CN110412764A - Head-up display and its design method - Google Patents
Head-up display and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110412764A CN110412764A CN201810398672.0A CN201810398672A CN110412764A CN 110412764 A CN110412764 A CN 110412764A CN 201810398672 A CN201810398672 A CN 201810398672A CN 110412764 A CN110412764 A CN 110412764A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/013—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising a combiner of particular shape, e.g. curvature
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
One head-up display, comprising: image source includes the imaging ray for showing information for emitting；Optical system, the imaging ray for issuing the image source is directed to the front glass of transport facility, and the imaging ray is reflected into the eyes of user so that user sees the virtual image comprising the display information on the front glass by the front glass；Auxiliary optical unit is arranged between the image source and the optical system, for adjusting the optical path of the imaging ray to amplify the virtual image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a photoelectric fields, in particular to a head-up display and its design method, wherein the head-up is aobvious
Show that device can meet simultaneously the requirement of small size big imaging, to improve the optical property of the head-up display.
Background technique
It looks squarely escope (HUD), hereinafter the head-up escope directly will be referred to HUD, HUD is a kind of logical
It crosses optical component and specific information is projected into the perspective plane on the head-up direction of personnel, so that personnel almost do not have to change
Become the equipment that eyes focal length can check front sight object and various specific projection information simultaneously.
With advances in technology and the development of HUD technology, more and more HUD are used in automotive field, are applied
Vehicle-mounted head-up escope is referred to as in the HUD on automobile.In general, vehicle-mounted HUD is embedded by the way of embedded
Into automobile, specifically, vehicle-mounted HUD is usually installed in below the windshield of automobile at an angle with mode, into
And by important on-vehicle information (such as speed, navigation routine, travel situations) projection imaging in front of the sight of driver, this
When, driver can know important on-vehicle information by the vehicle-mounted HUD when look straight ahead.Such side
Formula, can effectively avoid driver when driving due to bow check running information caused by dispersion attention etc. it is existing
As.
Specifically, driver needs the spiritual attention of high concentration when driving, driver is not only
Need intuitive route ahead, it is also noted that the vehicle condition at two sides and rear, in addition, driver also needs to check various rows
Driving situation of the vehicle information to draw oneself up.When driver bow the information such as the oil mass checked on instrumentation table, travel speed or
When other navigation informations of person, the attention of driver can be dispersed, at this point, the sight of driver does not rest on driving
In front of route, thus very likely cause traffic accident.In addition, driver must constantly replace the sight model of oneself
Enclose, and quickly identify and adapt in a short time different sight angles, this to the brain and eyesight of driver all
It is greatly to challenge, vehicle-mounted HUD can tentatively solve the problems, such as the driving.
However, there is also more or less defects by tradition HUD.Specifically, for the available void projected at a distance
Quasi- imaging, the volume of existing vehicle-mounted HUD is larger, however the HUD of large volume significantly limits HUD in automobile or other friendships again
Use in logical transporting equipment.In other words, traditional HUD includes an image source and an optical system, and the image source transmitting is at least
One carries the light beam of display information, and the light beam is shown in a display list after the optical system in the form of the virtual image
Member, wherein the size of the virtual image is related with the characteristic of the optical system.Specifically, the size of the virtual image and the light
Optical path of the beam in the optical system is related.Therefore, in order to obtain the virtual image of large area, the optical system is logical
Constant volume is larger, can just meet optical path of the light beam in the optical system.Alternatively, can also be by adjusting the picture
The size in source adjusts the size of the virtual image, and the size of the image source influences the size of the virtual image, this mode still needs
Increase the volume of the image source.Therefore whether increase the volume of the optical system or increase the volume of the image source, institute
The volume for stating traditional HUD all can correspondingly be increased.
However the large volume of the tradition HUD causes very big obstacle to the universal of tradition HUD.Firstly, working as institute
When stating traditional HUD and being arranged at an automobile, need to find the space of a corresponding tradition HUD volume in the car, to accommodate
The tradition HUD, this all proposes very big challenge to the installation of the tradition HUD and the use space of automobile.That is, the vapour
Vehicle must be provided with a sufficiently large space to accommodate the tradition HUD, however, the tradition HUD is generally placed in automobile
Console, and the space of the console of automobile is extremely limited.Secondly, traditional HUD of large volume also brings the installation of traditional HUD
A degree of trouble, operator need accurately to install the tradition HUD in effective installation space.Finally, big
Traditional HUD of volume also increases the manufacturing cost of the tradition HUD.
In conclusion the remote projection in order to realize virtual representation, the volume of the tradition HUD on the market at present
It is larger, however since the installation space of some transport facilitys is limited, therefore traditional HUD inconvenience of large volume is installed on these friendships
Logical means of transport, to limit the popularization and application of the tradition HUD.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the head-up display includes an auxiliary
Optical unit, the auxiliary optical unit adjusts the optical path of the head-up display, to amplify the void of the head-up display
Picture, in other words, the head-up display can show large area and the clearly virtual image.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the auxiliary optical unit amplification one is small
Image source is to obtain the virtual image of a large area, and in other words, the head-up display can meet the requirement of small size big imaging simultaneously.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the auxiliary optical unit be located at institute
It is adjustable to state the distance between previous element in the optical path of imaging ray, the head-up virtual image it is big
It is small to change in a certain range.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the auxiliary optical unit be located at institute
State the distance between the previous element in the optical path of imaging ray continuously adjustable, the head-up virtual image
Size can consecutive variations in a certain range, to obtain the different size of virtual image.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the auxiliary optical unit is implemented as
A series of function optical element, to improve the imaging effect of the head-up display, in other words, the head-up display has good
Good imaging performance.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the auxiliary optical unit increases backlight
Light-source brightness, the head-up display compare that traditional HUD is more energy saving, and the use cost of the head-up display is low.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, described in the auxiliary optical unit correction
The aberration of the aberration of head-up display, the head-up display is corrected, to obtain an excellent imaging effect.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display and its design method, the design method of the head-up display
It is easy to operate, it can be applied to traditional HUD of improvement polymorphic type, i.e., the design method use scope of the described head-up display is wide.
In order to realize that any of the above goal of the invention, the present invention provide head-up display one by one, comprising: image source, for emitting
Imaging ray comprising showing information；Optical system, the imaging ray for issuing the image source are directed to traffic fortune
On the front glass of defeated tool, and the imaging ray by the front glass be reflected into user eyes so that user before described
The virtual image comprising the display information is seen on glass；Auxiliary optical unit, setting the image source and the optical system it
Between, for adjusting the optical path of the imaging ray to amplify the virtual image.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray optical path on it is previous
A element is separated with a variable range, and the variable range is less than one times of focal length of the auxiliary optical unit.
In some embodiments, wherein the variable range changes in an adjustable extent.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray optical path on it is previous
The variable range consecutive variations between element, to realize the consecutive variations of the different multiplying of the virtual image.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit includes an at least optical element, and the optical element is complete
The amplification of the pairs of virtual image.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit includes one first optical element and one second optics
Element, first optical element and second optical element complete the amplification to the virtual image jointly.
In some embodiments, wherein the optical system includes an at least reflector element, and the reflector element reflects institute
State imaging ray.
In some embodiments, wherein the optical system includes that one first reflector element and one second reflection are single
Member, first reflector element and second reflector element reflect the imaging ray.The first optical element setting
Between the image source and first reflector element, second optical element be set to first reflector element with it is described
Between second reflector element.
In some embodiments, wherein the optical system is implemented as a Polyhedral rotating lens, and the Polyhedral rotating is saturating
Mirror is rotated to vary the projector distance and enlargement ratio of the imaging ray.
In some embodiments, wherein the optical system is implemented as a two-sided compound curved surface mirror, described two-sided compound
The surface of curved mirror has different curvature of curved surface.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit is through mode optical element.
In some embodiments, wherein the auxiliary optical unit is further used for correcting the aberration of the optical system.
In some embodiments, wherein the optical system includes at least one in plane mirror and free-form curved mirror
It is a.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the design method of a head-up display, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
An at least auxiliary optical unit is set between an image source and an optical system, wherein the auxiliary optical unit is set
It sets between the image source and the optical system, for adjusting the optical path of the imaging ray to amplify the virtual image, wherein
The optical system is used to for the imaging ray that the image source issues being directed to the front glass of transport facility, and it is described at
As light is reflected into the eyes of user so that user is seen on the front glass comprising display letter by the front glass
The virtual image of breath.
In some embodiments, wherein a setting at least auxiliary optical unit in an image source and an optical system it
Between the step of further include steps of
The auxiliary optical unit is set so that the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray optical path on
A variable range is formed between previous element, the variable range is less than one times of focal length of the auxiliary optical unit.
In some embodiments, wherein a setting at least auxiliary optical unit in an image source and an optical system it
Between the step of further include steps of
One first optical element and one second optical element are set, to adjust the optical path of the imaging ray jointly.
In some embodiments, wherein the step of one first optical element of the setting and second optical element into
One step the following steps are included:
One first reflector element is set, so that first optical element is placed in the image source and first reflection is single
Between member；And one second reflector element of setting, so that second optical element is placed in first reflector element and institute
It states between the second reflector element.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the practical application figure of the head-up display of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the application drawing of a traditional head-up display of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the light path schematic diagram of traditional head-up display based on Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the application drawing of the head-up display of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the light path schematic diagram of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the head-up display according to an equivalent embodiment of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Fig. 4
Application schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the light path schematic diagram of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the flat of another equivalent embodiment of the embodiment of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Fig. 4
Depending on the application schematic diagram of display.
Fig. 9 is the light path schematic diagram of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the application drawing of head-up display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 is that the optical path of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Figure 10 is shown
It is intended to.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the reflecting element according to the present invention based on Figure 10.
Figure 14 is the application drawing of head-up display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the optical path signal of the head-up display of the equivalent embodiment according to the present invention based on Figure 14
Figure.
Figure 16 is the application schematic diagram of head-up display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the light path schematic diagram of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Figure 16.
Figure 18 is the application schematic diagram of head-up display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the light path schematic diagram of the head-up display of the embodiment according to the present invention based on Figure 18.
Figure 20 to Figure 21 is the method flow schematic diagram of the design method of a head-up display according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is described below for disclosing the present invention so that those skilled in the art can be realized the present invention.It is excellent in being described below
Embodiment is selected to be only used as illustrating, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that other obvious modifications.It defines in the following description
Basic principle of the invention can be applied to other embodiments, deformation scheme, improvement project, equivalent program and do not carry on the back
Other technologies scheme from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in exposure of the invention, term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper",
The orientation or position of the instructions such as "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside"
Relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than
The device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore above-mentioned
Term is not considered as limiting the invention.
It is understood that term " one " is interpreted as " at least one " or " one or more ", i.e., in one embodiment,
The quantity of one element can be one, and in a further embodiment, the quantity of the element can be it is multiple, term " one " is no
It can be interpreted as the limitation to quantity.
As shown in Figures 2 to 3, a tradition head-up display 1P is applied to a transport facility 50P, by an image source
10P be shown as one can video 40P, and it is described can the position that facilitates personnel to check one video 40P be presented.Of the invention
In embodiment, it will be illustrated so that the transport facility 50P is implemented as an automobile as an example, but be familiar with the people of this technology
It should be understood that the transport facility 50P can be implemented as other vehicles such as steamer, aircraft, the present invention is in this respect
It is unrestricted.
As shown in Fig. 2, tradition head-up display 1P is arranged at a specific position of a vehicle, wherein the tradition head-up
Display 1P includes a image source 10P and optical system 20P, and the image source 10P, which is launched outward, carries display information
Optical path, the optical path one front glass 51P of directive after the optical system 20P, and the optical path is by the front glass 51P
It is obtained with a virtual image 42P by human eye after reflection, in this way, driving personnel can intuitively observe position when driving
The virtual image 42P in front of sight, to obtain the various information of current driving.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the working principle of traditional head-up display 1P is demonstrated.The image source 10P emits at least one one-tenth
As optical path, the imaging optical path finally arrives at the front glass 51P, the preceding glass after the effect of the optical system 20P
Glass 51P reflects the imaging optical path, so that the imaging optical path is finally demonstrated in the form of the virtual image 42P.It is worth mentioning
, the front glass 51P, and the shape on the front glass 51P are arrived at by the imaging optical path of the optical system 20P
At an optical path area 41P, the imaging beam for arriving at the optical path area 41P is reflected to enter human eye, and human eye will be observed at this time
To the virtual image 42P.Wherein the size of the image source 10P and the characteristic of the optical system 20P all directly affect the void
As the size of 42P.Specifically, the size of the virtual image 42P is related to the size of the image source 10P, and by the optics
The optical characteristics of system 20P influences.
In the case where not changing the image source 10P size, in order to obtain the virtual image 42P of larger area, the light
System 20P usually requires to be designed to biggish volume.However, the tradition head-up display 1P of large volume and being not suitable for
In practical application, in other words, the volumetric constraint of the tradition head-up display 1P traditional head-up display 1P's is universal
Using.
In order to solve the problems, such as that the tradition head-up device 1P cannot be considered in terms of small size big imaging, it is aobvious that the present invention provides a head-up
Show device 1, when the head-up display 1 is applied to a transport facility 50, the head-up display 1 can by small image source at
The virtual image as being a large area, in other words, the head-up display 1 can meet the requirement of small size big imaging simultaneously.
Specifically, the head-up display 1 includes an image source 10, an optical system 20 and an auxiliary optical unit
30, wherein the image source 10 is applied to imaging ray of the transmitting at least one comprising display information, the optical system 20 is by institute
It states imaging ray to be directed on a front glass 51 of the transport facility 50, and the imaging ray can be by the preceding glass
Glass 51 is reflected into human eye, so that personnel can see in the front position on the front glass 51 shows the one of information comprising described
The virtual image 42, the auxiliary optical unit 30 are arranged between the image source 10 and the optical system 20, with adjust it is described at
As light, to amplify the virtual image 42.The auxiliary optical unit 30 and the optical system 20 form an optics group 2.
In order to enable the image source 10 can be shown as the virtual image 42, the auxiliary optical list by the head-up display 1
A variable range 300 is defined between the previous element that member 30 is located in the optical path of the imaging ray, wherein the variable range
300 are less than one times of focal length of the auxiliary optical unit 30.
At this what is particularly worth mentioning is that, optical system at the requirement of the virtual image be meet object distance less than one times of focus of lens away from
From.In the head-up display 1, the image source 10 is implemented as an imaging object, is in the optical path of the imaging ray
The auxiliary optical unit previous element, therefore the variable-distance between the image source 10 and the auxiliary optical unit 30
From the object distance for being implemented as presently described auxiliary optical unit.The focal length of the auxiliary optical unit 30 is implemented as working as
The focal length of the preceding lens.
The auxiliary optical unit 30 is implemented as the optical element of a compressible imaging ray optical path, in the present invention
Embodiment in, the auxiliary optical unit 30 is implemented as an at least through mode optical element.The auxiliary optical unit 30
Amplify the virtual image 42 by way of compressing the imaging ray optical path.
Specifically, the image source 10 emits the imaging ray to 30 direction of auxiliary optical unit, wherein described
Imaging ray includes a series of display information, and the display information can be implemented as speed, navigation, a series of correlations such as vehicle condition
Content, be familiar with this technology people should be understood that it is described display information display content be not restricted by the present invention, institute
It states display information or even can be displayed as entertainment information, the communication information etc., the display information.
The imaging ray arrives at the auxiliary optical unit 30, and the auxiliary optical unit 30 compresses the imaging ray
Optical path, so that the imaging ray optical path emits after being compressed to the optical system 20.It is noted that described
In the case that the size of image source 10 is constant, the size of the virtual image 42 is related to the optical path in the optics group 2.Thus may be used
Know, after the auxiliary optical unit 30 compresses the imaging ray optical path, the imaging ray can pass through in the optics group 2
A longer optical path is crossed, and does not need to increase the overall volume of the optics group 2.
It is noted that told auxiliary optical unit 30 can also amplify the diverging of the imaging ray to a certain extent
Angle, so that the propagation angle of the imaging ray becomes larger in an allowed band, by this method, further described in amplification
The virtual image 42.
The imaging ray optical path compressed by the auxiliary optical unit 30 arrives at the optical system 20, the optics
System 20 changes the optical path direction and other optical path characteristics of the imaging ray, so that the imaging optical path is reflected onto
The front glass 51, and finally obtained in the form of the virtual image 42 by human eye.
Specifically, being reflected onto the one of the front glass 51 by the imaging ray that the optical system 20 reflects
Optical path area 41, as shown in figure 5, being reflected onto the imaging ray in the optical path area 41 in the form of the virtual image 42 by human eye
It obtains.
It is noted that due to the compressible imaging ray optical path of the auxiliary optical unit 30, thus described
The volume of head-up display 10 and traditional head-up display 10P have no in too cataclysmal situation, the head-up display
42 area of the virtual image of 10 displays is greater than the area for the virtual image 42P that the traditional monitor 10P is shown.In other words, institute
The virtual image 42 for stating the display of head-up display 1 is amplified by the auxiliary optical unit 30, and the head-up display 1
Volume do not need to increase too much.
In addition, the auxiliary optical unit 30 include an at least optical element, that is, the auxiliary optical unit 30 it is described
The quantity of optical element is not restricted by.Analogously, the optical system 20 includes an at least reflecting element, that is, the light
The quantity of the reflecting element of system 20 is not restricted by.In other words, the head-up display 1 can be implemented as an optics
The combination of element and multiple groups reflecting element, the combination of a reflecting element and multiple groups optical element and multiple groups optical element
And the combination of multiple groups reflecting element.In an embodiment of the present invention, it will illustrate multiple groups optical element with two groups of optical elements
Specific embodiment, two groups of reflecting elements illustrate the specific embodiment mode of multiple groups reflecting element, but are familiar with this technology
People should be understood that the present invention mentions refer to two panels or multi-disc, the present invention is unrestricted in this regard.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the optical system 20 includes one first reflecting element 21 and one second reflecting element 22,
Wherein first reflecting element 21 and second reflecting element 22 reflect the imaging ray, and first reflection
Element 21 and second reflecting element 22 are spaced each other, to reflect the imaging ray in different directions.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary optical unit 30 is arranged at first reflecting element 21 and the image source
Between 10, the image source 10 emits the imaging ray along the direction of the auxiliary optical unit 30.The wherein imaging
Line, which carries, needs display information to be shown.The imaging ray is first anti-described in directive after being compressed by the auxiliary optical unit 30
Penetrate element 21.It is worth noting that, the imaging ray is by described the when the optical system 20 includes multiple reflecting elements
Second reflecting element 22 is arrived at again after the reflection of one reflecting element 21, and the imaging ray is then by second reflecting element
22 reflex to the front glass 51.
The setting position of first reflecting element 21 and second reflecting element 22 is arranged according to actual conditions, from
And make the imaging ray that can reflex to the front glass 51 by the optical system 20.Certainly, the optical system 20 can
A reflecting element is only included, after the imaging ray that the image source 10 emits is compressed by the auxiliary optical unit 30, then is passed through
It crosses the optical system 20 and is reflected onto the front glass 51, as shown in Figure 6.
Certainly, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the auxiliary optical unit 30 further comprise one first optical element 31 and
One second optical element 32, first optical element 31 and second optical element 32 are completed to the virtual image 42 jointly
Amplification.First optical element 31 and second optical element 32 can play the amplification to the virtual image 42 simultaneously,
It can also second optical element 31 or individually amplification of the completion to the virtual image 42 of second optical element 32.It is described auxiliary
Help the number amount and type of the optical element of optical unit 30 also unrestricted, the present invention is unrestricted in this regard.
In this embodiment, the optical system 20 includes first reflecting element 21 and second reflecting element
22, at this point, first optical element 31 is arranged between the image source 10 and first reflecting element 21, described
Two optical elements 32 are arranged between first reflecting element 21 and second reflecting element 22, thus described in composition
Head-up display 1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the image source 10 emits the imaging ray towards first optical element 31,
The imaging ray arrives at first reflecting element 21, first reflector after being compressed by first optical element 31 again
Part 21 reflects the imaging ray to second optical element 32, second optical element 32 can further compress it is described at
As light, the further compressed imaging ray arrives at the front glass after the reflection of second reflecting element 21
51.It is noted that first optical element 31 and second optical element 32 compress the imaging ray jointly,
So that the virtual image 42 is doubled with bigger multiplying power.Certainly, first optical element 31 and second optics
Element 32 can individually or fully compress the imaging ray, and the present invention is in this respect with no restrictions.
In addition it is noted that when the image source 10 is implemented as a fixed size, the times magnification of the virtual image 42
Rate depends not only on the quantity and type of optical element described in the auxiliary optical unit 30, additionally depends on the optics member
The position of part.
Specifically, the enlargement ratio of the virtual image 42 is related to the variable range 300.From the foregoing, it will be observed that when described flat
When the image source 10 being enlarged into the virtual image 42 depending on the needs of display 1, the variable range 300 is less than the auxiliary optical list
The size of one times of focal length of member 30.When the auxiliary optical unit 30 includes first optical element 31 and described the
When two optical elements 32, first optical element 31 and second optical element 32 can be respectively as independent auxiliary
Optical unit can similarly obtain, the variable range of first optical element be less than one times of focus of first optical element away from
From size, the variable range of second optical element is less than one times of focal length of second optical element.And it is described
Variable range each means first optical element/second optical element and the preceding unitary in the optical path for being located at the imaging ray
The distance between part.
Within the scope of the imaging requirements, the variation of the variable range 300 will affect the size of the virtual image 42.It is specific and
Speech, in some embodiments, the auxiliary optical unit 30 and the previous element in the optical path for being located at the imaging ray are (described
Image source 10 or first reflector element 21) between the variable range 300 that is formed change in a certain range.Herein, institute
It states a certain range and refers to the range for meeting the virtual image forming of the head-up display 1, that is, the variable range 300 is small one
It is changed in the range of the focal length of the auxiliary optical unit 30.
In some embodiments, the auxiliary optical unit 30 and the preceding unitary in the optical path of the imaging ray
The relative position variable of part (image source 10 or first reflector element 21), i.e., the described variable range 300 is in certain model
Enclose interior variation.The variation of the variable range 300 can by the position of the movement auxiliary optical unit 30, or it is mobile described in
Image source 10 perhaps the position of first reflector element 21 or moves the image source 10 or first reflector element simultaneously
21 and the position of the auxiliary optical unit 30 complete.
The head-up display 1 can further comprise a regulating element, and the regulating element adjusts the auxiliary optical list
The phase of member 30 and the previous element (image source 10 or first reflector element 21) in the optical path for being located at the imaging ray
To position, to adjust the variable range 300.In an embodiment of the present invention, the regulating element is adjusted in a certain range
The position of the auxiliary optical unit 30 is saved, completing the adjusting to the variable range 300, adjusts the void by this method
As 42 size.In this embodiment, 42 size of the virtual image of the head-up display 1 can be by adjusting the regulating element come complete
At 42 size of the virtual image of the head-up display 1 can be conditioned according to the actual situation.
It is that in some embodiments of the invention, the variable range 300 is continuous in a certain range to be become with being worth mentioning
Change, the virtual image 42 of the corresponding particular size of each variable range 300.In these embodiments, the variable range 300 can
Consecutive variations, so that the size of the virtual image 42 also consecutive variations in a certain range.In other words, the auxiliary optical list
First 30 achievable continuous zooms to the virtual image 42.
In addition, it is noted that in some embodiments of the invention, the auxiliary optical unit 30 is implemented as one
Through mode optical element, the through mode optical element compress the imaging ray, so that the display of the image source 10 is described
The virtual image 42 is amplified.The optical system 20 is implemented as one kind or combinations thereof of the plane mirror or free-form curved mirror.
It is noted that the auxiliary optical unit 30 can be implemented as the optical element of any other compressible optical path, the light
The type of system 20 is also unrestricted.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the head-up display 1 can realize the zoom of the virtual image 42, or even it can realize the virtual image 42
Continuous zoom.In some embodiments, the zoom of the virtual image 42 is realized by changing the variable range 300.At other
In embodiment, the zoom of the virtual image 42 is realized by changing the type of the auxiliary optical unit 30.In some embodiments,
The zoom of the virtual image 42 can be realized by changing the optical system 20.
As shown in Figure 10, the optical system 20A reflects the imaging ray to the front glass 51A, the virtual image 42A
Size it is also related to optical path of the imaging ray in the optical system 20A.Specifically, the optical system
The setting of 20A will affect size and the position of the optical region 400A.In one embodiment of this invention, therefore tune can be passed through
The type of the optical system 20A is saved, to change the size of the virtual image 42.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the optical system 20A include the first reflecting element 21A with
And described in the second reflecting element 22A, the first reflecting element 21A and the second reflecting element 22A reflect jointly
Imaging ray is to the front glass 51A.At this point, the auxiliary optical unit 30A be arranged at the first reflecting element 21A with
Between the image source 10A, to compress the imaging ray.Certainly, the people for being familiar with this technology should be understood that the optical system
20A may include a reflecting element or more reflecting elements.The auxiliary optical unit 30A can also only include an optical element
Or more optical elements, the present invention are unrestricted in this regard.The present embodiment is only used as one for example, and not as this hair
Bright limitation.
In this embodiment, the first reflecting element 21A is implemented as a Polyhedral rotating lens, and the Polyhedral rotating is saturating
Mirror can rotate in a certain range, to adjust the imaging ray.Specifically, as is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, by the auxiliary
The imaging ray of optical unit 30A compression arrives at the first reflecting element 21A, the first reflecting element 21A reflection
The imaging ray is to the second reflecting element 22A.Since the first reflecting element 21A is rotatable, so that by institute
The propagation optical path for stating the imaging ray of the first reflecting element 21A reflection can be selected.
It is noted that the first reflecting element 21A is implemented with different curvature of curved surface, so that institute
State the first reflecting element 21A it is every by rotation one special angle when, the imaging ray is reflected with different optical paths.
In one embodiment of this invention, the first reflecting element 21A is implemented as a two-sided compound free-form curved mirror
21A, the two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A are rotated to adjust the propagation optical path of the imaging ray.Such as Figure 11 to Figure 12
It is shown, when the two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A is rotated into the first semi-surface or the second semi-surface reception imaging
When line, the imaging ray for arriving at the two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A is reflected onto the second radiated element 22A,
It is noted that the curvature of curved surface of the two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A influences the propagation path of the imaging ray.
The two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A is implemented with different curvature of curved surface, therefore works as the imaging ray
When arriving at different curved surfaces, the imaging ray is reflected with different optical paths.As shown in figure 13, described two-sided compound freely bent
Face mirror 21A includes one first semi-surface 211A and one second semi-surface 212A, and the one the of the surface the first semi-surface 211A
One curvature of curved surface 2111A is different from the one second curvature of curved surface 2121A on the surface the second semi-surface 212A.At this point, described flat
180 ° can be rotated by controlling the two-sided compound free-form curved mirror 21A depending on display 1A, for different road conditions and other not
Same actual needs is rotated to different semi-surfaces, so that the virtual image 42A is adjusted to suitable enlargement ratio.
Certainly, the relay lens 21A can be implemented as the compound free-form curved mirror in three faces, on four sides compound free-form curved mirror,
Or the compound free-form curved mirror of other multi-panels.The relay lens 21A is rotated to select the imaging ray by which half song
Face receives and reflects, to adjust the enlargement ratio of the virtual image 42A.It is answered when the relay lens 21A is implemented as three face
When closing free-form curved mirror, the compound free-form curved mirror in three faces rotates 120 °, when the relay lens 21A is implemented as four sides again
Free-form curved mirror is closed, the compound free-form curved mirror in four sides is rotated by 90 °, and so on.But the people for being familiar with this technology should be bright
White, the type and structure of the relay lens 21A is not restricted by.
In addition, it is noted that the auxiliary optical unit 30 can not only amplify the virtual image 42, the auxiliary optical
Unit 30 can also be implemented as a series of function optical element, to improve the image quality of the head-up display 1.Change speech
It, the auxiliary optical unit 30 can not only amplify the virtual image 42, while can also improve the image quality of the virtual image 42.
As shown in figure 14, the auxiliary optical unit 30B is implemented as a diffraction optical element 30B, the diffraction optics
Element 30B is arranged between the image source 10B and the optical system 20B, and the diffraction optical element 30B can not only be pressed
Contract the imaging ray optical path, and at the same time, the diffraction optical element 30B can increase the brightness of image of the virtual image 42B, increases
Strong back light brightness reduces backlight power, so that the head-up display 1B is more energy saving.
Certainly, in one embodiment of any of the above, the auxiliary optical unit 30B can be implemented as the diffraction optics
Element 30B, the function that the diffraction optical element 30B compresses the imaging ray optical path is not repeated herein, in the present embodiment
In, the diffraction optical element 30B increases the brightness of image of the virtual image 42B.
When the auxiliary optical unit 30B is implemented as the diffraction optical element 30B, the diffraction optical element
Imaging ray described in 30B diffraction reduces backlight power, so that institute to enhance the back light brightness of the virtual image 42B
It is more energy saving to state head-up display 1B.Certain auxiliary optical unit 30B also may be implemented as other kinds of having diffraction function
Diffractive part, such as diffraction component etc., the application to the type of diffractive part with no restriction.
In another embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary optical unit 30C is implemented as an optical spherical lens 30C,
The optical spherical lens 30C is arranged between the image source 10C and the optical system 20C, and the optical spherical surface is saturating
The mirror 30C not only compressible imaging ray optical path, at the same time, the optical spherical lens 30C can preferably correct described
The aberrations such as astigmatism, the distortion of optical system 20C.At this point, the optical spherical lens 30C is implemented as a compensating element, it is described
Optical spherical lens 30C compensates Aberration Problem caused by the optical system 20C, thus improve the virtual image 42C at image quality
Amount.
Certainly, in one embodiment of any of the above, the auxiliary optical unit 30C can be implemented as the optical spherical surface
Lens 30C, the function that the optical spherical lens 30C compresses the imaging ray are not repeated herein, in the present embodiment, institute
Optical spherical lens 30C is stated by compensating the aberration of the optical system 20C to improve the image quality of the virtual image 42C.
It is noted that the optical characteristics of the optical spherical lens 30C is set according to the optical system 20C,
In other words, the imaging ray is inevitably generated different degrees of aberration in the optical system 20C, in some implementations
In example, the optical system 20C can cause largely image planes aberration problems, in further embodiments, the optical system
System 20C can cause largely astigmatism problem etc..Different according to the type of the optical system 20C, the optical spherical surface is saturating
Mirror 30C is implemented as different types.
The optical spherical lens 30C improves the image quality of the optical system 20C, so that the virtual image 42C
It is demonstrated in the form of clearer.Therefore when the auxiliary optical unit 30C is implemented as the optical spherical lens 30C, institute
A large area and the clearly virtual image 42C can be imaged as the image source 10C of a small area by stating auxiliary optical unit 30C.
Also, the volume of the head-up display 1C can keep lesser variation, so that the head-up display 1C can be simultaneous simultaneously
Care for the effect of small size and good imaging.
It is worth noting that, the auxiliary optical unit 20 may include the diffraction optical element 20B and the optics
One kind or combinations thereof of spherical lens 20C.Certainly, the auxiliary optical unit 20 can also be implemented as other function element, this
It invents unrestricted in this regard.
In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the setting position of the head-up display 1 and the head-up display 1
The setting position of internal element is unrestricted, and the image source 10 of the head-up display 1 emits an at least imaging ray, institute
It states imaging ray and arrives at the front glass 51 after the effect of the optical system 20 and the auxiliary optical unit 30, most
Eventually, the imaging ray is presented in the form of the virtual image 42.It is noted that in the present invention, the head-up display
Device 1 is arranged at an automobile, and the imaging ray arrives at the front glass 51 and is demonstrated.However, the front glass 51 can be by reality
Air dielectric can be implemented as any display unit or even the front glass 51 by applying.Similarly, the automobile can also be implemented as
Any other transport facility, the present invention are unrestricted in this regard.
In order to further reduce the volume of the head-up display 1, the setting of the image source 10 and the optics group 2
It can be conditioned, specifically, the setting form of the head-up display 1 can be conditioned according to the actual situation.
In one embodiment of this invention, the head-up display 1D is arranged at an automobile 50D, specifically, described
Head-up display 1D is arranged at the console of the automobile 50D, in order to make full use of the surplus of the console horizontal space,
To avoid the limitation of front and back depth space, the head-up display 1D is implemented as an oblique formula head-up display 1D, described oblique
The lateral position of the console is arranged to the image source 10D and the optics group 2D of formula head-up display 1D, with
The head-up display 1D is further reduced in the occupied space of the transport facility 50D, and makes full use of installation
The area size in space.
Specifically, the optical system 20D includes one first reflecting element 21D and one second reflecting element 22D, institute
It states auxiliary optical unit 30D to be arranged between the first reflecting element 21D and the image source 10D, to amplify the virtual image
42D.It is noted that when the head-up display 1D is implemented as an oblique formula head-up display 1D, the image source
10D, the auxiliary optical unit 30D and the first reflecting element 21D, the second reflector element 22D are arranged at one laterally
Horizontal plane in, it is worth mentioning at this point that, the front glass 51D is set the top of the horizontal plane at this time, and with the water
Certain tilt angle is presented in plane.
The imaging ray of the image source 10D transmitting laterally arrives at the auxiliary optical component 30D, the auxiliary optical
After element 30D compresses the imaging ray, the compressed imaging ray is advanced described in arrival according to original transmitting route
First reflecting element 21D, the first reflecting element 21D reflects the imaging ray to the second reflecting element 22D.
It is especially noted that the auxiliary optical unit 30D is laterally arranged due to the image source 10D, described first
Reflecting element 21D is provided having certain inclination angle, arrives at the imaging ray of the first reflecting element 21D in transverse direction
Horizontal plane on reflected, arrive at the second reflecting element 22D.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the design method of a head-up display 1, wherein the head-up
The design method of display 1 the following steps are included:
S: a setting at least auxiliary optical unit 30 is between an image source 10 and an optical system 20, wherein the fill-in light
It learns unit 30 to be arranged between the image source 10 and the optical system 20, for adjusting the imaging ray of the image source 10
Optical path to amplify the virtual image 42, wherein the optical system 20 is used to the light that the image source 10 issues being directed to traffic
On the front glass 51 of means of transport 50, and the light is reflected into the eyes of user by the front glass 51, so that user exists
The virtual image 42 comprising the display information is seen on the front glass.
In order to enable the image source 10 can be shown as the virtual image 42, the auxiliary optical list by the head-up display 1
A variable range 300, the auxiliary optical list are defined between member 30 and the previous element in the optical path of the imaging ray
Member 30 and the image source 10 form an optics group 2, and the variable range 300 is less than one times of coke of the optics auxiliary unit 30
Point distance.At this, what is particularly worth mentioning is that, optical system is to need to meet object distance less than one times of coke of lens at the requirement of the virtual image
Point distance.In the head-up display 1, the image source 10 is implemented as an imaging object, is the light positioned at the imaging ray
The previous element of the auxiliary optical unit of road, therefore described between the image source 10 and the auxiliary optical unit 30 can
Displacement is from the object distance for being implemented as presently described head-up display.The focal length of auxiliary optical unit 30 is implemented as currently
The focal length of the lens.
In other words, the step S is further included steps of
S1: being arranged the auxiliary optical unit 30 and the image source 10, so that the auxiliary optical unit 30 and the picture
A variable range 300 is formed between source 10, wherein the variable range 300 is less than one times of focus of the auxiliary optical unit 30
Distance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the variable range 300 consecutive variations in a certain range, each variable-distance
The virtual image 42 from a 300 corresponding particular sizes.In these embodiments, the variable range 300 can consecutive variations, thus
So that the size of the virtual image 42 also consecutive variations in a certain range.In other words, the auxiliary optical unit 30 is achievable right
The continuous zoom of the virtual image 42.
In addition it is noted that the head-up display 1 can be implemented as an optical element and multiple groups reflecting element
Combination, the combination of a reflecting element and multiple groups optical element and the group of multiple groups optical element and multiple groups reflecting element
It closes.The people for being familiar with this technology should be understood that the present invention mentioned refers to that two panels or multi-disc, the present invention are not received in this respect more
Limitation.
Therefore in some embodiments, the step S1 is further included steps of
S11: one first optical element 31 of setting and one second optical element 32, to adjust the imaging ray jointly
Optical path.
S12: setting one first reflector element 21 so that first optical element 31 be placed in the image source 10 with it is described
Between first reflector element 21；And one second optical element 22 of setting so that second optical element 32 be placed in it is described
Between first reflector element 21 and second reflector element 22, in addition in some embodiments, the optical system 20 can be only
Including one first reflecting element 21 and one second reflecting element 22, wherein first reflecting element 21 and described second is instead
It penetrates element 22 and reflects the imaging ray, and first reflecting element 21 and second reflecting element 22 are to each other
Every to reflect the imaging ray in different directions.
In addition, the head-up display 1 can realize the zoom of the virtual image 42, or even it can realize the continuous of the virtual image 42
Zoom.In some embodiments, the zoom of the virtual image 42 is realized by changing the variable range 300.In other implementations
In example, the zoom of the virtual image 42 is realized by changing the type of the auxiliary optical unit 30.In some embodiments, described
The zoom of the virtual image 42 can be realized by changing the optical system 20.
It is noted that the auxiliary optical unit 30 can not only amplify the virtual image 42, the auxiliary optical unit
30 can also be implemented as a series of function optical element, to improve the image quality of the head-up display 1.In other words, institute
The virtual image 42 can be amplified by stating auxiliary optical unit 30 not only, while can also improve the image quality of the virtual image 42.For example, In
In some embodiments, the auxiliary optical component 20 is implemented as a diffraction optical element.In further embodiments, described auxiliary
Optical element 20 is helped to be implemented as an optical spherical lens.The deformation of the type and structure of the head-up display 1 is above
Embodiment in be described, details are not described herein.
In conclusion forming the head-up display by adding an auxiliary optical unit 30 in traditional head-up display 1P
Device 1, the auxiliary optical unit 30 adjust the optical path of the head-up display 1 to amplify the virtual image 42 of the head-up display 1,
In other words, the head-up display 1 can show large area and the clearly virtual image 42.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that foregoing description and the embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings are only used as illustrating
And it is not intended to limit the present invention.The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved.Function and structural principle of the invention exists
It shows and illustrates in embodiment, under without departing from the principle, embodiments of the present invention can have any deformation or modification.
Claims (22)
1. a head-up display, comprising:
Image source includes the imaging ray for showing information for emitting；
Optical system, the imaging ray for issuing the image source are directed to the front glass of transport facility, and
The imaging ray is reflected into the eyes of user so that user is seen on the front glass comprising described by the front glass
Show the virtual image of information；
Auxiliary optical unit is arranged between the image source and the optical system, for adjusting the optical path of the imaging ray
To amplify the virtual image.
2. head-up display according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray
Previous element in optical path is separated with a variable range, the variable range be less than one times of focus of the auxiliary optical unit away from
From.
3. head-up display according to claim 2, wherein the variable range changes in an adjustable extent.
4. head-up display according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray
The variable range consecutive variations between previous element in optical path, to realize the continuous change of the different multiplying of the virtual image
Change.
5. head-up display according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary optical unit includes an at least optical element,
The optical element completes the amplification to the virtual image.
6. head-up display according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary optical unit includes one first optical element,
And one second optical element, first optical element and second optical element are completed to put the virtual image jointly
Greatly.
7. head-up display according to claim 2, wherein the optical system includes an at least reflector element, described
Reflector element reflects the imaging ray.
8. head-up display according to claim 6, wherein the optical system includes one first reflector element, and
One second reflector element, first reflector element and second reflector element reflect the imaging ray；Described first
Optical element is set between the image source and first reflector element, and it is anti-that second optical element is set to described first
It penetrates between unit and second reflector element.
9. head-up display according to claim 7, wherein the optical system includes one first reflector element, and
One second reflector element, first reflector element and second reflector element reflect the imaging ray.
10. according to claim 1 to 9 any head-up displays, wherein the optical system is implemented as multi-panel rotation
Turn lens, the Polyhedral rotating lens are rotated to vary the projector distance and enlargement ratio of the imaging ray.
11. head-up display according to claim 10, wherein the optical system is implemented as a two-sided compound curved surface
The surface of mirror, the two-sided compound curved surface mirror has different curvature of curved surface.
12. according to claim 1 to 9 any head-up displays, wherein the auxiliary optical unit is further used for school
The aberration of the just described optical system.
13. according to claim 1 to 9 any head-up displays, wherein the auxiliary optical unit is through mode optics
Element.
14. according to claim 1 to 9 any head-up displays, wherein the optical system include plane mirror and
At least one of free-form curved mirror.
15. the design method of a head-up display, which comprises the following steps:
An at least auxiliary optical unit is set between an image source and an optical system, wherein auxiliary optical unit setting exists
Between the image source and the optical system, for adjusting the optical path of the imaging ray to amplify the virtual image, wherein described
Optical system is used to for the imaging ray that the image source issues being directed to the front glass of transport facility, and the imaging
Line is reflected into the eyes of user so that user is seen on the front glass comprising the display information by the front glass
The virtual image.
16. the design method of head-up display according to claim 15, wherein a setting at least auxiliary optical list
The step of member is between an image source and an optical system further includes steps of
The auxiliary optical unit is set so that the auxiliary optical unit be located at the imaging ray optical path on it is previous
A variable range is formed between element, the variable range is less than one times of focal length of the auxiliary optical unit.
17. the design method of head-up display according to claim 16, wherein the variable range is in an adjustable extent
Interior consecutive variations.
18. the design method of head-up display according to claim 16, wherein a setting at least auxiliary optical list
The step of member is between an image source and an optical system further includes steps of
One first optical element and one second optical element are set, to adjust the optical path of the imaging ray jointly.
19. the design method of head-up display according to claim 18, wherein one first optical element of the setting
And the step of second optical element, further includes steps of
One first reflector element is set so that first optical element be placed in the image source and first reflector element it
Between；And one second reflector element of setting, so that second optical element is placed in first reflector element and described the
Between two reflector elements.
20. the design method of 5 to 19 any head-up displays according to claim 1, wherein the optical system includes
At least one of plane mirror and free-form curved mirror.
21. the design method of 5 to 19 any head-up displays according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is by reality
It applies as a two-sided compound free-form curved mirror.
22. the design method of 5 to 19 any head-up displays according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary optical unit
It is through mode optical element.
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| CN201810398672.0A CN110412764A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Head-up display and its design method |
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| CN201810398672.0A CN110412764A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Head-up display and its design method |
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| WO2021212897A1 (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Desktop display apparatus and electronic device |
| CN114200675A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-18 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Display method and device, head-up display system and vehicle |
| CN114967150A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 海信集团控股股份有限公司 | Vehicle and method for determining optical free-form surface |
| US11970060B2 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2024-04-30 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Head-up display and means of transportation comprising a head-up display |
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Application publication date: 20191105 |