CN110398168B - Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110398168B
CN110398168B CN201910618752.7A CN201910618752A CN110398168B CN 110398168 B CN110398168 B CN 110398168B CN 201910618752 A CN201910618752 A CN 201910618752A CN 110398168 B CN110398168 B CN 110398168B
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phase
cover plate
observation window
change cavity
cavity
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CN110398168A (en
Inventor
吴亦农
闫凯芬
谢荣建
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature, which adopts a mechanical sealing mode and uses indium wires as sealing materials, thereby realizing the visual observation of a phase change process at low temperature. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the phase-change cavity adopts red copper, so that the heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved; the upper cover plate is made of stainless steel materials, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the heat exchanger is enhanced under the condition of reducing heat leakage of the upper surface; an observation window is arranged between the upper cover plate and the heat exchange cavity, so that visual observation of the phase change process is realized; the upper cover plate is sealed with the glass, and the glass is sealed with the phase-change cavity by indium wires, so that components with different linear expansion coefficients are well sealed in the cooling process, and phase-change heat exchange and observation at a low temperature of 80K are realized.

Description

Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phase change heat exchange, in particular to a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature.
Background
The phase change heat exchanger is a practical device for efficiently utilizing energy. The heat exchanger performs phase change latent heat exchange during phase change, has a large heat exchange coefficient, and realizes a large heat exchange amount under a small heat exchange area. Phase change heat exchange has many applications and developments in aerospace, automotive, air conditioning, superconducting, etc.
The low-temperature phase transformation heat has important significance in the aerospace and infrared fields. The research shows that the low-temperature fluid has unique thermodynamic property, condensation heat transfer property and dynamics property, and the properties enable the low-temperature fluid to have different phase changes from the normal-temperature fluid.
At present, in the research of heat exchangers, the research of the relation between phase change manifold and heat exchange intensity is focused on, the influence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces on a phase change mode, and the fitting of empirical formulas of phase change heat exchange coefficients and pressure drops. The final purpose of these studies is to find out the influencing factors of the heat exchange coefficient, thereby avoiding adverse factors, strengthening the beneficial factors and realizing high-strength heat exchange. The phase-change flow pattern has a larger influence on the heat exchange coefficient, and is also a key factor for fundamentally knowing the size change of the heat exchange coefficient. A great deal of visual experimental research is carried out on the transformation rule of the phase-change flow pattern of the normal-temperature working medium, and great challenges are faced to exploring the phase-change characteristics of the low-temperature working medium.
Because the filling of the low-temperature working medium is completed at normal temperature, the phase change cavity is required to be filled with the high-pressure working medium to reach the necessary filling rate, the heat exchanger and the visible window can bear low temperature and high pressure at the same time, and the design of the heat exchanger is very harsh; on the other hand, due to the fact that the linear expansion coefficients of the visual window and the linear expansion coefficients of the high-heat-conductivity material are different, the heat exchanger installed at normal temperature can leak due to the fact that the cavity is not tightly sealed due to temperature deformation at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: in order to realize the observation of the phase-change flow pattern in the heat exchanger at 80K low temperature and solve the requirements of the heat exchanger on bearing high pressure and low temperature in the process of filling and running of a low-temperature working medium, the novel indium wire sealing structure heat exchanger is provided, and the heat exchanger can bear 4MPa pressure and 80K low temperature and can realize the visual observation of the phase-change process. According to the invention, the indium wire is used as the sealing gasket for sealing, so that the air tightness of the inner cavity is ensured, and the problem of sealing failure caused by unmatched linear expansion coefficients in the process of cooling the heat exchanger from normal temperature to low temperature is solved.
The invention discloses a heat exchanger with an observation window, which can be used for 80K low temperature, and comprises: the device comprises a cover plate 1, an indium wire 2 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and an observation window 4, an indium wire 3 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and a phase change cavity 7, an observation window 4, an indium wire 5 used for sealing the observation window 4 and the phase change cavity 7, a steel wire thread insert 6, the phase change cavity 7, a working medium inlet pipe 8, a working medium outlet pipe 9, a flat gasket 10, an elastic gasket 11, an inner hexagon screw 12, a cover plate inner sealing groove 13, a cover plate outer sealing groove 14 and a phase change cavity lower sealing groove 15.
In the heat exchanger with the observation window for 80K low temperature, a working medium inlet pipe 8 and a working medium outlet pipe 9 are arranged on the lower surface of a phase change cavity 7, and the working medium inlet pipe 8 and the working medium outlet pipe 9 are connected with the phase change cavity 7 in a brazing mode; the observation window 4 is arranged in the phase-change cavity 7, and the observation window 4 and the phase-change cavity 7 are sealed by arranging an indium wire 5 used for sealing the observation window 4 and the phase-change cavity 7 in a lower sealing groove 15 of the phase-change cavity; the cover plate 1 is placed on the phase-change cavity 7, the flat gasket 10, the elastic gasket 11 and the inner hexagon screw 12 are adopted to realize the connection of the cover plate 1 and the phase-change cavity 7, and meanwhile, the steel wire thread insert 6 is additionally arranged in a screw hole of the phase-change cavity 7, so that the repeated disassembly and assembly of the device are realized; the indium wires 3 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and the phase-change cavity 7 are arranged in the cover plate outer sealing groove 14 between the cover plate 1 and the phase-change cavity 7 to realize sealing; and the indium wires 2 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and the observation window 4 are arranged in the seal groove 13 in the cover plate between the observation window 4 and the phase change cavity 7 to realize sealing.
In the heat exchanger with the observation window for 80K low temperature, the cover plate 1 is made of stainless steel materials so as to ensure the pressure bearing capacity of the heat exchanger; and a cover plate inner seal groove 13 and a cover plate outer seal groove 14 are processed on the inner seal groove and are respectively used for positioning and mounting the indium wires 2 between the cover plate 1 and the observation window 4 and the indium wires 3 between the cover plate 1 and the phase change cavity 7.
In the heat exchanger with the observation window for 80K low temperature, the phase-change cavity 7 is of a hollow cuboid structure, red copper material is selected to realize larger heat exchange strength, and an working medium flow channel is machined on the upper surface of the phase-change cavity; and a lower sealing groove 15 of the phase-change cavity is processed on the phase-change cavity, and the indium filaments 5 are positioned and installed between the phase-change cavity 7 and the observation window 4.
In the heat exchanger with the observation window for 80K low temperature, the observation window 4 adopts quartz glass so as to realize the visual observation of the phase change process.
The specific working process of the heat exchanger with the observation window, which can be used for 80K low temperature, is as follows:
the working face of the phase change cavity 7 of the heat exchanger is coupled with a cold source, a gaseous (condensing) or liquid (boiling) working medium flows in from the working medium inlet pipe 8 of the heat exchanger at a certain pressure and flow, heat exchange is fully carried out with the cavity wall surface in the phase change cavity 7, and the working medium after phase change flows out from the working medium outlet pipe 9 of the condenser in a liquid or gaseous state, and enters a circulation pipeline to realize heat transfer.
Compared with the existing visual heat exchanger, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the indium wire sealing is adopted, so that the problem of sealing failure of the heat exchanger installed at normal temperature due to mismatching of linear expansion coefficients in the cooling process is effectively solved, and the mechanical sealing of the heat exchanger at 80K low temperature is realized.
2. Adopt stainless steel apron, red copper phase transition cavity and observation window, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing heat transfer intensity, promoted heat exchanger rigidity, satisfied the working medium and to the high pressure requirement of heat exchanger under normal atmospheric temperature, realized the visual observation of phase transition process simultaneously.
3. Screw holes are processed on the red copper heat exchange cavity, and steel wire threaded sleeves are additionally arranged, so that repeated disassembly and assembly are realized.
4. The inlet and the outlet adopt a working medium lower inlet and lower outlet arrangement mode, so that the sealing problem caused by the arrangement of the inlet and the outlet on the side surface is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an external appearance of a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature according to the present invention;
in the figure, the reference numeral is cover plate 1, indium wire 2 used for sealing cover plate 1 and observation window 4, indium wire 3 used for sealing cover plate 1 and phase change cavity 7, observation window 4, indium wire 5 used for sealing observation window 4 and phase change cavity 7, steel wire thread insert 6, phase change cavity 7, working medium inlet pipe 8, working medium outlet pipe 9, flat gasket 10, elastic gasket 11, inner hexagon screw 12, cover plate inner seal groove 13, cover plate outer seal groove 14 and phase change cavity lower seal groove 15.
Detailed Description
The structural principles of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature, which is mainly different from the conventional heat exchanger in structure and comprises the following components by referring to figures 1 and 2:
indium wires 2 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and the observation window 4, indium wires 3 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and the phase-change cavity 7, the observation window 4, indium wires 5 used for sealing the observation window 4 and the phase-change cavity 7, and a steel wire thread insert 6.
Referring to fig. 2, a heat exchanger with an observation window for 80K low temperature designed according to the concept of the present invention is shown by way of example. As shown, the external dimension of the heat exchanger is 70 x 66 x 26mm; the dimension of the phase change cavity 7 is 54-50-10 mm; the designed channel size and shape are processed in the phase-change cavity 7 in a machining mode, and the designed channel is a serpentine channel as shown in the figure, and the cross section size is 1 x 1mm; the lower surface of the cover plate 1 is provided with a cover plate inner sealing groove 13 with the width of 1mm and the depth of 0.8mm, and the inner side of the cover plate is sealed with the observation window 4 through an indium wire 2 for sealing the cover plate 1 with the observation window 4; the lower surface of the cover plate 1 is provided with a cover plate outer sealing groove 14 with the width of 2mm and the depth of 0.8mm, and the sealing of the outer side of the upper surface of the phase-change cavity 7 is realized through an indium wire 3 used for sealing the cover plate 1 and the phase-change cavity 7; the inner edge of the phase-change cavity 7 is processed with a lower sealing groove 15 of the phase-change cavity with the width of 2mm and the depth of 0.8mm, and the bottom surface is sealed by an indium wire 5 and an observation window 4, which are used for sealing the observation window 4 and the phase-change cavity 7; the working medium inlet pipe 8, the working medium outlet pipe 9 and the phase change cavity 7 are connected in a brazing mode; the phase-change cavity 7 is provided with a hole, and is connected with the cover plate 1 through a flat gasket 10, an elastic gasket 11 and an inner hexagonal screw 12, and meanwhile, the hole on the phase-change cavity 7 is internally provided with a steel wire threaded sleeve 6, so that the repeated disassembly and assembly of the heat exchanger are realized.
The invention has the advantages that the requirements of high pressure and low temperature in the actual working process of the low-temperature working medium are met by an indium wire sealing mode, the problem of sealing failure caused by unmatched linear expansion coefficients in the cooling process of the normal-temperature mechanical sealing structure is solved, and finally the visual observation of the phase change of the working medium in the 80K temperature region is realized.
The foregoing has outlined and described the basic principles and main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a heat exchanger that takes observation window for 80K low temperature, including apron (1), be used for apron (1) and observation window (4) sealed indium silk (2), be used for apron (1) and phase transition cavity (7) sealed indium silk (3), observation window (4), be used for observation window (4) and phase transition cavity (7) sealed indium silk (5), wire thread insert (6), phase transition cavity (7), working medium inlet tube (8), working medium outlet tube (9), plain washer (10), bullet packing ring (11), hexagon socket head cap screw (12), apron inner seal groove (13), apron outer seal groove (14), phase transition cavity lower seal groove (15); the method is characterized in that: the working medium inlet pipe (8) and the working medium outlet pipe (9) are arranged on the lower surface of the phase-change cavity (7), and the working medium inlet pipe (8) and the working medium outlet pipe (9) are connected with the phase-change cavity (7) in a brazing mode; the observation window (4) is placed in the phase-change cavity (7), the observation window (4) and the indium wire (5) for sealing the phase-change cavity (7) are placed in the phase-change cavity lower sealing groove (15) between the observation window and the phase-change cavity, the phase-change cavity (7) is of a hollow cuboid structure, a working medium flow channel is machined on the upper surface of the phase-change cavity, the phase-change cavity lower sealing groove (15) is arranged around the working medium flow channel, and the phase-change cavity lower sealing groove (15) is used for positioning and mounting the indium wire (5) between the phase-change cavity (7) and the observation window (4); the cover plate (1) is placed on the phase-change cavity (7), the flat gasket (10), the elastic gasket (11) and the inner hexagon screw (12) are adopted to realize the connection of the cover plate (1) and the phase-change cavity (7), and meanwhile, the steel wire thread insert (6) is additionally arranged in a screw hole of the phase-change cavity (7); an indium wire (3) used for sealing the cover plate (1) and the phase-change cavity (7) is arranged in the cover plate outer sealing groove (14) between the cover plate (1) and the phase-change cavity (7) to realize sealing; and an indium wire (2) used for sealing the cover plate (1) and the observation window (4) is arranged in the cover plate inner sealing groove (13) between the observation window (4) and the phase-change cavity (7) to realize sealing.
2. A heat exchanger with viewing window for 80K low temperature according to claim 1, wherein: in the heat exchanger with the observation window, the cover plate (1) is made of stainless steel materials; and processing a cover plate inner seal groove (13) and a cover plate outer seal groove (14) on the inner seal groove, wherein the cover plate outer seal groove is respectively used for positioning and mounting the indium wires (2) between the cover plate (1) and the observation window (4) and the indium wires (3) between the cover plate (1) and the phase-change cavity (7).
3. A heat exchanger with viewing window for 80K low temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the phase-change cavity (7) is made of red copper material.
4. A heat exchanger with viewing window for 80K low temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the observation window (4) adopts quartz glass.
CN201910618752.7A 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature Active CN110398168B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910618752.7A CN110398168B (en) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910618752.7A CN110398168B (en) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature

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CN110398168B true CN110398168B (en) 2024-03-22

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4649085A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-03-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Cryogenic glass-to-metal seal
JPH05171439A (en) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 Anelva Corp Vacuum window
US6365242B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2002-04-02 Guardian Industries Corp. Peripheral seal for vacuum IG window unit
US6507147B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-01-14 Intevac, Inc. Unitary vacuum tube incorporating high voltage isolation
CN202380923U (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-08-15 中国科学院国家授时中心 Vacuum glass window packaging device
CN202852257U (en) * 2012-09-03 2013-04-03 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 Big-caliber detachable flange seal structure applied under low-temperature vacuum pressure environment
CN105422855A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-23 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 Structure for direct sealing of glass and metal in high-and-low temperature vacuum environment
CN210862335U (en) * 2019-07-10 2020-06-26 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4649085A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-03-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Cryogenic glass-to-metal seal
JPH05171439A (en) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 Anelva Corp Vacuum window
US6365242B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2002-04-02 Guardian Industries Corp. Peripheral seal for vacuum IG window unit
US6507147B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-01-14 Intevac, Inc. Unitary vacuum tube incorporating high voltage isolation
CN202380923U (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-08-15 中国科学院国家授时中心 Vacuum glass window packaging device
CN202852257U (en) * 2012-09-03 2013-04-03 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 Big-caliber detachable flange seal structure applied under low-temperature vacuum pressure environment
CN105422855A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-23 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 Structure for direct sealing of glass and metal in high-and-low temperature vacuum environment
CN210862335U (en) * 2019-07-10 2020-06-26 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Heat exchanger with observation window for 80K low temperature

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