CN110408570B - Antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof - Google Patents

Antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110408570B
CN110408570B CN201910742201.1A CN201910742201A CN110408570B CN 110408570 B CN110408570 B CN 110408570B CN 201910742201 A CN201910742201 A CN 201910742201A CN 110408570 B CN110408570 B CN 110408570B
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asarum
leaf blight
bacterial strain
brevibacillus laterosporus
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郭靖
刘亚苓
于营
王英平
崔丽丽
侯薇
雷慧霞
鲁海坤
隋昕
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof, wherein the antagonistic bacterial strain is separated from rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants and is used for antagonizing pathogenic bacteria of asarum leaf blight; the classification is named as: brevibacillus laterosporus (Brevibacillus laterosporus); the preservation number is: CGMCC No. 18015; according to the method, the antagonistic bacterial strain brevibacillus laterosporus with a biocontrol effect on asarum leaf blight is separated from rhizosphere soil of a healthy asarum plant, and then an in-plate bacteriostasis effect test and a living body antagonism effect test are carried out, so that the control effect of the antagonistic bacterial strain brevibacillus laterosporus is 79.87%, the antagonistic bacterial strain brevibacillus laterosporus has a good control effect on the occurrence of asarum leaf blight, and the increase of the activity of disease resistance related enzyme in the asarum plant can be induced, so that the infection of diseases is resisted.

Description

Antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of microbiological engineering and technology, and particularly relates to an antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof.
Background
The asarum herb is also called slender ginseng and marshmallow, is a perennial herb belonging to the genus aristolochiaceae, is an important medicinal plant, is warm in nature and pungent in taste, has the effects of warming channel and dispelling cold, dispelling wind and relieving pain, dredging orifices, relieving cough and asthma and promoting blood circulation, and is used for treating symptoms such as wind-cold headache, phlegm retention and cough and asthma, arthralgia, toothache, nasosinusitis and the like. The leaf blight of the asarum is a typical multicycle disease, the pathogenic bacteria is Acer mono spike (Mycocentrospora acerina (Hartig) Deihton), conidia of the Acer mono spike is a main infection source, can mainly damage leaves through rainwater splashing and airflow transmission, the disease spots are nearly round, the periphery of brown color is accompanied by wheel marks, serious disease spot rot and perforation occur, the whole leaf withers, and the yield and the quality of the asarum are seriously influenced.
The traditional chemical control method has the characteristics of quick effect, wide sterilization spectrum and the like, but the problems of drug residue, food safety, environmental pollution and the like caused by unreasonable use of chemical pesticides are increasingly shown, even the pests are rampant and the drug resistance of diseases is increased gradually, the biological control can control plant diseases and insect pests under the condition of no environmental pollution, has the advantages of safety, no residue, strong specificity and the like, the biological control strain is utilized to control the asarum diseases, the biological control strain is beneficial to the quality of medicinal materials, the yield of the medicinal materials is improved, the biological control strain has double benefits of ecology and economy, the research on the biological control of the leaf blight of the asarum is less at home and abroad at present, chemical pesticide can cause drug residue on the control of the leaf blight of the asarum, so the quality and the quality of the medicinal materials are influenced, therefore, the invention provides an antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof, aiming at solving the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight and application thereof, wherein antagonistic bacterial strain-brevibacillus laterosporus with biological control effect on asarum leaf blight is separated from rhizosphere soil of asarum healthy plants, and then a plate antibacterial effect test and a living body antagonistic effect test are carried out on the screened antagonistic bacterial strain, so that the control effect of the antagonistic bacterial strain-brevibacillus laterosporus is 79.87%, the antagonistic bacterial strain-brevibacillus laterosporus has better control effect on the occurrence of asarum leaf blight, and the increase of the activity of disease resistance related enzyme in asarum plants can be induced, thereby preventing the infection of diseases.
The invention provides an antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight, which is separated from rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants and is used for antagonizing pathogenic bacteria of asarum leaf blight; the classification is named as: brevibacillus laterosporus (Brevibacillus laterosporus); the preservation number is: CGMCC No. 18015; preservation time: 6 months and 21 days 2019; and (4) storage address: western road No.1, north west city of township, beijing, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences; the preservation unit: china general microbiological culture Collection center.
The further improvement lies in that: the antagonistic bacterial strain is a strain culture, a fermentation broth or a filtrate of a fermentation broth.
The further improvement lies in that: the application of the biological agent taking the antagonistic bacterial strain as an active ingredient in the prevention and treatment of the asarum leaf blight is disclosed.
The further improvement lies in that: the antagonistic bacterial strain controls the occurrence and development of asarum leaf blight and has the effect of preventing the occurrence of asarum leaf blight.
An application of antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating leaf blight of herba asari in preventing and treating Acer mono Maxim Fusarium.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of separating an antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, which has a biocontrol effect on asarum leaf blight from rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants, taking asarum leaf blight bacteria as target bacteria, screening the antagonistic bacterial strain by a plate confronting method, and then carrying out in-plate bacteriostasis effect test and living body antagonism effect test on the screened antagonistic bacterial strain to obtain the antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, with the control effect of 79.87%, wherein the antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, has a good control effect on the occurrence of asarum leaf blight, and can induce the increase of the activity of disease resistance related enzyme in asarum plants, so that the infection of diseases is resisted, scientific data support is provided for the biological control of asarum leaf blight, and the development of the biological control of asarum leaf blight can be effectively promoted.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the constant temperature confrontation culture of the present invention on inhibiting pathogenic bacteria of leaf blight of asarum.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the hypha morphology of pathogenic bacteria of leaf blight of asarum after treatment with the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the preventive effect of the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in asarum plants induced by the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the activity of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) induced in asarum plants by the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the induction of Peroxidase (POD) activity in asarum plants by the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the activity of the antagonistic bacterial strain of the present invention in inducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) in asarum plants.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
This example proposes the isolation, screening and characterization of an antagonistic bacterial strain, Brevibacillus laterosporus: separating various strains from the rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants by a gradient dilution method, screening an antagonistic bacterial strain with the serial number of S2-31 by using asarum leaf blight as a target bacterium by adopting a plate confronting method, and classifying and naming the antagonistic bacterial strain as Brevibacillus laterosporus (Brevibacillus laterosporus) through morphological and molecular biological identification;
the specific process for separating and screening the antagonistic bacterial strain comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: separating antagonistic bacterial strains by adopting a soil dilution separation method, adding 10g of asarum healthy plant rhizosphere soil into a triangular flask with 90mL of sterile water, then carrying out oscillation treatment on the triangular flask for 20min at the oscillation treatment speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing to prepare a soil suspension, and diluting the soil suspension to 10 degrees-4、10-5、10-6Three gradients;
step two: are respectively from 10-4、10-5、10-6Sucking 100uL of diluted soil suspension in the three gradients, and uniformly coating the diluted soil suspension in an NA flat plate; coating 3 flat plates in each gradient manner as repetition to obtain 9 NA flat plates uniformly coated with the diluted soil suspension;
step four: carrying out constant-temperature culture on 9 NA flat plates uniformly coated with diluted soil suspension at the constant-temperature culture temperature of 28 ℃ for 2 days, carrying out streak purification according to colony morphology, and storing the obtained different strains for later use in a 4 ℃ sterile environment;
step five: the asarum leaf blight bacteria are used as target bacteria, antagonistic bacteria are screened by adopting a flat plate confronting method to obtain antagonistic bacterial strains, then strain identification is carried out according to methods of morphology and molecular biology, and identification results show that the antagonistic bacterial strains are cultured for 24 hours to form typical bacterial colonies, the bacterial colonies on an NA culture medium are yellow white, the edges of the bacterial colonies at the later stage of culture are yellow brown, smooth in edges, flat and convex in the center, gram staining results are variable, and spores are laterally grown;
16S rDNA sequence identification of the antagonistic bacterial strain and nucleic acid sequence BLAST analysis in GenBank database revealed that the antagonistic bacterial strain had 99% homology with Brevibacillus laterosporus and was identified as Brevibacillus laterosporus.
Example two
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this example proposes the inhibition of the hyphal growth of Asarum cladosporium by the antagonistic bacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus: carrying out constant-temperature opposite culture on antagonistic bacteria, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus and pathogenic bacteria of leaf blight of asarum, namely Acer mono-spinosa, wherein the constant-temperature opposite culture temperature is 25 ℃, the constant-temperature culture time is 7 days, and observing the edge hypha form of the pathogenic bacteria subjected to opposite culture;
the phenomenon that most of marginal hyphae of pathogenic bacteria colony have breakage, distortion, constriction and chlamydospore increase is observed under a microscope (shown in figure 2), and the antagonistic bacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus has an obvious inhibiting effect on the growth of the pathogenic bacteria of the bacterial leaf blight of the asarum, namely the Acer nikoense (shown in figure 1).
EXAMPLE III
According to the results shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the present example proposes the determination of antagonistic effect of Brevibacillus laterosporus on the antagonistic effect of asarum leaf blight pot culture living body, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: inoculating 24h activated antagonistic bacterium strain Brevibacillus laterosporus into sterilized LB liquid culture medium with 150mL, shaking at 180r/min and 32 deg.C for 48h to obtain thallus fermentation liquid, and adjusting the thallus fermentation liquid to 1 × 10 concentration8Bacterial suspension per mL;
step two: the determination of the antagonistic effect is divided into 2 treatments, namely, inoculation of an antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, then inoculation of a treatment group of a leaf blight pathogenic bacterium and inoculation of only the leaf blight pathogenic bacterium, namely a control group (CK group) of Acer nikoense and spraying of sterile water, then 200 asarum leaves with consistent growth vigor are selected from healthy potted asarum, 100 asarum leaves are treated in each treatment group, and 6 round holes are drilled in each leaf;
step three: the inoculation prevention treatment group is uniformly sprayed with bacterial suspension firstly, the asarum leaf blight pathogenic bacteria-maple fungus spore is inoculated after 3h, the control group is sprayed with sterile water firstly, the leaf blight pathogenic bacteria is inoculated after 3h, then the disease condition is observed after moisturizing culture for 3 days, the control effect statistics (shown in figure 3) is carried out, the disease grade standard is shown in table 1, the disease index calculation formula is shown in formula (1), and the control effect calculation formula is shown in formula (2):
TABLE 1 criteria for disease incidence rating
Grade Standard of merit
Level
0 No scab
Level 1 The lesion area accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area
Grade 3 The area of the lesion spots accounts for 6 to 10 percent of the whole leaf area
Grade 5 The area of the lesion spots accounts for 11 to 25 percent of the whole leaf area
Stage 7 The area of the lesion spots accounts for 26 to 50 percent of the whole leaf area
Grade 9 The lesion area accounts for more than 50% of the whole leaf area
Figure BDA0002164335440000061
Figure BDA0002164335440000062
The statistical test result of the control effect shows that the disease index of the leaf of the treatment group only inoculated with the pathogenic bacteria of the leaf blight of asarum, namely acer monascus is 30.67, the disease index of the treatment group of the antibacterial strain, namely the brevibacillus laterosporus is 6.17, and the control effect is 79.87%.
Example four
As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7, this example proposes the measurement of the activity of the enzyme against the bacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus, which is associated with the disease resistance in Asarum plants: measuring the activity of the disease resistance related enzyme of herba asari at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after the vaccination treatment, including the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), Peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD);
the detection of the enzyme activity related to disease resistance shows that after the antibacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus is inoculated, the activities of PPO, PAL, POD and SOD in asarum leaves are obviously increased compared with the asarum leaves which are not inoculated with the antagonistic bacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus, which shows that the antibacterial strain Brevibacillus laterosporus can induce the increase of the enzyme activity related to disease resistance in asarum plants (as shown in figures 4, 5, 6 and 7), thereby resisting the infection of diseases.
The method comprises the steps of separating an antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, which has a biocontrol effect on asarum leaf blight from rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants, taking asarum leaf blight bacteria as target bacteria, screening the antagonistic bacterial strain by a plate confronting method, and then carrying out in-plate bacteriostasis effect test and living body antagonism effect test on the screened antagonistic bacterial strain to obtain the antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, with the control effect of 79.87%, wherein the antagonistic bacterial strain, namely Brevibacillus laterosporus, has a good control effect on the occurrence of asarum leaf blight, and can induce the increase of the activity of disease resistance related enzyme in asarum plants, so that the infection of diseases is resisted, scientific data support is provided for the biological control of asarum leaf blight, and the development of the biological control of asarum leaf blight can be effectively promoted.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. An antagonistic bacterial strain for preventing and treating asarum leaf blight, which is characterized in that: the antagonistic bacterial strain is separated from rhizosphere soil of healthy asarum plants and is used for antagonizing pathogenic bacteria of leaf blight of asarum; the classification is named as: brevibacillus laterosporus (A) ((B))Brevibacillus laterosporus) (ii) a The preservation number is: CGMCC No. 18015; preservation time: 6 months and 21 days 2019; and (4) storage address: western road No.1, north west city of township, beijing, institute of microbiology, china academy of sciences; the preservation unit: china general microbiological culture Collection center.
2. A culture, fermentation broth, or filtrate of a fermentation broth of the strain of Brevibacillus laterosporus of claim 1.
3. An application of a biological agent using the brevibacillus laterosporus as the active component in the prevention and treatment of asarum leaf blight.
4. The application of Brevibacillus laterosporus in preventing and treating asarum leaf blight according to claim 1, wherein Brevibacillus laterosporus controls occurrence and development of asarum leaf blight and has an effect of preventing occurrence of asarum leaf blight.
5. The use of Brevibacillus laterosporus according to claim 1 for the control of the pathogenic bacterium Acer nikosporum.
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