CN110411821B - Test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under earthquake - Google Patents
Test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under earthquake Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under an earthquake, which comprises: soil body box, section steel frame, limiting device and actuator; the soil body box is fixed on the profile steel frame, and the bottom plate of the soil body box is divided into two parts, namely a movable steel plate and a fixed steel plate; the periphery of the movable steel plate is movable. The top of the actuator is contacted with the middle part of the lower surface of the movable steel plate; the movable steel plate plays a role in bearing and pushing the soil under the pushing of the actuator. And the two sides of the movable steel plate are respectively provided with a limiting device, and the limiting devices are used for limiting the movable steel plate to be lifted by a certain angle and track when being lifted by the actuator, so as to simulate the lifting of the upper disc soil body of the earthquake middle reverse fault. The invention has the advantages that: the error is within a controllable range. The experimental phenomenon is obvious, the operation is repeatable and strong, the experimental result is practically consistent with the previous research and experience, the basis can be provided for the avoidance and fracture-resistant design construction of the building in the strong earthquake fracture area, and the casualties and the property loss are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake simulation tests, in particular to a test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under an earthquake.
Background
The strong earthquake ground surface fracture effect is a phenomenon that fracture zones are transmitted to the ground surface under the action of earthquake fault dislocation, and damage and even collapse are caused to the ground surface and nearby building structures. Fault dislocation can cause deformation of an upper earth covering layer, deformation of the earth layer can threaten stability of a foundation of a building (structure) built on the upper earth covering layer, and the building needs to avoid or resist fracture. Therefore, the research on the fault dislocation caused by the fracture development of the upper earth covering layer and the foundation destruction mechanism of the building near the fault has important engineering practical value and scientific significance. The model test is an important research means.
At present, a common test device for simulating fault dislocation mainly uses a small-sized servo motor as a loading device, and has respective technical defects: (1) The loading device at the bottom of the simulation box body has smaller load power, and cannot well complete large-size and large-scale fault tests; (2) The model box is difficult to realize balanced and even dislocation in the loading process technically, so that the accuracy of a test result is low; (3) Many test simulation boxes are small in size, and cannot better reproduce the real cracking condition of the upper earth covering body under fault dislocation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test device for simulating the reverse fault surface fracture deformation under an earthquake, and solves the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test device for simulating reverse fault surface fracture deformation in an earthquake, comprising: the device comprises a counterforce floor, a soil body box, a profile steel frame, a limiting device and an actuator;
the soil body box is a rectangular container and is used for accommodating soil; the soil body box is fixed on the section steel frame, and the bottom of the section steel frame is fixed on the counter-force floor;
the bottom plate of the soil body box is divided into a movable steel plate and a fixed steel plate; the periphery of the movable steel plate is movable and is flexibly connected with gaps at the adjacent sides of the periphery by canvas, so that the falling of soil in the loading process is avoided.
The actuator is arranged in the section steel frame, under the soil box, the bottom of the actuator is fixed on the counter-force floor, and the top of the actuator contacts with the middle part of the lower surface of the movable steel plate; the movable steel plate plays a role in bearing and pushing the soil under the pushing of the actuator.
And the two sides of the movable steel plate are respectively provided with a limiting device, and the limiting devices are used for limiting the movable steel plate to be lifted by a certain angle and track when being lifted by the actuator, so as to simulate the lifting of the upper disc soil body of the earthquake middle reverse fault.
Further, the limiting device consists of an angle adjusting device and a guiding device, the angle adjusting device is welded and fixed on the profile steel frame, the position of the angle adjusting device is located below two sides of the movable steel plate, and the guiding device is connected with the angle adjusting device through two bolts.
The angle adjusting device is a square steel plate with the thickness of 30mm, two opposite angles of the angle adjusting device are respectively provided with a group of screw holes, and the angle control is performed by the principle that one straight line is determined through different two-point screw holes.
The guide device consists of a steel cylinder with a hollow rectangular body and a steel sliding block capable of sliding in the steel cylinder. The steel cylinder side is equipped with two screw to two bolt fixed connection are on angle adjusting device's screw, and the upper end of slider is articulated fixedly with movable steel plate lower surface, and the steel cylinder is used for making the slider form ascending orbit, has restrained movable steel plate's lifting angle and orbit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the movable steel plate can synchronously rise at a certain angle under the constraint of the guide device, and the error is within a controllable range. The experimental phenomenon is obvious, the operation is repeated and strong, and the experimental result is practically consistent with the previous research and experience. The device is used for carrying out a large number of working condition tests and data analysis, can have a certain in-depth study on soil deformation near reverse faults, especially the damage phenomenon and mechanism of buildings, can provide basis for building avoidance and fracture-resistant design construction of strong earthquake fracture areas, and reduces casualties and property loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a soil box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an angle adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a steel cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of an embodiment steel cylinder of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1 is a soil body box, 2 is a section steel frame, 3 is a limiting device, 4 is an actuator, 5 is a movable steel plate, 6 is a fixed steel plate, 7 is an angle adjusting device, 8 is a guiding device, 9 is a steel cylinder, and 10 is a sliding block.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the invention more apparent.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a test device for simulating reverse fault surface fracture deformation in an earthquake comprises: the reaction floor, the soil box 1, the section steel frame 2, the limiting device 3 and the actuator 4,
the soil box 1 is a rectangular container and is used for accommodating soil; the soil box 1 is fixed on the steel frame 2, and the bottom of the steel frame 2 is fixed on the counterforce floor;
the bottom plate of the soil body box 1 is divided into a movable steel plate 5 and a fixed steel plate 6; the periphery of the movable steel plate 5 is movable and is flexibly connected with gaps at the adjacent sides of the periphery by canvas, so that the falling of soil in the loading process is avoided.
The actuator 4 is arranged in the section steel frame 2, under the soil box 1, the bottom of the actuator 4 is fixed on the counter-force floor, and the top of the actuator contacts with the middle part of the lower surface of the movable steel plate 5; the movable steel plate 5 plays a role in bearing and pushing the soil body under the pushing of the actuator 4.
Two sides of the movable steel plate 5 are respectively provided with a limiting device 3, and the limiting devices 3 are used for limiting the movable steel plate 5 to be lifted by the actuators 4 at fixed positions with a certain angle. So as to simulate the lifting of the upper disc soil body of the earthquake middle reverse fault.
Two sides of the soil body box 1 are 15mm thick steel plates, and the front side is supported by 12mm thick double-layer organic glass and 8mm thick 80mm square steel pipes.
As shown in fig. 3, the limiting device 3 is composed of an angle adjusting device 7 and a guiding device 8, the angle adjusting device 7 is welded and fixed on the profile steel frame 2, the position is located below two sides of the movable steel plate 5, and the guiding device 8 is connected with the angle adjusting device 7 through two bolts.
As shown in fig. 4, the angle adjusting device 7 is a square steel plate with a thickness of 30mm, two opposite angles of the angle adjusting device 7 are respectively provided with a group of screw holes, and angle control is performed by the principle that a straight line is determined by different two-point screw holes, and in the embodiment, a group of four screw holes are provided to realize angle changes of 30 °, 45 °, 60 ° and 75 °.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the guide 8 is composed of a steel cylinder 9 having a hollow rectangular body and a steel slider 10 slidable in the steel cylinder 9. The side of the steel cylinder 9 is provided with two screw holes, the two screw bolts are fixedly connected to the screw holes of the angle adjusting device 7, the upper end of the sliding block 10 is hinged and fixed with the lower surface of the movable steel plate 5, the steel cylinder 9 is used for enabling the sliding block 10 to form an upward track, and the lifting angle and the track of the movable steel plate 5 are restrained.
The test flow of the test device is as follows:
clay is layered in the soil box 3, and is compacted in layers, and sensors such as a soil pressure gauge, an accelerometer and the like are embedded at different positions in the soil according to a set test scheme; and a displacement sensor and the like can be placed on the surface above the soil body. The adjustment actuator 4 is at the same angle as the test requirement and remains consistent. At the beginning of the test, the actuator 4 is controlled to lift at a set rate, the actuator 4 lifts the movable steel plate 5, and the movable steel plate 5 lifts the soil layer at the set rate under the constraint of the guide device 8. Recording the change data of each sensor in the jacking process by a data acquisition system; and observing and analyzing the experimental phenomenon.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to aid the reader in understanding the practice of the invention and that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a test device of reverse fault earth's surface fracture deformation under simulation earthquake which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a counterforce floor, a soil body box, a profile steel frame, a limiting device and an actuator;
the soil body box is a rectangular container and is used for accommodating soil; the soil body box is fixed on the section steel frame, and the bottom of the section steel frame is fixed on the counter-force floor;
the bottom plate of the soil body box is divided into a movable steel plate and a fixed steel plate; the periphery of the movable steel plate is movable and is flexibly connected with gaps at the adjacent sides of the periphery by canvas, so that the falling of soil in the loading process is avoided;
the actuator is arranged in the section steel frame, under the soil box, the bottom of the actuator is fixed on the counter-force floor, and the top of the actuator contacts with the middle part of the lower surface of the movable steel plate; the movable steel plate plays a role in bearing and pushing the soil under the pushing of the actuator;
two sides of the movable steel plate are respectively provided with a limiting device, and the limiting devices are used for limiting the movable steel plate to be lifted by a certain angle and track when being lifted by an actuator, so as to simulate the lifting of a disc soil body on a seismic middle reverse fault;
the limiting device consists of an angle adjusting device and a guiding device, the angle adjusting device is welded and fixed on the profile steel frame, the position of the angle adjusting device is positioned below two sides of the movable steel plate, and the guiding device is connected with the angle adjusting device through two bolts;
the angle adjusting device is a square steel plate with the thickness of 30mm, two opposite angles of the angle adjusting device are respectively provided with a group of screw holes, and the angle control is performed by the principle that one straight line is determined through different two-point screw holes;
the guide device consists of a steel cylinder with a hollow rectangular body and a steel sliding block capable of sliding in the steel cylinder; the side of the steel cylinder is provided with two screw holes, the two screw bolts are fixedly connected to the screw holes of the angle adjusting device, the upper end of the sliding block is hinged and fixed with the lower surface of the movable steel plate, the steel cylinder is used for enabling the sliding block to form an upward track, and the lifting angle and the track of the movable steel plate are restrained.
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| CN201910827960.8A CN110411821B (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under earthquake |
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| CN201910827960.8A CN110411821B (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Test device for simulating reverse fault ground surface fracture deformation under earthquake |
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| CN110411821B true CN110411821B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111521364B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2024-05-10 | 防灾科技学院 | Bridge damage and destruction simulation device under near-fault earthquake action and simulation method thereof |
| CN111473934B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2024-05-07 | 防灾科技学院 | Building avoiding distance simulation device and simulation method for fractured zone close to strong earthquake ground surface |
| CN113092047B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-10-11 | 北京工业大学 | Prefabricated assembled continuum model box for simulating underground structure under combined action of fault and seismic motion |
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