voltage at this time, and transmission area is opened.By anti-
Apply preset voltage on radio pole and auxiliary electrode, make the liquid crystal molecule in the corresponding liquid crystal layer in echo area deflect to λ/
The angle of 4 phase delays, thus realize the bright dark switching of echo area, the function for making display panel that there is transmission and mirror surface can be switched
Can, thus do not have to it is additional install display screen additional, display mode is changed according to user demand at any time, single box thickness design volume is small, can be with
It is made in conventional display panels processing procedure, and to compare other transflection modes more simple for processing procedure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of first substrate in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of the second substrate in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of reflecting electrode in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram of auxiliary electrode in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 5 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention one in the structural representation of original state
Figure；
Fig. 6 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention one in the structural representation of reflective condition
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention one in the structural representation of transmissive state
Figure；
Fig. 9 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the schematic illustration of transmission area in Fig. 8；
Figure 11 is the planar structure schematic diagram of first substrate in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 12 is the planar structure schematic diagram of the second substrate in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 13 is the circuit connection diagram of auxiliary electrode in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 14 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention two in the structural representation of original state
Figure；
Figure 15 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention two in the structural representation of reflective condition
Figure；
Figure 16 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention two in the structural representation of transmissive state
Figure；
Figure 17 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention three in the structural representation of reflective condition
Figure；
Figure 18 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Figure 17；
Figure 19 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention three in the structural representation of transmissive state
Figure；
Figure 20 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Figure 19；
Figure 21 is the schematic illustration of transmission area in Figure 19.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken further to illustrate, below in conjunction with
Attached drawing and preferred embodiment, the tool of the display panel and vehicle mirrors changeable to transmission proposed according to the present invention and mirror surface
Body embodiment, structure, feature and its effect, detailed description are as follows:
[embodiment one]
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of first substrate in the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes signal of the second substrate in the present invention
Figure, Fig. 3 are the circuit connection diagrams of reflecting electrode in the embodiment of the present invention one, and Fig. 4 is that electricity is assisted in the embodiment of the present invention one
The circuit connection diagram of pole, Fig. 5 are that the display panel that can be switched with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention one in original state
Structural schematic diagram, Fig. 6 be in the embodiment of the present invention one transmit and mirror surface can be switched display panel reflective condition structure
Schematic diagram, Fig. 7 are the schematic illustrations of echo area in Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is to transmit to show with what mirror surface can be switched in the embodiment of the present invention one
Show panel in the structural schematic diagram of transmissive state, Fig. 9 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Fig. 8, and Figure 10 is transmission area in Fig. 8
Schematic illustration.
As shown in Figures 1 to 10, the changeable display panel of a kind of transmission and mirror surface that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, packet
Include first substrate 10, the second substrate 20 being oppositely arranged with first substrate 10 and be located at first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 it
Between liquid crystal layer 30, the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 30 is positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecule that dielectric anisotropy is positive),
As shown in figure 5, in the initial state, the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 30 for positive liquid crystal molecules and is in lying posture, first
The alignment direction of 10 side of substrate and the alignment direction of 20 side of the second substrate are antiparallel, i.e., the positivity close to first substrate 10
Liquid crystal molecule and the positive liquid crystal molecules alignment direction close to the second substrate 20 are antiparallel.
The second substrate 20 is handed on the side towards liquid crystal layer 30 by multi-strip scanning line 1 and 2 mutually insulated of multiple data lines
Fork, which limits, forms multiple pixel unit P, and pixel electrode 23 and thin film transistor (TFT) 3, pixel electrode 23 are equipped in each pixel unit P
It is connected by thin film transistor (TFT) 3 with corresponding scan line 1 and data line 2, is additionally provided with the first public electrode 21 in the second substrate 20.
In the present embodiment, the first public electrode 21 is located at different layers with pixel electrode 23 and is kept apart by insulating layer 22, and first is public
Electrode 21 is whole face structure, and pixel electrode 23 is the comb electrode with slit.First public electrode 21 can be located at pixel electrode
Above or below 23 (lower section for being located at pixel electrode 23 shown in Fig. 5 for the first public electrode 21), it is preferable that first is public
Electrode 21 be whole face setting plane-shape electrode, pixel electrode 23 be in each pixel region monolith be arranged block type electrode or
Gap electrode with multiple electrodes item, to form fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS).When
So, in other embodiments, pixel electrode 23 is located on the same floor with the first public electrode 21, but the two mutually insulated is isolated
It opens, pixel electrode 23 and the first public electrode 21 respectively may each comprise multiple electrodes item, the electrode strip of pixel electrode 23 and first
The electrode strip of public electrode 21 is arranged alternately with each other, to form in-plane-switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS).
First substrate 10 is equipped with the first polarizing film 41 in the side far from liquid crystal layer 30, and the second substrate 20 is far from liquid crystal layer
30 side is equipped with the second polarizing film 42, and the light transmission shaft of the first polarizing film 41 and the second polarizing film 42 is mutually perpendicular to, first substrate
10 and first are equipped with the first quarter-wave plate 51 between polarizing film 41, and the fast and slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate 51 is inclined with first
The light transmission shaft of vibration piece 41 is in 45 °, and the second quarter-wave plate the 52, the 2nd 4 is equipped between the second substrate 20 and the second polarizing film 42
The light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of/mono- wave plate 52 and the second polarizing film 42 be in 45 °, the fast and slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate 51 with
The fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate 52 is parallel to each other, and each pixel unit P includes transmission area T and echo area R, pixel electrode
23 is corresponding with transmission area T-phase, and the echo area R that each pixel unit P is corresponded in the second substrate 20 is equipped with reflecting electrode 24, the first base
Wherein side is equipped with the auxiliary electrode 14 matched with reflecting electrode 24 to plate 10 with the second substrate 20.In the present embodiment, auxiliary electricity
Pole 14 is located on first substrate 10, and reflecting electrode 24 is located on the same floor and is dielectrically separated from out with pixel electrode 23, auxiliary electrode 14
With the pattern having the same of reflecting electrode 24 and consistency from top to bottom.Reflecting electrode 24 runs through one-row pixels unit P along 1 direction of scan line
And it is corresponding with multiple echo area R, as shown in figure 3, a plurality of reflecting electrode 24 is electrically connected and applies in non-display area
Identical electric signal, as shown in figure 4, a plurality of auxiliary electrode 14 is electrically connected in non-display area and applies identical telecommunications
Number, for example, being formed with electrode strip in 20 two sides of the second substrate, reflecting electrode 24 is electrically connected by via hole and electrode strip, electricity
Pole item is connect again with control chip to control all reflecting electrodes 24 and apply identical signal, is formed in 10 two sides of first substrate
There is electrode strip, auxiliary electrode 14 is electrically connected by via hole and electrode strip, and electrode strip is connect again with control chip to control
Some auxiliary electrodes 14 apply identical signal.Certainly, in other embodiments, reflecting electrode 24 may also include multiple reflection electricity
Pole block, a reflecting electrode block and two thin film transistor (TFT)s 3 are equipped in each pixel unit P, and reflecting electrode block passes through wherein one
A thin film transistor (TFT) 3 is connect with the scan line 1 of adjacent films transistor 3 and data line 2, and pixel electrode 23 passes through another film
Transistor 3 is connect with the scan line 1 of adjacent films transistor 3 and data line 2, can individually be controlled and be applied on each reflecting electrode block
The voltage added, so as to control the display panel the size of quantity and reflective surface area that upper echo area R is opened or closed, but simultaneously
It is not limited.In the present embodiment, the first public electrode 21 not only with pixel electrode 23 formed deflecting electric field, but also with pixel electrode 23
Storage capacitance is formed with reflecting electrode 24.
As shown in Figure 1, being additionally provided with black matrix 11 and color blocking material layer 12 on first substrate 10, color blocking material layer 12 includes red
(R), the color blocking material of green (G), blue (B) three color, and it is correspondingly formed the sub-pixel of red (R), green (G), blue (B) three color, transmission area T
It is spaced apart between the R of echo area by black matrix 11, transmission area T is correspondingly provided with color blocking material layer 12, and echo area R passes through flatness layer
13 coverings and transparent state, that is, be not provided with color blocking material, auxiliary electrode 14 is covered on flatness layer 13.
Wherein, first substrate 10 is color membrane substrates, and the second substrate 20 is array substrate, first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20
It can be made of materials such as glass, acrylic acid and polycarbonate.First public electrode 21, pixel electrode 23 and auxiliary electrode 14
Material can be tin indium oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) etc., and reflecting electrode 24 is that AL, Ag etc. have preferable reflectivity
Metal material.
As shown in fig. 6, display panel, in reflective condition, backlight can close at this time, the first public electrode 21 and picture
Do not apply voltage on plain electrode 23, transmission area T is in dark-state, i.e. closed state；Apply on reflecting electrode 24 and auxiliary electrode 14 pre-
If voltage, make to be formed between reflecting electrode 24 and auxiliary electrode 14 larger pressure difference (for example, 3V), reflecting electrode 24 and auxiliary
Certain deflection occurs for corresponding positive liquid crystal molecules between electrode 14, make the corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 of echo area R be equivalent to four/
Effective phase delay of one wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, the i.e. corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 of echo area R is λ/4, is reflected at this time
Area R is in illuminated state, i.e. opening state.
The formula of effective phase delay of liquid crystal layer 30 are as follows:
Wherein, θ is the angle for polarizing optical propagation direction and liquid crystal optic axis direction, neFor abnormal optical index, n0For normal light
Refractive index, Δ neffFor effective birefringence rate, d is that liquid crystal cell is thick.
From the above equation, we can see that when one timing of liquid crystal cell thickness, it can be pre- by applying on reflecting electrode 24 and auxiliary electrode 14
If voltage change positive liquid crystal molecules deflection angle, when deflection angle reaches particular value, effective phase of liquid crystal layer 30
Delay is λ/4.
As shown in fig. 7, formation is equal with the light transmission shaft of the first polarizing film 41 after external environmental light passes through the first polarizing film 41
Capable linearly polarized light forms circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 51, across the liquid crystal layer 30 with λ/4
The linearly polarized light parallel with the light transmission shaft of the first polarizing film 41 is formed afterwards, using reflecting electrode 24 and is passed through with λ/4
Circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) is formed after liquid crystal layer 30, is formed in parallel with the saturating of the first polarizing film 41 across the first quarter-wave plate 51
The linearly polarized light of optical axis simultaneously passes through the first polarizing film 41, realizes reflection display, display panel is used as reflective mirror.
As shown in figure 8, display panel, in transmissive state, backlight is opened at this time, reflecting electrode 24 and auxiliary electrode 14
On do not apply voltage, for the corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 of echo area R without phase delay, echo area R is in dark-state, i.e. closed state；First is public
Apply corresponding voltage on common electrode 21 and pixel electrode 23, makes to be formed between the first public electrode 21 and pixel electrode 23 larger
Pressure difference (for example, 3V), the corresponding positive liquid crystal molecules of transmission area T occur certain deflection, make the corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 of transmission area T
It is equivalent to half wave plate and the phase delay with λ/2, transmission area T is in illuminated state, i.e. opening state, pixel electrode 23 at this time
The different gray scale voltage of upper application can realize that different grayscale is shown, to show normal picture.In the present embodiment, reflecting electrode
24 voltages applied switch between two states of illuminated state dark-state, that is, the voltage being endowed is dark-state voltage value and illuminated state voltage
Value, and pixel electrode 23 applies corresponding 0-255 gray scale voltage.
As shown in figure 9, external environmental light is formed and the first polarizing film 41 after passing through the first polarizing film 41 for echo area R
The parallel linearly polarized light of light transmission shaft, form circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 51, pass through liquid crystal
Phase deflection does not occur for layer 30, is still circularly polarized light (left-handed) after reflecting electrode 24, but direction of rotation on the contrary, wear again
It crosses liquid crystal layer 30 and forms the linear polarization of the light transmission shaft perpendicular to the first polarizing film 41 after the first quarter-wave plate 51, and
It is absorbed by the first polarizing film 41, echo area R is in dark-state.As shown in Figure 10, for transmission area T, the light of backlight passes through second
The linearly polarized light parallel with the light transmission shaft of the second polarizing film 42 is formed after polarizing film 42, after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 52
Formed circularly polarized light (left-handed), across with λ/liquid crystal layers 30 of 2 phase delays after form circularly polarized light (dextrorotation), be then passed through the
The linearly polarized light parallel with the light transmission shaft of the first polarizing film 41 is formed after one quarter-wave plate 51 and projects the first polarizing film
41, it realizes transmission display, can show normal picture.
The present invention is made in the corresponding liquid crystal layer in echo area by applying preset voltage on reflecting electrode and auxiliary electrode
Liquid crystal molecule deflect to λ/angles of 4 phase delays has display panel to realize the bright dark switching of echo area
The function that transmission and mirror surface can be switched changes display mode according to user demand to not have to additionally install display screen additional at any time, single
Box thickness design volume is small, nor needs for the box thickness of echo area R to be arranged to the half of the box thickness of transmission area T, can pass
It is made in system display panel processing procedure, and to compare other transflection modes more simple for processing procedure.
[embodiment two]
Figure 11 is the planar structure schematic diagram of first substrate in the embodiment of the present invention two, and Figure 12 is in the embodiment of the present invention two
The planar structure schematic diagram of the second substrate, Figure 13 are the circuit connection diagram of auxiliary electrode in the embodiment of the present invention two, Figure 14
It is that the display panel that can be switched with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention two in the structural schematic diagram of original state, Figure 15 is this hair
The display panel that can be switched with mirror surface is transmitted in bright embodiment two in the structural schematic diagram of reflective condition, Figure 16 is implementation of the present invention
The display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in example two in the structural schematic diagram of transmissive state.As illustrated in figures 11-16, the present invention is real
(transmission and mirror surface of the Fig. 1 into Figure 10) can be cut the display panel that the transmission and mirror surface for applying the offer of example two can be switched with embodiment one
The display panel changed is essentially identical, the difference is that, in the present embodiment, auxiliary electrode 14 is located in the second substrate 20, auxiliary
Electrode 14 and 24 consistency from top to bottom of reflecting electrode are helped, for reflecting electrode 24 for strip shaped electric poles and without slit, auxiliary electrode 14 is with narrow
The comb electrode of seam, reflecting electrode 24 are covered on the first public electrode 21 and apply identical telecommunications with the first public electrode 21
Number, auxiliary electrode 14 is located on the same floor and is dielectrically separated from out with pixel electrode 23, as shown in figure 13, in 20 two sides shape of the second substrate
At there is electrode strip, auxiliary electrode 14 is electrically connected by via hole and electrode strip, and electrode strip is connect again with control chip to control
All auxiliary electrodes 14 apply identical signal.
The present embodiment can reduce the manufacture craft of first substrate 10 with respect to embodiment one, and the auxiliary in the second substrate 20
Electrode 14 and pixel electrode 23 can reduce the manufacture difficulty of display panel by the same masking process processing procedure on the whole
And reduce cost of manufacture.
It will be apparent to a skilled person that remaining structure and working principle of the present embodiment with embodiment one
Identical, which is not described herein again.
[embodiment three]
Figure 17 is that the display panel changeable with mirror surface is transmitted in the embodiment of the present invention three in the structural representation of reflective condition
Figure, Figure 18 are the schematic illustrations of echo area in Figure 17, and Figure 19 is to transmit to show with what mirror surface can be switched in the embodiment of the present invention three
Show panel in the structural schematic diagram of saturating state, Figure 20 is the schematic illustration of echo area in Figure 19, and Figure 21 is transmission area in Figure 19
Schematic illustration.As shown in Figure 17-21, the transmission and mirror surface that the embodiment of the present invention three provides changeable display panel and reality
It is essentially identical to apply the display panel that transmission and mirror surface in example one (Fig. 5-10) can be switched, the difference is that, in the present embodiment
In, setting auxiliary electrode 14 is not needed, the second public electrode 15 is additionally provided on first substrate 10, pixel electrode 23 is blocky electricity
Pole.Liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 30 is positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecule that dielectric anisotropy is positive), as shown in figure 17,
In the initial state, the liquid crystal molecule in the first liquid crystal layer 30 is positive liquid crystal molecules and is in lying posture, first substrate 10
The alignment direction of side and the alignment direction of 20 side of the second substrate are mutually perpendicular to, and make the positive liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 30 be in
Aligned twisted state, to form TN display pattern, in the present embodiment, the fast and slow axis of the first quarter-wave plate 51 and the two or four point
One of the fast and slow axis of wave plate 52 be mutually perpendicular to.In the present embodiment, the first public electrode 21 and pixel electrode 23 and reflecting electrode 24
Storage capacitance is formed, and the second public electrode 15 forms deflecting electric field with pixel electrode 23 and reflecting electrode 24.
As shown in figure 17, display panel is in reflective condition, i.e., original state when, backlight can close at this time, first
Not applying voltage on public electrode 21, the second public electrode 15, reflecting electrode 24 and pixel electrode 23, transmission area T is in dark-state,
That is closed state；R corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 in echo area is equivalent to quarter-wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, echo area R
In illuminated state, i.e. opening state.Please refer to formula in embodiment one 1., it, can by formula it is found that when one timing of effective birefringence rate
To change effective phase delay of liquid crystal layer 30 by changing liquid crystal cell thickness, when liquid crystal cell thickness is set as specific thickness,
Effective phase delay of liquid crystal layer 30 is λ/4.
As shown in figure 18, for echo area R, external environmental light is formed and the first polarizing film 41 after passing through the first polarizing film 41
The parallel linearly polarized light of light transmission shaft, circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) is formed after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 51, across having
The linearly polarized light parallel with the light transmission shaft of the first polarizing film 41 is formed after the liquid crystal layer 30 of the phase delay of λ/4, using reflection
Circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) is formed after passing through liquid crystal layer 30 after electrode 24, the is formed in parallel with after the first quarter-wave plate 51
The linearly polarized light of the light transmission shaft of one polarizing film 41 simultaneously passes through the first polarizing film 41, realizes reflection display, display panel is as reflective
Mirror uses.
As shown in figure 19, display panel in transmissive state, open at this time by backlight, and the first public electrode 21, second is public
Apply corresponding voltage, the second public electrode 15 and reflecting electrode 24 on common electrode 15, reflecting electrode 24 and pixel electrode 23
Between formed larger pressure difference (for example, 3V), corresponding positive liquid crystal molecules hair between the second public electrode 15 and reflecting electrode 24
Life is larger to be deflected and is in midstance, and for the corresponding liquid crystal layer 30 of echo area R without phase delay, echo area R is in dark-state, i.e. closing shape
State；When transmission area T shows 255 grayscale, pixel electrode 23 applies corresponding 255 gray scale voltage, the corresponding positivity liquid of transmission area T
Brilliant molecule does not deflect substantially, and transmission area T is shown with 255 grayscale, and when transmission area T shows 0 grayscale, pixel electrode 23 applies
Corresponding 0 gray scale voltage forms larger pressure difference (for example, 3V), transmission area T between pixel electrode 23 and the second public electrode 15
Corresponding positive liquid crystal molecules occur larger deflection and are in midstance, and transmission area T is shown with 0 grayscale.Pixel electrode 23 applies
Different voltage and corresponding different grayscale is shown, i.e. opening state, to show normal picture.
As shown in figure 20, for echo area R, external environmental light is formed and the first polarizing film 41 after passing through the first polarizing film 41
The parallel linearly polarized light of light transmission shaft, form circularly polarized light (dextrorotation) after passing through the first quarter-wave plate 51, pass through liquid crystal
Phase deflection does not occur for layer 30, is still circularly polarized light (left-handed) after reflecting electrode 24, but direction of rotation on the contrary, wear again
Liquid crystal layer 30 is crossed, forms the linear polarization of the light transmission shaft perpendicular to the first polarizing film 41, quilt after the first quarter-wave plate 51
First polarizing film 41 absorbs, and echo area R is in dark-state.As shown in figure 21, for transmission area T, the light of backlight passes through second partially
The linearly polarized light parallel with the light transmission shaft of the second polarizing film 42 is formed after vibration piece 42, passes through shape after the second quarter-wave plate 52
At circularly polarized light (left-handed), across with λ/liquid crystal layers 30 of 4 phase delays after be formed in parallel with the second polarizing film 42 line it is inclined
Shake light, forms circularly polarized light (left-handed) after being then passed through the first quarter-wave plate 51, circularly polarized light is saturating with the first polarizing film 41
Optical axis is not perpendicular, and projects the first polarizing film 41, realizes transmission display, can show normal picture.
It does not need to apply voltage in reflective condition relative to embodiment one, in the present embodiment, and transmission area T is also Chang Bai
State can reduce the power consumption of display panel.
It will be apparent to a skilled person that remaining structure and working principle of the present embodiment with embodiment one
Identical, which is not described herein again.
The present invention also provides a kind of vehicle mirrors, vehicle mirrors are shown for transmission as described above with what mirror surface can be switched
Show panel.
Herein, the nouns of locality such as related up, down, left, right, before and after be located in figure with the structure in attached drawing with
And structure mutual position defines, only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution clearly and conveniently.It should be appreciated that the side
The use of position word should not limit the claimed range of the application.It is also understood that term " first " used herein and " the
Two " etc., it is only used for differentiation nominally, is not limited to quantity and sequence.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, restriction in any form not is done to the present invention, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification,
It is right according to the technical essence of the invention for the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by above embodiments, fall within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. the display panel that a kind of transmission and mirror surface can be switched, including first substrate (10), with the first substrate (10) with respect to setting
The second substrate (20) set and the liquid crystal layer (30) between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), this second
Substrate (20) is intersected on the side towards the liquid crystal layer (30) by multi-strip scanning line (1) and multiple data lines (2) mutually insulated
Restriction is formed multiple pixel units (P), and pixel electrode (23) and thin film transistor (TFT) (3), the picture are equipped in each pixel unit (P)
Plain electrode (23) is connected by the thin film transistor (TFT) (3) with corresponding scan line (1) and data line (2), the second substrate (20)
On be additionally provided with the first public electrode (21), the first substrate (10) far from the liquid crystal layer (30) side be equipped with the first polarizing film
(41), which is equipped with the second polarizing film (42) in the side far from the liquid crystal layer (30), first polarizing film
(41) light transmission shaft with second polarizing film (42) is mutually perpendicular to, which is characterized in that the first substrate (10) and first polarization
The first quarter-wave plate (51) are equipped between piece (41), the fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate (51) and first polarization
The light transmission shaft of piece (41) is in 45 °, and the second quarter-wave plate is equipped between the second substrate (20) and second polarizing film (42)
(52), the light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate (52) and second polarizing film (42) is in 45 °, each pixel list
First (P) includes transmission area (T) and echo area (R), and the pixel electrode (23) is corresponding with transmission area (T), the second substrate
(20) echo area (R) that each pixel unit (P) is corresponded on is equipped with reflecting electrode (24), the first substrate (10) and second base
Wherein side is equipped with the auxiliary electrode (14) matched with the reflecting electrode (24) to plate (20)；
When applying preset voltage on the reflecting electrode (24) and the auxiliary electrode (14), the corresponding liquid crystal in echo area (R)
Layer (30) is equivalent to quarter-wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, which opens, at this time the pixel electrode
(23) do not apply voltage, which closes；When not applying voltage on the reflecting electrode (24) and the auxiliary electrode (14)
When, without phase delay, which closes the corresponding liquid crystal layer (30) in the echo area (R), at this time the pixel electrode (23) and
First public electrode (21) applies corresponding voltage, which opens.
2. it is according to claim 1 transmission and mirror surface can be switched display panel, which is characterized in that the transmission area (T) with
It is spaced apart between the echo area (R) by black matrix (11).
3. the display panel that transmission according to claim 1 and mirror surface can be switched, which is characterized in that the first substrate (10)
The alignment direction of side and the alignment direction of the second substrate (20) side are antiparallel, first quarter-wave plate (51)
The fast and slow axis of fast and slow axis and second quarter-wave plate (52) is parallel to each other.
4. the display panel that transmission according to claim 1 and mirror surface can be switched, which is characterized in that the reflecting electrode (24)
Run through a line pixel unit (P) and, the first substrate corresponding with multiple echo area (R) along scan line (1) direction
(10) region of the corresponding echo area (R) is transparent state.
5. the display panel that transmission according to claim 1 and mirror surface can be switched, which is characterized in that first public electrode
(21) it is located at different layers with the pixel electrode (23), which is whole face structure, which is
Comb electrode with slit.
6. the display panel that a kind of transmission and mirror surface can be switched, including first substrate (10), with the first substrate (10) with respect to setting
The second substrate (20) set and the liquid crystal layer (30) between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), this second
Substrate (20) is intersected on the side towards the liquid crystal layer (30) by multi-strip scanning line (1) and multiple data lines (2) mutually insulated
Restriction is formed multiple pixel units (P), and pixel electrode (23) and thin film transistor (TFT) (3), the picture are equipped in each pixel unit (P)
Plain electrode (23) is connected by the thin film transistor (TFT) (3) with corresponding scan line (1) and data line (2), the second substrate (20)
On be additionally provided with the first public electrode (21), be additionally provided with the second public electrode (15), the first substrate on the first substrate (10)
(10) the first polarizing film (41) are equipped in the side far from the liquid crystal layer (30), the second substrate (20) is far from the liquid crystal layer
(30) side is equipped with the second polarizing film (42), and the light transmission shaft of first polarizing film (41) and second polarizing film (42) mutually hangs down
Directly, which is characterized in that the first quarter-wave plate (51) are equipped between the first substrate (10) and first polarizing film (41), it should
The light transmission shaft of the fast and slow axis of first quarter-wave plate (51) and first polarizing film (41) is in 45 °, the second substrate (20) with
Between second polarizing film (42) be equipped with the second quarter-wave plate (52), the fast and slow axis of second quarter-wave plate (52) with
The light transmission shaft of second polarizing film (42) is in 45 °, and each pixel unit (P) includes transmission area (T) and echo area (R), the pixel
Electrode (23) is corresponding with transmission area (T), and the echo area (R) that each pixel unit (P) is corresponded in the second substrate (20) is set
There are reflecting electrode (24)；
When applying preset voltage on the reflecting electrode (24) and second public electrode (15), the echo area (R) is corresponding
Liquid crystal layer (30) is closed without phase delay, the echo area (R), and the pixel electrode (23) does not apply voltage at this time, the transmission area (T)
It opens；When not applying voltage on the reflecting electrode (24), the corresponding liquid crystal layer (30) in the echo area (R) is equivalent to a quarter
Wave plate and the phase delay with λ/4, the echo area (R) are opened, at this time the pixel electrode (23) and second public electrode
(15) apply corresponding voltage, which closes.
7. it is according to claim 6 transmission and mirror surface can be switched display panel, which is characterized in that the transmission area (T) with
It is spaced apart between the echo area (R) by black matrix (11).
8. the display panel that transmission according to claim 6 and mirror surface can be switched, which is characterized in that the first substrate (10)
The alignment direction of side and the alignment direction of the second substrate (20) side are mutually perpendicular to, first quarter-wave plate (51)
The fast and slow axis of fast and slow axis and second quarter-wave plate (52) is mutually perpendicular to.
9. the display panel that transmission according to claim 6 and mirror surface can be switched, which is characterized in that the reflecting electrode (24)
Run through a line pixel unit (P) and, the first substrate corresponding with multiple echo area (R) along scan line (1) direction
(10) region of the corresponding echo area (R) is transparent state.
10. a kind of vehicle mirrors, which is characterized in that the vehicle mirrors are such as the described in any item transmissions of claim 1-9
The display panel that can be switched with mirror surface.
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| CN112068340A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-11 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable viewing angles, display device and driving method |
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| CN114460774A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Reflection type geometric phase liquid crystal spatial light modulation method, system and storage medium |
| WO2022116162A1 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Mirror switching screen, method for manufacturing same, and display device |
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