CN110410384B - Incoming oil measurement indicator of hydraulic pipeline and detection method - Google Patents
Incoming oil measurement indicator of hydraulic pipeline and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110410384B CN110410384B CN201910812230.0A CN201910812230A CN110410384B CN 110410384 B CN110410384 B CN 110410384B CN 201910812230 A CN201910812230 A CN 201910812230A CN 110410384 B CN110410384 B CN 110410384B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
- F15B20/007—Overload
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an oil-supply measuring indicator of a hydraulic pipeline and a detection method, and belongs to the field of mechanical testing. The large cavity end of the cylinder body is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, the liquid filling device is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, and the small cavity oil supplementing device is in threaded connection with the small cavity end of the cylinder body; the T-shaped inner end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is in sliding connection with the interior of the cylinder body, the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is positioned outside the cylinder body, one end of the movable steel rod system is positioned in a seat on the sealing cylinder cover, the other end of the movable steel rod system piston is positioned in the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston, two ends of the indication pipeline are respectively in sealing connection with connecting holes on a large cavity and a small cavity of the cylinder body, the indication pipeline is filled with indication medium, and the annular piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly connected with the pressure signal conversion piston and fixedly connected with an opening of the indication pipeline. The hydraulic pipeline overhaul device has the advantages of novel structure, higher practicability and wider application range, provides convenience for overhaul of various hydraulic pipelines, saves manpower and material resources, and can greatly improve the working efficiency in actual production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical testing, and particularly relates to detection and detection of oil coming from a hydraulic pipeline of engineering machinery.
Background
With the development of engineering machinery, hydraulic technology is widely used. When the hydraulic circuit fails, the on-site diagnosis usually adopts an empirical diagnosis method, a logic analysis method and a detection method, and maintenance personnel quickly diagnose the failure cause by using the means of question, look-up, hearing, touch, test, check and the like by using the mastered theoretical knowledge and accumulated experience. The process is accompanied by a large amount of disassembly work, the diagnosis of the oil way is complex, the maintenance cost is high, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. In the process of overhauling a hydraulic pipeline, the flow direction and other parameters of hydraulic oil in the pipeline are difficult to know, and therefore a plurality of inconveniences are caused to fault diagnosis. If an indicator is installed on each oil pipe, the oil incoming direction and the oil incoming amount can be distinguished, the maintenance cost can be greatly reduced, and considerable economic benefits are created.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an oil-supply measuring indicator and a detection method of a hydraulic pipeline, which are used for solving the problems that the existing hydraulic circuit is accompanied by a large amount of disassembly work in the measuring process, the diagnosis of an oil way is complex, the maintenance cost is high, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the hydraulic oil filling device comprises a T-shaped movable steel rod system piston, a small cavity oil filling device, a cylinder body, a supporting spring, a movable steel rod system, an isolated elastic deformation plug, an indicating pipeline, hydraulic oil, an indicating medium, annular piezoelectric ceramics, a pressure signal conversion piston, a return spring, a sealing cylinder cover and a liquid filling device; the large cavity end of the cylinder body is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, the liquid filling device is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, and the small cavity oil supplementing device is in threaded connection with the small cavity end of the cylinder body; the inner end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is in sliding connection with the interior of the cylinder body, the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is positioned outside the cylinder body, the interior of the cylinder body is divided into two cavities, the two cavities are filled with hydraulic oil respectively, one end of the movable steel rod system is positioned in a seat on a sealing cylinder cover, the other end of the movable steel rod system piston is positioned in the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston, and a supporting spring is positioned in the movable steel rod system piston and sleeved outside the other end of the movable steel rod system; the two ends of the indication pipeline are respectively and hermetically connected with the connecting holes on the large cavity and the small cavity of the cylinder body, the two isolation elastic deformation plugs are respectively positioned in the connecting holes and are in sliding connection with the connecting holes, the indication pipeline is filled with indication medium, and the annular piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly connected with the pressure signal conversion piston and fixedly connected with the opening of the indication pipeline.
The stiffness coefficients of the supporting spring and the restoring spring are consistent.
The lower part of the connecting hole of the cylinder body is provided with a step.
The sensitive ammeter is fixedly connected with the opening of the indication pipeline.
The measuring head sleeve of the measuring head system is sleeved with the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston;
the measuring head system comprises a testing head, a measuring head rod and a measuring head sleeve, wherein the testing head is in threaded connection with the measuring head rod, and the measuring head rod is in threaded connection with the measuring head sleeve.
The device comprises a connector, a measuring head mounting tube, a sealing guide rail, a follow-up sealing baffle, a measuring head rod, a supporting pipe hoop, a locking assembly, a cylinder body and a sealing guide rail, wherein the two ends of the connector and the measuring head mounting tube are in threaded connection, the sealing guide rail is fixedly connected with a measuring hole on the measuring head mounting tube, the follow-up sealing baffle is in sliding connection with the sealing guide rail, the measuring head rod of a measuring head system is fixedly connected with the follow-up sealing baffle, a measuring head of the measuring head system is positioned in the measuring head mounting tube, the supporting pipe hoop is in threaded connection with the locking assembly, and the supporting pipe hoop is respectively fixedly connected with the measuring head mounting tube and the cylinder body.
The detection method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, knowing the oil quantity range q of the detected pipeline min ～q max Determining a detection ratio; y=q max /q min ；
Step two, determining that the minimum resolution of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline is q 0 Requirements are thatMaximum detected quantity q max Selecting proper design series x y is less than or equal to 1, namely low sensitivity K of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline L And high sensitivity K R Satisfy K L /K R =x, selecting the appropriate range I 0 ～I 3 So that the sensitive ammeter is at q min ～q max The oil inflow range of the pipeline does not exceed the measuring range;
step three, installing an oil coming measurement indicator of the hydraulic pipeline in the tested pipeline;
step (a)4. Reading, if the number I is displayed in the range I 0 ～I 1 When the oil is supplied from one side, the oil supply amount isI.e. when the display range is I 2 ～I 3 At the same time, the oil quantity from the other side is +.>
The invention adopts the hydraulic buffering principle of a closed space, is arranged on a hydraulic pipeline, and can display the oil incoming direction and the oil incoming quantity. The device is internally provided with a test head system, a movable steel rod system, a cylinder body, an indication pipeline, an indicator and a measuring head mounting pipe, the movable steel rod system is pushed to move through the action of hydraulic oil in the pipeline on the test head, so that oil pressure is generated, the indication quantity of the indicator indicates the oil quantity, and the oil direction can be judged according to the moving direction of the indication liquid or the indication range of the indicator.
When the oil liquid is in one direction from the pipeline, the movable steel rod is pushed to move to compress the return spring, so that the large cavity generates lower pressure to compress the indicator in the indicating pipeline to generate inching; when the oil flows from the other direction of the pipeline, the movable steel rod is pushed to stretch the return spring, so that the small cavity can generate higher pressure, the indication liquid in the compressed indication pipeline generates reverse direction inching transmission energy, no matter which direction of the oil in the pipeline is the inching direction of the indication liquid, the indication of the indicator also indicates the oil entering direction and the oil entering amount.
The invention has the advantages that the structure is novel, the cylinder body adopts a mode of combining a large cavity with a small cavity, and has three advantages, namely, compared with a straight cylinder type cylinder body, the cylinder body can reduce the friction influence of a pipeline and reduce the water hammer vibration; secondly, the oil coming direction can be easily distinguished, so that when the left and right oil coming of a pipeline is realized, the superposition of detection gradients is avoided, namely the problem of overlarge rod diameter of a small cavity of a cylinder body can be compensated, and the high sensitivity and the low sensitivity of the pipeline oil way measurement indicator are realized; and thirdly, overload protection of the pipeline oil way measurement indicator is realized, and when the oil pressure is overlarge, the movable rod system is pushed to ensure that the large cavity and the small cavity of the cylinder body are rapidly communicated to realize depressurization.
The indicator is arranged in the indicator pipeline, wherein the indicator has unidirectional mobility, i.e. the indicator can only flow in the indicator pipeline and cannot flow out of the indicator pipe; when the movable steel bar system moves, the pressure generated can enable the indicator to move correspondingly, and then the indicator can display the oil passing amount and direction in the pipeline, and the inching of the indicator can indicate the flow direction of oil in the pipeline.
The pipeline oil way measurement indicator provided by the invention has the advantages of reliable principle, convenience in operation and strong portability, and solves the problems that the existing maintenance method for the hydraulic pipeline is complex, the maintenance cost is high, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted.
The invention has higher practicability and wider application range, can provide convenience for the overhaul of various hydraulic pipelines, saves manpower and material resources to a great extent, and can greatly improve the working efficiency in actual production and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part of II1 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part of II2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the indicating pipeline of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the force applied by the annular piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention installed in a pipeline under test;
FIG. 7a is a schematic view of the stylus system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7b is a top view of FIG. 7 a;
FIG. 7c is a left side view of FIG. 7 b;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stylus system and the sensitive ammeter of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a simulation verification model of the measurement indicator system Amesim;
FIG. 10 is an initial state oil signal diagram;
FIG. 11 is a graph of indicator simulation results.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic oil filling device comprises a T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1, a small cavity oil filling device 2, a cylinder body 3, a supporting spring 4, a movable steel rod system 5, an isolated elastic deformation plug 6, an indication pipeline 7, hydraulic oil 8, an indication medium 9, annular piezoelectric ceramics 10, a pressure signal conversion piston 11, a return spring 12, a sealing cylinder cover 13 and a liquid filling device 14; wherein: the large cavity end of the cylinder body 3 is in threaded connection with the sealing cylinder cover 13 to realize cylinder body sealing, the liquid filling device 14 is in threaded connection with the sealing cylinder cover 13 to realize large cavity oil filling and liquid filling, and the small cavity oil filling device 2 is in threaded connection with the small cavity end of the cylinder body 3; the T-shaped inner end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1 is in sliding connection with the interior of the cylinder body 3, the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is positioned outside the cylinder body 3, the interior of the cylinder body 3 is divided into two large and small cavities, hydraulic oil 8 is filled in the two cavities respectively, one end of the movable steel rod system 5 is positioned in a seat on the sealing cylinder cover 13, the other end of the movable steel rod system 5 is positioned in the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1, and a supporting spring 4 is positioned in the movable steel rod system piston 1 and sleeved outside the other end of the movable steel rod system 5; two ends of the indication pipeline 7 are respectively and hermetically connected with the connecting holes 3-1 on the large cavity and the small cavity of the cylinder body 3, two isolation elastic deformation plugs 6 are respectively positioned in the connecting holes 3-1 and are in sliding connection with the connecting holes 3-1, as shown in fig. 7, the indication pipeline 7 is filled with an indication medium 9, as shown in fig. 2, an annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 is fixedly connected with a pressure signal conversion piston 11 and is fixedly connected with an opening 7-1 of the indication pipeline 7.
The stiffness coefficients of the supporting spring 4 and the return spring 12 are consistent.
As shown in fig. 3, a step 3-2 is provided below the connection hole 3-1 of the cylinder 3.
As shown in fig. 6, the sensitive ammeter 23 is fixedly connected with the opening 7-1 of the indication pipeline 7.
As shown in fig. 8, a probe sleeve 20-3 of the probe system 20 is sleeved with the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1;
as shown in FIG. 7, the probe system 20 includes a test head 20-1, a probe rod 20-2 and a probe sleeve 20-3, wherein the test head 20-1 is screwed with the probe rod 20-2, and the probe rod 20-2 is screwed with the probe sleeve 20-3.
As shown in fig. 6, the joint 16 is in threaded connection with two ends of the probe mounting tube 17, the seal guide rail 18 is fixedly connected with a measuring hole on the probe mounting tube 17, the follow-up seal baffle 19 is in sliding connection with the seal guide rail 18, the probe rod 20-2 of the probe system 20 is fixedly connected with the follow-up seal baffle 19, the test head 20-1 of the probe system 20 is positioned in the probe mounting tube 17, the support pipe hoop 21 is in threaded connection with the locking component 22, and the support pipe hoop 21 is respectively fixedly connected with the probe mounting tube 17 and the cylinder 3.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the movable steel rod system piston 1, the supporting spring 4 and the movable steel rod system 5 realize the sensing of oil, the rigidity coefficients of the supporting spring 4 and the restoring spring 12 are required to be consistent, and the hydraulic oil 8 is arranged in the cylinder body as a pressure transmission medium; the annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 and the pressure signal conversion piston 1 realize conversion from a physical signal to an electric signal or a visual signal; the indicating pipeline 7 is filled with an indicating medium 9, as shown in fig. 4, which is required to be transparent and observable, and is required to be high-pressure-resistant and impact-resistant, and the indicating medium is isolated from the hydraulic oil, so that the elastic deformation plug 6 is required to be isolated, and the hydraulic oil and the indicating medium are subjected to energy exchange without material exchange; the charging device 14 is used for changing the hydraulic oil quantity in the cylinder body, and the multi-cylinder body of the charging liquid has high compression strength, and vice versa (namely, the charging liquid quantity can be changed to change the indication range of the charging oil). The hydraulic oil 8 and the indicating medium 9 are different in terms of requirements, the former only having an energy transmission effect and the latter also having an indicating effect for the sake of observation.
The movable steel rod system 5 can move left and right in the cylinder body, so that oil coming detection in two directions of the pipeline is realized; the cylinder body 3 is in threaded connection with the sealing cylinder cover 13 to realize cylinder body sealing; the sealing cylinder cover 13 is in threaded connection with the liquid filling device 14, so that large-cavity oil filling and liquid filling are realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the isolation elastic deformation plug 6 is positioned at the position of the cylinder body connecting hole 3-1 and the inlet of the indication pipeline, so that the isolation of the hydraulic oil 8 and the indication medium 9 is realized; and a step 3-2 is arranged below the cylinder body connecting hole 3-1, so that the isolation elastic deformation plug can only move towards the inner side of the indicating pipeline, the pressure change of hydraulic oil is rapidly transmitted to the indicating medium, and then the indicating medium pushes the pressure signal conversion piston 11.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure signal conversion piston 11 interacts with the annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 to convert pressure into a charge signal, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the oil amount is finally indicated by the sensitive ammeter 23, and the sensitive ammeter 23 is connected with the annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 through a lead wire in the polarization direction, so that a closed loop is realized.
For installation, as shown in fig. 6, the soft oil pipe 15 to be tested is connected with the joint 16 in an expansion way, the sealing guide rail 18 and the follow-up sealing baffle 19 realize the sealing of the measuring head system 20 at the measuring head installation pipe 17, and meanwhile, the follow-up sealing baffle follows the axial movement of the measuring head system along the sealing guide rail, namely the measuring head installation pipe 17, so that the oil sensing is realized.
Working principle: when the oil liquid is in one direction from the pipeline, the movable steel rod is pushed to move to compress the return spring, so that the large cavity generates lower pressure to compress the indicator in the indicating pipeline to generate inching; when the oil flows from the other direction of the pipeline, the movable steel rod is pushed to stretch the return spring, so that the small cavity can generate higher pressure, the indication liquid in the compressed indication pipeline generates reverse direction inching transmission energy, no matter which direction of the oil in the pipeline is the inching direction of the indication liquid, the indication of the indicator also indicates the oil entering direction and the oil entering amount.
The detection method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, knowing the oil quantity range q of the detected pipeline min ～q max Determining a detection ratio; y=q max /q min ；
Step two, determining that the minimum resolution of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline is q 0 Requirements are thatMaximum detected quantity q max Selecting proper design series x y is less than or equal to 1, namely low sensitivity K of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline L And high sensitivity K R Satisfy K L /K R =x, selecting the appropriate range I 0 ～I 3 So that the sensitive ammeter is at q min ～q max Oil supply quantity of pipelineThe range is not out of range;
step three, installing an oil coming measurement indicator of the hydraulic pipeline in the tested pipeline;
step four, reading, if the display range is I, if the display number I is I 0 ～I 1 When the oil is supplied from one side, the oil supply amount isI.e. when the display range is I 2 ～I 3 At the same time, the oil quantity from the other side is +.>
The invention is further verified by the following derivation of the relevant principles.
In the pipe, the oil coming from one side and the oil coming from the other side are equal in magnitude to the force F acting on the measuring head for the same oil coming quantity q.
If oil comes from one side of the pipeline, the movable rod system is pushed to move leftwards; if oil is supplied from the other side of the pipeline, the moving rod is pushed to move rightwards. For the same oil supply quantity of the pipeline, if oil is supplied from one direction, the pushing moving rod system generates low pressure p when moving leftwards 1 If the moving rod system is pushed to move leftwards when oil is supplied from the other direction, high pressure p is generated 2 They then satisfy the following relationship:
F＝p 1 *A 1 ＝p 2 *A 2 ........................................ (1)
wherein:
p 1 -the left chamber of the cylinder generates pressure; a is that 1 -equivalent cross-section of the left cavity of the cylinder;
p 2 -the cylinder right chamber generates pressure; a is that 2 -right cylinder cross section.
If a straight cylinder body is adopted, the following steps are adopted:
d, the diameter of the left cavity of the cylinder body; d, the diameter of the right cavity rod of the cylinder body;
x-left-right chamber pressure ratio.
If x is made small enough, then D/D needs to be large enough. I.e. the rod and cavity diameters are similar, which is not well achieved. The pressure ratio is then reduced by increasing the diameter of the left cylinder. Making it easy to detect whether one side of the pipe is coming in oil or the other side of the pipe is coming in oil.
Assume that the minimum resolution of the oil coming detector is q 0 Maximum detected quantity is q max Detection ratio y=q max /q 0 . When oil comes from one side of the pipeline, the pressure generated by the corresponding left cavity is p 10 、p 1max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When oil comes from the other side of the pipeline, the pressure generated by the corresponding left cavity is p 20 、p 2max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The following relationship exists between them:
the pressure ratio x is reasonably designed such that:
p 1max ≤p 20 ................................................ (4)
this requires that the smaller x is within the range that can be identified by the detection, so that the design condition of the measurement indicator is x×y.ltoreq.1, and in practice, x is reduced by increasing the diameter (changing volume) of the reducing portion of the reducing cylinder. In this way, the detected pressure is less than p 1max The description is that one side of the pipeline is oil; the detected pressure is greater than p 1max Otherwise, the other side of the pipeline is used for oil. By constructing an oil line oil way measurement indicator simulation model as shown in fig. 9, the indicator is displayed to be divided into two steps as shown in fig. 11 under the condition that an oil line signal is given as shown in fig. 10: the curve with a circle mark at the lower side shows a signal result generated by leftwards moving the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1; the red curve of the curve with the triangle mark at the lower side shows the signal result generated by the rightward movement of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston 1, and the demarcation pressure is 1.004935bar; it can be seen from the figure that the system has good linearity and resolution.
The indicator comprises annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 and pressure signal conversion piston 11, and is made of piezoelectric material lead zirconate titanate PZT-5, as shown in figure 5, when being stressed in polarization direction z, charges are generated on the upper and lower surfaces perpendicular to the polarization direction, and the charge quantity Q z And F is equal to z The forces being proportional, i.e
Q z ＝d 33 F z ................................................ (5)
Wherein:
d 33 piezoelectric coefficient, d, of piezoelectric ceramic 33 ＝600；F z -force.
The annular piezoelectric ceramic 10 is calibrated, and the pistons 11, p are converted by pressure signals at different pressures 10 、p 1max p 20 、p 2max When acting on the annular piezoelectric ceramic 10, the charges generated are respectively Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Between them satisfy Q 0 ＜Q 1 ≤Q 2 ＜Q 3 The detection signals are linearly changed in the respective gradient ranges, and the simulation results are similar to those of fig. 11.
Thus the charge quantity Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Respectively with p 10 、p 1max p 20 、p 2max The forces being proportional, i.e
Wherein:
d 33 piezoelectric coefficient, d, of piezoelectric ceramic 33 =600; a is the effective acting area between the annular piezoelectric ceramic (10) and the conversion.
Thus, the oil is supplied from the pipe side, and the oil supply quantity q 0 ～q max Charge quantity Q generated by annular piezoelectric ceramics 0 ～Q 1 One-to-one correspondence; oil coming from the other side of the pipeline and oil coming quantity q 0 ～q max Charge quantity Q generated by annular piezoelectric ceramics 2 ～Q 3 One by oneCorrespondingly, the piezoelectric ceramic is connected with a sensitive ammeter 23 with a proper measuring range, as shown in fig. 6. Its value can be displayed. Charge quantity Q 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 The readings respectively corresponding to the sensitive ammeter are respectively I 0 、I 1 、I 2 、I 3 。
Wherein:
k—sensitivity of the sensitive amperometric.
The relation between the sensitive amperometric count and the oil supply quantity is as follows
Wherein:
K L low sensitivity of the oil coming measurement indicator of the hydraulic pipeline (oil coming from one side of the pipeline, sensitivity of the oil coming indicator when the large cavity on the left side of the oil coming indicator generates high pressure); k (K) R High sensitivity of the oil-coming measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline (oil coming from the other side of the pipeline, so that the sensitivity of the oil-coming indicator when the small cavity on the right side of the oil-coming indicator generates high pressure is satisfied with K) L /K R ＝x)；q 00 Minimum quantity q of oil coming from one side of pipeline 0 ；q 0max Maximum quantity q of oil coming from one side of pipeline max ；q 10 -minimum quantity q of incoming oil from the other side of the pipeline 0 ；q 1max Maximum quantity q of oil coming from one side of pipeline max 。
When the measurement indicator meets the design condition that x is less than or equal to 1, the indication number of the measurement indicator can display the oil quantity of the pipeline and the direction. I.e. when the display range is I 0 ～I 1 When one side is oil; i.e. when the display range is I 2 ～I 3 When the other side is indicated. After the sensitive ammeter is calibrated according to 8-type, the oil quantity can be represented by the indication of the flowmeter, and the indication of the flowmeterThe gradient of (c) can be characterized from the oil direction. When the indication I shows the range I 0 ～I 1 When the oil is supplied from one side, the oil supply amount isI.e. when the display range is I 2 ～I 3 At the same time, the oil quantity from the other side is +.>
And the measuring range can be changed by the liquid charging device 14 and the hydraulic oil quantity in the cylinder body is changed. When the liquid filling device is filled with liquid, the compression rigidity in the cylinder is enhanced, and the measurement range is enlarged; when the liquid filling device discharges liquid, the in-cylinder compression rigidity is reduced, and the measurement range is reduced. That is, q can be changed by changing the amount of the charge 0 ～q max Is provided.
In fact, when knowing the oil supply range of the pipeline, a pipeline oil circuit measurement indicator with proper design conditions (x is less than or equal to 1) and proper flushing liquid quantity can be selected; the pipeline oil way measurement indicator can not only distinguish the oil incoming direction, but also display the oil incoming quantity.
Claims (5)
1. An oil coming measurement indicator of a hydraulic pipeline, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil filling device comprises a T-shaped movable steel rod system piston, a small cavity oil filling device, a cylinder body, a supporting spring, a movable steel rod system, an isolated elastic deformation plug, an indicating pipeline, hydraulic oil, an indicating medium, annular piezoelectric ceramics, a pressure signal conversion piston, a return spring, a sealing cylinder cover and a liquid filling device; the large cavity end of the cylinder body is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, the liquid filling device is in threaded connection with the sealed cylinder cover, and the small cavity oil supplementing device is in threaded connection with the small cavity end of the cylinder body; the inner end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is in sliding connection with the interior of the cylinder body, the outer end of the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston is positioned outside the cylinder body, the interior of the cylinder body is divided into two cavities, the two cavities are filled with hydraulic oil respectively, one end of the movable steel rod system is positioned in a seat on a sealing cylinder cover, the other end of the movable steel rod system piston is positioned in the T-shaped movable steel rod system piston, and a supporting spring is positioned in the movable steel rod system piston and sleeved outside the other end of the movable steel rod system; two ends of the indication pipeline are respectively and hermetically connected with the connecting holes on the large cavity and the small cavity of the cylinder body, two isolation elastic deformation plugs are respectively positioned in the connecting holes and are in sliding connection with the connecting holes, the indication pipeline is filled with indication medium, and the annular piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly connected with the pressure signal conversion piston and fixedly connected with the opening of the indication pipeline;
the measuring head system comprises a measuring head, a measuring head rod and a measuring head sleeve, wherein the measuring head is in threaded connection with the measuring head rod, and the measuring head rod is in threaded connection with the measuring head sleeve;
the device comprises a connector, a measuring head mounting tube, a sealing guide rail, a follow-up sealing baffle, a measuring head rod, a supporting pipe hoop, a locking assembly, a cylinder body and a sealing guide rail, wherein the two ends of the connector and the measuring head mounting tube are in threaded connection, the sealing guide rail is fixedly connected with a measuring hole on the measuring head mounting tube, the follow-up sealing baffle is in sliding connection with the sealing guide rail, the measuring head rod of a measuring head system is fixedly connected with the follow-up sealing baffle, a measuring head of the measuring head system is positioned in the measuring head mounting tube, the supporting pipe hoop is in threaded connection with the locking assembly, and the supporting pipe hoop is respectively fixedly connected with the measuring head mounting tube and the cylinder body.
2. An incoming oil measurement indicator for a hydraulic line as defined in claim 1, wherein: the stiffness coefficients of the supporting spring and the restoring spring are consistent.
3. An incoming oil measurement indicator for a hydraulic line as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the connecting hole of the cylinder body is provided with a step.
4. An incoming oil measurement indicator for a hydraulic line as defined in claim 1, wherein: the sensitive ammeter is fixedly connected with the opening of the indication pipeline.
5. A detection method of an oil supply measurement indicator employing a hydraulic line according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step one, knowing the oil quantity range q of the detected pipeline min ～q max Determining a detection ratio; y=q max q min ；
Step two, determining that the minimum resolution of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline is q 0 Requirements are thatMaximum detected quantity q max Selecting proper design series x y is less than or equal to 1, namely low sensitivity K of the oil supply measuring indicator of the hydraulic pipeline L And high sensitivity K R Satisfy K L /K R =x, selecting the appropriate range I 0 ～I 3 So that the sensitive ammeter is at q min ～q max The oil inflow range of the pipeline does not exceed the measuring range;
step three, installing an oil coming measurement indicator of the hydraulic pipeline in the tested pipeline;
step four, reading, if the display range is I, if the display number I is I 0 ～I 1 When the oil is supplied from one side, the oil supply amount isI.e. when the display range is I 2 ～I 3 At the same time, the oil quantity from the other side is +.>
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