CN110410118B - Novel tunneling process - Google Patents
Novel tunneling process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110410118B CN110410118B CN201910688617.XA CN201910688617A CN110410118B CN 110410118 B CN110410118 B CN 110410118B CN 201910688617 A CN201910688617 A CN 201910688617A CN 110410118 B CN110410118 B CN 110410118B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tunneling
- frame
- main
- auxiliary
- temporary support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A novel tunneling process solves the problems that in the prior art, a tunneling machine needs to be shut down and retreat after tunneling for a certain distance, then permanent support operation such as net laying, anchor rod laying and the like is carried out, the tunneling efficiency of a roadway is low, and mine excavation is continuously tense. The novel tunneling process separates the temporary supporting device from the tunneling machine, enables the temporary tunneling supporting device to be independently covered outside the tunneling machine and can move forwards along with the tunneling of the tunneling machine, and timely supports the exposed top plate during tunneling; meanwhile, an operator can carry out permanent support operation such as bolting or shed erection at the rear of the heading machine and in the heading temporary support device. The tunneling process realizes the non-interference and parallel operation of tunneling of the tunneling machine and permanent supporting of the roadway, can improve the starting rate and the tunneling efficiency of the tunneling machine, improve the safety of the tunneling operation environment, reduce the labor intensity of worker lapping and permanent supporting, and effectively relieve the situation of mine excavation connection shortage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground roadway tunneling operation, and particularly relates to a novel tunneling process which can improve the driving rate and the tunneling efficiency of a tunneling machine, improve the safety of a tunneling operation environment, reduce the labor intensity of worker lapping and permanent supporting, and effectively relieve the situation of mine excavation continuation tension.
Background
The mining operation and the tunneling operation are two key links of coal mine production, along with the rapid development of the technical equipment level, the fully mechanized mining level in China is improved to a great extent, and the mining speed of a coal face is accelerated. However, the great increase of the working face yield is accompanied with the consumption of a large number of stoping roadways, so that the problem that the speed of roadway tunneling operation cannot keep up with the requirement of the stoping operation is caused, and the improvement of the overall coal mining yield of a coal mine is seriously restricted. At present, the commonly adopted tunneling process comprises the following steps: coal cutting and coal production, temporary support, brushing and cleaning, and permanent support; namely: in the traditional tunneling process, after the heading machine finishes cutting, most of the time is that operators perform support operations such as drilling anchor holes, surfing the internet, driving anchors and the like by means of manpower or an anchor rod drill carriage under the condition that the heading machine stops, so that the tunneling efficiency of the heading machine can only be exerted by 20% -25%, the working efficiency is very low, and the tunneling working progress is hindered. Therefore, the existing tunneling process of the underground coal mining roadway needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a novel tunneling process which can improve the driving rate and the tunneling efficiency of a tunneling machine, improve the safety of a roadway tunneling operation environment, reduce the labor intensity of worker lapping and permanent supporting and effectively relieve the situation of mine excavation continuation tension.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the novel tunneling process comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a tunneling temporary support device capable of synchronously moving forwards along with fully-mechanized tunneling operation on a tunneling working face, connecting the front ends of a tunneling machine, a bridge type transfer belt conveyor and a self-moving belt conveyor tail in a sliding manner, arranging the tunneling temporary support device in the tunneling temporary support device, and arranging a wet dust removal fan and an emulsion pump station on the self-moving belt conveyor tail; the temporary tunneling support device is used for temporarily supporting the surrounding rocks of the tunneling working face where the whole tunneling machine and the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor are located; meanwhile, at least one anchor drilling machine for drilling anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and two sides is respectively arranged at the rear part of the tunneling machine and two sides of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor;
secondly, starting the tunneling machine, dragging a bridge type transfer belt conveyor at the rear part of the tunneling machine, cutting forwards by a step distance, and stopping the tunneling machine, and conveying the float coal and the gangue cut by the tunneling machine out of the front part of the working face by using a self-moving belt conveyor tail connected with the bridge type transfer belt conveyor;
driving a front beam at the most front end of the tunneling temporary support device to swing downwards, then arranging a metal net and a steel belt on the upper side of the front beam of the tunneling temporary support device in advance, and then swinging the front beam with the metal net laid on the upper side upwards to an initial position to enable the steel belt and the net piece to be attached to a top plate; then, the tunneling temporary support device moves forwards and automatically walks, and meanwhile, a metal net and a steel belt which are pre-installed on a front beam of the device are automatically paved on a newly exposed top plate at the front end of a working face;
fourthly, the steps of the second step and the third step of supporting a top plate of a tunneling working face by the tunneling machine tunneling and tunneling temporary supporting device, installing a metal net and a steel belt at the front end of the device and the like are repeated, so that the circular operation of cutting and temporary supporting is continuously carried out at the head-on position of the tunneling working face, and the tunneling machine can continuously tunnel forwards without going back to the machine; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the coal and the gangue cut by the development machine are conveyed out of the working face, the self-moving belt conveyor tail moves forwards along with the forward movement of the development machine and the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor by virtue of a self-moving mechanism so as to keep the mutual overlapping connection between the rear end of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor and the front end of the self-moving belt conveyor tail;
and fifthly, in the process that the heading machine tunnels forwards and the heading temporary support device continuously supports surrounding rocks along with the heading machine, the metal nets and the steel belts of the two sides are paved in a manual operation mode under the shielding of the rear part of the heading machine and the rear part of the heading temporary support device, and permanent support operation is carried out on the top plate and the two sides of the roadway area at the rear part of the heading machine by using the drilling and anchoring machines arranged on the two sides of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor respectively, so that the non-interference and parallel operation of heading machine and permanent support of the roadway is realized.
And step two, a telescopic air duct is arranged above the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor, the telescopic air duct comprises a ventilation air duct and a dust removal air duct, the dust removal air duct and the ventilation air duct are respectively arranged on two sides above the tunneling machine, and the front end of the air duct is connected with the upper side inside the tunneling temporary support device.
The method comprises the following steps that firstly, a tunneling temporary support device arranged outside a tunneling machine comprises a front temporary support bracket, a rear temporary support bracket is arranged behind the front temporary support bracket, and a plurality of groups of middle temporary support brackets are arranged between the rear temporary support bracket and the front temporary support bracket; the front temporary support bracket, the middle temporary support bracket and the rear temporary support bracket are all of full-section frame type structures, the temporary support bracket of the frame type structure is formed by a main beam frame and an auxiliary beam frame which are arranged in a staggered mode, and support stand columns are arranged on the lower portions of the two sides of the main beam frame and the auxiliary beam frame respectively.
The front temporary support bracket comprises a front main beam frame and a front auxiliary beam frame, the front main beam frame consists of a plurality of front main longitudinal beams and front main cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of each front main cross beam are respectively provided with a support upright post; the front auxiliary beam frame consists of a plurality of front auxiliary longitudinal beams and front auxiliary cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of each front auxiliary cross beam are respectively provided with a supporting upright post so as to form a hollow portal frame structure; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the front main beam and the front auxiliary beam, the front end of a front main longitudinal beam of the front main beam frame is hinged with a net laying front beam, and the rear end of the net laying front beam is connected with the lower part of the front end of the front main longitudinal beam through a front beam hydraulic cylinder.
The middle temporary support bracket comprises a middle main beam frame and a middle auxiliary beam frame, the middle main beam frame consists of a plurality of middle main consequent beams and middle main cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of the middle main cross beams are respectively provided with a support upright post; the middle auxiliary beam frame consists of a plurality of middle auxiliary longitudinal beams and middle auxiliary cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of the middle auxiliary cross beams are respectively provided with a support upright post so as to form a hollow portal frame structure; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the middle main beam and the middle auxiliary beam; and the front end of the middle auxiliary longitudinal beam of the middle auxiliary beam frame and the front end of the middle main longitudinal beam of the middle main beam frame are extended out, and are inserted into the middle frame matching sockets between the rear parts of the front main longitudinal beams of the front main beam frame of the front temporary supporting bracket.
The rear temporary support bracket comprises a rear main beam frame and a rear auxiliary beam frame, the rear main beam frame consists of a plurality of rear main longitudinal beams and rear main cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of each rear main cross beam are respectively provided with a support upright post; the rear auxiliary beam frame consists of a plurality of rear auxiliary longitudinal beams and rear auxiliary cross beams, and the lower parts of two ends of each rear auxiliary cross beam are respectively provided with a support upright post, so that a hollow portal frame structure is formed; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the rear main beam and the rear auxiliary beam; and the front end of the rear auxiliary longitudinal beam of the rear auxiliary beam frame is inserted into a rear frame matching socket between the rear parts of the middle main longitudinal beams of the middle main beam frame of the middle temporary support bracket.
Lateral side protecting mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of each main beam frame of the front temporary supporting bracket, the middle temporary supporting bracket and the rear temporary supporting bracket; the lateral side protection mechanism comprises a lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder horizontally arranged in a main beam of the main beam frame, and a vertically-arranged side protection frame is arranged at a telescopic end of the lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder extending out of the outer side of the end part of the main beam frame; the upper end of the side protection frame is hinged with the end part of the lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the middle part of the side protection frame is hinged with the telescopic end of the obliquely arranged side protection hydraulic cylinder through a side protection hinged lug plate, and the fixed end of the side protection hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the lower part of the main horizontal beam of the main beam frame.
The positions of the rear part of the front temporary support bracket and the front part of the middle temporary support bracket, which are mutually spliced, and the positions of the rear part of the middle temporary support bracket and the front part of the rear temporary support bracket, which are mutually spliced, are respectively provided with an anti-deviation plate for improving the matching stability of the device.
The upper side of the front part of the mesh-laying front beam hinged with the front end of the front temporary support bracket is provided with a magnetic fixing block for adsorbing a metal mesh laid on the front beam.
The upper swing angle of the lapping front beam hinged to the front end of the front temporary support bracket is 0-11 degrees, and the lower swing angle of the lapping front beam is 0-38 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel tunneling process separates the temporary supporting device from the tunneling machine, enables the temporary tunneling supporting device to be independently covered outside the tunneling machine and can move forwards along with the tunneling of the tunneling machine, and timely supports the exposed top plate during tunneling. Meanwhile, an operator can carry out permanent support operation such as bolting or shed erection at the rear of the heading machine and in the heading temporary support device. Through the process improvement, the parallel operation mode of tunneling at the front end and drilling an anchor rod at the rear end of the tunneling working face can be realized, so that the tunneling machine does not need to be completely stopped and retreated, and the anchor rod drilling space is reserved for the drilling and anchoring machine. Therefore, the traditional 'tunneling-stopping-supporting' cyclic operation process is improved into a 'tunneling-top net laying-temporary supporting-permanent roadway supporting' mutually non-interfering parallel operation process, the aim that the 'tunneling operation' is not limited by 'permanent supporting operation' is achieved, a large amount of auxiliary operation time is saved, compared with the traditional tunneling process used before, the tunneling speed can be improved by more than 30%, and the situation that the mine excavation is continuously and tensely is effectively relieved. In addition, the novel tunneling process can also effectively limit and prevent surrounding rock deformation and damage, maintain the integrity of a roadway roof, and is favorable for safety management of a mine roof, so that all operation workers such as a tunneling machine driver and the like can work under the tunneling temporary support device, a safe and convenient operation environment is provided for tunneling and supporting the roadway, the effect of permanent support is ensured, and the labor intensity of worker mesh laying and permanent support is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view (one of) of the overall arrangement of the process equipment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (two) of the overall arrangement of the process equipment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of one construction of the tunnelling temporary support arrangement of figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of one configuration of the front temporary support bracket of figure 3.
Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a side view of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a side rib structure of fig. 6.
Figure 8 is a schematic view of a middle temporary support bracket of figure 3.
Fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 8.
Figure 10 is a schematic (top) view of a connection between the front and middle temporary support brackets of figure 3 at the mating location.
Figure 11 is a schematic view of one configuration of the rear temporary support bracket of figure 3.
Fig. 12 is a top view of fig. 11.
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1 tunneling machine, 2 tunneling temporary support device, 3 bridge type transshipment belt conveyor, 4 anchor drilling machine, 5 telescopic wind drum, 6 self-moving belt conveyor tail, 7 front temporary support, 8 middle temporary support, 9 rear temporary support, 10 front main beam frame, 11 front auxiliary beam frame, 12 support upright post, 13 moving hydraulic cylinder, 14 lapping front beam, 15 front beam hydraulic cylinder, 16 side wall protection mechanism, 17 deviation prevention plate, 18 front main front beam, 19 front main beam, 20 front auxiliary beam, 21 front auxiliary beam, 22 middle frame matching socket, 23 ventilation wind drum, 24 dust removal wind drum, 25 side telescopic hydraulic cylinder, 26 wall protection frame, 27 wall protection hinge lug plate, 28 wall protection hydraulic cylinder, 29 middle main beam frame, 30 middle auxiliary beam frame, 31 middle main front beam, 32 middle main beam, 33 middle auxiliary beam, 34 middle auxiliary beam, 35 rear frame matching socket, 35 middle support hinge lug plate, 28 wall protection hydraulic cylinder, 29 middle main beam frame, 30 middle auxiliary beam frame, 31 middle main beam, 32 middle main beam, 33 middle auxiliary beam, 34 middle auxiliary beam, 36 rear main beam frame, 37 rear auxiliary beam frame, 38 rear main longitudinal beam, 39 rear main cross beam, 40 rear auxiliary longitudinal beam, 41 rear auxiliary cross beam.
Detailed Description
The specific steps of the present invention are described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. The novel tunneling process comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a tunneling machine 1 at the front end of an underground roadway tunneling working face, connecting the rear part of the tunneling machine 1 with a front belt frame of a bridge type transshipping belt conveyor 3, and connecting a rear belt frame of the bridge type transshipping belt conveyor 3 with the front end of a self-moving belt conveyor tail 6 in a sliding manner through a traveling device. And a wet dust removal fan and an emulsion pump station are also arranged on the self-moving belt conveyor tail 6. Then, a tunneling temporary support device 2 capable of synchronously moving forwards along with fully mechanized tunneling operation is arranged outside the tunneling machine 1, so that surrounding rocks of a tunneling working face of the whole tunneling machine 1 and the front half part of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 are temporarily supported; meanwhile, at least one anchor drilling machine 4 for drilling anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and two sides is respectively arranged at the rear part of the tunneling machine 1 and two sides of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3.
The temporary tunneling support device 2 arranged outside the tunneling machine 1 comprises a front temporary support bracket 7, the front temporary support bracket 7 consists of a front main beam frame 10 and a front auxiliary beam frame 11 which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the front main beam frame 10 comprises a plurality of (for example, six) front main cross beams 18 and two front main cross beams 19; the lower parts of the two ends of the front main beam 19 are respectively provided with a supporting upright 12. The front auxiliary beam frame 11 is composed of a plurality of (for example, six) front auxiliary longitudinal beams 20 and two front auxiliary beams 21, and the lower parts of the two ends of the front auxiliary beams 21 are respectively provided with a support upright 12, thereby forming a hollow portal frame structure with the middle part being capable of arranging the heading machine 1. A frame moving hydraulic cylinder 13 is arranged between the front main beam 19 and the front auxiliary beam 21, and further the front main beam frame 10 or the front auxiliary beam frame 11 is driven to be pushed and pulled mutually in a staggered mode through the extension and contraction of the frame moving hydraulic cylinder 13, so that the front temporary support bracket 7 can move automatically, a group of frames are always in a top-contacting state in the moving process of the main beam frame and the auxiliary beam frame, and continuous support and support for a top plate are formed. Meanwhile, the front end of the front main longitudinal beam 18 of the front main beam frame 10 is hinged with a lapping front beam 14, and the rear end of the lapping front beam 14 is connected with the lower part of the front end of the front main longitudinal beam 18 through a front beam hydraulic cylinder 15. The front temporary supporting bracket 7 is provided with a middle frame matching socket 22 between the rear parts of the front main longitudinal beams 18 of the front main beam frame 10.
Lateral side protecting mechanisms 16 are respectively and movably arranged on two sides of the front main beam frame 10 of the front temporary supporting bracket 7. The lateral side protection mechanism 16 comprises a lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder 25 horizontally arranged in the front main beam 19 of the front main beam frame 10, the lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder 25 extends to a telescopic end outside the end part of the front main beam frame 10, and a vertically arranged side protection frame 26 is arranged. The upper end of the side protection frame 26 is hinged with the end of the side telescopic hydraulic cylinder 25, the middle part of the side protection frame 26 is hinged with the telescopic end of the side protection hydraulic cylinder 28 which is obliquely arranged through a side protection hinged lug plate 27, and the fixed end of the side protection hydraulic cylinder 28 is hinged with the lower part of the front main stringer 18 of the front main beam frame 10. The side protection hydraulic cylinders 28 are used for driving the side protection frames 26 on the two sides of the temporary support bracket to extend out to the two sides of the roadway, so that surrounding rocks on the two sides of the roadway are effectively supported, the inclination of the top plate within a 10-degree range can be effectively adapted, and the operation safety of operators in the device is improved. The method has the advantages that when the coal walls on two sides of the roadway collapse in the tunneling process, the tunneling temporary support device 2 and the tunneling machine 1 are prevented from being influenced to move forwards, the rectangular side wall protecting frame 26 of the side wall protecting mechanism 16 is utilized to increase the contact area with the coal walls of the roadway, and the collapsed coal is blocked outside the tunneling temporary support device 2 to the maximum extent; and further, the influence of the collapsed coal on tunneling is minimized, and the working efficiency of tunneling work is improved.
A rear temporary support bracket 9 is arranged behind the front temporary support bracket 7, and a plurality of groups (for example, two groups according to the required support length) of middle temporary support brackets 8 are arranged between the rear temporary support bracket 9 and the front temporary support bracket 7. The middle temporary support bracket 8 comprises a middle main beam frame 29 and a middle auxiliary beam frame 30 which are arranged in a staggered mode, the middle main beam frame 29 is composed of a plurality of (for example, six) middle main longitudinal beams 31 and two middle main cross beams 32, and the lower portions of two ends of each middle main cross beam 32 are respectively provided with a support upright post 12. The middle auxiliary beam frame 30 is composed of a plurality of (for example, six) middle auxiliary longitudinal beams 33 and two middle auxiliary beams 34, and the lower parts of the two ends of the middle auxiliary beams 34 are also respectively provided with the supporting upright posts 12 to form a hollow portal frame structure. And a frame moving hydraulic cylinder 13 for alternately driving the middle main beam frame 29 or the middle auxiliary beam frame 30 to push and pull mutually and move automatically is arranged between the middle main beam 32 and the middle auxiliary beam 34. The front end of the middle auxiliary longitudinal beam 33 of the middle auxiliary beam frame 30 and the front end of the middle main longitudinal beam 31 which is longer than the middle main beam frame 29 are respectively inserted into the middle frame matching insertion holes 22 between the rear parts of the front main longitudinal beams 18 of the front main beam frame 10 of the front temporary supporting bracket 7; and rear frame matching sockets 35 are respectively arranged between the rear parts of the middle main longitudinal beams 31 of the middle main beam frame 29 of the middle temporary supporting bracket 8. Lateral side wall protection mechanisms 16 are also respectively arranged on two sides of the middle main beam frame 29 of the middle temporary supporting bracket 8.
The rear temporary support bracket 9 also comprises a rear main beam frame 36 and a rear auxiliary beam frame 37 which are arranged in a staggered manner, wherein the rear main beam frame 36 is composed of a plurality of (for example, six) rear main longitudinal beams 38 and two rear main cross beams 39, and the lower parts of the two ends of each rear main cross beam 39 are respectively provided with the support columns 12. The rear auxiliary beam frame 37 is composed of a plurality of (for example, six) rear auxiliary longitudinal beams 40 and two rear auxiliary beams 41, and the lower parts of the two ends of the rear auxiliary beams 41 are respectively provided with the support columns 12, thereby forming a hollow portal frame structure. And a frame moving hydraulic cylinder 13 for alternately driving the rear main beam frame 36 or the rear auxiliary beam frame 37 to push and pull mutually and move automatically is arranged between the rear main beam 39 and the rear auxiliary beam 41. Meanwhile, the front end of the rear auxiliary longitudinal beam 40 of the rear auxiliary beam frame 37 and the front end of the rear main longitudinal beam 38 which is longer than the rear main beam frame 36 are respectively inserted into the rear frame matching insertion holes 35 between the rear parts of the middle main longitudinal beams 31 of the middle main beam frame 29 of the middle temporary supporting bracket 8; it will be appreciated that adjacent intermediate temporary support brackets 8 also mate via the rear bracket mating sockets 35. Further, rear end portions of the rear main stringers 38 of the rear main beam frame 36 of the rear temporary support bracket 9 are flush with each other. Lateral side wall protection mechanisms 16 are respectively arranged on two sides of a rear main beam frame 36 of the rear temporary supporting bracket 9.
The lower sides of the rear ends of front main longitudinal beams 18 of a front main beam frame 10 of a front temporary supporting bracket 7, the lower sides of the front ends of middle auxiliary longitudinal beams 33 of a middle auxiliary beam frame 30 of a middle temporary supporting bracket 8, the lower sides of the rear ends of middle main longitudinal beams 31 of a middle main beam frame 29 and the lower sides of the front ends of rear auxiliary longitudinal beams 40 of a rear auxiliary beam frame 37 of a rear temporary supporting bracket 9 are respectively provided with an anti-deviation plate 17 for improving the matching stability of the mutual plugging part of the devices; and the lengths of the mutual splicing parts between the rear part of the front temporary support bracket 7 and the front part of the middle temporary support bracket 8 and the lengths of the mutual splicing parts between the rear part of the middle temporary support bracket 8 and the front part of the rear temporary support bracket 9 correspond to the step pitch of one cutting of the heading machine 1. In order to increase the stability of the auxiliary metal net laying of the front lapping beam 14, the upper side of the front part of the front lapping beam 14 hinged with the front end of the front temporary supporting bracket 7 is provided with a magnetic fixing block for adsorbing the metal net laid on the front beam. Moreover, the upward swing angle of the lapping front beam 14 hinged at the front end of the front temporary support bracket 7 can be between 0 and 11 degrees, and the downward swing angle of the lapping front beam 14 can be between 0 and 38 degrees; thereby improving the adaptability of the lapping front beam 14 to various roof conditions.
Step two, checking whether each device is prepared perfectly, and then starting a ventilation device, a wet dust removal fan and an emulsion pump station; fresh air flow is respectively conveyed to a tunneling working face and dust is sucked and removed through a ventilation air duct 23 and a dust removal air duct 24 of a telescopic air duct 5 arranged above the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 from two sides above the tunneling machine 1; meanwhile, the front ends of the ventilation air duct 23 and the dust removal air duct 24 are connected with the upper sides of the interior of each temporary support bracket of the tunneling temporary support device 2. After the main conveying belt conveyor and the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 are sequentially started, the development machine 1 is started, the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 at the rear part of the development machine is dragged, the development machine is temporarily stopped after cutting forward by a step distance, and the temporary stop of the development machine 1 is convenient for the mesh laying work of the front end top plate of the auxiliary working face of the front temporary support bracket 7 of the development temporary support device 2; and cleaning float coal on the bottom plate, and conveying the float coal and gangue cut by the development machine 1 out of the front part of the working face by using a self-moving belt conveyor tail 6 which is connected with the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 and temporarily stays at the original position.
Thirdly, when the heading machine 1 cuts forwards by a step distance and is temporarily stopped, driving the lapping front beam 14 of the front temporary support bracket 7 of the heading temporary support device 2 to swing downwards by using a front beam hydraulic cylinder 15, and then arranging a metal net and a steel belt on the upper side of the lapping front beam 14 of the front temporary support bracket 7 in advance; then, the lapping front beam 14 with the metal mesh paved on the upper side is swung upwards to the initial position; and then the metal mesh is temporarily supported by the main beam frame and the auxiliary beam frame which are arranged in a staggered way of each temporary support bracket of the tunneling temporary support device 2 so as to facilitate the subsequent permanent support operation of bolting and anchoring cables. Subsequently, the front temporary support bracket 7 is driven to move forward by a step distance by the bracket moving hydraulic cylinder 13 of the front temporary support bracket 7, and meanwhile, a metal net and a steel belt which are arranged on a front beam of the device in advance are automatically laid on a newly exposed top plate at the front end of the working face.
Fourthly, after the front temporary support bracket 7 of the tunneling temporary support device 2 is moved forward to the right position, the tunneling machine 1 can be started again for tunneling; meanwhile, the middle temporary support bracket 8 and the rear temporary support bracket 9 are respectively driven to move forwards in sequence by the bracket moving hydraulic cylinders 13 of the middle temporary support bracket 8 and the rear temporary support bracket 9, and then the circular operation of cutting and temporary support is continuously carried out at the head-on position of the tunneling working face, so that the tunneling machine 1 can continuously tunnel forwards without moving backwards. In addition, in order to ensure that the coal and the gangue cut by the development machine 1 are conveyed out of the working face, the self-moving belt conveyor tail 6 moves forwards along with the forward movement of the development machine 1 and the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 by means of a self-moving mechanism so as to keep the mutual connection and connection between the rear end of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3 and the front end of the self-moving belt conveyor tail 6.
Fifthly, in the process that the heading machine 1 forwards tunnels and the heading temporary support device 2 continuously supports surrounding rocks along with the heading machine 1, the metal nets and the steel belts on two sides are laid in the conventional manual operation mode under the shielding of a middle temporary support bracket 8 and a rear temporary support bracket 9 (mainly temporary support brackets which are not moved temporarily) of the heading temporary support device 2 behind the heading machine 1, and the top plate and the two sides of the roadway area at the rear part of the heading machine 1 are permanently supported by using the drilling and anchoring machines 4 respectively arranged on two sides of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor 3, so that the mutual interference and parallel operation of heading machine and roadway permanent support are realized, the one-time starting tunneling time of the heading machine is prolonged, the heading efficiency is improved, the safe operation state of operators is improved, the safety management of the mine top plate is facilitated, and the rapid, short and long-time tunnel excavation of the roadway are realized, And (6) safely tunneling.
Claims (5)
1. A novel tunneling process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a tunneling machine (1) at the front end of an underground roadway tunneling working surface, connecting the rear part of the tunneling machine (1) with a front belt frame of a bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3), connecting a rear belt frame of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3) with the front end of a self-moving belt conveyor tail (6) in a sliding manner through a traveling device, and arranging a wet dust removal fan and an emulsion pump station on the self-moving belt conveyor tail (6); then, a temporary tunneling support device (2) capable of synchronously moving forwards along with fully-mechanized tunneling operation is arranged outside the tunneling machine (1), so that surrounding rocks of a tunneling working face where the whole tunneling machine (1) and the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3) are located are temporarily supported; meanwhile, at least one anchor drilling machine (4) for drilling anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and two sides is respectively arranged at the rear part of the tunneling machine (1) and two sides of the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3);
the tunneling temporary support device (2) arranged outside the tunneling machine (1) comprises a front temporary support bracket (7), a rear temporary support bracket (9) is arranged behind the front temporary support bracket (7), and a plurality of groups of middle temporary support brackets (8) are arranged between the rear temporary support bracket (9) and the front temporary support bracket (7); the front temporary supporting bracket (7), the middle temporary supporting bracket (8) and the rear temporary supporting bracket (9) are all of frame-type structures, the temporary supporting bracket of the frame-type structure is formed by a main beam frame and an auxiliary beam frame which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the lower portions of two sides of the main beam frame and the auxiliary beam frame are respectively provided with a supporting upright post (12);
the front temporary support bracket (7) comprises a front main beam frame (10) and a front auxiliary beam frame (11), the front main beam frame (10) consists of a plurality of front main longitudinal beams (18) and front main cross beams (19), and the lower parts of the two ends of each front main cross beam (19) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12); the front auxiliary beam frame (11) consists of a plurality of front auxiliary longitudinal beams (20) and front auxiliary beams (21), and the lower parts of the two ends of each front auxiliary beam (21) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12), so that a hollow portal frame structure is formed; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder (13) is arranged between the front main beam (19) and the front auxiliary beam (21), the front end of a front main longitudinal beam (18) of the front main beam frame (10) is hinged with a lapping front beam (14), and the rear end of the lapping front beam (14) is connected with the lower part of the front end of the front main longitudinal beam (18) through a front beam hydraulic cylinder (15);
the middle temporary support bracket (8) comprises a middle main beam frame (29) and a middle auxiliary beam frame (30), the middle main beam frame (29) is composed of a plurality of middle main consequent beams (31) and middle main beams (32), and the lower parts of the two ends of the middle main beams (32) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12); the middle auxiliary beam frame (30) consists of a plurality of middle auxiliary longitudinal beams (33) and middle auxiliary beams (34), and the lower parts of the two ends of each middle auxiliary beam (34) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12) to form a hollow portal frame structure; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder (13) is arranged between the middle main beam (32) and the middle auxiliary beam (34); the front end of a middle auxiliary longitudinal beam (33) of the middle auxiliary beam frame (30) and the front end of a middle main longitudinal beam (31) of the middle main beam frame (29) are extended out, and the front end of the middle auxiliary longitudinal beam is inserted into a middle frame matching socket (22) between the rear parts of front main longitudinal beams (18) of a front main beam frame (10) of the front temporary supporting bracket (7);
the rear temporary support bracket (9) comprises a rear main beam frame (36) and a rear auxiliary beam frame (37), the rear main beam frame (36) consists of a plurality of rear main consequent beams (38) and rear main cross beams (39), and the lower parts of the two ends of each rear main cross beam (39) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12); the rear auxiliary beam frame (37) consists of a plurality of rear auxiliary longitudinal beams (40) and rear auxiliary cross beams (41), and the lower parts of the two ends of each rear auxiliary cross beam (41) are respectively provided with a support upright post (12), so that a hollow portal frame structure is formed; a frame moving hydraulic cylinder (13) is arranged between the rear main beam (39) and the rear auxiliary beam (41); the front end of a rear auxiliary longitudinal beam (40) of the rear auxiliary beam frame (37) and the front end of a rear main longitudinal beam (38) which is longer than a rear main beam frame (36) are inserted into a rear frame matching socket (35) between the rear parts of the middle main longitudinal beams (31) of the middle main beam frame (29) of the middle temporary supporting bracket (8);
the parts which are spliced with each other between the rear part of the front temporary support bracket (7) and the front part of the middle temporary support bracket (8) and between the rear part of the middle temporary support bracket (8) and the front part of the rear temporary support bracket (9) and the parts which are spliced with each other are respectively provided with an anti-deviation plate (17) for improving the matching stability of the device; a prevent inclined to one side board (17) that is used for the cooperation stability of hoisting device grafting position each other sets up respectively: the rear end lower sides of front main longitudinal beams (18) of a front main beam frame (10) of a front temporary supporting bracket (7), the front end lower sides of middle auxiliary longitudinal beams (33) of a middle auxiliary beam frame (30) of a middle temporary supporting bracket (8), the rear end lower sides of middle main longitudinal beams (31) of a middle main beam frame (29), and the front end lower sides of rear auxiliary longitudinal beams (40) of a rear auxiliary beam frame (37) of a rear temporary supporting bracket (9); the lengths of the mutual splicing parts between the rear part of the front temporary support bracket (7) and the front part of the middle temporary support bracket (8) and the lengths of the mutual splicing parts between the rear part of the middle temporary support bracket (8) and the front part of the rear temporary support bracket (9) are both corresponding to the step pitch of one-time cutting of the heading machine (1);
secondly, starting the development machine (1), dragging a bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3) at the rear part of the development machine, cutting forwards by a step distance, and stopping the development machine, and conveying float coal and gangue cut by the development machine (1) out of the front part of a working face by using a self-moving belt conveyor tail (6) connected with the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3);
thirdly, driving a front beam at the most front end of the tunneling temporary support device (2) to swing downwards, then arranging a metal net and a steel belt on the upper side of the front beam of the tunneling temporary support device (2) in advance, and then swinging the front beam with the metal net laid on the upper side upwards to an initial position to enable the steel belt and the net piece to be attached to a top plate tightly; then, the tunneling temporary support device (2) moves forwards and walks automatically, and meanwhile, a metal net and a steel belt which are pre-installed on a front beam of the device are automatically paved on a newly exposed top plate at the front end of a working face;
fourthly, the steps of tunneling by the tunneling machine (1), supporting a top plate of a tunneling working face by the temporary supporting device (2) and installing a metal net and a steel belt at the front end of the device are repeated, so that the cyclic operation of cutting and temporary supporting is continuously carried out at the head-on position of the tunneling working face, and the tunneling machine (1) can continuously tunnel forwards without going back to the machine; meanwhile, in order to ensure that coal and gangue cut by the development machine (1) are conveyed out of a working face, the self-moving belt conveyor tail (6) moves forwards along with the forward movement of the development machine (1) and the bridge type transfer belt conveyor (3) by means of a self-moving mechanism so as to keep the mutual connection and connection of the rear end of the bridge type transfer belt conveyor (3) and the front end of the self-moving belt conveyor tail (6);
and fifthly, in the process that the heading machine (1) forwards tunnels and the heading temporary support device (2) continuously supports surrounding rocks along with the heading machine (1), laying metal nets and steel belts on two sides in a manual operation mode under the shielding of the rear part of the heading temporary support device (2) and behind the heading machine (1), and performing permanent support operation on a top plate and two sides of a roadway area on the rear part of the heading machine (1) by using drilling and anchoring machines (4) arranged on two sides of a bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3) respectively, so that the non-interference and parallel operation of heading and permanent support of the roadway of the heading machine is realized.
2. A novel ripping process according to claim 1, wherein: and step two, a telescopic air duct (5) is arranged above the bridge type transshipment belt conveyor (3), the telescopic air duct (5) comprises a ventilation air duct (23) and a dust removal air duct (24), the dust removal air duct (24) and the ventilation air duct (23) are respectively arranged on two sides above the tunneling machine (1), and the front end of the air duct is connected with the upper side inside the tunneling temporary support device (2).
3. A novel ripping process according to claim 1, wherein: lateral side wall protection mechanisms (16) are respectively arranged on two sides of each main beam frame of the front temporary supporting bracket (7), the middle temporary supporting bracket (8) and the rear temporary supporting bracket (9); the lateral side protection mechanism (16) comprises a lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder (25) horizontally arranged in a main beam of the main beam frame, and a vertically-arranged side protection frame (26) is arranged at the telescopic end of the lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder (25) extending out of the outer side of the end part of the main beam frame; the upper end of the side protection frame (26) is hinged with the end part of the lateral telescopic hydraulic cylinder (25), the middle part of the side protection frame (26) is hinged with the telescopic end of the obliquely arranged side protection hydraulic cylinder (28) through a side protection hinged lug plate (27), and the fixed end of the side protection hydraulic cylinder (28) is hinged with the lower part of the main horizontal beam of the main beam frame.
4. A novel ripping process according to claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the front part of the net laying front beam (14) hinged with the front end of the front temporary support bracket (7) is provided with a magnetic fixing block for adsorbing a metal net laid on the front beam.
5. A novel ripping process according to claim 1, wherein: the upper swing angle of a lapping front beam (14) hinged to the front end of the front temporary supporting bracket (7) is 0-11 degrees, and the lower swing angle of the lapping front beam (14) is 0-38 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910688617.XA CN110410118B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Novel tunneling process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910688617.XA CN110410118B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Novel tunneling process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110410118A CN110410118A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110410118B true CN110410118B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
Family
ID=68363839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910688617.XA Active CN110410118B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Novel tunneling process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110410118B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111636888B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2022-02-11 | 沈阳天安特种机器人有限公司 | Full-section shield device for roadway excavation |
| CN112593961A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Roadway driving method |
| CN112983452B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-08-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Tunneling process and cooperative positioning control method for complete equipment for comprehensive tunneling of roadway |
| CN117646639B (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-04-02 | 北京科技大学 | Mining portable full-section supporting metal net temporary supporting device and method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3322716B2 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 2002-09-09 | 株式会社フジタ | Tunnel construction method |
| JP2002013143A (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-18 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Anchor installation machine |
| CN202520309U (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-11-07 | 石家庄煤矿机械有限责任公司 | Parallel rapid bolt supporting operation system for heading machine |
| CN103195457A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | 辽宁天安矿山科技有限公司 | Supporting method for roadway fully-mechanized drivage operation without withdrawal of roadheader |
| CN103643959B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-08-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of novel tunnel heading equipment |
-
2019
- 2019-07-29 CN CN201910688617.XA patent/CN110410118B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110410118A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110410118B (en) | Novel tunneling process | |
| CN104564050B (en) | Equipment for heading and anchoring parallel operation construction | |
| CN108222935B (en) | Equipment system of roadway-free coal-pillar-free self-retained roadway mining method | |
| CN101289939B (en) | Comprehensive support device for gob-side entry retaining | |
| CN205578020U (en) | Formula of taking a step tunnelling supporting device suitable for hard rock tunnelling | |
| CN110593870B (en) | Coal mine digging and anchor protecting integrated machine and parallel operation method | |
| CN105569701B (en) | Suspension device is tunneled suitable for the step type that hard-rock tunnel is tunneled | |
| CN101560883B (en) | Gob-side entry retaining work mould base | |
| CN103195457A (en) | Supporting method for roadway fully-mechanized drivage operation without withdrawal of roadheader | |
| CN102654060A (en) | Tunnel excavation staggered type supporting device | |
| CN105507951B (en) | A kind of soft curtain encapsulating method in no coal column Duan Dingcheng lanes | |
| CN202500562U (en) | Excavating, supporting and anchoring parallel operating system | |
| CN102121390A (en) | Telescopic tunneling immediate support device | |
| CN102383795B (en) | Comprehensive mechanical rock drift excavating process | |
| CN111042816B (en) | Mine section hole-cutting roadway-forming tunneling method | |
| CN111828073A (en) | Novel roadway support device | |
| CN202578740U (en) | Drivage staggered type support device | |
| CN104389605A (en) | Cover retracement method of dense steel wire ropes of coal face | |
| CN104863599B (en) | Fully-mechanized mining working synchronously expands side installation method and support system | |
| CN111022098A (en) | Advanced support system and method for fully-mechanized roadway continuous construction | |
| CN102587904B (en) | Comprehensive mechanical rock lane tunneling machine | |
| RU2026982C1 (en) | Shaft-sinking set | |
| CN204691766U (en) | One is driving system fast and safely | |
| CN112096437A (en) | Digging, supporting and anchoring two-body machine | |
| CN107227970A (en) | Electro-hydraulic control termination lapping hydraulic bracket |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |