CN110389372B - Portal calculation method and system - Google Patents
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- CN110389372B CN110389372B CN201910654786.1A CN201910654786A CN110389372B CN 110389372 B CN110389372 B CN 110389372B CN 201910654786 A CN201910654786 A CN 201910654786A CN 110389372 B CN110389372 B CN 110389372B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portal calculation method, which comprises the following steps: when the detection plate is irradiated by an accelerator, acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route on the detection plate; normalizing the acquired plurality of the electric charge quantities to obtain the average measurement quantity on the same calculation route; and converting the average measurement number into a radiation field range on the calculation route according to a preset measurement number-radiation field relation. The invention also correspondingly discloses a portal calculation system. Compared with the scheme of utilizing the semiconductor detector to detect the range of the radiation field in the prior art, the method and the system disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the problem of position limitation of the semiconductor detector does not exist, the range of the radiation field can be calculated through the charge quantity, the detection range is larger, the precision is higher, and the ionization chamber has higher stability and longer service life compared with the semiconductor detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical assistance, and particularly relates to a radiation field calculation method and system.
Background
A medical accelerator is a particle accelerator device for performing radiation therapy on tumors in biomedicine, which accelerates various kinds of charged particles to higher energy by electric fields of different forms to emit rays that can be used for treating diseases, and is often referred to as an accelerator for short. The accelerator needs to detect and calibrate the range of the field in the using process.
In the prior art, most semiconductor detectors are used for detecting the edge of the radiation field range, for example, a morning check instrument with model number of Daily QA3 of Sun Nuclear corporation in America, which provides a technical scheme for detecting the edge of the radiation field by the semiconductor detectors, a plurality of detection edges are distributed at the center of a detection surface, a single detection edge is composed of 3 semiconductor detectors, and the position of the semiconductor detector where the edge of the radiation field of the radiation ray reaches is distinguished by whether the 3 semiconductor detectors detect the radiation of the radiation ray or not.
However, in the scheme of using a semiconductor to detect the edge of the radiation field in the prior art, because only the semiconductor detector is used to detect whether the ray reaches the position of the semiconductor detector, the detection precision is limited by the position of the semiconductor detector, the number of the semiconductor detectors is small, and a space exists between adjacent semiconductor detectors, so that the detection range is narrow, the precision is insufficient, and the detection range has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides the radiation field calculation method and the radiation field calculation system, which have the advantages of larger detection range, higher precision, higher stability and longer service life of the ionization chamber compared with a semiconductor detector.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a portal calculation method comprises the following steps:
when the detection plate is irradiated by an accelerator, acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route on the detection plate;
normalizing the acquired plurality of the electric charge quantities to obtain the average measurement quantity on the same calculation route;
and converting the average measurement number into a radiation field range on the calculation route according to a preset measurement number-radiation field relation.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the scheme of utilizing a semiconductor detector to detect the range of the radiation field in the prior art, the method has the advantages that the problem of position limitation of the semiconductor detector does not exist, the range of the radiation field can be calculated through the electric charge quantity, the detection range is larger, the precision is higher, and the ionization chamber has higher stability and longer service life compared with the semiconductor detector.
A further refinement of the method provides that the measurement quantity-field relationship is set by:
irradiating a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route with a known range of the radiation field by using an accelerator;
acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route;
normalizing the acquired plurality of the electric charge quantities to obtain the average measurement quantity on the same calculation route;
repeating the above steps for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of average measurement numbers and a plurality of corresponding radiation field ranges;
specifically, a plurality of known field ranges can be determined with a fixed accuracy, and the accelerator is used for irradiating a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route with the plurality of known field ranges for a plurality of times, so that the average measurement number corresponding to one known field range can be calculated for each irradiation;
and fitting the average measurement numbers and the corresponding radiation field ranges by using a fitting algorithm to obtain the measurement number-radiation field relation.
The method is further improved in that the normalization process comprises the following steps:
taking the charge quantity detected by a central ionization chamber in the ionization chambers as a reference value; the central ionization chamber is arranged in the center of the detection plate and is positioned in the center of the field when the accelerator irradiates;
calculating the ratio of the charge quantity detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber to the reference value to obtain corresponding measurement quantity;
and calculating the average value of the measured numbers corresponding to the plurality of ionization chambers obtained by calculation to obtain the average measured number.
In a further improvement of the method, the step of calculating the ratio of the charge quantities detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber to the reference value to obtain the corresponding measurement quantities further comprises the following steps:
the charge quantities detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber are corrected by using corresponding correction coefficients.
A further improvement of the method is that the fitting algorithm is a linear fitting algorithm.
A further refinement of the method is that the calculated route is:
a route extending from the central ionization chamber to the edge of the detection plate;
or, the route passes through any two points of the edges of the central ionization chamber and the detection plate.
The invention also correspondingly discloses a radiation field calculation system, which comprises:
the ionization detection device comprises a central ionization chamber and a plurality of groups of detection ionization chambers arranged around the central ionization chamber, wherein each group of detection ionization chambers are arranged on the same calculation route, and each group of detection ionization chambers comprises a plurality of detection ionization chambers;
the ionization chamber is used for detecting the charge quantity when an accelerator irradiates;
and the processor is connected with each ionization chamber to receive the charge quantity and is used for executing the method to calculate the range of the radiation field irradiated by the accelerator.
Compared with the prior art, the system has the advantages that:
compared with the scheme of utilizing a semiconductor detector to detect the range of the radiation field in the prior art, the system has no problem of position limitation of the semiconductor detector, has larger detection range and higher precision, and has higher stability and longer service life of the ionization chamber compared with the semiconductor detector.
The system is further improved by comprising a central ionization chamber and four groups of detection ionization chambers arranged around the central ionization chamber;
the four groups of detection ionization chambers are respectively arranged in four directions in a cross distribution.
The system is further improved in that the detection ionization chamber is rectangular in shape, and the long side of the detection ionization chamber is parallel to the calculation route.
A further development of the system is that each group of detection ionization chambers comprises one detection ionization chamber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of an ionization chamber of a radiation field calculable detection plate in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the detection ionization chamber in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the detection ionization chamber in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the steps of the method for detecting the range of the radiation field in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the procedure for setting the measurement number-radiation field relationship in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a table showing the charge amount data of the ionization chamber actually measured as described in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a table of charge data for the modified ionization chamber described in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a table of data of the amount of charge in the ionization chamber after the normalization process in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graphical representation of the data resulting from the fitting described in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of ionization chambers of the detection plate in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the arrangement of ionization chambers of the detection plate in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-detecting plate; 11-a central ionization chamber; 12-a detection ionization chamber; 121-a collection plate; 122-high pressure plate; 123-an insulating plate; 1231-cavity.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, disclosing a detection plate 1 capable of calculating a radiation field, which includes a central ionization chamber 11 of a square shape disposed at the center and four detection ionization chambers 12 of a rectangular shape disposed around the central ionization chamber 11, respectively; specifically, when the detection plate 11 is irradiated by the accelerator, the central ionization chamber 11 should be at the center of the field of the accelerator, that is, the central ionization chamber 11 is used as the central control point of irradiation;
specifically, the four detection ionization chambers 12 are respectively arranged in four mutually perpendicular directions, namely, the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of the central ionization chamber 11, the long sides of the detection ionization chambers 12 are parallel to the direction of the detection ionization chambers, the sizes of the four detection ionization chambers 12 are the same, and the distances between the four detection ionization chambers 12 and the central ionization chamber 11 are also the same;
specifically, the central ionization chamber 11 and the detection ionization chamber 12 are both air ionization chambers;
in particular, fig. 2-3 show a specific structure of the detection ionization chamber 12, which includes the collecting plate 121, the high voltage plate 122, and the insulating plate 123 in the middle, specifically, the insulating plate 123 has a rectangular cavity 1231 in the center.
Specifically, a collector is disposed in the collecting plate 121, a high voltage electrode is disposed in the high voltage plate 122, and both the collector and the high voltage electrode are electrically connected to a processor (not shown in the figure) in the detecting plate 1.
Specifically, the central ionization chamber 11 is similar to the detection ionization chamber 12 except that the cavity 1231 has a square shape, and the description thereof is omitted here.
Specifically, the ionization chamber ionizes air under the irradiation of rays of the accelerator to generate ions, positive and negative ions are collected through the collector under the action of an electric field of the high-voltage electrode to form an induced current signal, the induced current signal is transmitted to the processor, and the processor processes the induced current signal and calculates the electric charge amount in the ionization chamber.
Specifically, the processor is provided with an execution code for executing the method shown in fig. 4 to detect the range of the radiation field when the detection board 1 is irradiated by the accelerator, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route on a detection plate;
specifically, the selection of the calculation route can be set by an operator according to the actual situation;
specifically, the calculation route may be a route extending from the central ionization chamber to the edge of the detection plate, or a route passing through any two points of the central ionization chamber and the edge of the detection plate;
specifically, a longitudinal line formed by two directions, namely, the upper direction and the lower direction of the central ionization chamber 11, can be selected as a calculation route, and one direction of the four directions of the central ionization chamber 11 can also be selected as a calculation route;
specifically, since the field range of the accelerator is generally a symmetrical square, and the detecting ionization chambers in this embodiment are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central ionization chamber, the longitudinal lines formed in the upper and lower directions of the central ionization chamber 11 are selected as a calculation route in this embodiment, that is, the charge amounts of the central ionization chamber 11 and the detecting ionization chambers 12 in the upper and lower directions are obtained;
s2, carrying out normalization processing on the obtained plurality of electric charge quantities to obtain average measurement quantities on the same calculation route;
specifically, the normalization process includes the following steps:
s21, taking the charge amount detected by the central ionization chamber as a reference value;
s22, correcting the charge quantity detected by the two detection ionization chambers by using corresponding correction coefficients;
specifically, the correction coefficient is a coefficient calculated by a correction formula including a temperature coefficient and an air pressure coefficient, and is used for correcting the charge value detected by the ionization chamber so as to eliminate deviation caused by the environment;
specifically, in this embodiment, the correction formula is
Wherein t is the temperature value of the ionization chamber, and p is the air pressure value of the ionization chamber;
s23, calculating the ratio of the electric charge quantity detected by the two corrected detection ionization chambers to a reference value to obtain corresponding measurement numbers;
and S24, calculating the average value of the measured numbers corresponding to the two detection ionization chambers to obtain the average measured number.
Through the normalization processing, the charge value of the central ionization chamber can be used as a reference to carry out proportional correction on the charge amounts of the two detection ionization chambers so as to obtain a more accurate and stable measurement amount, and calculation deviation caused by environmental change is avoided, so that the field calculation result is more accurate.
And S3, converting the average measurement number into a radiation field range in the direction according to a preset measurement number-radiation field relation.
Specifically, the measurement number-field relationship may be a data curve or a relational expression obtained by fitting the prior data, and specifically, when the measurement number-field relationship is preset, multiple measurements are performed under the same condition to fit the direction and the number of ionization chambers selected in actual measurement to obtain the data curve or the relational expression.
Fig. 5 shows a setting step of the measurement number-field relationship, including:
s4, irradiating the two detection ionization chambers by using an accelerator in a known radiation field range;
s5, acquiring the charge quantity detected by the two detection ionization chambers;
s6, performing normalization processing on the obtained electric charge quantities of the two detection ionization chambers to obtain the average measurement quantity on the longitudinal line;
s7, repeating the steps S4-S6 for multiple times to obtain multiple average measurement numbers and multiple corresponding radiation field ranges;
s8, fitting the average measurement numbers and the corresponding radiation field ranges by using a fitting algorithm to obtain a measurement number-radiation field relation; specifically, a linear fitting algorithm may be used to perform polynomial fitting on the plurality of average measurement numbers and the corresponding radiation field ranges to obtain a polynomial relationship or a data curve between the average measurement numbers and the radiation field ranges.
Next, the setting of the relationship between the number of measurements and the field of view in this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to data of one actual measurement, and fig. 6 shows charge amount data obtained by irradiating the central ionization chamber and two detection ionization chambers in the upper and lower directions thereof with different field ranges using an accelerator;
specifically, the correction coefficient calculated by the correction formula for the detection ionization chamber in the upward direction is 0.9808, the correction coefficient calculated by the correction formula for the detection ionization chamber in the downward direction is 0.98295, and the data in fig. 6 is corrected by using the corresponding correction coefficient, fig. 7 shows the corrected charge amount data, and fig. 8 shows the measurement number data after the normalization processing is performed on the data of the two detection ionization chambers and the average measurement number data in the longitudinal direction obtained by the final calculation.
Specifically, a linear fitting algorithm is used to perform polynomial fitting on the average measurement numbers and the corresponding radiation field ranges to obtain a polynomial relationship or a data curve between the average measurement numbers and the radiation field ranges, and the fitted polynomial relationship and data curve are shown in fig. 9. In subsequent measurement, the range of the radiation field in the longitudinal direction can be directly calculated by the charge amount of the ionization chamber and the polynomial relation.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, only the method for calculating the radiation field in the longitudinal direction is shown, but the method for calculating the radiation field in the transverse direction, i.e., in the two ionization chambers on the route formed by the left and right directions of the central ionization chamber, is also applicable to the method for calculating the radiation field mentioned in this embodiment.
Example 2
Fig. 10 shows embodiment 2 of the present invention, disclosing a detection plate similar to embodiment 1 except that three detection ionization chambers 12 are provided in each direction of the central ionization chamber 11.
Example 3
Fig. 11 shows embodiment 3 of the present invention, disclosing a detection plate which is similar to embodiment 1, and three detection ionization chambers 12 are provided in four directions of the central ionization chamber 11 in the X shape.
When the field calculation is performed using the ionization chambers in the detection panel of example 2 or example 3, the idea of the calculation is also the same as the field calculation procedure disclosed in example 1, except for the different directions and the different number of ionization chambers.
The above embodiments only show some preferred solutions, and the number and direction of the detection ionization chambers around the central ionization chamber can be selected by the designer according to the actual situation.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A portal calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the detection plate is irradiated by an accelerator, acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route on the detection plate;
normalizing the acquired plurality of the electric charge quantities to obtain the average measurement quantity on the same calculation route;
converting the average measurement number into a radiation field range on the calculation route according to a preset measurement number-radiation field relation;
the measurement quantity-radiation field relation is set by the following steps:
irradiating a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route with a known radiation field range by using an accelerator;
acquiring the charge quantity detected by a plurality of ionization chambers on the same calculation route;
normalizing the acquired plurality of the electric charge quantities to obtain the average measurement quantity on the same calculation route;
repeating the above steps for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of average measurement numbers and a plurality of corresponding radiation field ranges;
fitting a plurality of the average measurement numbers and a plurality of corresponding portal ranges by using a fitting algorithm to obtain the measurement number-portal relationship;
the normalization processing comprises the following steps:
taking the charge quantity detected by a central ionization chamber in the ionization chambers as a reference value; the central ionization chamber is arranged in the center of the detection plate and is positioned in the center of the field when the accelerator irradiates;
calculating the ratio of the charge quantity detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber to the reference value to obtain corresponding measurement quantity;
and calculating the average value of the measured numbers corresponding to the plurality of ionization chambers obtained by calculation to obtain the average measured number.
2. The portal calculation method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the ratio of the charge quantities detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber to the reference value to obtain the corresponding measurement quantities further comprises the following steps:
the charge quantities detected by the ionization chambers except the central ionization chamber are corrected by using corresponding correction coefficients.
3. The portal calculation method according to claim 1, wherein the fitting algorithm is a linear fitting algorithm.
4. The portal calculation method of claim 1, wherein the calculated route is:
a route extending from the central ionization chamber to the edge of the detection plate;
or, the route passing through any two points of the edges of the central ionization chamber and the detection plate.
5. A portal calculation system, comprising:
set up on the pick-up plate:
the ionization detection device comprises a central ionization chamber and a plurality of groups of detection ionization chambers arranged around the central ionization chamber, wherein each group of detection ionization chambers are arranged on the same calculation route, and each group of detection ionization chambers comprises a plurality of detection ionization chambers;
the ionization chamber is used for detecting the charge quantity when an accelerator irradiates;
a processor connected to each of the ionization chambers to receive the amount of charge for performing the method of any of claims 1-4.
6. The portal calculation system of claim 5, comprising a central ionization chamber and four sets of detection ionization chambers disposed around the central ionization chamber;
the four groups of detection ionization chambers are respectively arranged in four directions in a cross distribution.
7. The portal calculation system of claim 6, wherein the detection ionization chamber is rectangular in shape with the long side parallel to the calculation path.
8. The portal calculation system of claim 6, wherein each set of detection ionization chambers comprises one detection ionization chamber.
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