CN110388855B - Method and device for testing bounce height - Google Patents
Method and device for testing bounce height Download PDFInfo
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- CN110388855B CN110388855B CN201910649782.4A CN201910649782A CN110388855B CN 110388855 B CN110388855 B CN 110388855B CN 201910649782 A CN201910649782 A CN 201910649782A CN 110388855 B CN110388855 B CN 110388855B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B35/00—Testing or checking of ammunition
- F42B35/02—Gauging, sorting, trimming or shortening cartridges or missiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/022—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by means of tv-camera scanning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly discloses a method and a device for testing bounce height, and aims to solve the problems of long calibration time, complexity and high cost of the conventional testing method. The specific technical scheme is as follows: firstly, a photoelectric imaging system is used for acquiring images of a target bouncing process in real time, the acquired sequential linear images are processed and analyzed to obtain a target bouncing track, pixel coordinate values of the target at different acquisition moments are obtained, target bouncing characteristic moments are judged, the time of the target passing through two characteristic points is calculated, and finally the bouncing height of the target is calculated according to a motion equation. The testing device comprises an upper computer, a camera, an optical imaging assembly, an adjusting mechanism and a bracket, wherein the upper computer is connected with the camera, and a linear photosensitive surface of the camera is positioned in the vertical direction; the image surface of the optical imaging component is positioned at the position of the photosensitive surface of the camera; the camera and the optical imaging assembly are disposed on the adjustment mechanism. The system has the advantages of simple structure, rapid station distribution, convenient operation and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of photoelectric tests, and particularly relates to a method and a device for testing bounce height.
Background
The measurement of the bounce height has very wide application in the fields of weapon testing, industrial measurement, sports and the like. In order to verify the performance of the signal bomb, the inspection department must measure the product emission height of the signal bomb, and if the emission height of the signal bomb is too low, the signal bomb cannot play a role in indicating and alarming. In addition, the data are counted and analyzed, the law of the signal bomb launching height is summarized, and the method has very important significance for guiding production, process improvement and safe use of products. For fireworks products, the height of the explosion point is one of important evaluation indexes from the aspects of safety and quality. If the fireworks do not reach the preset height and explode in advance, casualty accidents can be caused, and if the fireworks reach the preset height and do not explode, the ornamental effect can be influenced. In the evaluation of the efficiency of the near-explosion fuse, the accurate test of the height of the near-ground explosion point is also of great significance. In the sports such as high jump, long jump, table tennis and the like, the takeoff height or the ball bounce height needs to be accurately measured, and the method is applied to the motion analysis guidance to improve the performance.
The conventional bounce height measuring method comprises the following steps: manual visual measurement, projection, obstacle touching, angle measurement and extrapolation, acoustic measurement, high-speed photography, and double-CCD intersection measurement. The manual visual inspection method is qualitatively judged by an observer and cannot meet the requirement of high precision. In the field of sports, the patent 'a spheroid bounce height testing arrangement' adopts the array that a plurality of infrared probes are constituteed and corresponds the reflecting plate of every infrared probe, through the bounce height of projection record spheroid, and probe array height must cover whole bounce scope, leads to equipment bulky, and is with high costs. The photoelectric measurement method is adopted in the article research on the photoelectric measurement method for the near-ground explosion point height of the bouncing projectile, and the explosion point height of the bouncing projectile is measured through an acoustic sensing trigger, a light curtain target, a flame detector and a double-path time measuring instrument. These methods have limited test accuracy by the size of the individual probes and as the test range increases, the devices become bulky. In the patent "a vertical jump height tester", the human body removes touching the blade at the jump in-process with the hand, through the height measurement vertical jump height of the topmost layer blade of confirming pivoted multilayer blade and the height of bottommost layer blade, because the blade probably produces certain resistance, influences human jump height to influence the accuracy of test result. The angle measurement deduction algorithm adopts a manual aiming mode to aim at the height of the target feature, and the height of the target feature is calculated through the aiming angle and the distance from the sighting device to the target. The acoustic measurement method is used for calculating the height of a target explosion point by detecting the time when explosion sound is transmitted to acoustic sensors arranged at different points, and the method requires the target to make sound at a characteristic position and has limited application field. The high-speed photography method records the target bouncing process through a high-speed camera, and provides a method for measuring the height of a firework explosion point based on a double-CCD intersection measuring principle in the article research on the height measuring method of the firework explosion point aiming at the height measurement of the firework explosion point. According to the scheme, a double-area array CCD camera is used for collecting images, the positions of the fried points are obtained through image processing, and then the height of the fried points is obtained. Because the target bounce process is short, in order to reliably capture the target feature position image, a high frame rate camera must be used, and according to the optical projection principle, more than two cameras must be used to solve the position information, which is high in cost. In addition, the calibration precision of the internal and external parameters of the camera directly influences the testing precision, so the station arrangement and the system calibration time are long and tedious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for testing a bounce height, and aims to solve the problems of long and tedious station distribution and system calibration time and high cost in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for testing bounce height includes collecting images of a target bounce process in real time by a photoelectric imaging system, processing and analyzing collected sequence linear images to obtain a bounce track of the target, obtaining pixel coordinate values of the target at different collection moments, judging bounce characteristic moments of the target, calculating time of the target passing through two characteristic points, and finally calculating bounce height of the target according to a motion equation.
The test method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the preparation phase comprises the following two parts:
setting a camera linear image acquisition interval and a continuous acquisition line number to ensure that the acquisition duration covers the target bounce process;
fixing the camera on the side surface of the target bounce preset range, aligning the camera with the target bounce preset range, opening the camera to collect images in real time, and determining that the simulation targets can be imaged on the linear photosensitive surface of the camera; adjusting the optical imaging component, clearly imaging the intermediate depth simulation target in the target bounce preset range, adjusting the plumb of the linear photosensitive surface of the camera, and stopping the real-time acquisition of the camera;
step two: the target falls, a camera is triggered to continuously collect linear images with a set line number, and after the collection is finished, a sequence linear image of the target bouncing process is obtained;
step three: processing and analyzing the sequence linear image to obtain a target bounce track, obtaining corresponding pixel coordinate values of the target at different acquisition moments, judging the target bounce characteristic moment, and calculating the time when the target passes through two characteristic points;
step four: and calculating the bounce height of the target according to the motion equation.
And in the third step, judging the characteristic moment of the target bounce, and calculating the time from the target moving to the landing point to the highest point of the bounce.
The device for realizing the bounce height test comprises an upper computer, a camera, an optical imaging assembly, an adjusting mechanism and a support, wherein the upper computer is connected with the camera, the camera is a linear array camera, and a linear photosensitive surface of the camera is in the vertical direction; the optical imaging component consists of an optical lens and a cylindrical lens, and the image surface of the optical imaging component is positioned at the position of the photosensitive surface of the camera; the camera and the optical imaging component are arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and a support is arranged below the adjusting mechanism.
The optical imaging component and the camera are of an integral structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the target bounce height is calculated according to a kinematic formula by analyzing the time when the target reaches the characteristic position in the bounce process, the parameters of an imaging system are not required to be calibrated in advance, a plurality of sets of imaging systems are not required to be arranged in a crossed manner, only the photosensitive surface plumb of a camera is required to be adjusted, and the system has the advantages of simple structure, rapid station arrangement and convenience in operation.
2. The combination of the cylindrical lens and the optical lens is used as an imaging component, a three-dimensional scene is imaged on a one-dimensional linear photosensitive surface of the camera, a sequence linear image of a target bouncing process is acquired by utilizing the high line frequency of the linear array camera, and a basis can be provided for other motion parameter analysis.
3. The invention does not strictly limit the target to bounce at a fixed position, can carry out bounce height test on the target in a certain bounce range, and has wide application range.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bounce height testing device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the test apparatus of the present invention collecting image information;
fig. 3 is a diagram of bounce height.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1-an upper computer, 2-a camera, 3-an optical lens, 4-a cylindrical lens, 5-an adjusting mechanism and 6-a bracket.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the design idea of the invention is as follows: the scene in the three-dimensional range of the target bounce is imaged on a one-dimensional photosensitive surface of the camera by utilizing the characteristics of high spatial resolution and time resolution of the linear array camera and the imaging characteristics of a special optical element, and the target bounce height is calculated through sequential linear image analysis and motion characteristic resolution.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for realizing the bounce height test comprises an upper computer 1, a camera 2, an optical imaging assembly, an adjusting mechanism 4 and a support 5, wherein the upper computer 1 is connected with the camera 2, the camera 2 is a linear array camera, and a linear photosensitive surface of the camera 2 is in the vertical direction; the optical imaging component consists of an optical lens 3 and a cylindrical lens 4, and an image surface of the optical imaging component is positioned at the position of a photosensitive surface of the camera; the optical imaging component and the camera 2 can be designed into an integral structure and arranged on the adjusting mechanism 5, and a bracket 6 is arranged below the adjusting mechanism 5.
The cylindrical lens 4 in the optical imaging component can be placed between the optical lens 3 and the camera 2, and also can be placed at one end of the optical lens far away from the camera 2, as long as the optical lens 3 and the cylindrical lens 4 are effectively combined, and the cylindrical lens and the camera are positioned on the same light path, and an object in an imaging range is imaged on a linear photosensitive surface of the camera.
4 upper portions of adjustment mechanism are the slip track, optical imaging subassembly 3 and 2 fixed mounting of camera are on the slip track, and the slip track is straight line horizontal track, can realize horizontal displacement, and the orbital bottom of sliding is arc seat structure, can adjust every single move optical imaging subassembly 3 and 2 every single move angles of camera, has digital scale on the arc edge of arc seat, through the fixed every single move angle of the knob of side.
A method for testing bounce height comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the preparation stage comprises two parts which are not in sequence
And (I) setting a camera linear image acquisition interval and a continuous acquisition line number, and ensuring that the acquisition duration covers the target bounce process.
(II): the camera 2 is fixed at a position with a fixed distance from the side of the target bounce preset range, and the supporting mechanism and the adjusting mechanism are adjusted to enable the camera to be aligned with the target bounce preset range. Opening a camera to collect images in real time, moving a simulation target to a preset range edge position, and determining that the simulation target can be imaged on a linear photosensitive surface of the camera; adjusting the optical imaging component, clearly imaging the intermediate depth simulation target in the target bounce preset range, adjusting the plumb of the linear photosensitive surface of the camera, and stopping the real-time camera acquisition; when the target bounce is within a predetermined range of 5 to 10 meters, the intermediate depth may be determined to be 7.5 meters or 8 meters.
Step two: when the target falls, triggering the camera to continuously collect linear images with a set line number, and obtaining a sequence linear image of the target in the bouncing process after the collection is finished, wherein the X direction is the collection time, and each column is the linear image collected at different moments;
step three: and processing and analyzing the sequence linear image to obtain a target bounce track. Acquiring corresponding pixel coordinate values of the target at different acquisition moments; the time when the target landing point (the target position pixel coordinate value is minimum) is obtained through the pixel coordinate value analysist 1And the time when the highest point of target rebound (the pixel coordinate value is maximum after target position rebounds)t 2Calculating the time between the object passing two feature pointst；
Time between two feature pointstThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,fis the line frequency of the line camera.
Step four: finally, calculating through a motion equation to obtain the bounce heighth。See fig. 3, bounceHeighthThe calculation is carried out through a motion equation, and the specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
。
Claims (4)
1. a method for testing bounce height is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, acquiring a target bounce process image in real time by using a photoelectric imaging system, processing and analyzing an acquired sequence linear image to obtain a target bounce track, acquiring pixel coordinate values of a target at different acquisition moments, judging target bounce characteristic moments, calculating the time of the target passing through two characteristic moments, and finally calculating the bounce height of the target according to a motion equation;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the preparation phase comprises the following two parts:
setting a camera linear image acquisition interval and a continuous acquisition line number to ensure that the acquisition duration covers the target bounce process;
fixing the camera on the side surface of the target bounce preset range, aligning the camera with the target bounce preset range, opening the camera to collect images in real time, and determining that the simulation targets can be imaged on the linear photosensitive surface of the camera; adjusting the optical imaging component, clearly imaging the intermediate depth simulation target in the target bounce preset range, adjusting the plumb of the linear photosensitive surface of the camera, and stopping the real-time acquisition of the camera;
step two: the target falls, a camera is triggered to continuously collect linear images with a set line number, and after the collection is finished, a sequence linear image of the target bouncing process is obtained;
step three: processing and analyzing the sequence linear image to obtain a target bounce track, obtaining corresponding pixel coordinate values of the target at different acquisition moments, judging target bounce characteristic moments, and calculating the time when the target passes through two characteristic moments;
step four: calculating the bounce height of the target according to a motion equation;
the camera is a linear array camera, and a linear photosensitive surface of the camera is in the vertical direction; the optical imaging component consists of an optical lens and a cylindrical lens, and the image surface of the optical imaging component is positioned at the position of the photosensitive surface of the camera.
2. The method for testing bounce height of claim 1, wherein:
and in the third step, judging the characteristic moment of the target bounce, and calculating the time from the target moving to the landing point to the highest point of the bounce.
3. An apparatus suitable for use in the method for measuring bounce height of any one of claims 1-2, wherein:
the device comprises an upper computer, a camera, an optical imaging assembly, an adjusting mechanism and a support, wherein the upper computer is connected with the camera, the camera is a linear array camera, and a linear photosensitive surface of the camera is in the vertical direction; the optical imaging component consists of an optical lens and a cylindrical lens, and the image surface of the optical imaging component is positioned at the position of the photosensitive surface of the camera; the camera and the optical imaging component are arranged on the adjusting mechanism, and a support is arranged below the adjusting mechanism.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 for a method of measuring bounce height, comprising:
the optical imaging component and the camera are of an integral structure.
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| CN101865664A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-10-20 | 武汉大学 | Portable dynamic deflection displacement measuring device and method |
| WO2015016016A1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Height measurement device |
| CN106643731A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 凌云光技术集团有限责任公司 | System and method for tracking and measuring point target |
| CN107583875A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of table tennis anti-pumping performance detection means |
| CN107607288A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Real-time space displacement measuring system based on line array CCD |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101865664A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-10-20 | 武汉大学 | Portable dynamic deflection displacement measuring device and method |
| WO2015016016A1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Height measurement device |
| CN106643731A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 凌云光技术集团有限责任公司 | System and method for tracking and measuring point target |
| CN107607288A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Real-time space displacement measuring system based on line array CCD |
| CN107583875A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of table tennis anti-pumping performance detection means |
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