CN110392651A - Rail truck roller bearing adapter mattress system - Google Patents

Abstract

Adapter pad system between roller bearing disclosed herein is rail truck and positioned at three-piece rail truck and sideframe pedestal top plate.Many different feature structures of the pad and/or adapter pad interface are configured to improve stiffness characteristics to meet the curving performance and high speed performance of rail truck.

Description

Rail truck roller bearing adapter mattress system

Cross reference to related applications

The equity for the U.S. Provisional Application US62/440,704 that patent application claims are submitted on December 30th, 2016 and The equity for the U.S. non-provisional application US15/856,221 that on December 28th, 2017 submits.Present patent application is also in December, 2016 Submit within 14th in careful U.S. Patent application US15/378,472 part continuation application, U.S. Patent application US15/378, 472 be the continuation Shen of the U.S. Patent application US15/152,860 (United States Patent (USP) US9637143) submitted on May 12nd, 2016 Please, and the U.S. Patent application US15/378, the 472 U.S. Provisional Application US62/161 for requiring on May 13rd, 2015 to submit, 139 equity.U.S. Patent application US15/152,860 is also the U.S. Patent application US14/ submitted on December 30th, 2014 The part continuation application of 585,569 (United States Patent (USP)s US9,434,393), U.S. Patent application US14/585,569 require difference In on December 30th, 2013 is submitting and submits on October 17th, 2014 U.S. Provisional Application US61/921,961 and US62/ 065,438 equity.U.S. Patent application US15/152,860 is also the U.S. Patent application submitted on December 5th, 2014 US14/561, the U.S. Patent application US14/562 submitted on December 5th, 897,2014, what on December 5th, 005,2014 submitted U.S. Patent application US14/562,082 part continuation application, these above-mentioned U.S. Patent applications were required to respectively at 2013 December 30 is submitting and U.S. Provisional Application US61/921,961 and US62/065,438 that submit on October 17th, 2014 Equity.These above-mentioned U.S. Patent applications and U.S. Provisional Patent Application entire disclosure are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

Disclosure herein is related to rail truck, more specifically, is related to roller bearing adapter and adaptation Device mattress system, the adapter and adapter pad system can improve rigidity, damping and placement property, to meet three-piece railcar The curving performance and high speed performance of bogie.

Background technique

In North America, the conventional track freight car truck used in decades is three-piece bogie comprising a pair of The parallel side frame connected by the bolster being transversely mounted.By the groups of springs that is made of multiple individual helical springs by institute Bolster is stated to be supported on the side frame.The wheel of bogie is to the bearing being contained in the front and back pedestal jaw that the side frame is arranged in In adapter, in this way, the axis of the wheel pair relative to two tracks transverse direction or lateral position on it is parallel.Rail vehicle installation On the central plate of bolster, this allows bogie to rotate relative to vehicle.Groups of springs and side frame and bolster gap retainer allow Axis, vertical axis and transverse axis or lateral axes relative to bolster have slight movement to side frame along longitudinal direction.

For a long time, people wish to improve the performance of three-piece bogie always.It can be by hereinafter one or more many Well known phenomenon is characterized to lateral and longitudinal loading tolerance and bogie performance.

When a side frame vertically moves forward relative to another side frame, " parallelogram " phenomenon occurs, so that preceding Wheel to and rear-wheel to each other can keeping parallelism, but it is not orthogonal to track, this is just as rail truck is when encountering bend As occurring.This parallelogram phenomenon of side frame is also referred to as bogie diamonding.

" swinging (Huntting) " describes the pure oscillation formula vertical and horizontal movement of wheel pair, which leads to railcar Main body moves left and right (move side-to-side).Sinusoid movement is the resonance oscillation due to caused by the tapered profiles of wheel pair. Although tapered profiles promote the natural oscillation of wheel pair, it is also so that wheel is to the master for generating rolling radius difference and passing through bend Want feature.When oscillation reaches resonant frequency, swing may be dangerous.When bogie manufacture when not correctly alignment or at any time Passage undergo different service condition (such as abrasion of truck assemblies) and it is unjustified when, be more likely to occur swing.When It is also more likely to swing when railcar high-speed cruising.Observe that the speed swung is referred to as " swinging threshold value ".

A variety of methods have been attempted to improve the stability of standard three-piece bogie, to prevent parallel four side at present Shape and swing, while ensuring that bogie is capable of forming geometry appropriate to adapt to wheel on curve inner side and outside and distinguish It advances different distances.It is expected that be not only able to satisfy bogie swing demand simultaneously and can improve the excellent high speed performance of generation with Rigidity, the additional improvement of damping and placement property of curving performance.

Summary of the invention

Summary provides the introduction of some universals related to the present invention in simplified form, these concepts will It is further described in following specific embodiment part.

Various aspects disclosed herein is related to rail truck, roller bearing adapter and adapter pad.

In one embodiment, it provided herein is roller bearing adapter pad, is configured for AAR standard geometry The three-piece bogie of shape, the adapter pad are configured to engagement sideframe pedestal top plate.The roller bearing adapter pad can It include: continuous top plate, the first and which has central part, projects upwards from the opposite edges of the central part Second upwarp area, outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area is upwarped from described first, and (first lateral lip has the first side To edge), upwarping from described second outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area, (second lateral lip has the second side to side Edge), the continuous top plate has the first and second longitudinal edges；Continuous bottom plate, the continuous bottom plate have central part, from described What the opposite edges of central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps outwardly projecting first side in area from described first The outwardly projecting second side in area is upwarped to flange (first lateral lip has the first lateral edge) and from described second To flange (second lateral lip has the second lateral edge), the continuous bottom plate has the first and second longitudinal edges； Elastomeric elements between the top plate and the bottom plate.The second of first lateral edge of the top plate and the top plate Lateral edge can be defined in the aduncate side in side view from the appearance of the top plate towards the inner surface of the top plate Edge or the edge being angled inward, and the second lateral edge circle of the first lateral edge of the bottom plate and the bottom plate Determined aduncate edge in side view from the appearance of the bottom plate towards the inner surface of the bottom plate or inwardly at The edge of certain angle.The second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of the first longitudinal direction edge of the top plate and the top plate is in side view In from the appearance of the top plate towards the aduncate edge of the inner surface of the top plate or the edge being angled inward, And the second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of the first longitudinal direction edge of the bottom plate and the bottom plate is in side view from the bottom The aduncate edge of inner surface of the appearance of plate towards the bottom plate and the edge being angled inward.The top plate First lateral edge and the second lateral edge of the top plate include from the bending part in terms of top view and the of the bottom plate One lateral edge and the second lateral edge of the bottom plate include from the bending part in terms of top view.Elastomeric elements are laterally outwardly The first and second sides of the top plate and the bottom plate are extended beyond to edge, and the elastomeric elements longitudinally extend outward The first and second longitudinal edges beyond the top plate and the bottom plate.

First lateral edge of the top plate and the second lateral edge of the top plate may include in plan view from position In the continuous radius that the vertical axis of the central point of the central part of the top plate measures, and the first side of the bottom plate is to side Second lateral edge of edge and the bottom plate includes in plan view from the central point for the central part for being located at the bottom plate The continuous radius that vertical axis measures.

Elastomeric elements can extend laterally outward the first and second sides beyond the top plate and the bottom plate to edge extremely It is 0.05 inch few, and the elastomeric elements can longitudinally extend beyond the first and second of the top plate and the bottom plate outward At least 0.05 inch of longitudinal edge.Being set to the elastomeric elements between the top plate and the central part of the bottom plate can have Substantially uniform thickness.

In another embodiment, the rolling for being disposed for having the three-piece bogie of AAR standard geometrical shapes is disclosed Axis of a cylinder holds adapter pad system.The roller bearing adapter mattress system may include the roller bearing for being configured to engagement roller bearing Adapter, the roller bearing adapter include: coronal top surface, the bottom surface for being configured to engagement roller bearing and from the top The first and second vertical shoulders that the opposite lateral edge in face projects upwards.Roller bearing adapter mattress system may also include engagement Roller bearing adapter and be configured to engagement pedestal roof side frame adapter pad.The adapter pad can include: continuous top Plate, the continuous top plate have central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part first and second upwarp area, From described first upwarp outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area (first lateral lip have the first lateral edge) and from Described second upwarps outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area (second lateral lip has the second lateral edge), the company Continuous top plate has the first and second longitudinal edges；Continuous bottom plate, the continuous bottom plate have central part, from the central part What opposite edges projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps outwardly projecting first lateral lip (institute, area from described first The first lateral lip is stated with the first lateral edge), upwarp from described second outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area (described the Two lateral lips are with the second lateral edge), the continuous bottom plate have the first and second longitudinal edges；It is set to the top plate Elastomeric elements between the bottom plate.First and second sides of the top plate and the bottom plate are integrally provided in rolling to flange On the vertical shoulder of column bearing adapter.

First lateral edge of the top plate and the second lateral edge of the top plate may include from curved in terms of overlook direction Bent portions, the first lateral edge of the bottom plate and the second lateral edge of the bottom plate include from the bending section in terms of overlook direction Point.First lateral edge of the top plate and the second lateral edge of the top plate may also include in terms of overlook direction from the top The continuous radius that vertical axis on the central point of the central part of plate measures, and the first lateral edge of the bottom plate and institute The second lateral edge for stating bottom plate may also include in terms of overlook direction from vertical on the central point of the central part of the bottom plate The continuous radius that axis measures.

First lateral edge of the top plate and the second side of the top plate are to fringe enclosing from institute in terms of side-looking direction The appearance of top plate is stated towards the edge inner surface of the top plate aduncate edge or be angled inward, and described First lateral edge of bottom plate and the second side of the bottom plate are to fringe enclosing from the appearance of the bottom plate in terms of side-looking direction The edge that it is towards the bottom plate inner surface aduncate edge and is angled inward.

The second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of the first longitudinal direction edge of the top plate and the top plate is in terms of side-looking direction from institute The appearance of top plate is stated towards the aduncate edge of the inner surface of the top plate and the edge being angled inward, and institute The first longitudinal direction edge of bottom plate and the second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of the bottom plate are stated in terms of side-looking direction from the outer of the bottom plate Inner surface from surface to the bottom plate aduncate edge and the edge that is angled inward.

Elastomeric elements can be extended laterally outward more than the first and second sides of the top plate and the bottom plate to edge, and And elastomeric elements can extend longitudinally beyond the first and second longitudinal edges of the top plate and the bottom plate outward.

When top plate is relative to 0.234 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the outer peripheral inside of the elastomeric elements can go out Existing highest strain value.When top plate is relative to 0.234 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the combined top plate and bottom plate of adapter pad and Elastomeric elements provide the strain less than 80%.When top plate is relative to 0.234 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the group of adapter pad The top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements of conjunction provide the strain less than 90%.

When top plate is relative to 0.139 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the outer peripheral internal appearance of the elastomeric elements Highest strain value.When top plate is relative to 0.139 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component strain less than 80% is provided.When top plate is relative to 0.139 inch of bottom plate lateral displacement, the combination of adapter pad Top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements strain less than 90% is provided.

Elastomeric elements are set between the top plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate and the second lateral lip Between the thickness of part be pre-compressed from static state.

Roller bearing adapter mattress system may also include the first lateral lip and the roller axle for being set to the bottom plate The first compression gasket between the first vertical shoulder of adapter is held, and the second lateral lip and the institute of the bottom plate are set State the second compression gasket between the second vertical shoulder of roller bearing adapter.

The part of elastomeric elements being arranged between the top plate and the central part of the bottom plate can have substantially Even thickness.

In another embodiment, disclosure herein provides the roller bearing adaptation for being disposed for three-piece bogie Device pad, the three-piece bogie have AAR standard geometry, and the adapter pad is configured to engagement sideframe pedestal top plate. The adapter pad can include: continuous top plate, with central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part the One and second upwarp area, outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area is upwarped from described first, and (first lateral lip has the One lateral edge) and from described second upwarp outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area (second lateral lip has the Two lateral edges), the continuous top plate has the first and second longitudinal edges；Continuous bottom plate has central part, from described First and second that the opposite edges of center portion point project upwards upwarp area, outwardly projecting first side in area is upwarped from described first to Flange (first lateral lip have the first lateral edge) and from described second upwarp outwardly projecting second side in area to Flange (second lateral lip has the second lateral edge), the continuous bottom plate has the first and second longitudinal edges；With And it is set to the elastomeric elements between the top plate and the bottom plate.First lateral edge of the top plate and the top plate Second side is aduncate towards the inner surface of the top plate to appearance of the fringe enclosing in terms of side-looking direction from the top plate Edge and the edge being angled inward, also, the second side of the first lateral edge of the bottom plate and the bottom plate is to side Edge define in terms of side-looking direction from the appearance of the bottom plate towards the aduncate edge of the inner surface of the bottom plate or inwardly Angled edge, and the second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of the first longitudinal direction edge of the top plate and the top plate is from side Apparent direction is seen from the appearance of the top plate towards the aduncate edge of the inner surface of the top plate or is angled inward The second longitudinal direction fringe enclosing of edge, the first longitudinal direction edge of the bottom plate and the bottom plate is in terms of side-looking direction from the bottom The aduncate edge of inner surface of the appearance of plate towards the bottom plate or the edge being angled inward.Adapter pad is also It may include the first compression gasket being arranged in below the first lateral lip of the bottom plate and second side that the bottom plate is set To the second compression gasket below flange.

First lateral edge of the top plate and the second lateral edge of the top plate include from the bending in terms of overlook direction Part, and the first lateral edge of the bottom plate and the second lateral edge of the bottom plate may include from curved in terms of overlook direction Bent portions.

First lateral edge of the top plate and the second lateral edge of the top plate include in terms of overlook direction from being located at The vertical axis of the central point of the central part of the top plate acts the continuous radius that measures, and the first side of the bottom plate is to side Second lateral edge of edge and the bottom plate includes in terms of overlook direction from the central point for the central part for being located at the bottom plate Vertical axis acts the continuous radius measured.When the top plate rotates 41 milliradian relative to the center of the bottom plate, side Any point on edge can have the linear displacement less than or equal to 0.234.

Elastomeric elements can extend laterally outward the first and second sides beyond the top plate and the bottom plate to edge, and And the elastomeric elements extend longitudinally outward the first and second longitudinal edges beyond the top plate and the bottom plate.

Elastomeric elements are arranged between the top plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate and the second lateral lip Between the thickness of part can be pre-compressed from static state.

The elastomeric elements between the top plate and the central part of the bottom plate, which are arranged in, can have substantially homogeneous thickness Degree.

Adapter pad can have about 6.5 inches to about 8.5 inches of total longitudinal length, and adapter pad can have about 9 Total lateral length of inch to about 11 inches.

The elastomeric elements can have 65 to the 80 scleroscopic hardness of Durometer A hardness.

In another embodiment, disclosure herein provides the roller axle for being configured to be used together with three-piece bogie Adapter pad system is held, the three-piece bogie has AAR standard geometrical shapes.The roller bearing adapter mattress system can Roller bearing adapter including being configured to engagement roller bearing, the roller bearing adapter have top surface and are configured to engage The bottom surface of roller bearing.The roller bearing adapter mattress system, which may also include, to be engaged and configures with the roller bearing adapter At the adapter pad of engagement sideframe pedestal top plate.Adapter pad may include top plate and bottom plate and be arranged in the top plate and the bottom Elastomeric elements between plate.When 35,000 pounds of normal load is applied to the central part of adapter pad, combined top Plate, bottom plate and elastomeric elements can be mentioned by the length travel that top plate is up to 0.139 inch relative to bottom plate deviation center For the longitudinal rigidity of at least 45,000 pounds per inch, the side that center is up to 0.234 inch is deviateed relative to bottom plate by top plate To displacement provide at least 45, the lateral rigidity of 000 pounds per inch, and by top plate relative to bottom plate up to 41 from center The swing offset of milliradian provides the rotational stiffness of at least 250,000 pounds * inches/rotation radians.Roller bearing adapter may be used also Including the first compression gasket under the first lateral lip of the bottom plate is set and be arranged in the second side of the bottom plate to The second compression gasket under flange.

When top plate is relative to bottom plate lateral displacement 0.234, highest strain value appears in the outer peripheral of elastomeric elements It is internal.When top plate is relative to bottom plate lateral displacement 0.234, the combined top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements of adapter pad is mentioned For the strain less than 90%.

When top plate is relative to bottom plate length travel 0.139, highest strain value appears in the outer peripheral of elastomeric elements It is internal.When top plate is relative to bottom plate length travel 0.139, the combined top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements of adapter pad is mentioned For the strain less than 90%.

The elastomeric elements part being arranged between top plate and the central part of bottom plate can have substantially uniform thickness.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is the roller bearing adapter pad systems for being disposed for three-piece bogie System, the three-piece bogie have AAR standard geometrical shapes.The roller bearing adapter mattress system includes being configured to engage The roller bearing adapter of roller bearing, the roller bearing adapter include: top surface；It is configured to the bottom of engagement roller bearing Face；The the first and second vertical shoulders projected upwards from the opposite lateral edge of top surface；It engages roller bearing adapter and matches It is set to the adapter pad of engagement sideframe pedestal top plate；The adapter pad includes: the continuous top plate with central part；From center What partial opposite edges projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps outwardly projecting first side in area to convex from described first Edge and outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area is upwarped from described second；Continuous bottom plate with central part, and from institute It states the opposite edges of central part project upwards first and second and upwarps area, be set to the center of the top plate and the bottom plate Central elastic body component between part；Cannula system comprising axis and casing.First and second sides of the top plate are to flange It is arranged on the vertical shoulder of roller bearing adapter.

Described sleeve pipe system further includes the elastic material being arranged between described sleeve pipe and the axis.The elastic material can Occupy nearly all region between described sleeve pipe and the axis.

Described sleeve pipe can be engaged with the first lateral lip of the top plate and the axis can be adapted to the roller bearing Device engagement.Described sleeve pipe can be integrally formed with the first lateral lip of the top plate and the axis can be suitable with the roller bearing Orchestration is integrally formed.

The axis can be engaged with the first lateral lip of the top plate and described sleeve pipe can be adapted to the roller bearing Device engagement.The axis can be integrally formed with the first lateral lip of the top plate and described sleeve pipe can be suitable with the roller bearing Orchestration is integrally formed.

Described sleeve pipe can generally have cylindrical cross-sectional shape.The axis can generally have cylindrical cross-sectional shape.

Described sleeve pipe system may include four cannula systems and each cannula system may include casing and axis.

When 35,000 pounds of normal load is applied to the center of adapter pad, combined top plate and bottom plate, elasticity Body component and cannula system can be provided to by the length travel that top plate is up to 0.139 inch relative to bottom plate deviation center The longitudinal rigidity of few 45,000 pounds per inch deviates the lateral position that center is up to 0.279 inch relative to bottom plate by top plate Offer at least 45, the lateral rigidity of 000 pounds per inch are provided, and center is deviateed relative to bottom plate by top plate and is up to 52.4 The swing offset of milliradian provides the rotational stiffness of at least 250,000 pounds * inches/rotation radians.

The height of the adapter pad of the center of the roller bearing adapter is about 1.15 inches to about 1.8 inches. Also, the height of the adapter pad of center can be about 1.5 inches.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is the roller bearing adapter pad systems for being disposed for three-piece bogie System.The roller bearing adapter mattress system includes the roller bearing adapter for being configured to engagement roller bearing, the roller axle Holding adapter includes: top surface；It is configured to the bottom surface of engagement roller bearing；It engages and is configured to the roller bearing adapter The adapter pad of sideframe pedestal top plate is engaged, the adapter pad includes: top plate, and bottom plate is arranged in the top plate and the bottom Elastomeric elements between plate, cannula system, described sleeve pipe system include: axis, and casing and setting are in described sleeve pipe and the axis Between elastic material.

Described sleeve pipe can be engaged with the top plate.The axis can be engaged with the top plate.

Described sleeve pipe system may include four cannula systems and each cannula system may include casing and axis.

The height of the center of the adapter pad can be about 1.5 inches.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is the roller bearing adapter pad systems for being disposed for three-piece bogie System.The roller bearing adapter mattress system includes being configured to engagement roller bearing adapter and being configured to engagement sideframe pedestal The roller bearing adapter pad of top plate, the adapter pad include: top plate, bottom plate, setting the top plate and the bottom plate it Between elastomeric elements, cannula system, described sleeve pipe system includes: axis, casing.It is applied to when by 35,000 pounds of normal load When the center of adapter pad, combined top plate and bottom plate, elastomeric elements and cannula system are inclined relative to bottom plate by top plate The length travel for being up to 0.139 inch from center provides at least 45, and the longitudinal rigidity of 000 pounds per inch is opposite by top plate In bottom plate deviate center be up to 0.279 inch lateral displacement provide at least 45, the lateral rigidity of 000 pounds per inch, and By top plate relative to bottom plate deviate center be up to 52.4 milliradians swing offset provide at least 250,000 pounds * inches/ Rotate the rotational stiffness of radian.

Described sleeve pipe can be engaged with the top plate or the axis can be engaged with the top plate.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1A is the perspective view of standard three-piece bogie.

Figure 1B is the exploded view of standard three-piece bogie.

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the roller bearing adapter and adapter pad according to various aspects disclosed herein.

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view according to the roller bearing adapter of various aspects disclosed herein, adapter pad and side frame.

Fig. 3 A is the detailed view of a part of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 B is the detailed view of a part of Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 is the perspective view according to the roller bearing adapter of various aspects disclosed herein.

Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 D is the perspective view according to the roller bearing adapter of various aspects disclosed herein.

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view that the roller bearing adapter of Fig. 4 is intercepted along center line.

Fig. 7 is the top view of the roller bearing adapter of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is the side view of the roller bearing adapter of Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is the front view of the roller bearing adapter of Fig. 4.

Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the line A-A of Fig. 8.

Figure 11 is the top view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 11 A is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the line A-A of Figure 11.

Figure 11 B is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the line B-B of Figure 11.

Figure 11 C is the detailed view of the part G of Figure 11.

Figure 12 is the side view according to the bottom plate of the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 13 A is the top view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 13 B is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the vertical line of Figure 13 A.

Figure 13 C is along according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein and a part of roller bearing adapter The sectional view of longitudinal centre line interception.

Figure 13 D is all elastic body component according to the removing of various aspects disclosed herein including earth bus The perspective view of adapter pad.

Figure 13 E is the perspective view according to the adapter pad including earth bus of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 14 depicts the lateral force according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein and the relationship of displacement Schematic chart.

Figure 15 is the relationship described according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein in loading process temperature and time Schematic chart.

Figure 16 A is the top view of the adapter pad according to various aspects disclosed herein under conditions of no top plate.

Figure 16 B is the cross-sectional view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 17 A is the top view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 17 B is the top view for describing the adapter pad of Figure 17 A of length travel.

Figure 17 C is the top view for describing the adapter pad of Figure 17 A of lateral displacement.

Figure 17 D is the top view for describing the adapter pad of Figure 17 A of swing offset.

Figure 18 is the schematic diagram according to the method for the manufacture adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 19 is the perspective view according to the elastomeric elements of the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 20 A to Figure 20 C be according to the vertical cross-section diagram of a part of the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein, Show the different geometries in multiple gaps of the adapter pad under unloading configuration.

Figure 21 A to Figure 21 C is respectively the several of the gap shown in Figure 20 A to Figure 20 C when load is applied to adapter pad What changed schematic diagram of shape.

Figure 22 is according to the sectional view of a part of the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein, and which show in elasticity The representative arrangement in multiple gaps in body portion.

Figure 23 is according to the sectional view of a part of the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein, and which show only extend Multiple gaps of the segment thickness of elastomer layer.

Figure 24 is the schematic diagram according to the method for the manufacture adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 25 is the schematic diagram according to the method for the manufacture adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 25 A to Figure 25 I is the perspective view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 26 is the schematic diagram according to the method for the manufacture adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 27 is the schematic diagram for showing the test of the adapter pad according to various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 28 is the perspective view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 29 A is the top view of the adapter pad of Figure 28.

Figure 29 B is the top view that the adapter pad of Figure 28 of each plate is shown with dotted line.

Figure 30 is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the line A-A of Figure 29.

Figure 31 is the detailed view of a part of Figure 30.

Figure 31 A is analogous to the detailed view of another embodiment of a part of the adapter pad of Figure 31.

Figure 31 B is analogous to the detailed view of another embodiment of a part of the adapter pad of Figure 31.

Figure 32 is the cross-sectional view intercepted along the line B-B of Figure 30.

Figure 33 is the detailed view of a part of Figure 32.

Figure 33 A is analogous to the detailed view of another embodiment of a part of the adapter pad of Figure 33.

Figure 33 B is analogous to the detailed view of another embodiment of a part of the adapter pad of Figure 33.

Figure 34 A is the computer screen screenshot of finite element analysis simulation result, and which show according to disclosed herein each The strain when top plate is relative to bottom plate lateral displacement in elastomer portion of aspect.

Figure 34 B is the screenshot capture of a part of the finite element analysis simulation result of Figure 34 B.

Figure 35 A is the computer screen screenshot of finite element analysis simulation result, and which show according to disclosed herein each The strain when top plate is relative to bottom plate length travel in elastomer portion of aspect.

Figure 35 B is the screenshot capture of a part of the finite element analysis simulation result of Figure 35 B.

Figure 36 A is the perspective view of the adapter pad and roller bearing adapter according to various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 36 B is the side view of the adapter pad and roller bearing adapter according to various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 36 C is the adapter pad of Figure 36 A and the top view of roller bearing adapter.

Figure 36 D is the adapter pad of Figure 36 C and the cross-sectional view that roller bearing adapter is intercepted along line A-A.

Figure 36 E is the adapter pad of Figure 36 A and the front view of roller bearing adapter.

Figure 37 is the perspective view according to the adapter pad of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 38 is the top view of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 39 is the bottom view of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 40 is the front view of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 41 is the rearview of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 42 is the side view of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 43 is the side view of the adapter pad of Figure 37.

Figure 44 is the perspective view according to the adapter of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 45 is the front view of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 46 is the side view of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 47 is the rearview of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 48 is the side view of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 49 is the top view of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 50 is the bottom view of the adapter pad of Figure 44.

Figure 51 A is the perspective view of the adapter pad and roller bearing adapter according to various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 51 B is the adapter pad of Figure 51 A and the cross-sectional view of roller bearing adapter.

Figure 52 A is the elevation cross-sectional view according to the cannula system of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 52 A is the elevation cross-sectional view according to the cannula system of various aspects disclosed herein.

Figure 52 B is the side cross-sectional view of the cannula system of Figure 52 A.

Figure 52 C is the elevation cross-sectional view according to the cannula system of various aspects disclosed herein.

Specific embodiment

It, will be referring to constituting of the invention one in being described below of each different exemplary structure according to the present invention Partial attached drawing, also, attached drawing shows that a variety of different of implementable various aspects of the invention show in an exemplary fashion Equipment, system and the environment of example property.It should be understood that other specific arrangement methods of each component, illustrative can also be used Equipment, system and environment, and structural and functional modification can be carried out without departing from the scope of the present invention.And And although term " top ", " bottom ", " preceding ", " back ", " side ", " rear " etc. can be used for describing in the present invention the present invention respectively Kind different illustrative feature and element, but these terms are herein defined as using for ease of description, for example, being based on Shown illustrative orientation or orientation during usually used in figure.In addition, terms used herein " multiple " table Show any number more than one, can be it is separation or combination, if it is necessary, up to unlimited amount.Appointing in specification What content is not construed as that specific 3 D tropism is needed just to fall within the scope of the present invention.Moreover, reader should be appreciated that Attached drawing is also not necessarily drawn to scale.

In general, various aspects of the invention are related to rail truck and rail truck roller bearing is suitable Orchestration and adapter pad.According to each different aspect and embodiment, without departing from the scope of the present invention, track Vehicle bogie and rail truck roller bearing adapter and adapter pad can by one of multiple material or a variety of formation, The material is for example: metal (including metal alloy), polymer and composite material, and the rail truck and railcar Bogie roller bearing adapter and adapter pad are formed as one of a variety of constructions.It should be understood that railcar turns It may include the component made of several different materials to frame roller bearing adapter and adapter pad.In addition, the component can It is formed by a variety of different forming methods.For example, metal parts can by forging, molding, casting, punching press, machining and/or Other known technology is formed.In addition, polymer elements (such as elastomer) can be (such as each by polymer processing techniques Kind of molding and foundry engieering and/or other known technologies) it manufactures.

Rail truck according to the present invention, rail truck roller has been illustrated in each attached drawing in the application The example of bearing adapter and adapter pad.When identical appended drawing reference appears in a more than figure, which exists It will be consistently used in this specification and always show the same or similar component in these figures.

As shown in FIG. 1A and 1B, typical rail road freight car truck includes the component by being constituted with lower component: two Group wheel to 1 (every group of wheel to include two wheels 2), two bolster 6, two of side frame 4, one groups of springs 8, frictional damping system with And four adapters 10.Figure 1A and 1B shows exemplary trucks component.

Side frame 4 is longitudinally disposed, for example, the orbital direction locating for the bogie.Bolster 6 relative to side frame 4 laterally or side It is arranged to ground, and extends through the middle part of each side frame 4.

Bolster cartridge 12 is the circular portion of bolster 6 comprising the edge stretched out upwards.Main center's plate of vehicle body is placed in In bolster cartridge 12 and serve as the point of rotation of bogie and vehicle body.Most of vertical load of freight compartment is exactly in the boundary What place had an impact.In general, bolster cartridge 12 is equipped with wearing plate or unworn liner, in this way, avoiding bolster casting 6 in freight It is worn during the service life in compartment.In addition, it is provided with side bearing 14 at 25 inches of the top surface distance center line of bolster 6, Help that vehicle body is made to keep stablizing, and can prevent bogie from swinging to a certain extent in the case where contact type is constant. The contact type of side bearing 14 shown in Figure 1B is not changeless, but is made of roller and cabinet.

Bolster 6 is placed at the top of groups of springs 8, by the spring seat supports of side frame below the groups of springs.Commonly referred to as damper Or the additional springs of lateral spring 17 also can be used as a part of groups of springs and be placed on the spring base, which prolongs upwards The bottom of friction wedge piece 16 is extended to, and the friction wedge piece can be used as a part of frictional damping system.

The wedge piece 16 that rubs can be located in the end of bolster 6 and the recess portion of each side.The friction wedge piece recess portion of bolster can phase It is angled for horizontal plane, typically about 60 °, to match the inclined surface of friction wedge piece.The opposite face of friction wedge piece 16 It is usually vertical, and contacted with the so-called cylinder of side frame.The spring force of damper spring 17 pushes friction wedge piece 16 On the inclined surface of bolster friction wedge piece recess portion, which generates reaction force to the vertical cylinder of side frame.

As bolster 6 is moved up and down because from the load for the freight compartment being placed on bogie, rub wedge piece 16 can slide against cylinder, to generate column frictional damping.This damping can cause energy dissipation, prevent shipping in railway operation Undesirable vibration/oscillation occurs when moving for compartment.It is acted between bolster 6 and side frame 4 via friction wedge piece 16 These power can also try hard to the geometry for preventing bogie from becoming parallelogram in operation.Hard retainer (such as gib and Rotational stopper) facilitate the parallel shape for preventing bogie from becoming extreme.The anti-of parallelogramming deflection occurs for this resist Property is commonly referred to as warp stiffness (warp stiffness).

As shown in Figure 1A and 1B, the wheel of truck assemblies is to 1 by two wheels 2, wheel shaft 3 and two 5 structures of roller bearing At.The two wheels are fitted on the raised wheel seat of wheel shaft.The axle journal of wheel shaft is roller bearing 5 to extension on the outside of wheel Mounting surface is provided.Roller bearing 5 is fitted on the axle journal of wheel shaft.Interface between roller bearing 5 and side frame 4 can be by axis Hold the composition of adapter 7.In general, rail road freight car truck has been equipped with metal adapter, the metal adapter is by accurate Processing is loosely assembled to steel sideframe pedestal to be relatively firmly assemblied on roller bearing again, the axle box packet Seal the interface between roller bearing and side frame.The interface can make wheel slightly mobile to generating between side frame, described small size The mobile sliding metal surface (referred to as adapter bizet) by vertical load present in freight compartment and adapter top The control of existing frictional force between the bottom (being commonly equipped with steel wear plates) of steel pedestal roof.

Since the vertical load can wave fortune on bogie with the pay load and freight compartment of freight compartment It moves and changes, therefore significant changes can occur for the frictional force at metal adapter bizet and steel pedestal roof wearing plate, and The frictional force is uncontrolled in conventional bogie.Since metal slide connection has mucosity, this metal and metal Connection need it is biggish wheel power is slided at interface surface to force.Nearest Bogie Designs, for example, those meet The bogie of Association of American Railroads (American Association of Railroads, " AAR ") M_976 specification, exists Intersection between steel adapter and pedestal roof joined adapter pad.

Some adapter pad systems are by allowing the relatively low stiffness compliance between side frame and wheel shaft successfully to reduce Wheel when railcar passes through curve is to power.This increased compliance generated by adapter pad is also reduced according to M-976 The requirement of specification pulls or pushes railcar by power needed for bend, this specification is hereby incorporated herein by.Unfavorable It is that these designs reduce speed when freight compartment generates resonance during tangent line track is advanced, also can be described as reducing The swing speed of freight compartment.Since swing speed reduction will limit the speed of service of train and increase freight compartment derailing or rail The impaired risk in road, therefore be unfavorable.Other design using high-quality side frames to positive equipment (for example, crossbeam, frame support, Steering arm, spring planet, yawdamper, cross bracing or additional friction wedge piece) Lai Gaishan swing performance.These are usually The system of referred to as advanced bogie technique would generally make wheel increase power, and therefore increase drawing resistance when curve negotiating Greatly.In addition to increasing curve resistance, these designs are also increased due to adding wear parts and system complexity increase Bogie maintenance cost.

Adapter pad system embodiment as described herein can satisfy the curving performance standard of M-976 defined, Without reducing critical swing threshold value.Adapter pad system as described herein is without the addition times in standard three-piece bogie What additional side frame is to positive equipment, for example, crossbeam, frame support, steering arm, spring planet, yawdamper, cross bracing Or additional friction wedge piece.Obtained bogie system as described herein can extend the service life of wheel pair, keep higher pendulum Dynamic threshold value, the durability of raising mattress system and minimum are applied to abrasion and active force on rail.

As background technique, existing many different railcar types and operation for being originated from North America railway industry need not Same bogie size.The airlift (Gross Rail Load) for the freight compartment runed designed for 70 tonnes is 220,000 Pound, and generally use 28 inches or 33 inches of wheel and 6 inches × 11 inches of bearing.It is transported designed for 100 tonnes The airlift in the compartment of battalion is 263,000 pound, and generally uses 36 inches of wheel and 6.5 inches × 12 inches of axis It holds.The airlift in the compartment runed designed for 110 tonnes is 286,000 pound, and must satisfy M-976 as described above It can specification.This kind of 110 tons of compartment is usually using 36 inches of wheel and 6.5 inches × 9 inches of bearing.North America usually makes Maximum car types are designed to 125 tonnes of operation, and airlift is 315,000 pound.This car types are logical It is often used 38 inches of wheel and 7 inches × 12 inches of bearing.Other bogie size -70 ton, 100 tons and 125 tons are not It is limited by identical stringent performance standard, therefore up to the present failed call uses pad.

The adapter pad that the application focuses on roller bearing adapter and matches.Adapter disclosed herein and phase The embodiment of matched adapter pad system can be used together with the compartment for being designed to 110 tonnes of operations, also expansible To be used together with the bogie for whole compartment lifting capacities (including 70 tons, 100 tons, 110 tons and 125 tons) and improving this The performance of a little bogies is not necessarily to meet the bogie of M-976 standard including those.

A kind of embodiment of adapter pad system 198 is shown at least Fig. 2 and 3.Adapter pad system 198 may include Roller bearing adapter 199 and adapter pad 200, the roller bearing adapter and adapter pad are configured to be arranged in three-piece The wheel of rail truck is between roller bearing or roller bearing 5 and sideframe pedestal top plate 152.Side frame may include the first outside 156 on the outside of 154 and second.Adapter pad 200 further include support vertical load elastomeric elements 360, and with traditional steel Compared with steel slides adapter system, which allows top plate 220 (it is engaged with side frame) in lesser effect Occur longitudinally, laterally and rotary motion under power relative to bottom plate 240 (it is engaged with roller bearing adapter).

In some embodiments, at least as shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 3, when adapter pad system 198 is installed in steering When in frame system, the weight of the railcar and truck components that are carried by adapter pad 200, the adapter pad system can quilt The constant perpendicular load compression that the weight generates, and finally by the load via wheel to being transferred to track.Although being applied to suitable Vertical load on orchestration 200 central parts of pad can be with the different loads of railcar and naturally-occurring changes, it is assumed that right In airlift be about 286, for 000 pound of vehicle, corresponding vertical load can be each adapter pad about 35,000 pound.

It determines after tested, the rigidity of adapter pad 200 can produce a very large impact the performance of bogie system.It is more specific and Speech, in some embodiments, it is determined that bogie performance can be improved by improving adapter pad system performance.Pass through The rigidity (being measured with power (pound)/displacement (inch)) for improving adapter pad system 198, can improve the performance of adapter pad system. In addition, for example, it is determined that when rigidity meets the following conditions, similar to the adapter pad 200 in embodiment described herein It is expected that having acceptable expected service life (to measure with the distance advanced under bogie system load, the bogie system Including the adapter pad 200 installed, the design service life of the adapter pad has determined as railcar 1,000,000 English of traveling In), the rigidity condition: longitudinal rigidity is at least 45,000 pounds per inch or about 45,000 pounds per inch to about 80,000 pounds/ In the range of inch, and/or, lateral rigidity is at least 45,000 pounds per inch or in about 45,000 pounds per inch to about 80, In the range of 000 pounds per inch, and/or, rotational stiffness (that is, resisting the rigidity around vertical axis rotation) is at least 250,000 pounds of * feet/radians or in the range of about 250,000 pounds of * feet/radians to about 840,000 pounds of * feet/radians (these three rigidity are measured in the case where applying 35,000 pounds of vertical load to the central part of adapter 200).This A little unique stiffness combines, which can make to swing threshold velocity, to be maximized, at the same still make curve resistance be maintained below 0.40 lb/ton/ Curvature, as required by M-976 specification, without the bogie technique using valuableness, i.e., without using crossbeam, frame Supporting element, steering arm, spring planet, yawdamper, cross bracing or additional friction wedge piece improve performance.

By measurement adapter assembly, for top plate (it is engaged with side frame) and bottom plate, (it connects with roller bearing adapter Close) the resistance of relative shear displacement quantify the rigidity of adapter pad system.In order to determine rigidity, adapter assembly can be made It is displaced in a plurality of directions relative to side frame, for example, longitudinal (on the direction that railcar is advanced), lateral (traversing rail), yaw (being rotated around vertical axis, and consistent with axle centre) and it is vertical (sideframe pedestal top plate and adapter pad top surface it Between).35,000 vertical load should be kept, in shearing rigidity test process with the compartment scene of fictitious load.

During the test, the load cell for being attached to power actuator can be used to make top plate relative to floor shifting to measure Power.Displacement sensor, amesdial, potentiometer or other displacement measuring instruments can be used to acquire displacement measurement.It is as follows More detailed description, draws power and the relationship of displacement, and the slope of hysteresis loop indicates rigidity in the corresponding direction.It returns The area for including in line and the energy shifted in loading period are proportional.

The embodiment of adapter pad system 198 as described herein provides thrust plate opening width and spacing, the width Even degree and spacing are also enough to be limited to displacement in the case where having used high rigidity shear pad as described herein Within AAR value.Adapter design disclosed herein can use destination adapter displacement shown in following table 1.

Table 1

Can be with the embodiment as described herein longitudinally, laterally with the adapter pad system 198 of rotation shearing rigidity The advantageous combination of three-piece bogie system offer high stability and low curve resistance.Compared with the design of other adapter pads, The embodiment of adapter pad system 198 disclosed herein can increase the warping constraint (warp of three-piece bogie system restraint).High stability may make to be improved in this way.It is as described herein in addition to the improvement in terms of high stability The embodiment of adapter pad system 198 also can promote wheel to length travel as you pass the bend, to allow bogie group The front axle of part is formed to hind axle and bend is proportional, can reduce the wheel between centers yaw angle of spoke power.Generally speaking, it is adapted to Device mattress system 198 can promote side wheels to offset, so that it is poor to form best wheel footpath when passing through curve.Adaptation disclosed herein The rigidity and displacement range of device mattress system allow best wheel between centers yaw angle and side wheels to offset, pass through bend to obtain Low spoke power solution.The reduction of cornering force and the improvement of high stability can help to extend wheel to and track use Service life.

Some adapter pad designs are using multiple elastomer layers to reduce shear strain.The multiple layer can dramatically increase suitable The thickness of orchestration system, and height of wagon can be increased when for conventional bogie.The increase of height of wagon is brought and it The problem of his compartment connection, can also center of gravity be made to increase.Therefore, some designs need to come using special unconventional side frame minimum Change difference in height.The improved dynamic property of embodiments discussed herein, while without using special unconventional Truck components.

Embodiment as described herein can be used together with the side frame with AAR standard geometrical shapes, and the AAR standard is several What shape includes AAR standard axle box geometry and AAR standard thrust plate gap, such as Association of American Railroads Manual of Standards and Recommended Pr actices,Section SII(10/25/ 2010),Specification S-325(6/ll/2009)-"Side Frame,Na rrow Pedestal-Limiting (Association of American Railroads's standard manual and proposed specifications, SII save (on October 25th, 2010) to Dimensions ", S-325 specification (on June 11st, 2009), " side frame, narrow axle box-dimension limit ") described in, which is incorporated herein by reference.AAR standard Axle box geometry can be described as including about 7.25-8.25 inches of nominal longitudinal thrust plate spacing；About 3.5-3.75 inches Nominal thrust plate width；About 8.88-11.06 inches of nominal longitudinal cut spacing；And the pact above the center line of wheel shaft 5.38-6.89 inches of nominal pedestal roof height.The embodiment of adapter pad system 198 disclosed herein can with it is existing And/or standard three-piece bogie system is used together, including the bogie system with AAR standard geometrical shapes, such as Association of American Railroads Manu al of Standards and Recommended Practices,Section H(l/1/2012)Specification M-924(2/l/2014)-"Journal Roller Bearing Adapters for Freight Cars " (Association of American Railroads's standard manual and proposed specifications, H section (2012 On January 1, in) M-924 specification (on 2 1st, 2014), " the axle journal roller bearing adapter for freight compartment ") described in, it should Specification is incorporated herein by reference.AAR standard thrust plate gap is found in table 1 above to obtain new Casting mold manufacturing size. Thrust plate gap is measured by the distance between axle box area and roller bearing adapter opening.Standard A AR adapter size can wrap Include about 7.156-8.656 inches of nominal longitudinal thrust plate bearing surface spacing；And about 3.812-4.062 inches of nominal side It is open to thrust plate.The embodiment of adapter pad system 198 as described herein also may conform to American Association of Railroads("AAR")M-976speci fication(AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices,Section D(9/l/2010),Specification M-976(12/19/2013)-" Truck Performance for Rail Cars ") (Association of American Railroads (" AAR ") M-976 specification (AAR standard manual and Proposed specifications, D save (on September 1st, 2010), M-976 specification (on December 19th, 2013), " the bogie performance of railcar "), The specification is herein incorporated by reference.For example, the embodiment of adapter pad system 198 can be used for existing and/or standard three Part covers bogie system, without using other workpiece, such as crossbeam, frame support or spring planet.In addition, for example, Adapter pad system 198 disclosed herein can be matched between the roller bearing 5 of existing bogie and pedestal roof 152.Cause This, total height that adapter pad system 198 disclosed herein measures between the upper surface and pedestal roof 152 of roller bearing 5 Degree can be about 1.3 inches or in the range of about 1.1 inches to about 1.5 inches.Although embodiment as described herein specific to 110T grades of bogies, but adapter disclosed in this invention and the adapter pad system to match are further extended to for owning The bogie of compartment lifting capacity (70 tons, 100 tons, 110 tons and 125 tons) and the performance for improving these bogies, including those Without meeting the bogie of M-976 standard.

Fig. 4 to Figure 10 shows the roller bearing adapter 198 according to disclosure herein.As shown in figure 4, roller axle Holding adapter 199 includes axle box crown 102.In some embodiments, axle box crown or top surface 102 can be coronal or bending table Face, so that the central area of the axle box crown is higher than lateral edge.Therefore, axle box crown 102 can be in a longitudinal direction Substantially flat, and be bent in a lateral direction.Axle box crown 102 can be AAR standard axle box crown, but can have than typical case The smaller tranverse sectional thickness of roller bearing adapter.For example, in some embodiments, roller bearing adapter thickness can be between About 0.6 inch (measuring along center line from bearing surface 117 to axle box crown 102) is between about 0.75 inch, some In embodiment, it is less than about 0.75 inch.

As shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, roller bearing adapter 199 can include about 4.83 inches or at about 4 inches to about 6 inches In the range of total height；About 9.97 inches or total length in the range of about 9 inches to about 11 inches；And about 10 inches Or at least 7.5 inches or overall width in the range of about 9 inches to about 11 inches.

Roller bearing adapter 199 may include moving for limit adaptation device pad 200 relative to roller bearing adapter 199 Feature structure.For example, roller bearing adapter may include longitudinal adapter pad retainer 104.As shown in figure 4, longitudinal pad stops Moving part 104 can relative to axle box crown 102 lateral edge it is raised vertically.Longitudinal adapter pad retainer 104 be designed to Slit, groove or the edge docking of the bottom plate 240 of adapter pad 200, and engageable adapter pad 200 is so that adapter pad 200 longitudinal movement can be limited or controlled in designated value, but not limit the lateral movement of the adapter pad.Although in Fig. 4 In show four longitudinal adapter pad retainers 104, but longitudinal pad retainer of any quantity or design, including edge can be used Continuous longitudinal pad retainer that the whole length of the lateral edge of axle box crown 102 extends.Showing other in Fig. 5 A-5D can The example of longitudinal retainer 104 of energy.For example, longitudinal retainer 104 may include two boss positioned at each lateral side, such as scheme Shown in 5A.Longitudinal direction retainer 104 shown in Fig. 5 A can be docked with the protrusion in the bottom plate 240 of adapter pad 200, these protrusions These engageable retainers 104 are so that longitudinal movement can be restricted.Similar to Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B is shown can be in the same manner Three retainers 104 of the constraint adapter pad 200 relative to the longitudinal movement of adapter 199.

Longitudinal retainer can be coupled in the other parts of adapter pad.For example, as shown in Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D, longitudinal stop Part 104 can be coupled in the top surface of vertical shoulder 106.Similarly, convex in the bottom plate 240 of adapter pad in these examples Rising can cooperate around retainer 104 or boss, and the longitudinal movement to bottom plate 240 relative to top plate 220 provides constraint.

Various other sizes, shape and the combination of position can also be used in longitudinal retainer 104, in order to provide desired movement Constraint.

As shown in Figure 4-8, roller bearing adapter 199 further includes vertical shoulder 106.Vertical shoulder 106 can be relative to axis The longitudinal edge of case crown 102 increases vertically.Vertical shoulder 106 is designed to improve the bending strength of adapter 199, and makes Adapter 199 is minimizing twisting under the higher-force that adapter pad 200 applies.Existed by minimizing adapter pad 200 Distortion under load, vertical shoulder 106 can improve the distribution of the load on ball bearing members, and can extend bearing and use the longevity Life.Vertical shoulder 106 is designed to dock with slit, groove, edge or the surface of the bottom plate 240 of adapter pad 200, so that bottom The lateral movement of plate 240 is limited or controlled in designated value.Other than limitation bottom plate movement, in some embodiments, erect Straight shoulder can the laterally projecting flange 116,118 to adapter pad 200 vertical bearing is provided.For 6.5 inches × 9 inches fit Orchestration, vertical shoulder 106 can extend laterally to 10 inches wide, and extend about 1 inch vertically above standard axle box crown.In In some embodiments, the upper surface of vertical shoulder 106 can be located at 102 a maximum of about of 0.75 inch of top of axle box crown or a maximum of about of At 3 inches.Vertical shoulder can also in a longitudinal direction a maximum of about of 8 inches.Vertical shoulder can with adapter integrally casting, and It is used on the standard adapter runed for 70T grades, 100T grades, 110T grades or 125T grades.Though it is shown that continuous vertical shoulder, But any amount of vertical shoulder can also be used.The width of the vertical shoulder can be at least 0.5 inch.

Roller bearing adapter 199 may also include the feature structure of such as vertical shoulder 106, to improve adapter 199 Bending strength or moment of inertia of cross-section so that distortion of the adapter 199 under the higher-force that adapter pad 200 applies is most Smallization.For example, for embodiment shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6-10, more specifically for embodiment shown in Fig. 8 and 10, adaptation The cross section of device 199 can be intercepted approximately through the longitudinal center of roller bearing adapter 199, as shown in figs.Such as figure Shown in 10, center Y-axis 108 can vertically extend through the lateral center of adapter 199.Centre axis Z 110 can be in axis Above 111 central axis at about 5.2 inches, or along lateral extension in the range of about 5.0 inches with 5.5 inches.Figure 10 Shown in cross section can be about 1.4in around moment of inertia of cross-section I z-z of the centre axis Z 110 at adapter center⁴, or About 1.0 to about 2.0in⁴In the range of.The cross section inertia around center Y-axis 108 at adapter center of the cross section Square I y-y can be about 86.8in⁴, or about 50 to about 100in⁴In the range of.Do not had using the adapter design of vertical shoulder The significant lower area inertia moment across lateral cross.For example, as shown in Figure 10 at identical lateral centre-line cross-section There is no the adapter design of vertical shoulder 106 that there can be the about 0.2in around centre axis Z⁴The moment of inertia, and can have and surround The about 32.9in of center Y-axis⁴The moment of inertia.Resulting the moment of inertia lower compared with adapter disclosed in this invention can lead to Lower rigidity and higher stress of the adapter under similar load configuration, and it is likely to decrease roller bearing performance.

Roller bearing adapter 199 can be by one or more different types with proper strength and other performance characteristics Steel alloy be made.For example, roller bearing adapter 199 can be by ASTMA-220 grades, A-536 grades of cast irons or by ASTMA-148 Grade, A-126 grades, A-236 grades or A-201 grades of cast steels or forged steel are made.In some embodiments, entire roller bearing adapter 199 form (casting, processing, compacting or other suitable metal forming operations) by single integrated member.

The adapter pad 200 of adapter system 198 is configured to that the side of roller bearing adapter 199 Yu side frame 4 is arranged in Between frame pedestal roof 152, and it can be engaged with the two.It is as shown in Figure 11-11C and main as shown in Figure 11 A, adapter Pad 200 generally comprises upper component with inner surface 222 and outer surface 224 or top plate 220, has inner surface 242 and appearance The lower member or bottom plate 240 in face 244 and along adapter pad 200 a part be arranged in the inner surface 222 of top plate 220 with Elastomeric elements 360 between the inner surface 242 of bottom plate 240.Adapter pad 200 includes the following table that pedestal roof 152 is arranged in Central part 210 below face, wherein plate 220,240 respectively has corresponding central part 226,246.Adapter pad 200 is also Area 212 and second, which is upwarped, including first upwarps area 214 and the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218.Top plate 220 What the opposite edges with the central part 226 from top plate 220 projected upwards corresponding first upwarps area 228 and second and upwarps area 230, outwardly projecting first lateral lip 232 in area is upwarped from described first and upwarp area 230 outwardly projecting from second Two lateral lips 234.Similarly, bottom plate 240 has pair that the opposite edges from the central part 246 of bottom plate 240 project upwards First answered upwarp area 248 and second upwarp area 250, outwardly projecting first lateral lip 252 in area is upwarped from described first with And outwardly projecting second lateral lip 254 in area 250 is upwarped from second.As shown in figure 3, when assembling bogie system, laterally 152 outside of pedestal roof is laterally arranged in flange 216,218, and central part 210 is arranged below pedestal roof 152. First, which upwarps area 212 and second, upwarps the centrally disposed part 210 in area 214 and corresponding first lateral lip 216, second side are convex Between edge 218, and transition is provided therebetween.

It mainly may include three components, including top plate in some embodiments first against central part 210 The central part 246 and elastomeric elements set between the two 360 of central part 226, bottom plate.As described above, adapter pad 200 are arranged in the substantially sideframe pedestal top plate 152 of the horizontal engagement surface with substantially flat and can substantially have bending or hat Between roller bearing adapter 199 at the top of shape.As shown in Figure 11 A and Figure 12, the central part 246 of bottom plate 240 can have curved Bent lower surface 244, so that outer surface 244 generally conforms to bending or the bizet of adapter 199.More particularly, one In a little embodiments, the thickness towards the edge of central part 246 261,262 of central part 246 can be greater than central part 246 Center at thickness.For example, as shown in figure 12, the thickness at the center of central part 246 can be about 0.15 inch or about In the range of 0.06 inch to about 0.35 inch, and the thickness at edge 261,262 can be about 0.26 inch or in about 0.15 English In the range of very little to about 0.5 inch.

In some embodiments, the central part 226 of top plate 220 may include substantial horizontal and parallel outer surface 224 and inner surface 222, as shown in Figure 11 A.The thickness of the central part 226 of top plate 220 can be about 0.28 inch or about 0.15 Inch is in the range of about 0.4 inch.In such systems, the thickness of elastomer portion 360 can be in entire central part 210 On be it is substantially similar, in some embodiments, performance characteristics can be improved in this.

It has been found that in some cases, it is certain to have the advantages that the elastomer portion of uniform thickness can have.Example Such as, in some embodiments, if multiple elastomer layers length dimension and width dimensions having the same in all components, It can be so constant along the linear thermal contraction of the length and width of the pad.For example, in some embodiments, in molding process In, the rubber for forming elastomeric elements can inject in mold under about 300 degrees Fahrenheits, and can then be cooled to room temperature. Linear thermal contraction perpendicular to shear plane can be related with segment thickness " T ", temperature change and thermal expansion coefficient.In cooling procedure In, non-uniform elastomer thickness can lead to non-uniform contraction.Non-uniform contraction can lead to deposits in finally cooling region In residual-tensile stress, which can negatively affect fatigue life.

With further reference to Figure 11-11C, and referring primarily to Figure 11 C, in some embodiments, top plate 220 first, Two upturned portions 228,230 may include outer planar portion 228a, 230a (illustrate only first in Figure 11 C and upwarp area) and inside Planar section 228d, 230d.In some embodiments, planar section 228a, 230a and 228d, 230d can be relative to along centers The plane P that the outer surface 224 of part 226 extends is with angle △ extension.In some embodiments, angle △ can be obtuse angle, and And in some embodiments, the angle can in the range of about 95 degree to about 115 degree, such as 105 degree or within the scope of this appoint What other angles.In the embodiment that wherein the first upturned portion 212 and/or the second upturned portion 214 include clamping element, such as It more fully hereinafter describes, plane surface can surround the one or both sides of clamping element, or can be alternately arranged relative to clamping element.Top First and second upturned portion 228,230 of plate 220 may additionally include central part 226 and planar section 228a, 230a and 228d, Lower curved portion 228b, 230b and 228e, the 230e of transition are formed between 230d.Similarly, on the first and second of top plate 220 It sticks up part 228,230 and may additionally include and formed between lateral lip 232,234 and planar section 228a, 230a and 228d, 230d Upper curvatures 228c, 230c and 228f, the 230f of transition.Top or lower bending part 228b, 230b, 228e, 230e, 228c, 230c, 228f and 230f may be formed to have constant curvature and/or variation curvature.Bottom plate 240 may include similar plane Part and similar upper bend region and lower knuckle region.In some embodiments, upwarping area 212,214 can not wrap Planar section is included, and may be formed to have constant curvature and/or variation curvature.

Turning also now to Figure 11 A, the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 can extend laterally on the outside of side frame 4, And it is arranged in and is different from or higher than at the vertical height of central part 210 or in plane, the central part is arranged in axle box The lower section of top plate 152 is simultaneously in contact with it.Therefore, the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 are disposed relative to center The vertical raised position of part 210.First and second lateral lip 216,218 can provide more spaces for elastomer, and such as It is lower described, the rigidity of adapter pad can be increased.In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 13 B, the first side of bottom plate 240 is to convex The outer surface 244 of edge 252 and the second side flange 254 can be higher than bottom plate 240 lowermost edge about 0.92 inch of outer surface 244 or In the range of about 0.25 inch to about 2 inches.In some embodiments, the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 may include the outer surface 224,244 of plane and level, they can be parallel to the outer surface 244 of central part 226.Some In embodiment, the first lateral lip 252 of bottom plate 240 and the outer surface 244 of the second lateral lip 254 can be placed in roller axle It holds on the vertical shoulder 106 of adapter 199.In other embodiments, the first lateral lip 252 and second side of bottom plate 240 Vertical shoulder 106 is not contacted to the outer surface of flange 254 244.Moreover, in other embodiments, the first side of bottom plate 240 to The outer surface 244 of flange 252 and the second lateral lip 254 can be contacted indirectly vertically by another workpiece (such as compression gasket) Shoulder 106.It is as follows to will be discussed in more detail, it is in some embodiments, perpendicular when applying to the central part 210 of adapter pad When straight active force, the lateral lip 216,218 of adapter pad can respectively share the pact of the vertical active force from pedestal roof 152 10% to 30%.

Although at least the embodiment of adapter pad 200 shown in Figure 11-Figure 13 includes upturned portion 212,214 and Lateral lip 216,218, but without in all embodiments all including these parts.In some embodiments, central part Points 210 can be in no lateral lip 216,218 and/or without using in the case where upturned portion 212,214, but such design can Performance can be will affect.In one embodiment, lateral lip 216,218 can extend from the central part of no upturned portion, and And performance characteristics will not be reduced.Similarly, in some embodiments, lateral lip can extend in outside central portion, but with Central part is in same level.In other embodiments, adapter pad 200 may include that can connect with lateral lip Have a downwarp part.

Top plate 220 can be by one or more different types of alloy systems with proper strength and other performance characteristics At.For example, top plate 220 can be as ASTM A36 steel plate or with being equivalent to or higher than those intensity specified in ASTM A-572 Steel is made.In some embodiments, entire top plate 220 forms (casting, processing, compacting, rolling, punching by single integrated member Pressure, forging or other suitable metal forming operations).In some embodiments, top plate 220 can be constant by having on the whole The material of thickness is formed.In other embodiments, top plate 220 has variable thickness.For example, in some embodiments, top The thickness of the lateral lip 232,236 of plate 220 can be more than or less than the thickness of central part 226.Similarly, as previously mentioned, bottom Plate 240 can have constant or variation thickness.In some embodiments, one, Yi Xiehuo in the turning 233 of top plate 220 It all can be curved.

In some embodiments, the outer surface 226 of top plate 220 can receive the coating of elastomeric material 265, the elastomer Material can be the material of contact pedestal roof 152.It is herein elsewhere as described in, elastomer layer 265 can be the pad Damping and calibrated flexibility are provided, and provide compressible surface so that mill between adapter pad 199 and pedestal roof 152 Damage minimizes.Elastomer coating 265 may be formed to have the flat outer surfaces for conforming to the geometric profile of steel portions of top plate 220 Face, and can have uniform thickness along entire top plate 220, or in other embodiments, have in the discrete portions of the pad There is uniform thickness (for example, having uniform thickness, one or two in top lateral lip 232,234 in central part 210 It is a that above there is (may be different or possible identical) uniform thickness, have on one or two of upturned portion 228,230 (may be different or possible identical) uniform thickness etc.).

It in use, can be by the friction of pad 200 and relative to sideframe pedestal top plate 152 and/or relative to axis The sliding for holding adapter 199 generates heat in adapter pad 200；And/or the elastomeric elements 360 for passing through adapter pad 200 Hysteresis damping generate heat in adapter pad 200.These heat sources can lead to the raising of adapter pad temperature, this will lead to resistance to Long property and rigidity reduce.

In some embodiments, the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 may include being exposed to be encapsulated in axis The upper and lower surfaces of the air on the outside of side frame at case area (when adapter pad is mounted in truck journal box).Exposure table Face can easily allow the heat in the operational process of railcar to dissipate (it serves as cooling fin) from adapter pad, and may make Net heat is flowed from the central part 210 of adapter pad 200 towards lateral lip 216,218.As easily understood, following institute It states, heat generates in adapter pad 200 due to various reasons in the operational process of railcar, such as due to resisting adapter Relative translation or rotation between pad 200 and side frame and between adapter pad 200 and bearing adapter 199 and rubbing for generating It wipes.In addition, adapter pad 200 can since adapter pad 200 and side frame 4 and bearing adapter 199 are contact of the face with face Receive the heat that adapter pad 200 is generated and communicated to elsewhere.In addition, the annular damper of elastomer portion can also generate Heat.The heat finally must be driven off, and the temperature to avoid the component of adapter pad 200 dramatically increases, to extend these The service life of component, and possible design constraint is reduced, the design constraint may be when adapter pad 200 (or each section of adapter pad 200) be not in the case where except heat necessary to higher temperature continuous work.Using adaptation The thermal design of device pad 200 and the rest part of bogie system come help to make the heat from adapter pad 200 flow out, this can have Various design benefits such as widen possible elastomeric material range of choice, extend elastomer by reducing its running temperature The service life of material and other possible benefits.

In some embodiments, adapter pad 200 may include that can be improved it to reduce the heat in adapter pad 200 The additional features of ability.For example, in some embodiments, the first lateral lip 216 and/or the second lateral lip 218 It may include from the part that the side wall in sideframe pedestal area extends laterally.In use, with by metal roller bearing adapter and Steel sideframe pedestal separates exhausted central part on the contrary, the air stream that lateral lip can be generated with compartment on the move directly connects Touching.These lateral lips can provide vacant surface area so that heat is transmitted to atmosphere from adapter pad 200.It can help in this way Dissipate heat from elastomer hysteresis cycle, roller bearing temperature increase and adapter pad 200 in any other heat. In some embodiments, in the case where having the first lateral lip 216 and/or the second lateral lip 218, adaptation can be reduced The operating temperature of device mattress system 198.For example, under normal lateral shear circulation, as described below, in the sky for making 5mph constant flow rate In the case that air-flow flows through 218 top of the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip, in lateral lip 216,218 and pad The temperature difference between the heart can be about 15 degrees Fahrenheits or in the range of about 5 degrees Fahrenheits to about 25 degrees Fahrenheit.From the center of pad to side to Flange the transmitting of increased temperature allow to further increase the heat transmitting to atmosphere, and therefore improve durability.

In some embodiments, one in the outer surface 224 of central part 226 or the inner surface 244 of central part 246 Person or both may include one of various surface characteristics or a variety of, and in some embodiments, it may include surface characteristics Pattern so that these uneven surfaces.For example, upper surface may include bump, ridge and paddy, rough surface, " viscosity " table One of face etc. is a variety of.These surfaces can be formed by a variety of methods, including peened surface, finished surface, Different material (such as different type rubber) is applied to surface etc..When providing these surface characteristics, these surface characteristics can Reduce adapter pad relative to 152 side of pedestal roof to and/or longitudinal sliding motion and/or a possibility that relative rotation, this can improve 200 dynamic load of adapter pad and strength character, and can also reduce due between adapter pad 200 and pedestal roof 152 Rub the amount of localized heat generated in adapter pad 800, which must remove (such as herein from adapter pad 200 It is described elsewhere).Similarly, thermal barrier coating (such as ceramics or porcelain) can be applied on top plate 220 or bottom plate 240.Optionally, Heat shield plate can be used for being thermally isolated the heat of the generation of the Frictional Slipping during high amplitude.This with steel-steel in combination with being usually adapted to Wearing plate that device plate is used together is realized.The plate may be formed such that air gap is maintained and contact area is located at adaptation The outer ledge of device.

Bottom plate 240 can be formed with top plate 220 with similar construction and material.Similarly, the outer surface 244 of bottom plate can wrap The surface treating agent and coating for including elastomeric material 265 are as overhead.

In some embodiments, the entirety of adapter pad 200 or major part may include the coating of elastomeric material 265, Such as shown in Figure 13 C and Figure 13 E.In some embodiments, for example, elastomeric material coating can contact pedestal roof 152, Side frame 4 and roller bearing adapter pad 199, including axle box crown 102 and vertical shoulder 106.In other embodiments, example Such as, the part of the contact pedestal roof 152 of adapter pad 200, side frame 4 and roller bearing adapter pad 199 can be free of elastomer Material.It is herein elsewhere as described in, elastomer layer 265 can provide damping and calibrated flexibility for the pad, And compressible surface is provided so that the abrasion between adapter pad 200, pedestal roof 152 and roller bearing adapter pad 199 most Smallization.Elastomer coating 265 can conform to the outer surface of adapter pad 200, and can have along the outer surface of adapter pad 200 Uniform thickness, or in other embodiments, there is uniform thickness in the discrete portions of pad, such as in central part 210 In with uniform thickness, in one or two of top lateral lip 232,234, upper have (may be different or may be identical ) uniform thickness, there is (may different or may identical) uniform thickness in one or two of upturned portion 228,230 Etc..

In some embodiments, can be provided in elastomeric material described herein using conductive additive electric conductivity and Pass through the separation capacity of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.These additive granules may include such as Ni-coated graphite, silver coated aluminum or silver-plated The material of copper etc.The amount of these additives can be as small as the 0.5% of elastomer total amount, in order to provide enough electric conductivity.It is similar Ground is electrically connected to be formed between truck side frame and adapter, fexible conductor can be molded into elastomeric pad, thus will Top backing plate is connect with bottom plate.Encapsulating conductor can protect conductor to exempt from because of environmental corrosion.Its flexibility allows it in elastomer (example Such as, rubber) material strain when be bent.In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 13 D-13E, between side frame 4 and adapter 199 Electrical connection realized by using earth bus 266.As shown in Figure 13 D-13E, earth bus 266 can be used can be with plate Hole 267 of the border less than about 0.20 inch is attached to top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.Earth bus 266 passes through top plate 220 With the hole 267 in bottom plate 240.The edge of plate can collapse or deform 268 with curling or dead earth bus 266.In some realities It applies in mode, earth bus 266 can be stainless steel braid, a diameter of about 0.100 inch, but also can be as small as 0.050 inch.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 11, it is symmetrical relative to laterally horizontal plane to be built into it for adapter pad 200 And/or it is symmetrical relative to longitudinally perpendicular plane, the laterally horizontal plane cuts through the geometric center C of adapter pad (in Figure 11 It is shown as pass through line B), the geometric center C that the longitudinally perpendicular plane cuts through adapter pad 200 (is shown as pass through in Figure 11 Line A).

In some embodiments, as Figure 11 C is sufficiently shown, the outer side of the lateral lip of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 It is aligned to edge 281 and 282 respectively along identical vertical plane.In these embodiments, the lateral lip of bottom plate 240 Lateral length is less than the lateral length of the lateral lip of top plate 220.

In this application, the illustrative size of adapter pad 200 is describe and illustrated, however, each portion of adapter pad Dividing also can be used other sizes, this depends on the fixation of the side frame and bearing that are used together with certain tracks vehicle bogie system Size.

In some embodiments, such as shown in Fig. 3 and Figure 11-11C, adapter pad 200, which may also include, is located at adaptation The top plate 220 of device pad and pad or clamping element on bottom plate 240, they may be structured to adapter pad 200 relative to side frame axis Roof box 152 and bearing adapter 199 position, and also engagement and limit adaptation device pad 200 is relative to pedestal roof 152 and axis The movement of adapter 199 is held, so as to which the movement of adapter pad 200 (that is, shearing) is focused on elastomeric elements 360.It will fit Orchestration pad 200, which is assembled into roller bearing adapter 199, by using vertical shoulder 106 and to force adapter including clamping element Pad 200 is reasonably placed in the middle relative to roller bearing adapter 199 and bearing.In addition, adapter pad system 198 promotes adapter 200 and wheel to the center for being back to centered position or power and being close to zero.

For example, adapter pad 200 can include: be arranged in the of the first vertical shoulder 106 of adapter 199 and bottom plate 240 One upwarps the first side between area 248 to adapter clamping element 270；And the second vertical shoulder 106 of adapter 199 is set The second side between area 250 is upwarped to the tight part 271 of adapter clip with the second of bottom plate 240.Lateral adapter clamping element 270,271 It can extend along a part of the longitudinal length of the entire longitudinal length or adapter pad 200 of adapter pad 200.In other embodiment party In formula, lateral adapter clamping element 270,271 may include extending the entire lateral length of adapter pad 200 or its is any portion of Multiple lateral adapter clamping elements.

Lateral adapter pad clamping element 270,271 can be integrally formed with bottom plate 240, including with times on adapter pad 200 What elastomer coating 265 is integrally formed.In other embodiments, lateral adapter pad clamping element 270,271 can be with adapter 199 are integrally formed.In other embodiments, lateral adapter pad clamping element 270,271 can by using adhesive or other Known method is attached to adapter 199 and/or adapter pad 200.

Adapter pad 200 may also include that top plate 220 is arranged in first upwarps the first side on the outer surface 224 in area 228 To side frame clamping element 272；And the second side that the second of top plate 220 upwarps on the outer surface 224 in area 230 is set and is pressed from both sides to side frame Tight part 273.In some embodiments, the first side may be provided at the first lateral lip of top plate 220 to side frame clamping element 272 On 232 outer surface 224；And the second side to side frame clamping element 273 be arranged in top plate 220 the second lateral lip 234 it is outer On surface 224.Lateral side frame clamping element 272, the entire longitudinal length of 273 extensible adapter pads 200 or adapter pad 200 A part of longitudinal length.In other embodiments, lateral adapter clamping element 272,273 may include extending adapter pad 200 entire lateral length or its any portion of multiple lateral adapter clamping element.

Clamping element 270,271,272,273 can be formed by elastomeric material or any other suitable material, and certain It can be used to be properly positioned adapter pad 200 relative to sideframe pedestal 152 and adapter 199 in embodiment.In addition, the first side To adapter clamping element 270 and the second side to the tight part 271 of adapter clip can be configured to reduce or eliminate adapter 199 be adapted to The sliding occurred between the bottom plate 240 of device pad 200.Similarly, the first side is clamped to side frame clamping element 272 and the second side to side frame Part 273 can be configured to reduce or eliminate the sliding occurred between the outer surface of top plate 220 224 and axle box 152.In certain implementations In mode, this can reduce or eliminate system operation during between adapter 199 and the matching surface of adapter pad 200 and The sliding occurred between sideframe pedestal top plate 199 and the matching surface of adapter pad 200.In addition, in some embodiments, institute The reduction for stating the sliding between contact surface can reduce the heat generated by any such sliding.

As described above, clutch features structure can pass through matching between the vertical matching surface of maintenance adapter pad component closely Relative motion between horizontal surface of the splice grafting touching to substantially reduce adapter pad system.Sideframe pedestal 152 and adapter pad 200 Between the reduction of relative motion can improve the stiffness characteristics (stiffness behavior) of adapter pad 200.Such as Figure 14 institute Show, for example, the lateral rigidity of adapter pad system of the comparison with and without clamping element, exists in adapter pad/axle housing interface Longer lateral traveling and non-slip aspect shows the situation of the resistance bigger than the adapter pad system for not including clamping element Under, improvement can be observed at the end of stroke.The reduction slided between component can also reduce the physical abrasion of adapter pad system.

It in some embodiments, can be by adapter pad 200 relative to roller bearing adapter 199 and pedestal roof 152 mobile generation heat.The heat be by shear displacemant elastomer material circulation lag caused by.Institute as above It states, excessive heat can adversely affect the performance of elastomeric elements 360, and reduce the durability of adapter pad.Such as Figure 15 It is shown, the adapter pad fatigue dynamic characteristic with and without clamping element is compared, the adapter pad with clamping element 200 generate less heat compared with the adapter pad 200 for not having clamping element.In some embodiments, when adapter pad 200 When between the roller bearing adapter 199 of the railcar of traveling and the pedestal roof 152 of side frame, adapter pad 200 will not 130 degrees Fahrenheits can be more than about.In some embodiments, adapter pad system 198 may be structured to limit the temperature of elastomer The degradation temperature of the specific elasticity body and/or adhesive material used in mat structure is made hereinafter, and in some embodiment party In formula, adapter pad system may be structured to reduce the fusing point of elastomeric elements.

As described above, and it is main as shown in Figure 16 A-16B and 11B-11C, elastomeric elements 360 are arranged on top plate Between 220 and bottom plate 240.Elastomeric elements 360 support vertical load and allow top plate 220 (it supports side frame) bottom of relative to Plate 240 (its be adapted device support) carry out it is limited longitudinally, laterally and rotary motion.Compared to sliding adapter design, in this way It can be by Low rigidity, also thus low load realizes relative motion of the side frame relative to adapter.As shown in Figure 17 A-17D, energy It is enough that top plate 220 is measured relative to bottom plate with length travel (Figure 17 B), lateral displacement (Figure 17 C) and swing offset (Figure 17 D) 240 movement.Adapter pad elastomeric material 360 can be hysteresis material and recycle (deflection in deformation Cycling there is material damping during).According to the material of selection and damping, this provides another energy absorption characteristics structure. For example, there is the material that damps too much may cause the overheat of elastomeric elements 360 and reduce its short-term stiffness and long-term resistance to Long property.Elastomeric elements 360 can be by any suitable elastomeric material (example with suitable intensity, flexibility and stiffness characteristics Such as rubber) it is formed.In some embodiments, should have that Durometer A hardness 70+'s/- 10 is hard for the material of elastomeric material Degree meter (hardness).Workable elastomer may include but be not limited to: natural rubber；Butyronitrile；Hydrogenated butyronitrile；Butadiene；Isoamyl two Alkene or polyurethane, and can have the hardometer (hardness) of about 60-80 Durometer A hardness.

In general, elastomeric elements 360 can be attached to top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 by injection molding.In general, top plate 220 and bottom Plate 240 can be placed in mold.In some embodiments, the part of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 can be coated with adhesive to allow Elastomeric elements 360 adhere on plate.In addition, in some embodiments, what spacer can be placed in mold certain is not needed In the region of elastomeric material.Once being provided with, elastomeric material being heated and inserting in mold, and elastomer material Material can flow in entire cavity body of mould, to adhere to the region coated with adhesive.Elastomer can then undergo vulcanization and/ Or solidification.

Elastomeric elements 360 can provide damping in adapter pad 200, allow rigidity in adapter pad 200 and/or soft Property discrete change occurs, and allow to there are damping, rigidity, flexibility or other parameters in the different piece of adapter pad 200 Difference, to allow suitably to design.

As shown in Figure 11 A, elastomeric elements 360 include: the center being arranged in the central part 210 of adapter pad 200 Part 362 and the first exterior elastomer structure being arranged in corresponding first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 Part 364 and the second exterior elastomer component 366.Exterior elastomer component 364,366 is by using lateral lip 216,218 by bullet Elastomer material extends to outside the envelope region of standard adapter gap, the section of shear and volume of Lai Zengjia elastomer layer 360.This is The area that elastomeric elements 360 provide bigger, and the rigidity of adapter pad 200 can be increased.

As best seen in Figure 16 A, in terms of top view, central elastic body portion 362 can be it is substantially square, and And in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 16 A, there can be one or more fillets 363.With the elastomeric elements with corner 360 compare, and the fillet of entire elastomeric elements 360 can reduce or eliminate stress concentration.As discussed above, elastomeric elements 362 thickness can have uniform thickness on entire central part 210.

Central elastic body portion 362 can be mainly disposed in central part 210, but may also set up in some embodiments First upwarp area 212 and second upwarp in area 214 (as shown in fig 16b) and be arranged in lateral lip 216,218.Such as figure Shown in 16B, central elastic body component 362 can have about 6.7 inches lateral length or lateral length at about 6.5 inches to about In the range of 10 inches.In some embodiments, and as shown in fig 16b, elastomer 360, which can be located at, upwarps area 212,214 And it is arranged between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.In some embodiments, if elastomer 360 upwarp area setting plate it Between, then the elastomer can be compressed or be sheared under lateral load.Such compression in area 212,214 elastomers is upwarped (with other The shearing of area's elastomer is consistent) allow adapter pad reach can improving performance high rigidity.

As best seen in Figure 16 A, in terms of top view, in the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 one Exterior elastomer part 364,366 in person or both is respectively formed outer edge 374,376.Outer edge 374,376 may be provided at Between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 so that a part of one or both of top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 extend radially outwardly it is super Cross at least part of the outer edge 374,376 of elastomer portion.

In some embodiments, outer edge 374,376 can be outer longitudinal edge (374a, 376a) (that is, working as adapter pad 200 when being installed in bogie system, can generally longitudinally extend), and may include outer with top plate 220 and/or bottom plate 240 Side longitudinal edge shape is different and the bending part that is misaligned.When using term " outer longitudinal edge ", it is intended to be limited to opposite lateral side The outer edge part extended between edge 280,282 between the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 (that is, laterally prolong Stretch and by two edges of central part 210), and can be as discussed in this article it is curved, wherein each bending section It point include at least one towards lateral vector component (that is, perpendicular to the direction of motion for the bogie for receiving adapter pad 200).

For example, at least part 374R, 376R of outer edge 374,376 can be formed to have relative to the adapter The continuous radius (R) of the geometric center (label is C " such as on Figure 16 A) of pad.In some embodiments, each outer edge 374,376 may include two discontinuous curved edge 374R, 376R, the two with constant radius, have between can be Central part between the two straight or in the curve different from constant radius part.In other embodiments, constant Half path portion can be continuous and proximally prolong towards the opposite side edge 380,382 of two in corresponding lateral lip It stretches, such as in the extension on the whole of corresponding lateral lip, or extends between opposite side edge but upwarped with from corresponding Part 212,214 extends to a part of 374z, 376z matching at the edge 374,376 with radius geometry.

In some embodiments, side edge 380,382 and outer longitudinal edge 374a, 376a and elastomer portion 360 Any other edge may include the profile 381 being recessed inwardly, such as the best depiction in Figure 11 A-11C.In some embodiments In, the profile 381 being recessed inwardly can be the same profile of the entire perimeter around elastomeric elements 360, and in other implementations In mode, what the profile 381 being recessed inwardly can be experienced according to the corresponding part of elastomeric elements 360 is expected compression and is formed not Same profile.

As can be appreciated and discussed elsewhere herein, elastomeric elements 360 compress under loads and deformation, and Elastomeric material is radially outward pressed close to outer edge.The profile 381 being recessed inwardly is minimized or is eliminated in elastomeric elements 360 Nominal outer peripheral deformation more than component 360 can extend the fatigue life of adapter pad 200 in certain embodiments in this way.

The profile 381 being recessed inwardly may include the first part 383 extended generally downwardly from the lower surface of top plate 220, from Second part 385 that the upper surface of bottom plate 240 extends generally upward and transition portion 384 therebetween.In some embodiments In, one or both of first part 383 and second part 385 can be (along the straight part of elastomer portion) of plane Or linear (along the bending part of elastomer portion) (generally linear segment), from the respective table of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 Face is extended with angle [alpha] and β.

In some embodiments, first part 383 and second part 385 can be extended with identical relative angle, and In other embodiments, the relative angle that first part 383 and second part 385 can be different extends.In some embodiments In, angle can be about 30 degree of adjacent surface of top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 relatively, such as model between about 15 degree and about 45 degree An interior angle is enclosed, it is angled including the institute within the scope of this.As shown in Figure 11 B, central elastic body portion 362 can equally include The similar profile 381 being recessed inwardly extended around the outer edge of central part.

As best seen in Figure 11 A, 11C and the 16B, one or both of upturned portion 212,214 may include pushing up The intracorporal hollow space 372 of the chamber formed between plate 220 and bottom plate 240, the hollow space are that do not have elasticity substantially wherein The gap of body material, and can be in the first upturned portion 212 and/or the second upturned portion 214 in corresponding elastomeric elements Form interruption.Hollow space 372 can provide the elastomeric elements 360 in centrally disposed part 210 and be arranged in lateral lip 216, being kept completely separate between the elastomeric elements in 218.In some embodiments, gap may include being tapped by transition part The layer of elastomer material for touching the very small thickness of each of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240, may depend on institute in molding process The possible limitation for the tool operation used, but this thin layer (when it is present) will not substantially facilitate adapter pad 200 Performance.In addition, in some embodiments, hollow space 372 may include the small portion extended between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 Divide elastomeric material, but it is substantially hollow in the case of other.In some embodiments, the width of hollow space 372 Can be about 0.25 inch or in the range of about 0.1 inch to about 0.5 inch, or at least with the maximum on adapter pad 200 It is lateral wide as rotary motion.In some embodiments, hollow space 372 is configured to provide in top plate 220 and bottom plate The lateral gap of corresponding transition portion 212,214 is extended through between 240, in this way, sending out between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 Pass through during raw lateral or rotary relative movements and/or in railcar operational process the adaptation being arranged on rail truck When lateral and/or swing offset occurs for device pad 200, the respective inner surfaces of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 in transition portion are not each other Contact.

Hollow space 372 can play the role of limiting the bending stress in top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.Hollow space 372 can About 0.25 inch.In about 0.25 inch of motion range, top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 upwarp area it is engageable and prevent into The relative motion of one step.This can the upward elastic body strain in opposite side and the metal stresses setting upper limit.

As detailed below, elastomeric elements 360 and especially exterior elastomer component 364,366 may be in the following manner Construction: so that elastomer is not more than it by being up to 0.23 inch by being up to the rotational shear stress that the displacement of 41 milliradians obtains Lateral displacement and up to 0.14 inch length travel obtain laterally and longitudinally shear stress.For example, exterior elastomer Component 364,366 can be configured to so that any point on bending section 374R, 376R all has less than or equal to lateral or vertical It is displaced to the rotational shear of shear displacemant.Also, because shear strain is directly proportional to shear displacemant, along bending section 374R, 376R All the points can undergo identical strain.

The immediate vicinity for occuping the elastomeric material 360 of inner surface middle of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 can passed through Elastomeric elements 360 are measured on cross section.There are in the embodiment of multiple elastomeric elements, each component can be surveyed individually Amount, and each component can be added the measured value to determine entire elastomeric elements 360.In some embodiments, elastic Total shearing width of body component 360 or the length on lateral can be about 9.6 inches or in about 6 inches to about 14 inches of range It is interior.Similarly, total sheared length of elastomeric elements 360 or length in a longitudinal direction can be about 6.9 inches or in about 6 English In the range of very little to about 10 inches.The combination shearing perimeter of elastomeric elements or the perimeter of all parts can be about 51.70 inches Or in the range of about 35 inches to about 75 inches.In some embodiments, total on the shear plane of elastomeric elements 360 Surface area can be about 55.5 square inches or in the range of about 50 square inch to about 70 square inches.Except central part The total surface areas of elastomeric elements 360 can be about 15.5 square inches or in about 5 square inches to about 30 square inches of model In enclosing or greater than 5 square inches.Therefore, the surface area of the elastomeric elements in lateral lip 216,218 can be for respectively about 7.75 square inches or in the range of about 2.5 square inches to about 15 square inches or be greater than 2.5 square inches.

As detailed below, the elastomer layer 364,366 except central area 210 can help to adapter pad 200 Global stiffness.For example, in some embodiments, the elastomeric elements 360 except central area 210 can account for the total of adapter pad Laterally and longitudinally rigidity about 15% or in the range of about 5% to about 30% and the rotational stiffness of adapter pad 200 33% or in the range of about 15% to about 60%.

As discussed previously, when the elastomeric elements 360 of adapter pad 200 under vertical load laterally, longitudinally and rotation When turning to load on direction, shearing resistance is provided.This shearing resistance is by passing through elastomeric elements between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 Relative movement caused by 360 interactions causes.Simple shear strain (Simple shear strain) is defined as d/t, The displacement of middle d=elastomeric elements, the thickness of t=elastomeric elements.In some embodiments, it is cut in maximum displacement Shear strain can reach the value higher than 100%.For example, in some embodiments, lateral strain reach 110% or 120% or 130%.In some embodiments, shear strain under maximum displacement be no more than 105%, 110%, 115% or 120% or 130%.

To reduce the stress in the elastomeric elements 360 under maximum shear displacement, it can be beneficial that in shear-type load Period provides normal stress or compression to elastomeric elements 360.In some embodiments, the vertical load of adapter pad passes through The pedestal roof 152 of side frame is transferred to central area 210.In addition, although top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 can contact the perpendicular of adapter Straight shoulder, in some embodiments, top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 are flexible, and the vertical load on center 210 It can not be equably transferred to lateral lip 216,218, and there may be non-uniform vertical loads on elastomeric elements 360 point Cloth.This compression that can lead to the elastomeric elements 360 except the region below pedestal roof 152 is reduced.Can be used it is a variety of can Increase pedestal roof 152 except elastomeric elements 360 on (for example, in lateral lip 216,218) normal stress or pressure The method of contracting.

In embodiments, the elastomeric elements 360 except 152 region of pedestal roof can be compressed more than 0.020 English The 7% of static thickness very little or greater than elastomeric elements 360.In some embodiments, the precommpression of this magnitude can change The fatigue life of kind elastomeric elements 360.In addition, in embodiments discussed herein, when to the center of adapter pad 200 When part 210 applies vertical force, adapter pad lateral lip 216,218 can respectively share about the 10% to 30% of vertical force.And And in embodiments discussed herein, the interaction of vertical load be can provide greater than 3000 pounds at vertical shoulder 106 Vertical force is so as to precompressed elastic body component.

In some embodiments, main as shown in Figure 18, (in outside in the region except pedestal roof 152 In elastomeric elements 364,366) elastomeric elements 360 compression, can be by the length direction along elastomeric elements 360 Make elastomeric elements 360 that there is non-uniform thickness to realize.For example, in some embodiments, the first exterior section 364 And/or second exterior section 366 can form thickness X, and central part 362 can form different or smaller thickness Y.It can shape At the geometry (such as bending of upturned portion 212,214) of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 to adapt to the thickness difference between X, Y, To allow central part and the elastomer portion in exterior section as expected as contact top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 Inner surface.In some embodiments, the first exterior section 364 and/or the second exterior section 366 and central part are formed The thickness difference of 362 elastomeric elements can based on longitudinally, laterally with face internal force that adapter pad is applied on direction of rotation (in-plane forces) come assist reduce outer layer simple shear strain.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 18, one or both of lateral lip 216,218 can be formed, so that Elastomer layer 364,366 therein includes about 0.25 inch of thickness X, such as in the range of 0.15 inch to 0.30 inch, Including all thickness within the scope of this.In this embodiment, the thickness Υ of the elastomer layer 360 of central part 362 can be about 0.20 inch, such as in the range of 0.15 inch to 0.25 inch, including all thickness within the scope of this.Bullet as described herein The static thickness or the elastomer layer when not having external load on elastomer layer that the thickness of property body layer refers to elastomer layer Thickness.One or both of lateral lip part 364,366 and central part 362 can have different thickness, middle and upper part It is thicker than central part, can be achieved in this way the load for generally increasing one or both of lateral lip part 364,366 or The desired effects of compression, this is because the anticipated load during the material property of elastomer layer is run based on track adds additional Its intensity and durability.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 18, adapter pad 200 can not by top plate 220 (as shown in figure 18) or Bottom plate 240 is not integrated in the case where elastomeric elements 360 optionally and is formed by injection molding.In elastomeric elements 360 After vulcanization, by top plate 220 (as shown in figure 18) or optionally by bottom plate 240, elastomeric elements are attached or are integrated to.Because Exterior elastomer structure 364,366 has the thickness bigger than central elastic body component 362, so lateral lip 216,218 is necessary It is compressed so that bottom plate 240 by top plate 220 (as shown in figure 24) or is optionally attached or bonded to elastomeric elements.In some realities It applies in mode, central elastic body component 362 can interact with compressive load, so that the wing be made to be maintained at compression strain shape State.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 19-23, elastomeric elements 360 are in the area except pedestal roof 152 Compression can have the elastomeric elements 360 in gap to complete by being formed in central part 362.In some embodiments, For example, central part 362 includes one or in other embodiments includes multiple elongate gaps 868, the elongate gap will Central part 362 partly or is thoroughly divided into multiple portions 862a, 862b, 862c, 862d, 862e, as shown in figure 19.One Or central part is collectively formed in multiple (be hereinafter referred to as " multiple " for convenience, but also include single gap) gaps 868 Multiple interruptions in 362.When adapter pad 200 is assembled between side frame and bearing adapter 199, adapter pad 200 Central part 210 can carry significant compressing force, (when compared with top plate 220 and bottom plate 240) described compressing force by it is opposite can The elastomer portion 360 of compression perceives, so that elastomer portion 360 tends to laterally and longitudinally deformation and expansion (based on material By the situation of vertical compression).It is (respective in multiple gaps 868 that the presence in multiple gaps 868 can provide private space for lateral spread In the embodiment longitudinally extended).Similarly, it also extends laterally or transfers in the embodiment extended laterally in multiple gaps, The vertical expansion that exists in multiple gaps 868 provides private space.

As best seen in Figure 19, in some embodiments, multiple gaps 868 are respectively in elastomer portion 860 Longitudinally extend between opposite side edge 880,882, and extends parallel to each other.In some embodiments, when adapter pad 800 When in unsupported configuration, multiple gaps 868 are connected to each by first longitudinal direction edge 880 with second longitudinal direction edge 882.Negative In the case where load, in multiple gaps 868 it is all or part of can deformation (as discussed above) so that in respective clearance 868 Only a part is connected to by corresponding longitudinal edge 880,882, or in some embodiments, substantially entire gap 868 can be closed Merging is closely intersected with longitudinal edge 880,882, (is not born from being in so that not having visible opening that can be perceived in gap 868 It carries visible in the respective edges 880,882 of construction).

In some embodiments, as indicated in figures 19 and 22, each of multiple gaps 868 can be formed with edge The uniform crosssection of its length direction, and (under no-load condition) all gaps in multiple gaps 868 can be formed it is identical Cross section or each of multiple gaps 868 can be defined as that there is constant cross section along its length.

Figure 20 A-20C shows various types of cross sections in multiple gaps 868.In general, it is contemplated that multiple gaps 868 include one or more bendings or flat side, and multiple gaps 868 each of may include bending features structure with The combination of flat feature structure.For example, having circular cross section or multiple gap 868a including curved side.In some implementations In mode, opposite flank (extending) can be of the same size between top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 and geometry, and such as exists Shown in Figure 20 A, a side can have side is different corresponding thereto shape or size (referring to fig. 2 the 866' in 0A and 868")。

Figure 20 B shows the gap 868c of generally elliptical optional shape.Figure 20 C, which is shown, is formed to have two The gap 868d (wherein truncation part contact base plate 240) of the optional shape of the truncation diamond shape of a opposite flattened side.Figure 21A-21C is provided in the case where applying load (F) to adapter pad 200, the possibility shape in different multiple gaps 868 Schematic diagram.

In some embodiments, and as shown in Figure 22, multiple gap 868e extend only through elastomer structure 860 part fore-and-aft distance of part, and it is as shown in the figure do not reach longitudinal edge 880,882, while contemplating other arrangements (such as One of two longitudinal edges 880,882 or end are extended to closer to one of two longitudinal edges 880,882).In In this embodiment, size and shape can be arranged based on the various sizes and shape imagined above in gap 868d.

In the other embodiments shown in Figure 23, multiple gap 868f may extend away certain thickness, which is less than top plate Total distance between 220 and bottom plate 240, wherein a part of elastomeric elements is relative to one or more in multiple gap 868f It is a to be vertically arranged and contact one or both of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.As shown in figure 23, gap 868f contacts top plate 220 lower surface, but not contact base plate 240.

As best seen in Figure 23, the inner surface of top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 may include along top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 The depressed section 825a for the part setting being connected to multiple gaps 868.Depressed section 825a be can provide to make elastomer portion Mold (all cores as known in the art or other kinds of molding equipment) indexing, so as to relative to top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 Form gap 868.In addition depressed section 825a can provide the space for allowing elastomeric elements 860 to expand/deform under a load, To still according to the size for minimizing gap 868 while needing to provide expansion/deformation benefit.

Additionally, there are the other methods of the elastomeric elements 360 that can increase in lateral lip 216,218 compression.For example, such as Shown in Figure 24, in some embodiments, lateral lip 216,218 can by elastomeric elements 364,366 be inserted into top plate 220 with It is compressed in together after between bottom plate 240.Top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 are compressed together to the plastic deformation that can cause steel.Top The plastic deformation of plate 220 and bottom plate 240 can generate normal stress in external elastomer layer 364,366 and can increase compression. Punch die or other suitable equipment can be used to complete the compression of top plate 220 and bottom plate 240.As used herein, term is inserted into Kinds of processes can be covered, including use molding process or casting process and other known technology to be inserted into elastomer.

In other embodiment, for example, by the lateral lip 216,218 of manufacture top plate 220 and bottom plate 240 with court To each other be at an angle of and then by the position of flange formation to general parallel orientation, compression can be generated in lateral lip 216,218. For example, top plate 220 can be fabricated such that lateral lip 232,234 is outwardly and downwardly at an angle of, and bottom plate 240 is lateral convex Edge 252,254 is outwardly and upwardly at an angle of before assembly adapter pad 200.Thus, when initially manufactured, top plate and bottom plate Lateral lip is not parallel, is angled towards each other.Plate 220,240 is then assembled with elastomer portion 360, and Lateral lip 232,234,252,254 is forced to be resiliently bent to the alignment that is essentially parallel to each other.In some embodiments, can make This step is completed with injection molding machine, wherein elastomeric elements 360 are injected into mold.Once adapter pad solidifies, lateral Elastic strain may be present in prominent flange, which applies normal load to external elastomer layer 364,366, thus can produce Raw compression strain.

In other embodiment, as shown in figs. 25 and 26, can by using in laterally projecting flange 216,218 or The compression gasket of lower section increases the compression of lateral lip 216,218 elastomer components 360.Compression gasket can be used herein, So that when applying vertical force to the central part 210 of adapter pad 200, the anti-work of the vertical load at vertical shoulder 106 Be greater than 3000 pounds of vertical force with providing so that adapter pad lateral lip 216,218 respectively share about the 10% of vertical force to 30%.In some embodiments, compression gasket can force more vertical loads in compartment to be assigned to from center elastomer layer 360 Exterior elastomer layer 364,366.As shown in figure 25, the first adapter compression gasket 290 may be provided at roller bearing adapter 199 Vertical shoulder upper surface and bottom plate 240 the first lateral lip 216 outer surface 244 between.Similarly, although not scheming In show, the second adapter compression gasket 290 can similarly relative to 218 (not shown) of the second lateral lip place.Adapter Compression gasket 290 can be about 0.05 inch or in the range of about 0.06 inch to about 0.18 inch.As discussed in this article Compression gasket can have any number of different shape and construction, in order to provide the necessary load for compressing exterior elastomer. For example, compression gasket can be rectangle, square, trapezoidal, taper, there can be hollow cross-section, and can be Multiple compression gaskets.In addition, as discussed in this article compression gasket can in molding process with adapter pad be integrally formed, can be with rolling Column bearing adapter is integrally formed, or can be added to after the molding process in roller bearing adapter system.

As shown, for example, compression gasket as discussed in this article can have a variety of different shapes in Figure 25 A-25I And construction.As shown in fig. 25 a, compression gasket 290 can be substantially rectangular in cross section, and its width can be equal to or less than bottom plate 240 The width of the outer surface 244 of lateral lip 252,254.Similarly, the length of compression gasket 290 as shown in fig. 25 a is smaller than Or equal to bottom plate 240 lateral lip 252,254 outer surface 244 length.Compression gasket 290 can have constant or variable Thickness.As shown in Figure 25 B, 25C and 25D, compression gasket 290 can have curved, trapezoidal or triangle cross section shape Shape.In addition, as shown in Figure 25 E and Figure 25 D, compression gasket 290 can raised central part 295, the center of the protrusion Part can be general curved or as shown in fig. 25f being general triangular or can be that any other is suitable as seen in figure 25e Shape.As shown in Figure 25 G, compression gasket 290 may include hollow space 296.In addition, as shown in Figure 25 H and 25I, compression pad Piece 290 may include multiple compression gaskets.

As shown in figure 26, adapter pad 200 may additionally include between elastomeric elements 360 and top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 Compression gasket.As shown in figure 26, adapter pad 200 may include being set to the first lateral lip 216 and being located at top plate 220 and first The first upper adapter between exterior elastomer component 364 pads compression gasket 291.Similarly, although being not shown, the Two upper adapters pad compression gasket 291 may be disposed at the second lateral lip 218 and be located at top plate 220 and the second exterior elastomer Between component 366.In addition, similar the first and second lower adapters pad compression gasket is settable although being not shown In the first lateral lip 216 and the second lateral lip 218 and between elastomeric elements 360 and bottom plate 240.Upper and lower part Adapter pad compression gasket 291 can be about 0.05 inch or in the range of about 0.06 inch to about 0.18 inch.

In order to which compression gasket 291 is padded on application top or lower adapter, as shown in figure 26, adapter pad 200 can pass through note It is moulded into type, without applying adhesive to top plate 220 or bottom plate 240 in laterally projecting flange 216,218.This can prevent external elasticity Body layer 364,366 adheres to top plate 220 or bottom plate 240.After vulcanization, top or lower adapter pad compression gasket 291 can It is inserted between exterior elastomer 364,366 and top plate 220 or bottom plate 240.As discussed above, this is compressible positioned at lateral The elastomeric elements 360 of prominent flange 216,218, to increase normal stress.

As discussed above, it has been determined by, the performance of adapter pad system 198 is adapter pad 200 The function of rigidity.More particularly, in some embodiments, it has been determined that can be by increasing the rigid of adapter pad system 198 Degree (being measured with power (pound)/deformation (inch)) improves the adapter pad performance including projected life.

The physical measurements values of pad rigidity can determine in the following way: make adapter pad 200 in three principal directions, i.e. side It is recycled on, longitudinal direction and direction of rotation；Usual 35,000 pounds of constant perpendicular load on pad is born simultaneously.It is surveyed in entire measurement The power for being displaced pad for corresponding to the distance of pad displacement is recorded in examination.Then collect the data of test and by it in power- It is drawn on displacement curve figure, an example of the curve graph is shown in FIG. 27.It is each to determine to may then use that following methods Rigidity, damping and the lag of a direction of motion: can capture the upper bound and the lower bound of the linear segment of force-displacement curve by determining, Calculate the slope of the line of best fit between the upper bound and lower bound (for the upper and bottom section of curve) then to determine pad 200 rigidity.Then rigidity is determined by being averaged to upper slope and lower slope.As discussed above, in track or Longitudinal rigidity is measured in route direction, measures lateral rigidity perpendicular to route direction, and opened around axle box with adapter is resisted The rotation of vertical axis at the longitudinally and laterally center line (being labeled as " C " on Figure 16 A) of mouth carrys out side amount rotational stiffness.Pass through Y intercept and lower y intercept in measurement, and upper y intercept subtracts lower y intercept to determine lag, and the example is in Figure 27 It shows.As shown in figure 27, damping is determined by the area in measuring force-displacement loop line.Pad resistance in given displacement range Buddhist nun's amount is and include that area in loop line is directly proportional at expected frequency.

The target damping value of embodiments disclosed herein is 0.10 to 0.30tan δ, rubber/elastomer material hardness mesh Scale value is 60A to 80A.Tan δ is damping measurement value of the material when bearing cyclic loading, is defined as out-phase load and (carries in sine On lotus be 90 degree) and same Xiang Zaihe (0 degree) ratio.The representative value of elastomer can be 0.04 to 0.35.

The area of the hysteresis loop of each circulation is the more direct measurement to the energy absorption of adapter pad.With regard to this paper institute For the embodiment stated, π 3GTan δ ε can be passed through²Estimate lag energy absorption, wherein G is the modulus of shearing of about 360psi, Tan δ is about 0.3 and strain stress=1 during about 100% swing.At 4Hz, energy absorption is about 4,070 in-lb/ Second.Reasonable range can be +/- 25%.

As discussed herein, certain embodiments include it is except the region below pedestal roof 152, in shearing Under elastomeric elements 360 (part 364 and 366).In such embodiment, the Ke Nengcun in typical adapter pad is compared In the elastomeric material that can more use under shear.This allows adapter pad 200 not having to reduce shearing thickness or increasing Realize that rigidity increases in the case where adding elastomer hardness.Strain can be increased simultaneously by reducing shearing thickness and/or increasing elastomer hardness And shorten the service life of pad.Adapter pad 200 can increase the rigidity of adapter pad system 198 as a result, this can improve railcar Overall performance, while extending the service life of adapter pad 200.Exterior elastomer layer 364,366 can be by further from rotation Additional elastomeric is provided at the distance of axis to increase the rotational stiffness of adaptor plate 200.In some embodiments, for example, Exterior elastomer layer 364,366 can account for total lateral rigidity of adapter pad 200 and about the 15% of longitudinal rigidity or about 10% to about 20% or it is greater than 10%, and the rotational stiffness that can account for adapter pad 200 about 33% or about 25% to about 40% or is greater than 25%.

Embodiments disclosed herein can have high lateral rigidity and longitudinal rigidity, stagnant without high power and displacement The ratio between afterwards.Lag is proportional to the energy to be dissipated by displacement cycle, and can be lost in the form of heat or noise.It is overall and Speech, lag is higher, and the temperature raising in adapter pad 200 is bigger, and fatigue life is lower.Embodiments disclosed herein is real Show the high rigidity of adapter pad, while being displaced to ARR institute by minimizing to lag to improve fatigue life and allow to pad The maximum magnitude of setting: 41 milliradian on direction of rotation, lateral 0.23 inch and 0.14 inch of longitudinal direction.

Embodiments disclosed herein may need to increase the amount of power so that top plate 220 relative to bottom plate 240 with higher amount Grade displacement.Thickness, length and the quantity of the adjustable elastomeric material positioned at hollow space 372 are to change force-displacement curve figure Slope and shape.In some embodiments, the elastomeric material positioned at the neighbouring pad for upwarping the adapter wing may have with The different stiffness characteristics of the characteristic of elastomeric material in the central area of adapter pad.

It has been shown in the following Table 2 the exemplary measurement of the embodiments disclosed herein obtained using above-mentioned test method Value and test result.It should be appreciated that these embodiments are examples, and the other structures with other test results may be present Embodiment.

Table 2

Figure 28 shows the other embodiments of adapter pad 400 into Figure 43.Adapter pad shown in Figure 28 to Figure 43 400 embodiment is similar with previously described adapter pad embodiment at many aspects.As described above, adapter pad 400 are configured to be set to the sideframe pedestal top plate 152 of roller bearing adapter 199 (as shown in Figure 36 A to 36E) and side frame 4 Between and engageable roller bearing adapter 199 and side frame 4 sideframe pedestal top plate 152.As shown in Figure 28 to Figure 43, adaptation Device pad 400 generally includes: upper element or plate 420 with inner surface 422 and outer surface 424 have inner surface 442 and appearance The lower element or bottom plate 440 in face 444 and the inner surface 422 that top plate 420 is set along a part of adapter pad 400 Elastomeric elements 560 between the inner surface 442 of bottom plate 440.Adapter pad 400 includes being arranged under pedestal roof 152 Central part 410 under surface, plate 420,440 are respectively provided with corresponding central part 426,446.Adapter pad 400 also wraps It includes first and upwarps area 412 and second and upwarp area 414 and the first lateral lip 416 and the second lateral lip 418.Top plate 420 has Have: corresponding first projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part 426 of top plate 420 upwarps area 428 and second and upwarps area 430, it upwarps outwardly projecting first lateral lip 432 in area from described first and upwarps area 430 from described second and protrude outward The second lateral lip 434.Similarly, bottom plate 440 is included projects upwards from the opposite edges of the central part 446 of bottom plate 440 First upwarp area 448 and second upwarp area 450, outwardly projecting first lateral lip 452 in area is upwarped from described first and Outwardly projecting second lateral lip 454 in area 450 is upwarped from described second.When assembling bogie system, lateral lip 416, 418 are laterally positioned on the outside of pedestal roof 152, and central part 410 is arranged under pedestal roof 152.First upwarps Area 412 and second upwarps the centrally disposed part 410 in area 414 and corresponding first lateral lip 416 and the second lateral lip 418 Between and transition is provided therebetween.

As described above, for other embodiments, central part 410 can mainly include three parts comprising The central part 426 of top plate, the central part 446 of bottom plate and the elastomeric elements 560 being set between the two.As discussed above , the setting of adapter pad 400 has the sideframe pedestal top plate 152 of substantially flat horizontal engagement surface on the whole and generally has Between the roller bearing adapter 199 for having curved or coronal top plate.As shown in figure 30, the central part 446 of bottom plate 440 can have There is curved lower surface, in this way, outer surface generally conforms to bending or the crown shapes of adapter 199.More specifically, In some embodiments, the thickness at central part 446 towards the edge of central part 446 461,462 is greater than central part 446 Center thickness.As described above, the thickness at the center of central part 246 may be about 0.15 inch or about 0.06 inch to about 0.35 inch, and the thickness at edge 461,462 may be about 0.26 inch or about 0.15 inch to 0.5 inch.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 30, the central part 426 of top plate 420 may include basic horizontal and parallel Outer surface 424 and inner surface 422.The thickness of the central part 426 of top plate 420 may be about 0.25 inch or about 0.15 inch To about 0.5 inch.In such a system, the thickness of elastomer portion 560 substantially similar, In on entire central part 410 In some embodiments, such thickness improves performance characteristics.

With further reference to Figure 31, the first upturned portion 428 and the second upturned portion 430 of top plate 420 may include outerplanar Part 428a, 430a (only show first in Figure 31 and upwarp area) and inner planar portion 428d, 430d.In some embodiments In, planar section 428a, 430a and 428d, 430d can be relative to the plane P of along the central part 426 extension of outer surface 424 Extend in Δ angle.In some embodiments, Δ angle can be obtuse angle, and in some embodiments, which can be About 95 degree to about 115 degree, for example, 105 degree or any other angle in the range.In some embodiments, as follows Described in more detail, under conditions of first upwarps area 412 and/or second upwarps area 414 including clamping element, plane can be surrounded The one or both sides of clamping element, or can optionally be arranged relative to clamping element.The first of top plate 420 upwarps on area 428 and second Sticking up area 430 may additionally include the lower bending section of transition between central part 426 and planar section 428a, 430a and 428d, 430d Divide 428b, 430b and 428e, 430e.Similarly, the first upturned portion 428 of top plate 420 and the second upturned portion 430 can also wrap Include between lateral lip 432,434 and planar section 428a, 430a and 428d, 430d the upper bending part 428c of transition, 430c and 428f, 430f.Upper bending part and lower bending part 428b, 430b, 428e, 430e, 428c, 430c, 428f and 430f may be formed to have constant curvature and/or variable curvature.Bottom plate 440 may include similar planar section and upper bending region And lower bending region.In some embodiments, upwarping area 412,414 may not include planar section and may be formed to have Constant curvature and/or variable curvature.

With further reference to Figure 30 and Figure 31, the first lateral lip 416 and the second lateral lip 418 can be in the outsides of side frame 4 It extends laterally and is arranged in the plane at the vertical height different from central part 410 or on central part 410, it is described Plane is arranged under pedestal roof 152 and contacts with pedestal roof 152.Therefore, the first lateral lip 416 and the second side are to convex Edge 418 is disposed relative to the vertical raised position of central part 410.Lateral lip 416,418 can provide more for elastomer 560 Big area, and as described above, the rigidity of adapter pad 400 can be improved in lateral lip 416,418.In some embodiments In, the first lateral lip 452 of bottom plate 440 and the outer surface 444 of the second lateral lip 454 can be positioned at the minimum sides of bottom plate 440 About 0.25 inch extremely at about 0.92 inch or on the outer surface 444 of the lowest edge of bottom plate 440 on the outer surface 444 of edge At about 2 inches.First lateral lip 416 and the second lateral lip 418 may include the outer surface 424,444 of plane and level, should It outer surface can be parallel with the outer surface 444 of central part 426.In some embodiments, the first lateral lip of bottom plate 440 452 and second lateral lip 454 outer surface 444 can be located at roller bearing adapter 199 vertical shoulder 106 on.At other In embodiment, the outer surface 444 of the first lateral lip 452 of bottom plate 440 and the second lateral lip 454 not with vertical shoulder 106 contacts.In other embodiments, the outer surface 444 of the first lateral lip 452 and the second lateral lip 454 of bottom plate 440 Another part of such as compression gasket 290 etc and vertical 106 mediate contact of shoulder can be passed through.As discussed above, one In a little embodiments, when vertical to be applied to the central part 410 of adapter pad, about 2500 pounds or axis is come from About 5% to 30% active force of the vertical of roof box 152 can be distributed to adapter pad lateral lip 416,418 Each.

Although the embodiment of adapter pad 400 shown at least Figure 28 to Figure 43 includes upturned portion 412,414 and side To flange 416,418, but not needing in all embodiments includes these parts.In some embodiments, central part Divide 410 can not be used together and/or be not used together with upturned portion 412,414 with lateral lip 416,418, even now Design can influence performance.In one embodiment, lateral lip 416,418 can extend out from central part and without Upturned portion, and performance characteristics will not be reduced.Similarly, in some embodiments, lateral lip can be in central part Outside extend but and central part in identical plane.In other embodiments, adapter pad 400 may include can with it is lateral convex The part that has a downwarp of edge connection.

As shown, for example, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can in the Figure 29 for being shown in phantom top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 Including lateral edge 480a, 480b, 482a and 482b.Top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 may also include longitudinal edge 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b.As observed by side or above or below, edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b can be straight or may include bending part or angled part.As shown, for example, mainly existing In the side view (including Figure 31 A, 31B, 33A and 33B) of Figure 30 to Figure 33, top plate 420 and the respective edge 480a of bottom plate 440, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b may include that edge is distinguished from the outer surface of plate 420,440 424,444 It curves inwardly the shape of (Figure 31,31A, 33 and 33A) or angled (Figure 33 A and 33B) towards inner surface 422,442.This Outside, mainly as shown in Figure 31 A, 31B, 33A and 33B, edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and One or more of 486b may include substantially vertical part.It shown substantially vertical part can be with 424,444 phase of outer surface Neighbour, with back edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b from the outer surface of plate 420,440 424,444 towards inner surface 422,442 curve inwardly (Figure 31,31A, 33 and 33A) or be angled inward (Figure 33 A and 33B).In other embodiments In, vertical component be not necessarily it is vertical, for example, its can be with edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, The remainder of 486a and 486b is at different angles and/or different curvature.The one of the circumference of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 A part or multiple portions (including edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b) may include continuous Radius.In some embodiments, continuous radius can be about 0.25 inch of radius or the half thickness greater than plate.In addition, A part or more of edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 A part may include the spline contour curvature (splined curvature profile) around circumference comprising one or more A variable radius and/or planar section.Edge 480a, 480b of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440,482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, Half path portion of 486a and 486b can be relative to prolonging on the tangent angle θ of top plate 420 and the inner surface 422,442 of bottom plate 440 It stretches.In some embodiments, angle, θ can be about 25 degree of angle or within the scope of about 10 degree to about 40 degree Angle.In some embodiments, spline contour curvature can away from top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 edge 480a, 480b, Tangent or the outermost from these edges at 0.38 inch of outermost side section of 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b Tangent at about 0.12 inch to 0.6 inch of part.In some embodiments, edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b can with the substantially vertical angle in outer surface 424,444 of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 from this Outer surface 424,444 extend out and with the angle of inner surface 442,444 basic tangents with top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 from It extends out in the inner surface 422,442.In addition, in these embodiments, edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, The some parts of 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b can not or tangents vertical with inner surface 422,442 or outer surface 442,444. For example, as shown in figure 33, at all positions of top plate 420 and the circumference of bottom plate 440, edge 482a can be not orthogonal to outer Surface 444 extends.

In other embodiments, and as discussed above, the circumference of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be configured to, At edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b, outer surface 424,444 is relative to inner surface 422, it extends further out and in 442 substantially flat part.For example, in some embodiments, the circumference around plate can make With groove edge or angled edge.

In some embodiments, as in Figure 30 best image into Figure 33, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 it is lateral convex Lateral and/or longitudinal edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b, 484a, 484b, 486a and 486b of edge are respectively along identical Vertical plane alignment.In these embodiments, the lateral length of the lateral lip of bottom plate 440 is less than the lateral convex of top plate 420 The lateral length of edge.

In some embodiments, from overlook view and as shown in fig. 29b, outer edge 484a, 484b, 486a, 486b It may include one or more bending parts.For example, at least part 484R, 486R of outer edge 484a, 484b, 486a, 486b It is formed as the continuous radius (R) of the geometric center relative to adapter pad.In some embodiments, each outer edge 484a, 484b, 486a, 486b may include two discontinuous curved edge 484R, the 486R with constant radius, and two Central part between person can be straight different from constant radius part or different curvature.In other embodiments, constant half Path portion can be it is continuous and from neighbouring lateral edge extend to opposite lateral edge 480a, 480b, 482a, 482b。

In some embodiments, when rotating up to 41 milliradian from the central position relative to bottom plate when top plate, roller axle Linear displacement less than or equal to 0.234 can be had by holding any point in the lateral edge of adapter.In addition, in some embodiment party In formula, when top plate rotates up to 41 milliradian relative to bottom plate from the central position, any point in lateral edge, which has, to be less than Or the linear displacement equal to maximum length travel and maximum lateral displacement.As discussed above, for other embodiments and Speech, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be by one or more different types of alloys with suitable intensity He other performance characteristics It is made.For example, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be made of ASTM A36 steel plate or be equal to or higher than in ASTM A-572 by intensity The steel of specified intensity is made.In some embodiments, entire top plate 420 and/or bottom plate 440 are formed by single integral member (casting, machining, compacting, rolling, punching press, rolling, forging or other suitable metal forming operations).In some embodiment party In formula, plate 420,440 can be made of the material integrally with constant thickness.In other embodiments, plate 420,440 have can Varying-thickness.For example, as shown in figure 30 and as described above, bottom plate 440 can be thinner towards the center of central part 446.In addition, example Such as, in some embodiments, the thickness of lateral edge 432,434,452,454 can be more than or less than central part 426,446 Thickness.

As discussed above, for other embodiments, and mainly shown in Figure 30 to Figure 33, elastomer Component 50 is arranged between top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.As follows to be discussed in more detail, elastomeric elements 560 can push up The outside of plate 420 and bottom plate 440 extends and the extensible laterally and longitudinally edge beyond the plate.For example, the elastomer Component can be at lateral and/or longitudinally extending at least 0.05 inch of the respective laterally and longitudinally edge beyond the plate, or about 0.01 inch to 0.25 inch.Elastomeric elements 560 support vertical load and allow top plate 420 (it supports side frame) bottom of relative to Plate 440 (it is supported by adapter) carry out it is limited longitudinally, laterally and rotational motion.This allows side frame with Low rigidity relative to suitable Orchestration carries out relative motion, and therefore, compared with sliding adapter design, generates low load.As discussed above, top plate 420 can be with length travel (Figure 17 B), lateral displacement (Figure 17 C) and swing offset (Figure 17 D) relative to the movement of bottom plate 440 Mode measurement obtains.Adapter pad elastomeric material 560 can be material as discussed above.

In general, elastomeric elements 560 can be connected to top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 by injection molding.In general, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be placed in mold.In some embodiments, a part of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be coated with adhesive so that It obtains elastomeric elements 560 and is bonded to the plate.In addition, in some embodiments, not needing elastomeric material in a mold Some regions may be provided with spacer.Once being provided with, elastomeric material can be heated and insert in the mold, and bullet Elastomer material can flow in entire mold cavity, be adhered to the region for being coated with adhesive.In some embodiments, top plate 420 And/or bottom plate 440 may include one or more holes, so that elastomeric material be allowed to pass through each plate in forming process.It is described Elastomeric material then can cure and/or solidify.

As described above, elastomeric elements 560 can provide damping in adapter pad 400, allow in adapter pad 400 Rigidity and/or it is flexible discontinuous variation occurs, and allow the damping of the different piece of adapter pad 400, rigidity, flexibility or Other parameters are different, to generate suitable design.

As shown in figure 30, elastomeric elements 560 may include the center being arranged in the central part 410 of adapter pad 400 Part 562 and the first exterior elastomer component being separately positioned in the first lateral lip 416 and the second lateral lip 418 564 and the second exterior elastomer component 566.Elastomeric material is set to extend beyond standard by using lateral lip 416,418 suitable Orchestration gap envelope region, exterior elastomer component 564,566 increase the section of shear and volume of elastomer layer 560.This is bullet Property body component 560 provides bigger area and the rigidity of adapter pad 400 can be improved.

Central elastic body portion 562 can be substantially square, and in some embodiments, can have one Or multiple fillets.Compared with the elastomeric elements 560 with corner, the fillet of elastomeric elements 560 can reduce or eliminate stress It concentrates.As discussed above, elastomeric elements 562 can have uniform thickness in entire central part 410.

Central elastic body portion 562 can be mainly disposed to central part 410, but may also be arranged in some embodiments First, which upwarps area 412 and second, upwarps in area 414 (as shown in figures 30 and 31) and is arranged in lateral lip 416,418. Central elastic body component 562 can have the size similar with central elastic body component described above.In some embodiments, And as shown in figures 30 and 31, elastomer 560 can be arranged between top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 upwarping area 412,414.In In some embodiments, if elastomer 560 is arranged between the plate for upwarping area, the elastomer can be compressed under lateral load or Shearing.Such compression positioned at the elastomer for upwarping area 412,414 is (consistent with the shearing of other area's elastomers) permissible suitable Orchestration pad obtain can improving performance high rigidity.

Such as Figure 29 B best image, in terms of depression angle, it is located at least partially in the first lateral lip 416 and second Exterior elastomer part 564,566 in one of lateral lip 418 or the two is respectively formed outer longitudinal edge 574,576. The outer longitudinal edge 574,576 of elastomer portion can extend outwardly beyond top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.The outer edge of elastomer portion 574, the distance at 576 edges for extending beyond top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be substantially similar or can be occurred with the length at edge Variation.Elastomer portion can also form lateral edge 578,580.The external lateral edge 578,580 of elastomer portion can be outside Extend beyond top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.The outer edge 578,580 of elastomer portion extends beyond top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 The distance at edge can be substantially similar or can change with the length at edge.One in edge 574,576,578,580 It is a or it is multiple can be substantially in vertical direction it is straight, such as shown in figure 28.

As above to the description of other embodiments, the outer surface of plate 420,440 can accommodate the painting of elastomeric material 565 Layer, the coating can be the material of contact pedestal roof 152.Elastomer coating 565 is formed as flat outer surface, this is flat outer Surface along the geometric profile of the steel part of top plate 420 and can have uniform thickness along entire top plate 420, or at it In his embodiment, there is uniform thickness in the different piece of pad, for example, having uniform thickness, In in central part 410 Have in one in top lateral lip 432,434 or the two (may not it is identical or may with) uniform thickness, upper Sticking up in one in part 428,430 or the two has (may be different or possible identical) uniform thickness, etc..

In some embodiments, it may include elastomeric material coating 565 that adapter pad 400 is whole or most of, can It is integrally formed with elastomeric elements 560.For example, in some embodiments, in addition to the contact pedestal roof of adapter pad 400 152 and adapter 199 those of top surface part (for example, outer surface of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440) outside, adapter pad 400 Major part may include elastomeric material coating 565.In some embodiments, for example, elastomeric material coating 565 is accessible Pedestal roof 152, side frame 4 and roller bearing adapter pad 199, including axle box crown surface 102 and vertical shoulder 106.In In other embodiments, for example, the contact pedestal roof 152 of adapter pad 400, side frame 4 and roller bearing adapter pad 199 Part can be without elastomeric material.As discussed elsewhere herein, elastomer layer 565 can provide damping and calibration for pad Flexibility and compressible surface, to minimize adapter pad 400, pedestal roof 152 and roller bearing adapter 199 Between abrasion.Elastomer coating 565 can be along the outer surface of adapter pad 400 and along the outer surface of adapter pad 400 There can be uniform thickness, or in other embodiments, there is uniform thickness in the different piece of the pad, for example, There is uniform thickness in central part 410, having on one of top lateral lip 432,434 or the two (can phase With or it is different) uniform thickness, there is (can be identical or different) on one of upturned portion 428,430 or the two Uniform thickness, etc..

As best shown in Figure 28 to Figure 30, and as described above, one in upturned portion 412,414 or the two can wrap The intracavitary hollow space 572 for being located at and being formed between top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 is included, which is basic without elasticity The gap of body material and can in the elastomeric elements 560 in the first upturned portion 412 and/or the second upturned portion 414 shape At interruption.Hollow space 572 can the elastomeric elements 560 that are set in central part 410 and be set to lateral lip 416, It provides and is kept completely separate between elastomeric elements in 418.In some embodiments, the gap may include by the transition part Divide and contact the layer of elastomer material of the very small thickness of each in top plate 420 and bottom plate 440, this may depend on forming process Used in tool possible limitation functionally, but this thin layer (when it is present) may be substantially to adapter The performance of pad 400 contributes.In addition, in some embodiments, hollow space 572 may include in top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 Between the fraction elastomeric material that extends, but hollow space is substantially hollow in other cases.In some implementations In mode, the width of hollow space can be about 0.25 inch or about 0.1 inch to about 0.5 inch, or at least such as adapter pad Maximum lateral movement and rotational motion on 200 is so wide.In some embodiments, hollow space 572 is configured to pushing up The lateral gap for extending through corresponding transition portion 412,414 is provided between plate 420 and bottom plate 440, in this way, in transition portion The respective inner surfaces of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 will not occur between the two in laterally opposed movement or rotation relative movement It is in contact with each other and/or will not be occurred in railcar operational process by the adapter pad 400 being arranged on rail truck It is in contact with each other when lateral displacement and/or swing offset.

As described above, hollow space 572 can play the role of limiting the bending stress of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.Hollow portion 572 are divided to may be about 0.25 inch.In about 0.25 inch of motion range, top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 upwarp Qu Kejie Merge and prevents further relative motion.This can produce the upper limit of lateral upper elastic body strain and metal stresses.

As described above, in use, by the friction of pad 400 and relative to sideframe pedestal top plate 152 and/or phase Heat, and/or the bullet by adapter pad 200 may be generated in adapter pad 400 for the sliding of bearing adapter 199 Property body component 560 hysteresis damping generate heat.These heat sources can lead to adapter pad temperature raising, this can lead to durability and Rigidity reduces.As described above, in some embodiments, adapter pad 400 may include that can be improved to reduce in adapter pad 200 Heat ability feature structure.

In addition, as described above, one in the outer surface 424 of central part 426 or the two or central part 446 Inner surface 444 may include one or more of a variety of different surface characteristics, also, in some embodiments, center The inner surface 444 of one in the outer surface 424 of part 426 or the two or central part 446 may include making these surfaces Rough surface characteristics pattern.

As described above, in some embodiments, electric conductivity can be provided between top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.Such as Figure 28 Shown, earth bus 266 can be connected to the hole in the side of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.Earth bus 266 may pass through top plate 220 With the hole in bottom plate 240.Top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 can be recessed or be deformed to by earth bus volume 266 at point 267 Song or be fixed in top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.In some embodiments, earth bus 266 can be stainless steel braiding Line, about 0.100 inch of diameter, but diameter can this youngest be small for 0.050 inch.

As described above, adapter pad 400 may include the top plate 420 positioned at adapter pad and pad or folder on bottom plate 440 Tight part, the pad or clamping element can be configured to make adapter pad 200 relative to sideframe pedestal top plate 152 and bearing adapter 199 Simultaneously movement of the limit adaptation device pad 400 relative to pedestal roof 152 and bearing adapter 199 is positioned and also engages, this can be incited somebody to action The movement (shearing) of adapter pad 200 is concentrated to elastomeric elements 360.As described above, adapter pad 400 is assembled in rolling Column bearing adapter 199 can force adapter pad 400 to be reasonably located at rolling by using vertical shoulder 106 and including clamping element The center of column bearing adapter 199 and bearing.Further, adapter pad system 198 promotes adapter 200 and wheel to returning to center Position or close to the center of zero active force.

As described above, adapter pad 400 may include the first side to adapter clamping element 270 and the second side to adapter clip Tight part 271.Lateral adapter pad clamping element 270,271 can be molded as one with bottom plate 440, including on adapter pad 400 Elastomeric elements 560 and/or any elastomer coating 565 are molded as one.As described above, adapter pad 400 may also include First side is to side frame clamping element 272 and the second side to side frame clamping element 273.Lateral side frame clamping element 272,273 can with bottom plate at Type is integrated, including on adapter pad 400 elastomeric elements 560 and/or elastomer coating 565 be molded as one.

As described above, the especially exterior elastomer component 564,566 of elastomeric elements 560 can configure as follows: Rotation shear stress by being up to the elastomer of the displacement of 41 milliradians is not higher than the lateral displacement by being up to 0.23 inch The laterally and longitudinally shear stress of the elastomer of up to 0.14 inch of length travel.

For other embodiments, elastomeric elements 560 can measure as already mentioned above.Extremely such as Figure 28 Shown in Figure 33, the length in the total shearing width or lateral of elastomeric elements 560 can be about 10 inches or in about 6 English In the range of very little to about 14 inches.Similarly, the total sheared length or the length on longitudinal direction of elastomeric elements 560 can be About 6.9 inches or in the range of about 6 inches to about 10 inches.The combination shearing perimeters of elastomeric elements or all parts Perimeter can be about 51.70 inches or in the range of about 35 inch to about 75 inches.The shear plane of elastomeric elements 560 On total surface area can be about 55.5 square inches or in the range of about 50 square inches to about 70 square inches.Center The total surface area of the elastomeric elements 560 in partial outside can be about 15.5 square inches or at about 5 square inches to about In the range of 30 square inches, or it is greater than 5 square inches.Therefore, the surface area of the elastomeric elements in lateral lip 416,418 Can be respectively about 7.75 square inches within the scope of about 2.5 square inches to about 15 square inches or be greater than 2.5 squares Inch.

As described above, in order to reduce the stress in maximum shear displacement condition lower elastic body component 560, in shear-type load It can be in the process to the offer normal stress of elastomeric elements 560 or compression beneficial.

For example, as discussed above, the elastomeric elements 560 of 152 areas outside of pedestal roof, which can be compressed, to be greater than 0.020 inch, or the static thickness greater than elastomeric elements 560 7%.In some embodiments, this order of magnitude is pre- It compresses so that the fatigue life of elastomeric elements 560 is improved.In addition, in embodiments discussed herein, when will hang down When straight active force is applied to the central part 410 of adapter pad 400, about 10% to 30% vertical can be distributed to Each adapter pad lateral lip 416,418.Also, in embodiments discussed herein, vertical load is in vertical shoulder Reaction at 106 can provide the vertical greater than 3000 pounds with precompressed elastic body component.

In addition, as described above, bullet in the lateral area of axial top plate 152 (in exterior elastomer component 464,466) Property body component 560 compression can have in its longitudinal direction non-uniform thickness by elastomeric elements 560 to realize.Example Such as, the first and/or second exterior section 564,566 may be formed to have thickness X, and central part 462 may be formed to have not Same or smaller thickness Y.The geometry (for example, the bending for passing through upturned portion 412,414) of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440 It may be molded to the thickness difference adapted between X and Y, so that the elastomer portion of central part and exterior section be allowed to connect as needed Touch the inner surface of top plate 420 and bottom plate 440.In some embodiments, it is formed outside the first exterior section 464 and/or second The thickness difference of the elastomeric elements of part 466 and central part 462, can based on longitudinally, laterally with apply in rotation direction In active force in the plane of adapter pad, facilitate the simple shear shear strain for reducing outer layer.

In addition, as discussed above, one in lateral lip 416,418 or the two, which may be molded to, makes bullet therein Property body layer 564,566 include be about 0.25 inch thickness X (for example, in 0.15 inch to 0.30 inch range, including this All thickness in range).In this embodiment, the thickness Y of the elastomer layer 560 of central part 562 can be about 0.20 inch, for example, in the range of 0.15 inch to 0.25 inch, including all thickness within the scope of this.It is discussed herein The thickness of elastomer layer refers to the elastomer not having under conditions of external load on the static thickness or elastomer layer of elastomer layer The thickness of layer.One in lateral lip part 564,566 or the two and central part 562 can have different thickness, Wherein, top is thicker than central part, it can be achieved that desired effect can increase in lateral lip part 564,566 in general The load or compression of one or the two, this is because the material properties of elastomer layer can be pre- based on institute during vehicle track running The load of phase and additionally increase its intensity and durability.

In addition, as discussed above, and as shown in figures 30 and 31, it can be by using in lateral lip 416,418 Or lower section compression gasket 290 and improve the compressions of the elastomeric elements 560 in lateral lip 416,418.Here pressure can be used Make the vertical load on vertical shoulder 106 when central part 410 of the contracting gasket to be applied to adapter pad 400 when vertical Reaction provide and be greater than 3000 pounds of vertical, thus by about 10% to 30% distribution of vertical to each Adapter pad lateral lip 416,418.In some embodiments, compression gasket can force more vertical loads of vehicle from Central elastic body layer 560 is distributed to exterior elastomer layer 564,566.As shown in figures 30 and 31, the first adapter compression gasket 290 may be provided at the outer of the first lateral lip 416 of the upper surface of the vertical shoulder of roller bearing adapter 199 and bottom plate 440 Between surface 244.Second adapter compression gasket 290 can be similarly arranged relative to the second lateral lip 418.Adapter compression The thickness of gasket 290 can be about 0.05 inch or in about 0.03 inch to about 0.18 inch of range.It is described herein Compression gasket can have any number of different shape and construction, to provide necessary load to compress external elasticity Body.For example, compression gasket can be rectangle, square, trapezoidal, taper, there can be hollow cross-section, and can be multiple pressures Contracting gasket.Further, the compression gasket being discussed herein can be molded as one in forming process with adapter pad, can be with roller Bearing adapter is molded as one, or can be added to after formation in roller bearing adapter system.

As discussed above, the performance for being determined by adapter pad system 198 is the rigidity of adapter pad 400 Function.More specifically, in some embodiments, it has been determined that the adapter pad performance including projected life can Rigidity (being measured with power (pound)/deformation (inch)) by improving adapter pad system 198 is improved.Pad the physics of rigidity Measured value can determine as discussed above.

Using test method described above, the illustrative measurement of embodiments disclosed herein and test result column In the following table 3.It should be understood that these embodiments are exemplary, other knots with other test results also may be present The embodiment of structure.

Table 3

As discussed above, the elastomer layer 564,566 in 210 outside of central area can help to adapter pad 200 Overall stiffness.For example, in some embodiments, the elastomeric elements 560 in 210 outside of central area can account for the total side of adapter pad To and longitudinal rigidity about 15% or in the range of about 5% to about 30%, or account for adapter pad 200 rotational stiffness 33% Or in the range of about 15% to about 60%.

As described above, the elastomeric elements 560 (may include elastomer coating 565) of adapter pad 400 are in vertical load Under laterally, longitudinally providing shearing resistance in loading process in rotation direction.The shearing resistance is by passing through elastomeric elements 560 Relative movement between the top plate 420 to interact and bottom plate 440 generates.Simple shear strain or strain are defined as d/ T, wherein the displacement of d=elastomeric elements and the thickness of t=elastomeric elements.Figure 34 a and Figure 34 b show 420 phase of top plate Bottom plate 440 occurs the emulation of 0.234 inch of lateral displacement.As shown in Figure 34 a and Figure 34 b, in lateral lip 416,418 Strain lower than the strain in central part 410.In some embodiments, this service life that adapter pad can be improved.In addition, such as Shown in Figure 34 a and Figure 34 b, highest strain value appears in the inside of the outer ledge of elastomer portion.Similarly, Figure 35 a and figure 35b shows that the emulation of 0.234 inch of length travel has occurred relative to bottom plate 440 for top plate 420.Such as Figure 35 a and Figure 35 b institute Show, the strain in lateral lip 416,418 is lower than the strain in central part 410.In some embodiments, this can be improved suitable The service life of orchestration pad.In addition, highest strain value appears in the interior of the outer ledge of elastomer portion as shown in Figure 35 a and Figure 35 b Portion.

In addition, in some embodiments, under the conditions of maximum displacement, the shear strain of adapter pad 400 is no more than 100%.For example, lateral strain can be about 74% or lower than 80%, or be lower than for 0.234 inch of lateral displacement 90%.For 0.234 inch of lateral displacement, this may should become smaller about 45% than existing adapter pad system.This Outside, for example, for 0.139 inch of length travel, longitudinal strain can be about 72%, or be lower than 80%, or be lower than 90%.For 0.139 inch of length travel, this may should become smaller about 30% than existing adapter pad system.

The application shows and describes the illustrative size of adapter pad 400, however, for each portion of adapter pad Point, other sizes can be used, this depends on the fixed dimension of side frame and bearing for certain tracks vehicle bogie system.

125 tons of adapter pad systems

As described above, the bogie size that the different railcar types for being originated from North America railway industry are different with operation needs. Although adapter pad system as described herein can be used for the railcar of any size, the change in some designs may be for It is advantageous for the railcar of certain sizes.The various aspects of adapter pad system are described below, the adapter pad system It is advantageously used for the railcar for being designed as 125 tonnes of operations and/or freight compartment airlift is greater than 286,000 pounds of rank operations Railcar.Specifically, these adapter pad systems can emphasis be used for turn to rack position use articulated coupling compartment, Bogie is shared in this way between two compartment main bodys.These hinged steering rack positions usually utilize 4 bogie lateral axis Hold with the bowl-shape substrate of plastic center, this is different from conventional bogie system.

As described above, the embodiment of adapter pad system as described herein provides thrust plate opening width and spacing, Even the width and spacing in the case where having used high rigidity shear pad as described herein, are also enough to limit displacement It is formed within AAR value.The adapter design disclosed herein for being optimized for 125 tonnes of operations can be using shown by the following table 4 Destination adapter displacement.

Table 4

In addition, upper table of the adapter pad system disclosed herein for being optimized for 125 tonnes of operations in roller bearing 5 The total height measured between face and pedestal roof 152 is about 1.5 inches or is about 1.15 inches to about 1.8 inches and is not necessarily to Use special side frame.Other possible rulers of the adapter pad system disclosed herein for being optimized for 125 tonnes of operations It is very little to be listed in the table below 5.Although present embodiment is used in particular for 125T bogie, adapter disclosed herein and matching Adapter pad system can proportionally use and improve the steering of all compartment capacity (70 tons, 100 tons, 110 tons and 125 tons) The performance of frame does not need the performance for meeting those of M-976 standard bogie including improvement.

5-125T grades of adapter/mat thicknesses of table

Adapter thickness	Adapter pad thickness	Overall thickness
			1.00”+/-0.1	0.60”+/-0.06	1.60”+/-0.16
0.80”+/-0.08	0.80”+/-0.08	1.60”+/-0.16
			1.20”+/-0.12	0.40”+/-0.04	1.60”+/-0.16
0.84”+/-0.084	0.61”+/-0.061	1.45”+/-0.16

In addition, using above-mentioned test method, the embodiment disclosed herein for being optimized for 125 tonnes of operations Illustrative measurement result and test result are listed in the table below 6.It should be understood that these embodiments are exemplary and can In the presence of the embodiment of the other structures with other test results.

Table 6

Some including that can be optimized in the embodiment of those of 125 tonnes of operations adapter pad system, increase The rigidity of adapter pad system can be advantageous.Other for the adapter pad system 500 runed for 125 tonnes can be optimized Embodiment is shown in Figure 51 A to Figure 52 C.The embodiment of adapter pad system 500 is very shown in Figure 51 A to Figure 52 C It is many-sided similar with previously discussed adapter pad embodiment, therefore, to 500 phase of embodiment shown in Figure 51 A to Figure 52 C The description of the like of pass is not repeated.As described above, adapter pad system 500 may include adapter pad 502 and roller axle Hold adapter 504.System 500 is configured to be arranged between the roller bearing of side frame and sideframe pedestal top plate.Such as Figure 51 A to figure Shown in 51B, adapter pad 502 generally comprises upper component or top plate 520, lower member or bottom plate 540 and along adaptation The elastomeric elements 560 between top plate 520 and bottom plate 540 are arranged in a part of device pad 502.

Top plate 520 includes that first and second projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part 526 of top plate 520 upwarp area 528 and 530, it upwarps outwardly projecting first lateral lip 532 in area from described first and upwarps area from described second and protrude outward The second lateral lip 534.Similarly, there are bottom plate 540 opposite edges from the central part 546 of the bottom plate to project upwards Corresponding first and second upwarp area 548 and 550.However, unlike some designs described above, bottom plate 540 be may not include Lateral lip.

In order to increase rigidity, adapter pad system 500 may include one or more cannula systems 570.Described sleeve pipe system It may include casing 572 and axis 574 and may include the elastic material 576 being arranged between casing 572 and axis 574.Such as Figure 51 A institute Show, casing 572 can engage with the lateral lip 532 and 534 of top plate 520 or can be with the lateral lip 532 and 534 1 of top plate 520 It is body formed, and axis 574 can be engaged with roller bearing adapter or can be integrally formed with roller bearing adapter.In other implementations In mode (not shown), this arrangement can in turn, in this way, casing 572 engaged with roller bearing adapter and axis and top The lateral lip 532 and 534 of plate 520 engages.In addition, although casing 572 and axis 574 are shown as generally having cylindrical Shape, but any other suitable shape can be used, including for example: elliptical cylinder body, triangular prism, cube, five jiaos of prisms, eight Angle prism and hexagonal prismoid.In addition, the relative size of casing 572 and axis 574 can be different from shown in Figure 51 A and Figure 51 C, this So that setting elastic material more or less between casing 572 and axis 574.

In addition, the elastic material 576 being arranged between casing 572 and axis 574 can have any shape.For example, such as Figure 51 B Shown, elastic material 576 can occupy nearly all region between described sleeve pipe and the axis.As shown in Figure 52 A to Figure 52 B, Elastic material 576 can be engaged only with a part of the length direction of casing 572 or axis 574.This is whole compared to cannula system 500 It can be advantageous in terms of reducing rigidity for filling resilient material.In other embodiments, the rigidity of cannula system 500 can Type by adjusting elastic material 576 is adjusted.

Embodiment

In one embodiment, disclosed herein is be configured to be set to the wheel of rail truck to roller bearing and side frame Adapter pad system between pedestal roof.The adapter pad system may include the roller axle with the first and second vertical shoulders Adapter is held, the first and second vertical shoulder is projected upwards from the top surface of the adapter.Adapter pad system can also wrap The adapter pad for being configured to interact with roller bearing adapter is included, top plate is included, top plate has inner surface and appearance Face, central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part first and second upwarp area, upwarped from described first Outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area and outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area is upwarped from described second；Bottom plate, bottom plate tool Have the inner surface and the outer surface, central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part first and second upwarp area, Outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area is upwarped from described first and upwarps outwardly projecting second side in area to convex from described second Edge.The top plate of adapter pad system and the first and second sides of bottom plate may be provided at the perpendicular of roller bearing adapter to prominent flange On straight shoulder.

The roller bearing adapter of adapter pad system can be cast or forge.Adapter pad can be engaged with side frame and It is engaged with roller bearing adapter.The top plate of adapter pad can be engaged with side frame, in this way, the movement between top plate and side frame is limited System.The bottom plate of adapter pad can be engaged with roller bearing adapter, in this way, the mobile quilt between bottom plate and roller bearing adapter Limitation.Roller bearing adapter may include being configured to limitation bottom plate to stop relative to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal movement of roller bearing adapter Moving part.Vertical shoulder can be configured to limitation bottom plate and be displaced sideways relative to roller bearing adapter.Roller bearing adapter top Face may include crown surface.Longitudinal retainer and vertical shoulder can be configured to limit rotation of the bottom plate relative to roller bearing adapter Transhipment is dynamic.Roller bearing adapter can be symmetrical about lateral centerline.Roller bearing adapter can be relative to longitudinal center Line is symmetrical.The top plate of roller bearing adapter can be continuously.The bottom plate of roller bearing adapter can be continuously.

Adapter pad system may include the elastomeric elements being arranged between top plate and the inner surface of bottom plate.It is arranged in top plate Elastomeric elements between bottom plate can be multiple elastomeric elements.The multiple elastomeric elements can include: setting is being pushed up The first exterior elastomer component between plate and the first lateral lip of bottom plate, the second lateral lip that top plate and bottom plate are set Between the second exterior elastomer component and the central elastic body component that is arranged between top plate and the central part of bottom plate. First hollow space may be provided between central elastic body component and the first exterior elastomer component and the second hollow space can Between centrally disposed elastomeric elements and the second exterior elastomer component.The width of first and second hollow space can be with It is about 0.25 inch.First and second hollow spaces can be configured to limit the bending stress in top plate and bottom plate.Exterior elastomer Component may be at compressive state.The thickness of exterior elastomer component can be compressed into 0.020 inch few from static state.External elasticity The thickness of body component can be compressed into few 7% from static state.First exterior elastomer component, the second exterior elastomer component and neutrality Elastomeric elements may respectively be it is substantially planar and adapter pad be set to rail truck sideframe pedestal top plate it It may respectively be basic horizontal when lower.Elastomeric material can be positioned perpendicular to the direction of lateral displacement to increase compression stiffness.Bullet The direction that elastomer material can be transversely to the machine direction displacement is positioned to increase compression stiffness.Elastomeric material can be perpendicular to swing offset Direction is positioned to increase compression stiffness.Elastomeric material can be positioned perpendicular to the direction of vertical displacement to increase compression stiffness.

First exterior elastomer component bullet outside first by the center between top plate and the inner surface of bottom plate Property body element cross-section at surface area can be greater than 2.5 square inches.Second exterior elastomer component is with top plate and bottom plate Inner surface between plane placed in the middle pass through the surface area of the cross-section that the second exterior elastomer component is formed can be greater than 2.5 flat Square inch.First and second exterior elastomer components are passed through with the plane in the center between top plate and the inner surface of bottom plate First and second exterior elastomer components and the combination table area of cross-section formed can be greater than 5 square inches.First and Two exterior elastomer components pass through outside first and second in the plane by the center between top plate and the inner surface of bottom plate Portion's elastomeric elements and the combination table area of cross-section formed can pass through for center elastomeric elements is located at top plate and bottom plate Inner surface between center central elastic body component center cross-section surface area at least 10%.

Central elastic body component can define multiple gaps, and the multiple gap is in the central part and bottom plate for being set to top plate Central part between elastomeric elements in form multiple interruptions.The thickness in the multiple gap is less than between top plate and bottom plate Total distance, wherein a part of elastomeric elements can be vertically arranged relative to one or more of multiple gaps and Contact one or the two in top plate and bottom plate.

Central elastic body component can define outer edge, wherein a part or multiple portions in outer edge are from overlook direction See it is curved.Outer peripheral at least part of central elastic body component can define the profile being recessed inwardly.First He Second exterior elastomer component can define outer edge, wherein described outer peripheral a part or multiple portions are in terms of overlook direction It can be curved.Outer peripheral a part or multiple portions of elastomeric elements may include from the center of the central part of top plate The continuous radius of point measurement.Any edge of elastomeric elements can define the profile being recessed inwardly.

One in first and second exterior elastomer components or the two can define outer edge, wherein top plate and bottom plate One or the two of first and second sides into flange extend outwardly through positioned at corresponding first and second side into flange Outer peripheral at least part.

Adapter pad may include the outer surface and roller bearing adapter that the first and second sides of bottom plate are arranged in flange Vertical shoulder between elastomeric support part.

Outer peripheral at least part of elastomeric elements can define the profile being recessed inwardly.The profile being recessed inwardly can be by It proximally extends to the first linear segment of the inner surface of top plate and proximally extends to the second linear portion of the inner surface of bottom plate Boundary is fixed.First and second linear segment can be connected by transition portion, and the transition portion is linear described first and second Extend between part.First and second linear segments can respectively from the neighbouring part of respective top plate or bottom plate with about 25 degree to about 35 degree of angle extends to the plane on the surface by corresponding top plate or bottom plate, extends respective linear portion from the plane Point.

The thickness of first and second exterior elastomer components can be identical as the thickness of central elastic body component or be greater than center The thickness of elastomeric elements.The thickness of first and second exterior elastomer components can be about 0.15 inch to about 0.30 inch. The thickness of central elastic body component can be about 0.15 inch to 0.25 inch.The thickness of adapter pad can be about 0.4 inch To about 0.8 inch.

Adapter pad system may also include the elastomer layer being arranged on the outer surface of top plate and/or may include being set to Elastomer layer under the outer surface of bottom plate.The elastomer layer can cover adapter pad whole outer surfaces or a part of appearance Face.The top plate of adapter pad and the thickness of bottom plate can be heterogeneous.The thickness of top plate and bottom plate can be uniformly.Top plate There can be thickness heterogeneous.Top plate can have uniform thickness.Bottom plate can have thickness heterogeneous.Bottom plate can have uniformly Thickness.

Adapter pad system, which may make up, returns to the centre in sideframe pedestal or center after removing load disposed thereon Position.

First and second sides of top plate may include planar outer surfaces to flange, which can be with the central part of top plate The outer surface divided is parallel.

The respective inner surface that the first and second of first and second plates of adapter pad upwarp area may include planar section. The respective inner surface that the first and second of first and second plates of adapter pad upwarp area may include bending part.Adapter pad First and second at least part for upwarping area of the first and second plates the central part by top plate can be extended to obtuse angle Outer surface plane.

First and second sides of the top plate of adapter pad may include exposing when adapter pad contacts sideframe pedestal to flange Outer surface.It first and second side can be in the air outside the big envelope that axle box opening contacts side frame to flange.First He Second lateral lip can be configured to reduce the heat of adapter pad.First and second sides can be configured to reduce adapter pad to flange The heat of system.

Adapter pad may include the lateral length of central part, which can be equal between the side wall on pedestal roof surface Distance.The lateral length of central part can be about 0.125 inch, be greater than the side wall of the side frame on pedestal roof surface Between length.The entire lateral length of top plate can be at least 7.5 inches.

Adapter pad system may also include that inner surface and the bottom of the be set to roller bearing adapter first vertical shoulder The first of plate upwarps the first side between area to adapter clamping element, the second vertical shoulder for being set to roller bearing adapter The second of inner surface and bottom plate upwarps the second side between area to the tight part of adapter clip.First and second sides are tight to adapter clip Part can be formed by elastomeric material.First and second sides can be configured to limit roller bearing adapter and fit to the tight part of adapter clip Sliding or relative movement between the outer surface of the bottom plate of orchestration pad.First and second sides to the tight part of adapter clip can be configured to by The bottom plate of adapter pad is placed in the center of roller bearing adapter.

The first side that adapter pad system may also include that top plate is arranged in first upwarps on the outer surface in area is pressed from both sides to side frame Tight part and it is arranged in the second of top plate and upwarps the second side on the outer surface in area to side frame clamping element.First lateral side Frame clamping element may be provided between the outer surface and sideframe pedestal of the first lateral lip of top plate, and second side is to side frame Clamping element may be provided between the outer surface and sideframe pedestal of the second lateral lip of top plate.First and second side is to side frame Clamping element can be formed by elastomeric material.First and second side can be configured to limit the outer surface of top plate to side frame clamping element And sliding or relative movement between the side frame right above axle box region.

In some embodiments, adapter pad system can be configured to for elastomer temperature to be limited in spy used in pad construction Under the degradation temperature for determining elastomer and/or jointing material.Adapter pad system may be additionally configured to reduce the molten of elastomeric elements Point.

Adapter pad system may include upper surface and the bottom plate that the first vertical shoulder of roller bearing adapter is arranged in The first adapter compression gasket between the outer surface of first lateral lip.Adapter pad system, which may also include, to be arranged in roller axle Hold the second adapter pressure between the upper surface of the second vertical shoulder of adapter and the outer surface of the second lateral lip of bottom plate Contracting gasket.The thickness of first and second adapter compression gaskets can be about 0.06 inch to about 0.18 inch.

Adapter pad may include the first lower part adaptation being arranged between elastomeric elements and the first lateral lip of bottom plate Device pads compression gasket.Adapter pad may also include under second be arranged between the second lateral lip of elastomeric elements and bottom plate Portion's adapter pad compression gasket.The thickness of first and second lower adapters pad compression gasket can be about 0.06 inch to 0.18 Inch.

Adapter pad may include first be arranged between the first lateral lip of top plate and the first exterior elastomer component Upper adapter pads compression gasket.Adapter pad may also include the second lateral lip and the second exterior elastomer that top plate is arranged in The second upper adapter between component pads compression gasket.The thickness of the first and second upper adapters pad compression gasket can To be about 0.06 inch to about 0.18 inch.

The compression gasket can be configured to when 35,000 pounds of vertical load is applied to the central part of adapter pad to Exterior elastomer component provides at least 3000 pounds of vertical compression loads.The compression gasket can be rectangle.The compression pad Piece can have rectangular cross-sectional shape, curved cross-sectional shape, triangular cross-sectional shape or trapezoidal cross sectional shape.It is described Compression gasket may include convex portion.The compression gasket may include hollow space.Compression gasket may include multiple compression gaskets.

The lateral lip of adapter pad can be by the vertical shoulder vertical support of roller bearing adapter.When by perpendicular acting When power is applied to the central part of adapter pad, about the 10% to 30% of vertical can be distributed to each adapter pad side To flange.At least 3000 pounds of vertical can provide with precompressed elastic body structure to the effect of vertical load on vertical shoulder Part.

When 35,000 pounds of vertical load is applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top of adapter pad Plate, bottom plate and elastomeric elements can be mentioned by the length travel that top plate is up to 0.139 inch relative to bottom plate deviation center For the longitudinal rigidity of at least 45,000 pounds per inch.Longitudinal lag of adapter pad system is smaller than about 1500 pounds.

When 35,000 pounds of vertical load is applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top of adapter pad Plate, bottom plate and elastomeric elements can be mentioned by the lateral displacement that top plate is up to 0.234 inch relative to bottom plate deviation center For the lateral rigidity of at least 45,000 pounds per inch.The lateral displacement lag of adapter pad system is smaller than about 6,000 pounds.

When 35,000 pounds of vertical load is applied to the central part of adapter pad, the top plate and bottom plate of adapter pad Center can be deviateed relative to bottom plate by top plate with elastomeric elements and be up to the swing offset offer of 41 milliradians at least The rotational stiffness of 250,000 pounds of * inches/rotation radians.Torsion lag is smaller than about 16,000 pounds * inches.

The top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements of adapter pad can provide at least 5,000 by 0.05 inch of vertical displacement, The vertical stiffness of 000 pounds per inch.Vertical displacement can be nonlinear and can be 5,000,000 pounds per inch to 30, 000,000 pounds per inch, this depends on the nonlinear variation of hardometer, thickness deviation and compression stiffness.

When vertical load to be applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component can provide the lateral rigidity in about 10% range of longitudinal rigidity.

When vertical load to be applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component can provide lateral strain in elastomeric elements, and the lateral strain is substantially similar in entire elastomeric elements.

When vertical load to be applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component can provide longitudinal strain in elastomeric elements, and the longitudinal strain is substantially similar in entire elastomeric elements.

When vertical load to be applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component can provide rotational strain in elastomeric elements, and the rotational strain is substantially similar in entire elastomeric elements.

When vertical load to be applied to the central part of adapter pad, the combined top plate and bottom plate and bullet of adapter pad Property body component can provide following rotational strain, which is less than or equal in elastomeric elements laterally answering on any point Become.

The combined top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements of adapter pad is no more than under the conditions of may be provided in maximum displacement 120% shear strain.

The thickness of the central part of the bottom plate of adapter pad can be heterogeneous.The central part of bottom plate is in lateral edge The thickness at place is greater than the thickness at the center of central part.

The thickness for being set to the elastomeric elements between top plate and the central part of bottom plate can be substantially uniform.

In another embodiment, form the method for adapter pad can include: provide top plate, top plate have central part, from What the opposite edges of the central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps lateral part to evagination from described first The first lateral lip out and outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part is upwarped from described second；Bottom plate, bottom are provided Plate has central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part first and second upwarp area, from described first Upwarp outwardly projecting first lateral lip of lateral part and from described second upwarp outwardly projecting second side of lateral part to Flange；Elastomeric elements are inserted between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the first exterior elastomer component is arranged first Between lateral lip, the second exterior elastomer component is arranged between the second lateral lip, and central elastic body component is arranged Between central part；And the first lateral lip of compression top plate and the first lateral lip of bottom plate make it toward each other；With Second lateral lip of the second lateral lip and bottom plate of compressing top plate makes it toward each other.

Forming operation completion after, compression step the first and second sides can be made to flange deformation occurs.The deformation can be led Exterior elastomer component is caused to preload.Compression step can be applied more than 3000 pounds of compression in external elastomeric elements Power.Compression step can make exterior elastomer component compress at least 0.02 inch of its static thickness.Compression step can make external bullet Property body component by compression be greater than the exterior elastomer component static thickness 7%.

In another embodiment, the method for adapter pad is formed can include: providing has central part, from the central part Point opposite edges project upwards first and second upwarp area, to upwarp lateral part from described first outwardly and downwardly outstanding First lateral lip and the top plate for upwarping lateral part outwardly and downwardly the second lateral lip outstanding from described second；It provides With central part, projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part first and second upwarp area, from described first It sticks up lateral part and outwardly and upwardly the first lateral lip outstanding and upwarps lateral part from described second and outwardly and upwardly protrude The second lateral lip bottom plate；Elastomeric elements are inserted between the top plate and the bottom plate；And the compression top plate Make the lateral part of the top plate and the bottom plate substantially parallel with the bottom plate.

The compression step may make exterior elastomer component to compress the static thickness of the exterior elastomer component at least 0.02 inch.The compression step may make the compression of exterior elastomer component to be greater than the static thickness of the exterior elastomer component 7%.

In another embodiment, the method for adapter pad is formed can include: providing has central part, from the central part Point opposite edges project upwards first and second upwarp area, upwarp outwardly projecting first side of lateral part from described first To flange, the top plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；There is provided have central part, from What the opposite edges of the central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps lateral part to evagination from described first The first lateral lip out, the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；On the top The first exterior elastomer component is inserted between first lateral lip of plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate；Outside second Elastomeric elements are inserted between the second lateral lip of the top plate and the second lateral lip of the bottom plate；And by central elastic Property body component insertion top plate central area and bottom plate central area between.

The thickness of central elastic body component can be less than or equal to the thickness of the first and second exterior elastomer components.

In another embodiment, the method for forming adapter pad may include providing: have central part, from the central part Point opposite edges project upwards first and second upwarp area, upwarp outwardly projecting first side of lateral part from described first To flange and the top plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；There is provided have central part, First and second projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part upwarp area, it is outside to upwarp lateral part from described first First lateral lip outstanding and the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；By first Exterior elastomer component is inserted between the first lateral lip of the top plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate；It will be outside second Portion's elastomeric elements are inserted between the second lateral lip of the top plate and the second lateral lip of the bottom plate；And by center Elastomeric elements are inserted between the central area of the top plate and the central area of the bottom plate；By the top plate and the bottom plate The first and second sides be compressed together to flange；And make the top plate and the first exterior elastomer component, described the Two exterior elastomer components and the central elastic body component combine.

The thickness of the central elastic body component is smaller than the thickness of the first and second exterior elastomers component.

The compression step may make the exterior elastomer component to compress at least 0.02 inch of its static thickness.It is described Compression step makes 7% of the exterior elastomer component compression greater than the static thickness of the exterior elastomer component.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is railcar sideframe pedestal and railcar wheel shaft roller bearing adapter it Between the adapter pad system that uses.Sideframe pedestal can define: the first outside, opposite second outside and be located at first outside Pedestal roof that is between second outside and extending between first outside and second outside.Adapter pad System may include bearing adapter, which defines bottom surface and top surface, and the bottom surface is installed on railcar Wheel shaft roller bearing, the top surface define the either side of the side frame right above pedestal roof from the top surface to Upper the first and second opposite vertical shoulders outstanding.The adapter pad system may include being configured to dock with bearing adapter Adapter pad, the adapter pad includes: with the inner surface and the outer surface, central part, from the opposite of the central part What edge projected upwards first and second upwarp area, outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area is upwarped from described first and from described Second upwarps the top plate of outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area；With the inner surface and the outer surface, central part, from the center What partial opposite edges projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps outwardly projecting first side in area from described first to convex Edge, the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area from described second.

The central part of the top plate and the bottom plate may be provided at below the pedestal roof of sideframe pedestal, and the top First and second sides of plate and the bottom plate may be provided on the vertical shoulder of roller bearing adapter to flange and side frame axis The outside of the pedestal roof of case and along sideframe pedestal first and second outside.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is the adapters and sideframe pedestal top plate that are configured to positioned at rail truck Between adapter pad.The adapter pad can include: there is the inner surface and the outer surface, central part, from the central part What opposite edges projected upwards first and second upwarp area, outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area upwarped from described first, from Described second upwarps the top plate of outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area；With the inner surface and the outer surface, central part, from described What the opposite edges of central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps outwardly projecting first side in area from described first To flange, the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip in area from described second.

First and second sides of the bottom plate can be higher than the top plate to the outer surface of prominent flange in vertical direction The outer surface of central part.

In another embodiment, the method for adapter pad is formed can include: providing has central part, from the central part Point opposite edges project upwards first and second upwarp area, upwarp outwardly projecting first side of lateral part from described first To flange, the top plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；There is provided have central part, from What the opposite edges of the central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps lateral part to evagination from described first The first lateral lip out, the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；It will be outside first Portion's elastomeric elements are inserted between the first lateral lip of the top plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate；Outside second Elastomeric elements are inserted between the second lateral lip of the top plate and the second lateral lip of the bottom plate；By central elastic body Component is inserted between the central area of the top plate and the central area of the bottom plate；Vulcanize or solidify the elastomeric elements； First compression gasket is inserted into first lateral lip；And the second compression gasket is inserted into the second lateral lip.Some In embodiment, the compression gasket can be added after the vulcanization or solidification of elastomer are completed.

In another embodiment, the method for adapter pad is formed can include: providing has central part, from the central part Point opposite edges project upwards first and second upwarp area, upwarp outwardly projecting first side of lateral part from described first To flange, the top plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；There is provided have central part, from What the opposite edges of the central part projected upwards first and second upwarps area, upwarps lateral part to evagination from described first The first lateral lip out, the bottom plate for upwarping outwardly projecting second lateral lip of lateral part from described second；It will be outside first Portion's elastomeric elements are inserted between the first lateral lip of the top plate and the first lateral lip of the bottom plate；Outside second Elastomeric elements are inserted between the second lateral lip of the top plate and the second lateral lip of the bottom plate；By central elastic body Component is inserted between the center of the top plate and the center of the bottom plate；Solidify the elastomeric elements；By the first compression Gasket is inserted into the first lateral lip；Second compression gasket is inserted into the second lateral lip.It is inserted into the first and second compression gaskets Step can carry out after solidifying the elastomeric elements.

The exterior elastomer component can be compressed the static thickness of the exterior elastomer component at least by compression step 0.02 inch.The exterior elastomer component is compressed the static thickness more than the exterior elastomer component by the compression step 7%.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is use between railcar sideframe pedestal and railcar wheel shaft roller bearing Adapter pad system.Sideframe pedestal can define the first outside, the second opposite outside and be located on the outside of described first and described Pedestal roof that is between second outside and extending between first outside and second outside.Adapter pad system can Bearing adapter including defining place bottom surface and top surface, the bottom surface is installed on railcar wheel shaft roller bearing.Adapter pad can It is configured to dock with bearing adapter and can further comprise: there is the inner surface and the outer surface, central part and exterior section Top plate, with the inner surface and the outer surface, the bottom plate of central part and exterior section and setting in the top plate and the bottom plate Inner surface between and with central part and outer portion elastomeric elements.

The central part of the top plate and the bottom plate may be provided under the pedestal roof of sideframe pedestal and the top The exterior section of plate and the bottom plate may be provided at the outside of the pedestal roof of sideframe pedestal.

Adapter pad system may include continuous top plate.Adapter pad system may include continuous bottom plate.

The exterior section of the elastomeric elements is with central between the top plate and the inner surface of the bottom plate Plane passes through the exterior section of elastomeric elements and the combination table area on the cross section that is formed can be greater than 5 square inches.

The exterior section of the elastomeric elements is with the center between the top plate and the inner surface of the bottom plate Plane pass through the outside of elastomeric elements and the combination table area on the cross section that is formed can be the elastomeric elements Central part passes through in elastomeric elements with the plane in the center between the top plate and the inner surface of the bottom plate At least the 10% of the center of center portion point and the surface area on the cross section that is formed.

The central part of elastomeric elements can be in different planes from the exterior section of elastomeric elements.Elastomer structure The central part of part can be located at the plane parallel with the exterior section of elastomeric elements.The exterior section can be with the center Part is spaced apart in vertical direction.

The top plate can be engaged with side frame and the bottom plate can be engaged with roller bearing adapter.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is use between railcar sideframe pedestal and railcar wheel shaft roller bearing Adapter pad system.Sideframe pedestal can define the first outside, the second opposite outside and be located on the outside of described first and described The pedestal roof extended between second outside and between first outside and second outside.Adapter pad system can wrap The bearing adapter for defining bottom surface and top surface is included, the bottom surface is installed on railcar wheel shaft roller bearing.Adapter pad system It may include the adapter pad for being configured to interact with bearing adapter, the adapter pad includes: with inner surface and appearance Face, central part and exterior section top plate, with the inner surface and the outer surface, central part and exterior section bottom plate, and It is arranged between the top plate and the inner surface of the bottom plate and has the elastomeric elements of central part and exterior section.

The central part of the top plate and the bottom plate may be provided under the pedestal roof of sideframe pedestal, and the top The outside of plate and the bottom plate may be provided at the outside of the pedestal roof of sideframe pedestal.

The exterior section of the top plate and the bottom plate can be configured to the vertical for receiving to be applied to central part About 10% to 30%.

The exterior section of the adapter pad can be by the vertical shoulder support of bearing adapter.

In another embodiment, disclosed herein is be configured to that the roller bearing of rail truck and adapter pad is arranged in Between roller bearing adapter.Roller bearing adapter can have bearing surface, adapter crown surface, longitudinal centre line and The the first and second vertical shoulders projected upwards from the axle box crown surface of the adapter.It is measured on the longitudinal centre line The thickness of central part of roller bearing adapter of axle box crown surface of slave bearing surface to adapter be smaller than 0.75 Inch.

The slave bearing surface measured on the longitudinal to adapter axle box crown surface roller bearing adapter Thickness can be about 0.60 inch to 0.75 inch.The width of vertical shoulder can be at least 0.5 inch.

Cross-section of the roller bearing adapter on its longitudinal centre line can have around the central axis positioned at wheel shaft On lateral axes at about 5.2 inches moment of inertia of cross-section, the moment of inertia of cross-section about 1.4in⁴Or in about 1.0in⁴ To 2.0in⁴In the range of.Lateral axes can be about 5.0 inches to 5.5 inches away from wheel shaft central axis.Roller bearing adapter The moment of inertia of cross-section of the vertical axis around the center positioned at adapter of cross section on longitudinal centre line can be about 86.8in⁴Or in about 50in⁴To about 100in⁴In the range of.

Referring to multiple embodiments, the present invention is disclosed above and in attached drawing.However, the purpose of disclosure herein exists In the embodiment of offer a variety of different features and concept related to the present invention, but it not delimit the scope of the invention.This The term and description that text uses are merely to illustrate, it is not intended to be limited the invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that It is embodiment described above to be variously changed and be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention.Though for example, So each step of method is described in a certain order in disclosure herein, but the method is each Step does not need to execute according to this sequence, unless expressly stated otherwise,.

Claims (21)

1. a kind of roller bearing adapter mattress system is disposed for the three-piece bogie with AAR standard geometrical shapes, The roller bearing adapter mattress system includes:

It is configured to the roller bearing adapter of engagement roller bearing, the roller bearing adapter includes:

Top surface；

It is configured to the bottom surface of engagement roller bearing；

The the first and second vertical shoulders projected upwards from the opposite lateral edge of the top surface；

The adapter pad of engagement sideframe pedestal top plate, the adapter pad packet are engaged and are configured to the roller bearing adapter It includes:

Continuous top plate with central part, first and second projected upwards from the opposite edges of the central part upwarp Area upwarps outwardly projecting first lateral lip in area from described first and upwarps the outwardly projecting second side in area from described second To flange；

Continuous bottom plate with central part, and what is projected upwards from the opposite edges of institute's central part first and second upwarp Area,

Central elastic body component between the top plate and the center of the bottom plate is set；

Cannula system, the cannula system include:

Axis；With

Casing；

Wherein, the first and second sides of the top plate are arranged on the vertical shoulder of the roller bearing adapter to flange.

2. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein described sleeve pipe system further includes being arranged described Elastic material between casing and the axis.

3. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic material occupies described sleeve pipe and institute State nearly all region between axis.

4. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein the first side of described sleeve pipe and the top plate to Flange engagement, also, the axis is engaged with the roller bearing adapter.

5. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first side of described sleeve pipe and the top plate to Flange is integrally formed, also, the axis and the roller bearing adapter are integrally formed.

6. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein the first side of the axis and the top plate is to convex Edge engagement, also, described sleeve pipe is engaged with the roller bearing adapter.

7. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first side of the axis and the top plate is to convex Edge is integrally formed, also, described sleeve pipe and the roller bearing adapter are integrally formed.

8. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein described sleeve pipe generally has cylindrical cross-section Shape.

9. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein the axis generally has cylindrical cross-section shape Shape.

10. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein described sleeve pipe system includes four set pipings It unites and each cannula system includes casing and axis.

11. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein apply when by 35,000 pounds of vertical load When the central part of the adapter pad, combined top plate and bottom plate and elastomeric elements pass through the top plate relative to described Bottom plate deviates center and is up to 0.139 inch of length travel and provides at least 45, and the longitudinal rigidity of 000 pounds per inch passes through The top plate relative to the bottom plate deviate center be up to 0.279 inch of lateral displacement and provide at least 45,000 pounds/ The lateral rigidity of inch deviates the swing offset that center is up to 52.4 milliradians relative to the bottom plate by the top plate And provide the rotational stiffness of at least 250,000 pounds * inches/rotation radians.

12. roller bearing adapter mattress system as described in claim 1, wherein height of the adapter pad in center Degree is about 1.15 inches to about 1.8 inches.

13. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 12, wherein height of the adapter pad in center Degree is about 1.5 inches.

14. a kind of roller bearing adapter mattress system for being disposed for three-piece bogie comprising:

Roller bearing adapter, is configured to engagement roller bearing, and the roller bearing adapter includes:

Top surface,

It is configured to the bottom surface of engagement roller bearing,

The adapter pad of engagement sideframe pedestal top plate, the adapter pad packet are engaged and are configured to the roller bearing adapter It includes:

Top plate,

Bottom plate,

Elastomeric elements between the top plate and the bottom plate are set,

Cannula system, the cannula system include:

Axis,

Casing, and

Elastic material between described sleeve pipe and the axis is set.

15. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 14, wherein described sleeve pipe is engaged with the top plate.

16. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 14, wherein the axis is engaged with the top plate.

17. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 14, wherein described sleeve pipe system includes four set pipings It unites and each cannula system includes casing and axis.

18. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 14, wherein height of the adapter pad in center Degree is about 1.5 inches.

19. a kind of roller bearing adapter mattress system for being disposed for three-piece bogie comprising:

Adapter pad is configured to engagement roller bearing adapter and is configured to engagement sideframe pedestal top plate, the adapter Pad includes:

Top plate,

Bottom plate,

Elastomeric elements between the top plate and the bottom plate are set；

Cannula system, described sleeve pipe system include:

Casing；

Axis,

Wherein, when 35,000 pounds of vertical load is applied to the central part of the adapter pad, combined top plate and bottom plate It is mentioned with elastomeric elements by the length travel that the top plate is up to 0.139 inch relative to bottom plate deviation center For the longitudinal rigidity of at least 45,000 pounds per inch, center is deviateed relative to the bottom plate by the top plate and is up to 0.279 Inch lateral displacement and provide at least 45, the lateral rigidity of 000 pounds per inch is inclined relative to the bottom plate by the top plate The rotation for being up to the swing offset of 52.4 milliradians from center and providing at least 250,000 pounds * inches/rotation radians is rigid Degree.

20. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 19, wherein described sleeve pipe engages the top plate.

21. roller bearing adapter mattress system as claimed in claim 19, wherein the axis engages the top plate.