CN110380205B - PIFA based on multi-resonance mode - Google Patents

PIFA based on multi-resonance mode Download PDF

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CN110380205B
CN110380205B CN201910646416.3A CN201910646416A CN110380205B CN 110380205 B CN110380205 B CN 110380205B CN 201910646416 A CN201910646416 A CN 201910646416A CN 110380205 B CN110380205 B CN 110380205B
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mode
pifa
radiation patch
antenna
dielectric substrate
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CN110380205A (en
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陈月云
李祖杭
简荣灵
陈涛华
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way

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Abstract

The invention provides a PIFA based on multiple resonance modes, which comprises: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a radiation patch, a short-circuit metal sheet and a feed unit; the antenna comprises a radiation patch, a rectangular groove and a radiating antenna, wherein the rectangular groove is formed in the position of a mode A zero current of the radiation patch so as to excite a mode B, and the resonant frequency of the mode B is reduced by increasing the length of the rectangular groove on the premise of keeping the resonant frequency of the mode A basically unchanged, so that the purpose of expanding the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved; meanwhile, by reducing the length of the radiation patch, on the premise of basically not influencing the resonant frequency of the A mode and the B mode, the resonant frequency of the C mode is increased, and the bandwidth of the antenna is further expanded; in addition, the rectangular metal sheet is arranged at the top of the feed probe, so that capacitive coupling feed is realized, and impedance matching is achieved by adjusting the length and the width of the rectangular metal sheet. According to the invention, by combining A, B, C three resonance modes, the antenna bandwidth is effectively expanded, and the antenna has a compact structure and broadband characteristics, and is suitable for a wireless communication system transceiver.

Description

PIFA based on multi-resonance mode
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a planar inverted F-shaped Antenna (PIFA) based on a multi-resonant mode.
Background
The rapid development of modern wireless communication technology puts higher and higher requirements on terminal equipment. Many systems require antennas that have large operating bandwidths and simple structures that are easily integrated with wireless communication devices. Microstrip patch antennas have the advantages of small size, low cost, easy manufacture, etc., and have been widely researched and developed in recent years.
The microstrip antenna has the following advantages: first, the profile is low, i.e., the antenna size is small, which facilitates integration on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB); secondly, the performance of the microstrip antenna is very diversified, and various polarization modes can be realized by radiation patches with different shapes, different feed modes and different array modes; third, the materials commonly used for microstrip antennas are generally inexpensive.
The PIFA mainly comprises four parts: ground plane, short circuit sheetmetal, radiation sheetmetal and coaxial feeder. The PIFA has the characteristics of miniaturization and compact structure, has the advantages of convenient internal arrangement, simple processing, low cost, small backward radiation and the like, and is widely applied to mobile communication terminals, especially mobile terminal equipment.
However, the existing microstrip antenna has the problem of narrow impedance bandwidth, and the existing microstrip antenna bandwidth extension technology mainly includes: adopting a plurality of layers of patches; adopting a king-shaped patch; an inverted U-shaped antenna is adopted; e-type antennas are used, etc. However, the antennas described above all require a high profile, which is not in accordance with the low profile nature of microstrip antennas. In addition, the method for coupling the two singular modes together can effectively expand the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna under the condition of ensuring the low profile characteristic of the microstrip antenna. However, since there are only two odd modules combined together, the impedance bandwidth of these antennas is only twice as wide as that of the conventional microstrip antenna, which may hinder the application of these microstrip antennas in broadband communication systems, and therefore the prior art cannot effectively solve the problem of narrow impedance bandwidth of microstrip antennas, and reports of combining three resonant modes to achieve PIFA bandwidth extension have not been found in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a PIFA based on a multi-resonance mode, which solves the problems that the impedance bandwidth of the existing PIFA is too narrow, and the impedance bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is not effectively solved by the existing antenna bandwidth expansion technology, and realizes the multi-resonance mode of the antenna by slotting a radiation patch and changing the length-width ratio of the radiation patch, thereby increasing the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a PIFA based on a multi-resonance mode, the PIFA comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a radiation patch, a short-circuit metal sheet and a feed unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the ground plane is a reflecting surface of the PIFA, is positioned right below the dielectric substrate and is parallel to the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch is positioned on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and is parallel to the ground plane, and the short circuit metal sheet is positioned on the side plane of the dielectric substrate and is used for connecting the radiation patch and the ground plane; the feed unit is positioned on the ground plane and is connected to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate through a feed probe;
a rectangular groove is formed in the position of the radiation patch at the mode A zero current position, so that the mode B is excited, and the resonant frequency of the mode B is reduced by increasing the length of the rectangular groove on the premise of keeping the resonant frequency of the mode A unchanged, so that the purpose of expanding the bandwidth of the PIFA is achieved; meanwhile, by reducing the length of the radiation patch, the resonance frequency of the C mode is increased on the premise of not influencing the resonance frequencies of the A mode and the B mode, and the bandwidth of the PIFA is further expanded; the PIFA effectively expands the bandwidth of the antenna by combining A, B, C three resonance modes.
Further, the radiation patch is a rectangular metal patch, and the size of the radiation patch is smaller than that of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Further, the rectangular groove is parallel to a long side of the radiation patch.
Further, the middle point of the rectangular groove and the middle points of the upper edge and the lower edge of the radiation patch are on the same horizontal line.
Further, an air gap with a preset height exists between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane.
Further, the feeding unit is of a circular structure.
Further, the feed probe is of a cylindrical structure.
Furthermore, a rectangular metal sheet is arranged at the top of the feed probe and used for carrying out capacitive coupling feed and realizing impedance matching with preset requirements.
Further, the feeding mode of the PIFA is coaxial feeding, and the port plane of the PIFA is set to be lumped port excitation.
Further, the port impedance of the PIFA is 50 Ω.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the PIFA based on the multiple resonant modes, the A, B, C three resonant modes are combined by adopting the rectangular slot for the radiating patch and reducing the length of the radiating patch, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded. Meanwhile, the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and the ground plane are connected through the feed probe, a rectangular metal sheet is added to the top of the feed probe to perform capacitive coupling feed, and good impedance matching is achieved by adjusting the length and the width of the rectangular metal sheet. The PIFA based on the multi-resonance mode has the advantages of compact structure, wide frequency band, low manufacturing cost and the like, and can be used for transceiver equipment of a wireless communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a perspective view of a PIFA based on multiple resonant modes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1b is a side view of a PIFA based on multiple resonant modes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1c is a top view of a PIFA based on multiple resonant modes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2a, 2b and 2c are current intensity distribution diagrams at resonance frequency points of A, B, C three modes respectively;
FIG. 3 is a PIFAS based on multiple resonant modes11A sweep frequency analysis chart;
fig. 4a, 4b, and 4c are normalized radiation patterns at resonance frequency points of A, B, C three modes, respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Of course, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; but may be implemented in different forms. The following examples are merely illustrative of specific details that may be employed to assist a person skilled in the relevant art in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.
The embodiment provides a PIFA based on a multi-resonance mode, aiming at the problems that the impedance bandwidth of the existing PIFA is too narrow and the impedance bandwidth of a microstrip antenna cannot be effectively solved by the existing antenna bandwidth expansion technology; the antenna type in this embodiment is a PIFA, which has an isotropic radiation characteristic. When the antenna resonates, the current is mainly distributed in the horizontal part and the short-circuit part to the ground of the antenna, and the feeding part has no current distribution basically, so that the impedance matching can be realized by adjusting the position of the feeding point. The antenna has the advantages of simple geometric structure, low manufacturing cost and the like.
The embodiment adopts the slotting technology of the radiation patch, and the mode of slotting the radiation patch in a rectangular shape and reducing the length of the radiation patch is adopted to increase the resonant mode of the antenna. By combining A, B, C three resonance modes, the purpose of bandwidth expansion is achieved. Meanwhile, a rectangular metal sheet is added to the top of the feed probe to perform capacitive coupling feed, and the length and width of the rectangular metal sheet are adjusted to achieve impedance matching. The feeding mode adopts a coaxial feeding antenna feeding port to excite by using a lumped port, a port plane is set to be excited by the lumped port, and port impedance is set to be t.
TM in microstrip antennamnMode resonance frequency fmnThe expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002133721930000041
where c is the speed of light in free space,ris the relative dielectric constant of the substrate, LsW is the width of the radiation patch, m is 1,2,3 … and n is 1,2,3 ….
For the PIFA, the approximate calculation formula for the resonant frequency is:
Figure BDA0002133721930000042
in the formula: f. of0Is the resonant frequency; c is the speed of light in free space; l is1And W1The length and width of the radiation patch respectively; h2And WsRespectively the height and width of the shorting metal sheet.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1a, fig. 1b and fig. 1c, the PIFA based on multiple resonant modes of the present embodiment includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a radiation patch, a short-circuit metal sheet and a feed unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the ground plane is a reflecting surface of PIFA with a size of Ls×WsAnd is positioned right below the dielectric substrate and parallel to the dielectric substrate, and has a height H between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane2The air gap of (a); the radiating patch has a size Ls× W, a rectangular metal patch on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and parallel to the ground plane, the radiating patch having a size smaller than the size of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, a shorting metal strip on the side plane of the dielectric substrate for connecting the radiating patch to the ground plane, the shorting metal strip having a length and a height LsAnd (H)1+H2)；
An L is arranged at the A-mode zero current position of the radiation patch1×W1The rectangular groove is parallel to the long edge of the radiation patch, and the midpoint of the rectangular groove and the midpoint of the upper edge and the lower edge of the radiation patch are on the same horizontal line. The B mode is excited by arranging the rectangular groove, and the resonant frequency of the B mode is reduced by increasing the length of the rectangular groove on the premise of keeping the resonant frequency of the A mode unchanged, so that the purpose of expanding the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved; meanwhile, in order to further expand the bandwidth of the antenna, the length of the radiation patch is reduced, the C mode is excited on the premise that the resonance frequency of the A mode and the resonance frequency of the B mode are not influenced basically, and the resonance frequency of the C mode is increased to be close to the resonance frequency of the A mode and the resonance frequency of the B mode. By combining A, B and C three resonance modes, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded.
The feed unit has a radius of R2And a circular structure located on the ground plane and passing through a radius R1Height of H2The cylindrical feed probe of (a) is connected to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the top of the feed probe is provided with a dimension L2×W2The rectangular metal sheet carries out capacitive coupling feed, and the length and the width of the rectangular metal sheet are adjusted, so that impedance matching is realized.
Further, the feeding mode of the PIFA of this embodiment is coaxial feeding, the port plane is set as lumped port excitation, and the port impedance is 50 Ω.
A. B, C the current intensity distribution diagram at the resonance frequency point of the three modes is shown in fig. 2a, 2b and 2 c; PIFAS based on multiple resonant modes11The frequency sweep analysis chart is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the-10 dB impedance bandwidth is 24.5%, and the coverage range is 5.34-6.83 GHz. And A, B, C the normalized radiation patterns at the resonant frequency points of the three modes are shown in fig. 4a, 4b and 4c, respectively.
According to the technical scheme, the radiation patch is slotted at the zero current position of the A mode of the rectangular radiation patch in a rectangular slotting mode, and the B mode is excited; and the length of the rectangular groove is increased, and the resonant frequency of the B mode is reduced on the premise of keeping the resonant frequency of the A mode basically unchanged, so that the purpose of expanding the bandwidth is achieved. Meanwhile, the length of the radiation patch is reduced, the resonant frequency of the C mode is increased on the premise that the resonant frequencies of the A mode and the B mode are basically not influenced, and the bandwidth of the antenna is further expanded. And adding a rectangular metal sheet at the top of the feed probe to perform capacitive coupling feed, and adjusting the length and width of the rectangular metal sheet to realize good impedance matching. The aim of expanding the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved by combining A, B and C three resonance modes.
Further, it should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.
It should also be noted that the above describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A PIFA based on multiple resonant modes, said PIFA comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a radiation patch, a short-circuit metal sheet and a feed unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the ground plane is a reflecting surface of the PIFA, is positioned right below the dielectric substrate and is parallel to the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch is positioned on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and is parallel to the ground plane, and the short circuit metal sheet is positioned on the side plane of the dielectric substrate and is used for connecting the radiation patch and the ground plane; the feed unit is positioned on the ground plane and is connected to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate through a feed probe; the top of the feed probe is provided with a rectangular metal sheet which is used for carrying out capacitive coupling feed and realizing impedance matching with preset requirements;
a rectangular groove is formed in the position of the radiation patch at the mode A zero current position, so that the mode B is excited, and the resonant frequency of the mode B is reduced by increasing the length of the rectangular groove on the premise of keeping the resonant frequency of the mode A unchanged, so that the purpose of expanding the bandwidth of the PIFA is achieved; the rectangular groove is parallel to the long edge of the radiation patch, and the midpoint of the rectangular groove and the midpoint of the upper edge and the lower edge of the radiation patch are on the same horizontal line; meanwhile, by reducing the length of the radiation patch, the resonance frequency of the C mode is increased on the premise of not influencing the resonance frequencies of the A mode and the B mode, and the bandwidth of the PIFA is further expanded; the PIFA effectively expands the bandwidth of the antenna by combining A, B, C three resonance modes.
2. The multi-resonant mode based PIFA of claim 1, wherein said radiating patch is a rectangular metal patch and the size of said radiating patch is smaller than the size of the upper surface of said dielectric substrate.
3. The multi-resonant mode based PIFA of claim 1, where there is an air gap of a preset height between said dielectric substrate and said ground plane.
4. The multi-resonant mode-based PIFA of claim 1, wherein said feed element is a circular structure.
5. The multi-resonant mode based PIFA of claim 4, where said feed probe is a cylindrical structure.
6. The multi-resonant mode based PIFA of any of claims 1-5, wherein said PIFA is fed in a coaxial feed with its port plane set to lumped port excitation.
7. The multi-resonant mode-based PIFA of claim 6, wherein the port impedance of the PIFA is 50 Ω.
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CN111129757B (en) * 2020-01-13 2022-06-14 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 Half-mode microstrip antenna and electronic equipment
CN111525269B (en) * 2020-05-29 2022-11-29 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Antenna system and terminal
CN114976606B (en) * 2021-02-24 2023-08-22 华为技术有限公司 Antenna and communication device
CN115241638A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-10-25 四川大学 Light and thin rectifying antenna coplanar and integrated with solar thin-film battery

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