CN110383975B - Method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels - Google Patents
Method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels Download PDFInfo
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- CN110383975B CN110383975B CN201810351389.2A CN201810351389A CN110383975B CN 110383975 B CN110383975 B CN 110383975B CN 201810351389 A CN201810351389 A CN 201810351389A CN 110383975 B CN110383975 B CN 110383975B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing. The method takes corn kernels of 'suyu-29' variety as raw materials, seeds are soaked intermittently, the corn kernels are germinated after being soaked by sodium chloride solution, calcium chloride solution is sprayed intermittently in the germination process, the LCYE gene expression quantity in the germinated corn kernels is improved by 4.82-5.25 times, and the lutein content is improved by 103% -124% compared with that in ungerminated kernels, so that the functionality of the final corn kernels and related products of the buds can be enhanced. The method is simple, convenient, time-saving, safe and low in cost, and can be used for large-scale standardized production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing.
Background
Lutein is an oxygen-containing carotenoid widely found in vegetables, fruits, flowers and certain algae organisms. It is a yellow pigment, which is often used to increase the color of foods and is also used as a feed additive. In addition, lutein is a functional nutrient and can prevent cardiovascular disease, cancer and age-related macular degeneration. As a food supplement, lutein has been allowed to be added in foods, beverages, cosmetics and nutraceuticals.
Corn is an important grain and economic crop in China, and the yield of the corn is second to that of wheat and rice. The corn kernel is rich in carotenoid, protein, fat, vitamin and other nutrient substances. The major carotenoids are lutein, zeaxanthin and β -cryptoxanthin. Beta-cyclase (LCYB) and epsilon-cyclase (LCYE) catalyze the cyclization reaction of lycopene, which is an important branch point of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in higher plants. In one branch of the method, lycopene generates beta-carotene under the action of beta-cyclase, and finally synthesizes zeaxanthin after catalysis of hydroxylase. In another approach, lycopene is synthesized into alpha-carotene under the combined action of beta-cyclase and epsilon-cyclase, and lutein is finally produced after the action of hydroxylase. Thus, the amount of expression of LCYB and LCYE determines the metabolic flux.
The germination is a simple, cheap, environment-friendly and safe food processing mode, and edible germinating seeds can be cultivated in a short time. After the corn grains are germinated by proper adversity stress, the chemical components of the corn grains are changed, the nutritive value is improved, and the unique flavor and taste are formed. In addition, the functional health-care component Lutein (Lutein) can be enriched. On the other hand, the use of inorganic salts for stress germination of seeds may also increase the content of antioxidant substances in the seeds. At present, the main sprout food in the world is derived from leguminous plants such as mung beans, alfalfa, soybeans and the like, and the grain sprouting food is not widely applied.
The invention discloses a method for promoting the lutein enrichment of corn kernels, which takes the yellow corn kernels as raw materials to directionally enrich the lutein, can improve the additional value of the corn kernels and provides good raw materials for producing products rich in lutein substances.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for promoting the lutein enrichment of corn kernels. The invention takes corn seeds as raw materials, and is prepared by screening, impurity removal, intermittent seed soaking, sodium chloride solution soaking, germination and calcium chloride solution spraying.
The invention adopts an intermittent seed soaking mode to soak the corn seeds, which can improve the germination rate of the corn seeds: meanwhile, a 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution is intermittently sprayed in the germination process, so that the damage of salt stress to corn grains can be reduced; the method has the advantages that the sodium chloride solution is adopted for stress soaking treatment, the LCYE gene expression quantity in the corn grains is improved by 4.82-5.25 times, the lutein content in the corn grains reaches 11.4-12.5 mu g/g DW, and the lutein content is improved by 103% -124% compared with that in ungerminated grains. The invention not only improves the lutein content in the corn grains and the nutritive value, can be directly eaten as vegetables, but also provides a food production raw material or additive with high nutritive value.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels, comprising the following process steps:
(1) screening and sterilizing: selecting and washing corn seeds with clear water, standing for 8-10min, removing floating corn seeds, and soaking and sterilizing with 2 times of 0.5% NaClO solution for 30 min;
(2) intermittent seed soaking: elutriating the sterilized corn kernels in the step (1) by using deionized water, and cleaning residual NaClO solution on the surface. The method comprises the following steps of soaking corn seeds in an intermittent soaking mode, namely soaking for 6 hours at normal temperature and cutting off water for 2 hours for 2 times continuously:
(3) soaking in a sodium chloride solution: selecting 250-350 mmol/L sodium chloride solution with 2 times volume to soak the corn kernels in the step (2) for 6-8 hours at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃, and cleaning residual salt solution on the surfaces of the kernels by deionized water after soaking;
(4) seed germination: putting the corn seeds in the step (3) into a culture dish padded with two layers of filter paper (the filter paper is wetted by deionized water in advance), germinating in a constant-temperature incubator in the dark condition at the germination temperature of 22-26 ℃ for 60-72 h, and spraying water every 6 h: spraying 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution every 12h, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying amount to the corn kernels is 0.4-0.6 mL/g, and cleaning the corn kernels and the buds thereof after germination.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method for promoting the lutein enrichment of corn kernels has the following advantages:
(1) the intermittent seed soaking mode is adopted in the corn kernel soaking process, so that the germination rate of the corn kernels can be increased, the proportion of the enriched lutein corn kernels is increased, and the utilization rate of the raw materials is increased: meanwhile, 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution is intermittently sprayed in the germination process, so that the damage of salt stress to the corn kernels can be reduced, and the germination rate of the corn kernels can be further improved.
(2) After the corn kernels are soaked in the sodium chloride solution, the LCYE gene expression level in the corn kernels is improved by 4.82-5.25 times, the xanthophyll content is improved by 103% -124% compared with that in ungerminated kernels, and the xanthophyll enrichment in the corn kernels is realized. Compared with the existing genetic modification means and xanthophyll enrichment by microbial fermentation, the method directly takes corn grains as raw materials, has scientific process, convenient operation, safety and low cost, and is easy to realize industrial production.
(3) The germinated corn kernel produced by the invention is rich in lutein, the nutritional value of the product is improved, and the corn kernel and the bud can be eaten as vegetables or used as food additives, so that the germinated corn kernel has a good health-care function.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) screening and sterilizing corn kernels: selecting corn seeds with clear water, washing, standing for 10min, removing floating corn seeds, soaking in 0.5% NaClO solution 2 times the volume of corn seeds, and sterilizing for 30 min.
(2) Intermittent seed soaking: elutriating the sterilized corn kernels in the step (1) by using deionized water, and cleaning residual NaClO solution on the surface. Soaking at normal temperature for 16h (i.e. soaking for 6h, cutting off water for 2h, and continuously soaking for 2 times).
(3) Soaking in a sodium chloride solution: then soaking the seeds in 2 times of 300mmol/L sodium chloride solution for 8 hours at the seed soaking temperature of 25 ℃. And cleaning residual salt solution on the surface of the seeds by using deionized water after soaking.
(4) Seed germination: and (3) putting the corn kernels in the step (3) into a culture dish (the filter paper is wetted by deionized water in advance) padded with two layers of filter paper, germinating in a constant-temperature incubator in the dark, spraying water once every 6 hours, spraying 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution every 12 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying amount to the corn kernels is 0.5mL/g, the germination temperature is 24 ℃, and the germination time is 60 hours.
(5) The LCYE gene expression in the corn kernel is improved by 4.97 times through qRT-PCR analysis, and the lutein content in the germinated corn kernel is 12.12 mu g/g DW through HPLC determination and is improved by 117 percent compared with the lutein content in the ungerminated corn kernel.
Example 2:
(1) screening and sterilizing corn kernels: selecting corn seeds with clear water, washing, standing for 10min, removing floating corn seeds, soaking in 0.5% NaClO solution 2 times the volume of corn seeds, and sterilizing for 30 min.
(2) Intermittent seed soaking: elutriating the sterilized corn kernels in the step (1) by using deionized water, and cleaning residual NaClO solution on the surface. Soaking at normal temperature for 16h (i.e. soaking for 6h, cutting off water for 2h, and continuously soaking for 2 times).
(3) Soaking in a sodium chloride solution: then soaking the seeds in 2 times of 300mmol/L sodium chloride solution for 8 hours at the seed soaking temperature of 25 ℃. And (4) washing residual salt solution on the surface of the seed by using deionized water after seed soaking.
(4) Seed germination: and (3) placing the corn kernels in the step (3) into a culture dish (the filter paper is wetted by deionized water in advance), germinating in a constant-temperature incubator in the dark, spraying water once every 6 hours, and spraying 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution every 12 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying amount to the corn kernels is 0.6 mL/g. The germination temperature is 24 deg.C, and the germination time is 72 h.
(5) The LCYE gene expression in the corn kernel is improved by 5.25 times through qRT-PCR analysis, and the lutein content in the germinated corn kernel is 12.5 mu g/g DW measured by HPLC determination and is improved by 124 percent compared with the lutein content in the ungerminated corn kernel.
Example 3:
(1) screening and sterilizing corn kernels: selecting corn seeds with clear water, washing, standing for 10min, removing floating corn seeds, soaking in 0.5% NaClO solution 2 times the volume of corn seeds, and sterilizing for 30 min.
(2) Intermittent seed soaking: elutriating the sterilized corn kernels in the step (1) by using deionized water, and cleaning residual NaClO solution on the surface. Soaking at normal temperature for 16h (i.e. soaking for 6h, cutting off water for 2h, and continuously soaking for 2 times).
(3) Soaking in a sodium chloride solution: then soaking the seeds in a 2-time volume of 250mmol/L sodium chloride solution for 8 hours at the seed soaking temperature of 25 ℃. And (4) washing residual salt solution on the surface of the seed by using deionized water after seed soaking.
(4) Seed germination: and (3) putting the corn kernels in the step (3) into a culture dish (the filter paper is wetted by deionized water in advance) padded with two layers of filter paper, germinating in a constant-temperature incubator in the dark, spraying water once every 6 hours, spraying 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution every 12 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying amount to the corn kernels is 0.4mL/g, the germination temperature is 24 ℃, and the germination time is 60 hours.
(5) The LCYE gene expression in the corn kernel is improved by 4.82 times through qRT-PCR analysis, and the lutein content in the germinated corn kernel is 11.4 mu g/g DW measured by HPLC determination and is improved by 103 percent compared with the lutein content in the ungerminated corn kernel.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various obvious modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the related solutions of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention as claimed are all described in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for promoting lutein enrichment of corn kernels is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) screening and sterilizing: selecting corn seeds of 'suyu-29', selecting and washing the corn seeds with clear water, standing for 8-10min, removing the floating corn seeds, and soaking and sterilizing for 30min by using 0.5% NaClO solution with 2 times of volume;
(2) intermittent seed soaking: elutriating the sterilized corn kernels in the step (1) by using deionized water, and cleaning residual NaClO solution on the surface; soaking corn seeds for 2 times continuously by adopting an intermittent soaking mode under the conditions of soaking for 6 hours at normal temperature and stopping water for 2 hours;
(3) soaking in a sodium chloride solution: continuously soaking the corn kernels obtained in the step (2) in 2-fold volume of sodium chloride aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the selected sodium chloride aqueous solution is as follows: 250-350 mmol/L, the soaking temperature is 25 ℃, and the soaking time is 6-8 h; after soaking, washing residual salt solution on the surface of the seeds by using deionized water;
(4) seed germination: placing the corn seeds in the step (3) into a culture dish filled with two layers of filter paper, germinating in a constant-temperature incubator in the dark condition at the germination temperature of 22-26 ℃ for 60-72 h, and wetting the filter paper filled under the seeds by deionized water; in the germination process, water is sprayed every 6 hours; spraying 5mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution every 12h, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying amount to the corn kernels is 0.4-0.6 mL/g, and cleaning the corn kernels and the buds thereof after germination.
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| CN113692800B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-12-06 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for improving lutein in germinated corn grains through methyl jasmonate combined with NaCl treatment |
| CN114946312B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2024-01-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for efficiently enriching carotenoid in germinated corn |
| CN113061614B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-04-28 | 四川大学 | Application of tomato SlWRKY35 gene in improving carotenoid compound or/and chlorophyll content of tomatoes |
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