CN110405322A - The control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current - Google Patents
The control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current Download PDFInfo
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- CN110405322A CN110405322A CN201910331315.7A CN201910331315A CN110405322A CN 110405322 A CN110405322 A CN 110405322A CN 201910331315 A CN201910331315 A CN 201910331315A CN 110405322 A CN110405322 A CN 110405322A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
- B23K9/1006—Power supply
- B23K9/1043—Power supply characterised by the electric circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
Abstract
The present invention provides the control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current, and in large-scale welding current domain, the variation corresponding to the double endotherms for being detached from molten drop and molten bath maintains the suitable droplet transfer, can obtain good weld job.The source of welding current (10) has the storage unit DB of the melting information of the welding wire (1) under at least composition with every kind of protective gas.If welding wire feeding speed setting signal (Wff) (m/min) is input into storage unit DB, then in the case where the welding current signal (Ir) obtained from melting information is 350A situation below, external behavior inclination signal (Ks) (V/100A) is controlled corresponding to welding current signal (Ir), it becomes and the upper limit is set as 0.004 × Ir-1.9, lower limit is set as in the suitable range of 0.0032 × Ir-3.82, in addition, in the case where welding current signal (Ir) is more than 350A, external behavior inclination signal (Ks) (V/100A) is controlled corresponding to welding current signal (Ir), it becomes and the upper limit is set as -0.0067 × Ir+1.8333, lower limit is set as in -2.7 suitable range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control methods of the source of welding current and the source of welding current.In more detail, it is related to corresponding to protective gas
Composition, preferably also correspond in addition to this self-consuming electrode material property to control by each welding current domain be suitble to it is outer
Portion's characteristic is to carry out the source of welding current of gas protective arc welding and the control method of the source of welding current.
Background technique
Gas protective arc welding welding condition, self-consuming electrode according to as protective gas composition or welding current
The material of (also referred to as " welding wire ") etc. and the behavior of droplet transfer changes.Weld job presses the row of every kind of droplet transfer
For and it is different.In order to promote the weld job of gas protective arc welding with the control of source of welding current side, need by every kind
The behavior of droplet transfer is suitably controlled.There is arc length control in one of the controlling element, by maintaining suitable electricity
Arc length can promote weld job.
Known arc length control contributes to the external behavior of the source of welding current.External behavior indicate arc voltage with
The relationship of welding current is determined by the gradient (gradient of external behavior) in the relationship of arc voltage and welding current
The output characteristics of the gain of arc length control.The gradient of the external behavior is smaller, even if then more change as welding current,
The output characteristics that arc voltage also hardly changes, commonly referred to as constant voltage characteristic.On the other hand, the gradient of external behavior is got over
Greatly, then more become the output characteristics hardly changed arc voltage variation, welding current, commonly referred to as constant current is special
Property.
As improving the technology of weld job from the viewpoint of the external behavior, such as there are a patent document 1, patent
Document 2.Patent Document 1 discloses the inclinations that the welding wire deposition amount by corresponding to per unit weld length makes external behavior
Degree variation, the output control method to make the stabilized self-consuming electrode arc source of welding current of welded condition.In addition, in patent text
It offers in 2 and discloses: moved in parallel by the direction for increasing and decreasing external behavior to voltage value to re-form, so that weldingvoltage is flat
Sliding signal is substantially equal to voltage setting signal, the change of arc length caused by the variation of distance between mouth one can be inhibited to be soldered object
Change, obtains good welding quality always.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1:JP special open 2012-86275 bulletin
Patent document 2:JP special open 2002-254172 bulletin
But the condition for controlling the gradient of external behavior in patent document 1, is set as welding wire deposition amount.Gas shield electricity
Arc welding is as described above, and according to welding condition, material of welding wire etc., the transitional form of molten drop, behavior change.The mistake
Cross form, behavior is not solely dependent on the deposition amount of welding wire, speed of welding, additionally aid from welding wire be detached from molten drop (hereinafter referred to as
Make " be detached from molten drop ") and molten bath double endotherms.Such as since the temperature in molten bath is more improving, viscosity, surface tension more, drops
Low, the shake in molten bath more becomes larger, it is therefore desirable to carry out control corresponding with the shake.
So viscosity, double endotherms as surface tension and temperature have dependence, the temperature according to welding current,
Material property and change.
As described above, in order to add the control of double endotherms, need to be detached from the temperature in molten drop and molten bath by every kind
Degree is controlled by every kind of welding current and material property, but is not had in patent document 1 and patent document 2 to these
Any consideration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is proposed in view of project above-mentioned, it is intended that providing corresponding in large-scale welding current domain
Maintain the suitable droplet transfer, in the variation for the double endotherms for being detached from molten drop and molten bath so as to obtaining good weld job
The source of welding current of property and the control method of the source of welding current.
Based on relevant purpose, the present invention is the source of welding current, for carrying out gas shielded arc welding using self-consuming electrode
It connects, the source of welding current is characterized in that, the source of welding current has storage unit DB, is at least had and is determined every kind of protective gas
Composition under welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) and the pass suitable welding current, that is, welding current signal Ir (A)
The database of the relationship of system and welding current signal Ir (A) and external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A) melts letter
The arbitrary welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) will be input to the storage unit DB by breath, from the melting
The welding current signal Ir that information obtains is to control in 350A situation below corresponding to the welding current signal Ir
External behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A) becomes the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks being set as 0.004
× Ir-1.9, lower limit is set as in the suitable range of 0.0032 × Ir-3.82, is more than 350A's in the welding current signal Ir
In the case of, the external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A) is controlled corresponding to the welding current signal Ir, make its at
For the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks is become -0.0067 × Ir+1.8333, lower limit is set as to -2.7 suitable model
In enclosing.
It in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is characterized in that, the melting information is in addition to by every kind of protective gas
Composition other than also come by least one element in the protrusion length of the composition of every kind of self-consuming electrode, line footpath or welding wire
It can be carried out the welding current signal of optimal welding for the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) decision
The database of Ir.
It in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is characterized in that, the self-consuming electricity contained in the melting information
Pole relative to the self-consuming electrode full weight amount and containing mass %, Mn:0.20 of Si:0.20~2.00~3.00 mass %,
Cr:30 mass % or less (including 0%), Ni:15 mass % or less (including 0%), the total of Si, Mn, Cr and Ni is 0.50
The range of~45 mass %.
In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is characterized in that, 0.0010≤(Cr+O) of the self-consuming electrode satisfaction/
(Ni+Mn+Si)≤1.7000。
It in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is characterized in that, the self-consuming electrode further contains S:0.0010
~0.0500 mass %, O:0.0005~0.0500 mass % meets 0.0020 mass %≤(S+O)≤0.0700 mass %.
In addition, the present invention is the control method of the source of welding current, for carrying out gas shielded arc welding using self-consuming electrode
It connects, the control method of the source of welding current is characterized in that, the source of welding current has storage unit DB, at least has decision every
Welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) and suitable welding current, that is, welding current under the composition of kind protective gas believe
The data of the relationship of the relationship and welding current signal Ir (A) and external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A) of number Ir (A)
Library melts information, the arbitrary welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) is input to the storage unit DB, In
The welding current signal Ir obtained from the melting information is in 350A situation below, to correspond to the welding current and believe
Number Ir controls external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A), becomes the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks
It is set as 0.004 × Ir-1.9, is set as lower limit in the suitable range of 0.0032 × Ir-3.82, in the welding current signal Ir
In the case where more than 350A, the external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/ is controlled corresponding to the welding current signal Ir
100A), it becomes and the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks is set as -0.0067 × Ir+1.8333, sets lower limit
For in -2.7 suitable range.
It in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is characterized in that, the melting information is in addition to by every kind of protective gas
Composition other than also come by least one element in the protrusion length of the composition of every kind of self-consuming electrode, line footpath or welding wire
It can be carried out the welding current signal of optimal welding for the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) decision
The database of Ir.
The effect of invention
The control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current according to the present invention, by correspond to every kind of welding condition and
The melting information of the welding wire of the material property of welding wire makes being suitble to of gradient of external behavior, can well keep weld job
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the frame for indicating the electric arc welding power supply of output control method involved in an embodiment of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the welding wire indicated possessed by storage unit DB under the composition of every kind of protective gas and the material property of welding wire
Melting information, that is, welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr (m/min) and welding current signal Ir relationship chart.
Fig. 3 is the figure for indicating to be suitble to the relationship of welding current i.e. welding current signal Ir and external behavior inclination signal Ks
Table.
The explanation of appended drawing reference
1 self-consuming electrode (welding wire)
2 base materials
3 electric arcs
4 ignition tips
10 sources of welding current
PM electric power main circuit
ED output voltage detecting circuit
Ed voltage sense signal
AMP voltage error amplifying circuit
Amp voltage error amplified signal
ADD adder operation circuit
Ecr controls output voltage setting signal
VS output voltage initialization circuit
Vs output voltage setting signal
ID welding current detection circuit
Id welding current detects signal
VD weldingvoltage detection circuit
Vd weldingvoltage detects signal
SD short circuit decision circuit
Sd short circuit determines signal
WFR welding wire feeding speed initialization circuit
Wfr welding wire feeding speed setting signal
Storage unit DB includes the database of melting information
Ir welding current signal
Ks external behavior inclination signal
EXC external behavior voltage correcting circuit
Exc external behavior voltage signal
Voltage correcting circuit during ESC short circuit
Voltage correction signal during Esc short circuit
Voltage correcting circuit during EAC electric arc
Voltage correction signal during Eac electric arc
WL reactance
Specific embodiment
Carry out the control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current involved in the present invention will be described in detail below based on attached drawing
One embodiment.
<block diagram of the source of welding current>
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for indicating the electric arc welding power supply of output control method involved in embodiments of the present invention.Separately
Outside, Fig. 1 is to be not limited to present embodiment for illustrating an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the electric power main circuit PM of the source of welding current 10, will using source power supplies such as 3 phase 200V as input
The alternating voltage of input amplifies according to the error of aftermentioned control output voltage setting signal Ecr and voltage sense signal Ed
Signal carries out output control by inversion control, contravariant transformer, rectifier etc., exports output voltage V and welding current I.Separately
Outside, reactance WL carries out output voltage smooth.Welding wire 1 is by pre-determined feed speed in ignition tip (contact tip) 4
It is inside fed, electric arc 3 is generated between base material 2.
Storage unit DB (database comprising melting information) storage is about the weldering for being directed to welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr
It connects the melting information of conditions such as material property, the protective gas composition of material, establish associated optimal weldering with the melting information
Meet current signal Ir and external behavior inclination signal Ks.In addition, also storing correction used in other controls in storage unit DB
Coefficient etc..
Welding current detection circuit ID detection welding current I simultaneously exports welding current detection signal Id.Welding current detection
Signal Id by digital conversion, is output to during aftermentioned electric arc electricity during voltage correcting circuit EAC, short circuit in A/D transformation component
Press correcting circuit ESC and external behavior voltage correcting circuit EXC.
[short-circuit decision circuit SD]
Short-circuit decision circuit SD is using the weldingvoltage detected in weldingvoltage detection circuit VD detection signal Vd as defeated
Enter value to determine short circuit or electric arc, short circuit when short circuit as high level is determined that signal Sd is output to voltage during electric arc
Voltage correcting circuit ESC during correcting circuit EAC, short circuit.In addition, being predetermined benchmark in weldingvoltage detection signal Vd
It is determined as short circuit in value (such as 15V) situation below, is determined as electric arc in the case where being more than a reference value.
[voltage correcting circuit EAC during electric arc]
Voltage correcting circuit EAC includes following element and constitutes during electric arc: is filled up in during short circuit in during electric arc
The voltage instruction value of the voltage instruction value of reduction fills up control unit；It is elongated during being directed to not short-circuit in short circuit welding, make defeated
The instruction tape gradient is out to make shorted period stabilized output voltage slope control portion；Seek the transient period in soldered ball region
Stabilized instantaneous voltage control unit；And stabilized Current Feedback Control portion is sought for outer disturb such as blowing on electric arc.
Voltage correcting circuit EAC is calculated in the case where short circuit determines that signal Sd is not high level aftermentioned during electric arc
Voltage instruction value fill up control unit, output voltage slope control portion, instantaneous voltage control unit and Current Feedback Control portion etc.
The instruction value of output, and export voltage correction signal Eac during electric arc.In addition, voltage correction signal Eac during the electric arc of output
It can be according to the aftermentioned instruction value filled up with such as following formula characterization.
Eac=Vo_err-Vo_slp+Vo_direct
As described later, Vo_err characterizes the command quantity filled up, and Vo_slp characterizes gradient amount, Vo_direct characterization
Instantaneous voltage control amount.
In addition, determining signal Sd in short circuit to export Eac=0 in the case where high level.
(voltage instruction value fills up control unit)
Voltage instruction value is filled up control unit and add the output voltage instruction of reduction middle during short circuit during electric arc
Control.The command quantity Vo_err filled up is according in advance in the augmenting factor K1 of storage unit DB setting, output voltage setting
Signal Vs and control output voltage setting signal Ecr, is sought by formula as shown below.
Vo_err=K1 × (Vs-Ecr)
In the case where the amount of filling up is to be suitble to range, melting speed when short circuit is welded is more stable.
(output voltage slope control portion)
Output voltage slope control portion in the case where elongated during not short-circuit, carries out making to export in short circuit welding
The control slowly reduced.Gradient amount Vo_slp generated again according to electric arc after during t and be pre-stored within the benefit of storage unit DB
Positive coefficient K2 is sought by formula as shown below.
Vo_slp=K2 × t
In the case where the gradient amount is to be suitble to range, the stabilisation of shorted period can be sought.
(instantaneous voltage control unit)
Instantaneous voltage control unit corresponds to control output voltage setting signal Ecr high speed increase and decrease output voltage.It can seek electricity
Stabilisation during arc, to facilitating the instantaneous voltage control amount Vo_direct of the increase and decrease according to setting in advance in storage unit DB
Augmenting factor K3, output voltage setting signal Vs and the weldingvoltage detection letter that detects in weldingvoltage detection circuit VD
Number Vd, is sought by formula as shown below.
Vo_direct=K3 × (Vs-Vd)
(Current Feedback Control portion)
Current Feedback Control portion can eliminate by the electric arc for disturbing generation outside deviation, on blow etc. it is unstable.Carry out inhibition electric arc
The control of more than a certain amount of curent change of period.Control amount Vo_act is according in advance in the augmenting factor of storage unit DB setting
K4, welding current detection signal Id, average welding current detect signal Id_ave, welding current signal Ir, by as shown below
Formula seek.
Vo_act=K4 × (Id_ave-Ir-Id)
[voltage correcting circuit ESC during short circuit]
Voltage correcting circuit ESC includes following element and constitutes during short circuit: inhibiting the electric current increased wink at short-circuit initial stage
When short circuit inhibit control unit；The electronic inductor control unit of current increasing rate during control short circuit；And length is crossed in short circuit
The long-term short circuit of compulsory commutation short circuit releases control unit in the case where period.
Voltage correcting circuit ESC corresponds in the case where short circuit determines signal Sd for high level in short circuit during short circuit
In period voltage correcting circuit ESC short circuit duration timer measurement short circuit duration come select aftermentioned instantaneous short-circuit inhibit
Control unit, electronic inductor control unit and long-term short circuit release the instruction value of control unit output, and voltage during output short-circuit
Make corrections signal Esc.
In addition, exporting Esc=0 in the case where short circuit determines that signal Sd is not high level.
(instantaneous short-circuit inhibition control unit)
If time for having started of short circuit be in advance in the instantaneous short-circuit time of storage unit DB setting hereinafter, if instantaneous short-circuit suppression
Control unit processed make the control output voltage setting signal Ecr at short-circuit initial stage to reduce, inhibit the increased control of electric current.Thus, it is possible to
Inhibit instantaneous short-circuit, lowers sputtering.
(electronic inductor control unit)
Electronic inductor control unit can seek the stabilization in period droplet transfer by inhibiting the current increasing rate during short circuit
Change, sputtering can be lowered.Electronic inductor control amount di_integ according in advance storage unit DB setting augmenting factor K6, K7 with
And current deviation Δ Id, it is sought by formula as shown below.
Di_integ=∑ (Δ Id × K6-K7)
(long-term short circuit releases control unit)
Long-term short circuit releases control unit by compulsory commutation short circuit in the case where short-circuit long life, can seek short circuiting transfer
The stabilisation in period.Become in the time that short circuit has started and releases the situation more than time in the short circuit of storage unit DB setting in advance
Under carry out making the increased control of electric current.
Voltage error amplifying circuit AMP will be used for defeated using the voltage error amplified signal Amp of average voltage feedback control
Electric power main circuit PM is arrived out.The signal becomes the voltage sense signal Ed that will be detected in output voltage detecting circuit ED and control
The signal of the error amplification of output voltage setting signal Ecr processed.Voltage sense signal Ed becomes in electric power main circuit PM
Contravariant transformer (not shown) 3 windings by output voltage rectification, smoothing value.
On the other hand, control output voltage setting signal Ecr will be electric during voltage correction signal Eac, short circuit during electric arc
The instruction value of pressure correction signal Esc and aftermentioned external behavior voltage signal Exc is defeated in adder operation circuit ADD phase adduction
Out, as the value filled up to the output voltage setting signal Vs of input.
[external behavior voltage correcting circuit EXC]
External behavior voltage correcting circuit EXC is to the Current Voltage output characteristics of the source of welding current, i.e. external behavior gradient
Signal Ks makes corrections.External behavior inclination signal Ks is obtained by the melting information of storage unit DB.External behavior is added to incline
The voltage compensating value Vo_ext of steepness signals Ks is from external behavior inclination signal Ks, the welding current obtained by storage unit DB
Signal Ir and welding current detect signal Id, are sought by formula as shown below.
Vo_ext=Ks × (Id-Ir)
The above-mentioned external behavior inclination signal Ks being used in control like that is different and best according to aftermentioned melting information
Range it is different.If the gradient of external behavior inclination signal Ks is cannot to maintain suitable electricity outside the optimum range
Arc length, electric arc become unstable, and become the increase, welding defect for causing sputtering will be because.
Gas protective arc welding is as described above, according to conditions such as protective gas, welding currents to the droplet transfer
Form changes, it is necessary to change the optimum range of external behavior inclination signal Ks by its different shape.Determine molten drop mistake
The maximum factor crossed is the feed speed of protective gas, welding current and welding wire.In addition, if welding current be not for into
The value of suitable melt equilibrium can be taken to speed, then in the optimization of the melt equilibrium, needs to add the material property of welding wire.
Thus external behavior inclination signal Ks used in the control of present embodiment is set corresponding to welding wire feeding speed
Determine signal Wfr (m/min) to be controlled by each welding current domain.In addition, to whether be the welding current domain judgement, with from
Based on the optimal welding current value that the melting information of material property comprising protective gas composition and welding wire obtains.
<control method of the source of welding current>
The control method of the source of welding current involved in present embodiment will be illustrated next.
The material properties such as the composition of the source of welding current 10 of present embodiment and protective gas, the composition of welding wire 1 or line footpath
Information together, inputs welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr and output voltage setting signal Vs.As a result, according in storage unit
The relationship (melting information) of the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr and welding current signal Ir as shown in Figure 2 of DB storage,
To seek the welding current signal Ir as suitable welding current.And then from welding current signal Ir as shown in Figure 3 and outside
The relationship of portion feature tilt degree signal Ks obtains external behavior inclination signal Ks.Then according to welding wire feeding speed setting signal
Wfr, output voltage setting signal Vs and external behavior inclination signal Ks control the source of welding current 10 suitably to be welded.
In the present embodiment, be divided into welding current signal Ir be 350A or less situation and more than the case where 350A come into
Row control.
In the control of present embodiment, welding current signal Ir be 350A situation below under, as shown in Figure 3 that
Sample controls corresponding to welding current signal Ir, determines its external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A), so that as will
The upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks is set as 0.004 × Ir-1.9, lower limit is set as to being suitble to for 0.0032 × Ir-3.82
In range.
In the case where welding current signal Ir is 350A situation below, become during short circuit based on current field.If in 350A
Feature tilt degree signal Ks in range inside and outside below is lower than its lower limit (0.0032 × Ir-3.82), then external behavior gradient
Signal Ks becomes excessively precipitous (constant-current characteristic is become too strong).Thus during short circuit, the variation of output voltage becomes excessively
Sensitivity, shorted period become unstable.
On the other hand, if external behavior inclination signal Ks is more than the upper limit (0.004 × Ir-1.9), external behavior inclination
Degree signal Ks becomes excessively flat (constant voltage characteristic is become too strong).For this purpose, in short circuit, transient current rises, when short circuit releases
The sputtering of generation becomes more, is not suitable as the external behavior inclination signal Ks of the control used in present embodiment.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3, corresponding to welding current signal Ir in the case where welding current Ir is more than 350A
Come control, i.e. determine external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A) so that become by external behavior inclination signal Ks's
The upper limit is set as -0.0067 × Ir+1.8333, is set as lower limit in -2.7 suitable range.
In the case where welding current Ir is more than 350A, become during electric arc based on current field.Based on during electric arc
Current range external behavior inclination signal Ks is preferably set as flat (constant voltage characteristic is strong) for pilot arc length.
If be more than 350A range lower outer portion feature tilt degree signal Ks lower than its lower limit (- 2.7), arc length becomes unstable
It is fixed.
On the other hand, if external behavior inclination signal Ks is more than the upper limit (- 0.0067 × Ir+1.8333), electricity is welded
Flow through in sensitively changing, during electric arc in period droplet transfer become in a jumble, the increase of sputtering can be incurred as a result.
<melting information>
As shown in FIG. 2 and 3 like that, in the melting information of the welding wire 1 contained in storage unit DB, by protective gas
Composition is set as necessary information, preferably comprises the letter of material property as composition, line footpath or the prominent length of welding wire 1 in addition to this
At least one information in breath.
Melting information is to determine to take the welding wire feeding speed of optimal melt equilibrium to set letter based on these information
The relationship (referring to Fig. 2) and welding current signal Ir and external behavior of number Wfr (m/min) and welding current signal Ir tilts
Spend the database of the relationship (referring to Fig. 3) of signal Ks.That is, being deposited if arbitrary welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr is input to
Storage portion DB just obtains the welding wire for being most suitable for input according to the melting information for adding the composition of protective gas, the material property of welding wire 1
The external behavior inclination signal Ks of feed speed setting signal Wfr.
Each information is illustrated below detailed.
[composition of protective gas]
The type of gas is not particularly limited, as the composition of protective gas, the Ar preferably generally used in welding,
CO2Or their mixed gas.In addition, needing the information of mixing ratio in the case where mixed gas.Such as the ratio in Ar
20% and CO2Ratio 80% mixed gas and Ar ratio 80% and CO2Ratio 20% mixed gas in, by
Transfer manner of droplet when welding differs greatly, it is therefore desirable to be set to suitable control method.The composition of protective gas
Due to being important information, being set as must information.
[type of welding wire]
The type of welding wire is not particularly limited, and can be solid core welding wire, or can be the crust by presentation tubular and fill out
Fill the flux-cored wire (FCW) in the solder flux composition of the inside of the crust.These welding wires are preferably comprised in the melting information of welding wire
The steel grades such as information, mild steel, the stainless steel of type information or welding wire line footpath information.
In addition, flux-cored wire can be in the non-jointed seamless type of crust, in any of the jointed seamed type of crust
Form.In addition, solid core welding wire and flux-cored wire can implement copper plating in welding wire surface (outside of crust), it can also be not firm
It applies.
[composition of welding wire]
Welding wire is iron-based, when according to its composition, the resistance of welding wire or by welding melting double endotherms difference.Welding wire
The feed speed of welding wire and the relationship bring melt equilibrium of welding current of the upset butt welding when connecing contribute.That is, resistance
More high, the resistance heat for being added in welding wire is bigger, corresponding to its, so that welding wire is easy to melt.For this purpose, being set as low with using resistance
Welding wire when identical feed speed (maintaining same melt amount) in the case where, the high welding wire of resistance can be with lower welding current
It is welded.
In turn, the temperature of molten drop and molten bath when welding current is to welding contributes, which influences double endotherms.
Such as double endotherms as surface tension, viscosity are usually that the temperature the high, surface tension, viscosity more are reduced, temperature is lower,
Then surface tension, viscosity are higher.Even if can also be changed according to the composition of welding wire in addition, double endotherms temperature is fixed.Such as S,
O is famous surface active element, and the their additive amount the more, surface tension more is reduced.
Illustrate to carry out the excellent of welding wire contained in the melting information in the control of the source of welding current in present embodiment below
The composition of choosing.In addition, composition mentioned here is the composition of the full weight amount (welding wire full weight amount) relative to welding wire.In addition, in medicine
It is the composition relative to the full weight amount comprising solder flux and outer hoop (crust) in core welding wire.
(mass %, Mn:0.20 of Si:0.20~2.00~3.00 mass %)
Si, Mn are the elements to contribute to the resistance of welding wire.They add more more then resistance are higher, welding wire is more easy to
Melting.In addition, Si, Mn are also deoxidant element, it is the element that can be affected to surface tension.Thus in order in more stable progress
The melt equilibrium that preferred welding wire is obtained on the basis of the control of present embodiment (can maintain the feeding speed of suitable arc length
The optimum balance of degree and the relationship of welding current) and double endotherms, preferably Si, Mn respectively contain 0.20 mass % or more.Separately
On the one hand, if the additive amount of Si, Mn are excessively more, thick oxidation overlay film will be generated in weld pool surface, is had to present embodiment
A possibility that control brings adverse effect.Thus, it is excellent as the preferred range for the control for more stably carrying out present embodiment
Choosing provides Si in 2.00 mass % hereinafter, by Mn regulation below 3.00 mass %.
((including 0%) below Cr:30% mass, Ni:15 mass % or less (including 0%))
Cr, Ni can according to need any addition.Such as it may be said that in the case where the steel grade of welding wire is set as stainless steel
Generally to add.But Cr, Ni are the elements to contribute to the resistance of welding wire, and additive amount more increasing, improve by resistance more.
In addition, Cr is additive amount more improving the then more increased element of viscosity.Since resistance more improves, then put down to take to melt
Weighing apparatus, welding current are just controlled lower, therefore the viscosity of molten drop is more in increased tendency.On the other hand, Ni is viscosity
Reduced element.Thus, it is preferable on the basis of the more stable control for carrying out present embodiment, as the range of preferred viscosity,
Cr is inhibited in 30 mass % hereinafter, inhibiting Ni below 30 mass %.In addition, Cr and Ni all not special provision lower limits
(including 0%).
In addition, the element of Si, Mn, Ni, Cr due to all can to welding wire resistance, welding when double endotherms affect,
Therefore the additive value (Si+Mn+Ni+Cr) about its additive amount, there is suitable range.It is excellent for the control of present embodiment
In the range of selecting their additive value and being 0.50~45 mass %.
In turn, if from the viewpoint of viscosity, as described above, Ni is the element for reducing viscosity, and Cr is to make viscosity
Increased element.Other, Mn, Si are the elements for reducing viscosity, and O is to make the increased element of viscosity.
In order to more stably carry out the control of present embodiment, if 0.0010≤(Cr+O)/(Ni+Mn+Si)≤
1.7000, it is in suitable sticky range, more preferably.If in addition, due to be lower than 0.0010, be at viscosity be lower incline
To if being at the tendency that viscosity is got higher, therefore deflect away from from preferred range more than 1.7000.
(mass %, O:0.0005 of S:0.0010~0.0500~0.0500 mass %)
S, O is the element affected to the surface tension of molten metal.There are the more more then surfaces of their additive amount
The tendency that power more reduces.As the range of the preferred surface tension in the control for carrying out present embodiment, preferably S is with 0.0010
Quality % or more, 0.0500 mass % or less are added.It is preferred that O is with 0.0005 mass % or more, 0.0500 mass % or less
It is added.
In addition, they are preferably set as 0.0020 mass % or more, 0.0700 mass % or less with total (S+O).In turn, O
If volume is added, it will be combined with other elements (the especially deoxidant elements such as Si, Mn high with the compatibility of oxygen), become generation
The reason of aoxidizing overlay film.Thus in the ratio of S and O: in the case that S/O is 0.2 or more, oxidation overlay film caused by O can be inhibited
It generates, is more preferably set as 0.5 or more.
In addition, the element for being added to welding wire can also cooperate the drawing mechanical performances such as intensity, toughness arbitrarily add C, Mo, W,
Nb, V, Ti, Al, Zr, Ca, K, Na, B, Bi, N, Ra, Ce, Ta, Cu etc..
If due to these elements addition will much be affected to the resistance of welding wire, according to consider mechanical performance and
Optimum range when resistance, other elements are calculated as C:0.001~0.500%, Mo:3.00% or less, W respectively with quality %:
3.00% or less, Nb:3.00% or less, V:1.00% or less, Ti:1.00% or less, Al:1.00% or less, Zr:1.00% with
Under, Ca:0.500% or less, K:0.500% or less, Na:0.500% or less, B:0.500% or less, Bi:0.500% or less,
N:0.500% or less, Ra:0.500% or less, Ce:0.500% or less, Ta:3.00% or less, Cu:3.00% are hereinafter, residue
Part is more preferably set as Fe and impurity.
In addition, as impurity, such as P, Pb, Se can be enumerated etc..In addition, being located in the case where implementing plating to welding wire
It also include the amount of plating in above-mentioned element.
[line footpath of welding wire]
The line footpath of welding wire depends on the fusing easness of welding wire.Due to needing the heat for melting welding wire, line
The diameter the thick, welding wire more is difficult to melt.Preferred line footpath is the range of 0.8~2.4mm in the control for carrying out present embodiment, more
The preferably range of 0.9~1.6mm.
[the protrusion length of welding wire]
The protrusion length of welding wire refer between the energization point (MAG welding in be usually ignition tip front end) of welding wire and base material away from
From.Since prominent length is longer, then resistance heat is bigger, therefore welding wire is easy to melt.If considering for more stably carrying out this reality
The melt equilibrium of the control of mode is applied, then protrudes the range that length is preferably 10~35mm, the more preferably range of 15~30mm.
[for determining the other information of external behavior inclination signal Ks]
In addition, as the information for determining external behavior inclination signal Ks, it, can be with other than melting information above-mentioned
Combination construction information.As an example of construction information, speed of welding, angle of welding gun, advance/laggard angle, groove shape can be enumerated
Shape, the plate thickness of base material, material (information also comprising base materials surfaces such as plating) of base material etc..
As described above, according to the present embodiment the control method of the source of welding current and the source of welding current, passes through
Melting information corresponding to welding wire relevant to welding current and material property makes being suitble to of gradient of external behavior, can be good
Keep weld job well.
[embodiment]
Enumerate embodiment below to be further elaborated with the present invention.It, can be the present invention is not limited to these embodiments
It is suitble to add change in the range of purport of the invention to implement, they are all contained in the range of technology of the invention.
In order to confirm effectiveness of the invention, if carrying out soldering test: protective gas: 80%Ar under the conditions of as follows various
+ 20%CO2Mixed gas, welding wire: line footpathSolid core welding wire, overhang: it is fixed under 25mm, change consumable respectively
The chemical composition of formula electrode (welding wire).In addition, voltage is set as being suitble to voltage.In addition, the gradient (V/100A) of external behavior is transported
With from Fig. 2 and welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wff (m/min) shown in Fig. 3, welding current signal Ir (A) and outside
Value that relationship between feature tilt degree signal Ks (V/100A) is sought, external behavior inclination signal Ks (V/100A).
In addition, evaluating as welding quality sputtering.About evaluation criteria, the 1mm of base material will be not adhered to
The judgement of the attachment of the above big grain sputtering is evaluation " ◎ " (excellent), the quantity that the big grain of 1mm or more is sputtered be 10 with
Under judgement be evaluation "○" (good).
Test result and each welding condition are shown in table 1 and table 2 together.
[table 1]
[table 2]
Test No.1~5 shown in table 1 are the welding wires (welding welding wire) using same composition and respectively change welding wire feeding
Rate setting signal Wfr is come the test example welded.In addition, welding current signal Ir and external behavior inclination signal Ks
Change with welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr.
In the range of each composition and relational expression for testing the welding wire of No.1~5 are all preferred condition, it can obtain well
Welding quality (evaluation " ◎ " of sputtering).
Test No.6~20 shown in table 1 are that welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr is set as to composition that is fixed, making welding wire
The test example changed respectively.
Test No.6~9, test No.11, test No.13, each composition for testing No.15, the welding wire for testing No.17~20
And relational expression, it is all to obtain good welding quality (evaluation " ◎ " of sputtering) in the range of preferred condition.
On the other hand, the Si amount for testing No.10 is more than 2.00 mass %, and the Si amount for testing No.14 is insufficient
0.20 mass %, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is all "○".
The Mn amount for testing No.12 is more than 3.00 mass %, tests the Mn amount of No.16 less than 0.20 mass %
Not, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is all "○".
Test No.21~24 shown in table 1 are that welding wire feeding speed setting signal is set as to group ingredient that is fixed, making welding wire
The test example not changed.
No.21 is tested, although in the range of each group Chengdu about welding wire is preferred condition, due to " Si+Mn+Cr+
Ni " and " (Cr+O)/(Ni+Mn+Si) " are respectively more than 45 mass % and 1.7000, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is "○".
No.22 is tested, since further Cr amount is more than 30 mass %, the evaluation of sputtering is "○".
No.23 is tested, since " Si+Mn+Cr+Ni " and Ni amount are respectively more than 45 mass % and 15 mass %,
Therefore the evaluation of sputtering is "○".
Although test No.24 about welding wire it is each form be preferred condition in the range of, " Si+Mn+Cr+Ni " is
0.50 mass % is hereinafter, the evaluation of sputtering is "○".
Test No.25~36 shown in table 2 are that welding wire feeding speed setting signal is set as to fixed and welding wire composition
Also (composition other than this is identical, in the range of the preferred condition) test example for changing only S amount and O amount.
Test the welding wire of No.26,27,29,31,33 and 35 each group Chengdu be preferred condition in the range of, obtain
Good welding quality (evaluation " ◎ " of sputtering).
On the other hand, the S amount of No.25 is tested less than 0.0010 mass %, and the S amount for testing No.30 is more than
0.0500 mass %, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is all "○".
The O amount of No.28 is tested less than 0.0005 mass %, the O amount for testing No.32 is more than 0.0500 matter
% is measured, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is all "○".
Test No.34 and test No.36 include S, O, and welding wire it is each form be preferred condition in the range of, but
Test No.34 in " S+O " be more than 0.0700 mass %, test No.36 in " (Cr+O)/(Ni+Mn+Si) " deficiency
0.0010, therefore the evaluation of sputtering is all "○".
Shown in table 2 test No.37~45 be using in addition in the range of preferred condition it is each form other than also into
One step adds the test example of the welding wires of other compositions such as Ti, Al, Zr, Ca, B, Mo, V, Nb, Cu, K, Na, Ce, Ra, W, N, Ta.
Test the welding wire of No.37~45 each group Chengdu be preferred condition in the range of, obtain good welding quality
(evaluation " ◎ " of sputtering).
Claims (9)
1. a kind of source of welding current, for carrying out gas protective arc welding, the feature of the source of welding current using self-consuming electrode
It is,
The source of welding current has storage unit DB, and storage unit DB at least has the welding wire under the composition for determining every kind of protective gas
Feed speed setting signal Wfr and suitable welding current, that is, welding current signal Ir relationship and welding current signal Ir with
The database of the relationship of external behavior inclination signal Ks melts information, wherein the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr
Unit be m/min, the unit of the welding current signal Ir is A, and the unit of the external behavior inclination signal Ks is V/
100A,
The arbitrary welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr is input to the storage unit DB,
In the case where the welding current signal Ir obtained from the melting information is 350A situation below, correspond to the welding
Current signal Ir controls external behavior inclination signal Ks, becomes and sets the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks
It is set as 0.004 × Ir-1.9, by lower limit in the suitable range of 0.0032 × Ir-3.82,
In the case where the welding current signal Ir is more than 350A, controlled corresponding to the welding current signal Ir described outer
Portion feature tilt degree signal Ks, becoming becomes -0.0067 × Ir+ for the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks
1.8333, lower limit is set as in -2.7 suitable range.
2. the source of welding current according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The melting information be other than by the composition of every kind of protective gas also by the composition of the self-consuming electrode, line footpath or
Each of at least one element determines energy to be directed to the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr in the protrusion length of welding wire
Carry out the database of the welding current signal Ir of optimal welding.
3. the source of welding current according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The self-consuming electrode contained in the melting information, relative to the self-consuming electrode full weight amount and containing as follows
Element:
The mass of Si:0.20~2.00 %；
The mass of Mn:0.20~3.00 %；
Cr:30 mass % is hereinafter, including 0%；
Ni:15 mass % hereinafter, including 0%,
Si, Mn, Cr and Ni it is total be 0.50~45 mass % range.
4. the source of welding current according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The self-consuming electrode contained in the melting information relative to the self-consuming electrode full weight amount and containing as follows
Element:
The mass of Si:0.20~2.00 %；
The mass of Mn:0.20~3.00 %；
Cr:30 mass % is hereinafter, including 0%；
Ni:15 mass % hereinafter, including 0%,
Si, Mn, Cr and Ni it is total be 0.50~45 mass % range.
5. the source of welding current according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The self-consuming electrode meets 0.0010≤(Cr+O)/(Ni+Mn+Si)≤1.7000.
6. the source of welding current according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The self-consuming electrode meets 0.0010≤(Cr+O)/(Ni+Mn+Si)≤1.7000.
7. the source of welding current according to any one of claim 3~6, which is characterized in that
The self-consuming electrode further contains following element:
The mass of S:0.0010~0.0500 %；
The mass % of O:0.0005~0.0500,
Meet 0.0020 mass %≤(S+O)≤0.0700 mass %.
8. a kind of control method of the source of welding current, for carrying out gas protective arc welding, the welding using self-consuming electrode
The control method of power supply is characterized in that,
The source of welding current has storage unit DB, and storage unit DB at least has the welding wire under the composition for determining every kind of protective gas
Feed speed setting signal Wfr is with suitable welding current, that is, welding current signal Ir relationship and welding current signal I and outside
The database of the relationship of portion feature tilt degree signal Ks melts information, wherein the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr
Unit is m/min, and the unit of the welding current signal Ir is A, and the unit of the external behavior inclination signal Ks is V/
100A,
The arbitrary welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wfr is input to the storage unit DB,
In the case where the welding current signal Ir obtained from the melting information is 350A situation below, correspond to the welding
Current signal Ir controls external behavior inclination signal Ks, becomes and sets the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks
It is set as 0.004 × Ir-1.9, by lower limit in the suitable range of 0.0032 × Ir-3.82,
In the case where the welding current signal Ir is more than 350A, controlled corresponding to the welding current signal Ir described outer
Portion feature tilt degree signal Ks, becomes the upper limit of external behavior inclination signal Ks being set as -0.0067 × Ir+
1.8333, lower limit is set as in -2.7 suitable range.
9. the control method of the source of welding current according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
The melting information be other than by the composition of every kind of protective gas also by the composition of the self-consuming electrode, line footpath or
Each of at least one element determines energy to be directed to the welding wire feeding speed setting signal Wff in the protrusion length of welding wire
Carry out the database of the welding current signal Ir of optimal welding.
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| JP7017979B2 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
| JP2019188443A (en) | 2019-10-31 |
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