CN110378027A - Consider the empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method that flux density is axially distributed - Google Patents
Consider the empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method that flux density is axially distributed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of empty load of motor losses and electromagnetic torque calculation method that consideration flux density is axially distributed, for mixing stator iron core motor, flux density amplitude in classical loss calculation is replaced with into axially varying flux density amplitude distribution function by constant, measuring point simulation analysis is taken at four exemplary positions of stator, measuring point is obtained in the flux density amplitude of each axial position point, and it is it is poor with the flux density amplitude work in corresponding single material stator, it obtains flux density amplitude difference and is fitted with least square method, to obtain flux density amplitude distribution function, again the loss density function of each measuring point multiplied by corresponding measuring point region area, it is integrated axially, obtain empty load of motor stator loss；And on the basis of original electromagnetic torque calculates, several axial position points are equidistantly taken in motor gas-gap, emulation obtains corresponding flux density amplitude, obtains electromagnetic torque by axial integral；The present invention can more be precisely calculated the no-load loss and electromagnetic torque of mixing stator iron core motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to empty load of motor losses and electromagnetic torque calculation method, especially a kind of to consider what flux density was axially distributed
Mix stator core permanent magnet synchronous motor no-load loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method.
Background technique
Motor scraps a large amount of waste and old silicon steel cores of generation, and the loss of traditional silicon steel core motor is about 1.14W/kg, and
The loss of Fe-based amorphous alloy iron core motor is only 0.25W/kg, about the 22% of silicon steel material.To promote motor energy efficiency and money
Source recycles, and in the patent of Publication No. CN105119396A, proposes a kind of " using the power of mixing laminating stator iron core
Motor reproducing method " makes the silicon steel sheet for scrapping motor be reused in motor remanufactures, to avoid environmental pollution, together
When also resource is made to be fully used；The mixing laminating stator iron core be by the waste and old motor through dismantling silicon steel laminations iron core with
Fe-based amorphous alloy iron core is spaced apart from each other in axial direction and is overrided to form, and flux density edge is axial in this structure type, inside motor will
Non-uniform phenomenon is presented because of the variation of stator material, making motor flux density is no longer being axially fixed constant, and then is influenced
To the computational accuracy for being worth related motor performance parameter with flux density, especially with respect to motor stator loss and electromagnetic torque performance
It calculates.
In prior art, the basic iron loss P of motor are as follows:
PhAnd PeThe respectively magnetic hystersis loss and eddy-current loss of motor；KhAnd KeRespectively hysteresis loss coefficient and vortex damage
Consume coefficient；F is alternating current frequency；BmFor flux density amplitude；α is constant coefficient；
The tangential electromagnetic force density f on motor stator or rotor is acted in two-dimensional electromagnetic fieldtAre as follows:
Wherein: μ0For air permeability；BnFor radial air gap flux density；BtFor tangential air gap flux density；
The electromagnetic torque T of motoremIt is to be generated by tangential force:
Wherein: LFeFor electric machine iron core length；R is any circumference radius in air gap；BrAnd BθAt respectively air gap radius r
The radially and tangentially component of air gap flux density；θ is the mechanical radian of domain；
But the calculation method of above-mentioned empty load of motor in the prior art loss and electromagnetic torque, it is to see flux density along axial direction
It does equally distributed constant to be calculated, is suitable only for the case where rotor of motor is using single material, and it is fixed for mixing
Sub- iron core motor, the corresponding flux density of the core packet of unlike material are axially unevenly distributed, at especially two kinds of material interfaces,
Therefore the existing calculation method about empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque, it is unable to fully consider that flux density axial direction distributional difference is brought
Influence, calculate error it is larger, can not be applicable in mixing laminating stator iron core power motor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide a kind of motor that consideration flux density is axially distributed to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art
No-load loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method, to which the empty load of motor damage for considering that flux density is axially distributed can be calculated more accurately
Consumption and electromagnetic torque.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention considers the empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method that flux density is axially distributed, and is for mixing
The motor of stator core, it is described mixing stator core be by two kinds of unlike materials core packet axially be spaced apart from each other laminate and
At two kinds of unlike materials being denoted as material S and material A respectively, one-to-one core packet is denoted as core packet S and core packet respectively
A, is denoted as iron core S with iron core made of single material S, is denoted as iron core A with iron core made of single material A；Its main feature is that for
The motor for having mixing stator core, calculates obtain motor stator no-load loss as follows:
Step 1: the basic iron loss P of motor is characterized by formula (1):
Wherein:
PhAnd PeThe respectively magnetic hystersis loss and eddy-current loss of motor；KhAnd KeRespectively hysteresis loss coefficient and vortex damage
Consume coefficient；F is alternating current frequency；BmFor flux density amplitude；α is constant coefficient；
Step 2: for alternation and rotary magnetization is existed simultaneously in motor, basic iron loss P is expressed as formula (2):
Wherein: BxmFor radial flux density amplitude；BymFor tangential flux density amplitude；
Step 3: for the motor with mixing stator core, the basic iron loss P that will be characterized by formula (2) is by axial position
L is modified, and obtains each measuring point loss density function of stator characterized by formula (3):
Pi(l)=Khf(Bxmi(l)α+Bymi(l)α)+Kef2(Bxmi(l)2+Bymi(l)2) (3)
Wherein:
PiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial loss density function；
BxmiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial radial flux density amplitude distribution function；
BymiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial tangential flux density amplitude distribution function；
Measuring point is characterized with i, i=a, b, c, d refer to that the measuring point i is tooth top measuring point a in stator, measuring point in tooth respectively
B, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measuring points；
Step 4: by Bxmi(l) formula (4) are expressed as:
Wherein:
BA0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core A at the position measuring point i；
BS0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core S at the position measuring point i；
FBxiIt (l) is mixing stator core and the radial flux density width between corresponding iron core A or iron core S at the position measuring point i
Value difference value function；
B is obtained by emulationxmi(l), BA0xiAnd BS0xi, radial flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained using formula (4)Bxi(l)；
Tangential flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained in the same wayByi(l)；
Step 5: being calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4) and obtain each measuring point flux density loss density function P of statori(l)；Finally by
Formula (5) calculates the no-load loss P for obtaining hybrid electric motor stator0:
SjFor the area of stator difference measured zone；Measured zone is characterized with j, j=Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd refer to the survey
Measuring region j is the measured zone Ra centered on tooth top measuring point a, the measured zone Rb centered on measuring point b in tooth respectively, with tooth
Measured zone Rc centered on the root measuring point c and measured zone Rd centered on tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measured zones；
For the motor with mixing stator core, calculates obtain motor electromagnetic torque as follows:
Step a: the tangential electromagnetic force density f of motortIt is characterized by formula (6):
Wherein: μ0For air permeability；BnFor radial air gap flux density；BtFor tangential air gap flux density；
Step b: the electromagnetic torque T of motoremIt is to be generated by tangential force, is characterized by formula (7):
Wherein: LFeFor electric machine iron core length；R is any circumference radius in air gap；BrAnd BθAt respectively air gap radius r
The radially and tangentially component of air gap flux density；θ is the mechanical radian of domain；
Then, for the motor with mixing stator core, the electromagnetic torque T for obtaining motor is calculated by formula (8)mix:
Wherein: BrkAnd BθkRespectively when axial l takes k-th of axial position point air gap flux density radially and tangentially component.
The present invention considers that the empty load of motor loss that flux density is axially distributed and electromagnetic torque calculation method, feature are lain also in:
The radial direction flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference functions FByi(l) it is to obtain as follows:
Setting: each core packet of the mixing stator core from one end to the other end is followed successively by S1, A1, S2, A2 and S3, and totally five
Section, based on the symmetry of motor axial arrangement, is taken as 0 for the axial position l of each measuring point on the axial mid-section of core packet S2,
In tooth top measuring point a, tooth at each point position of measuring point b, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d, from the position of l=0, along axis
To one end towards mixing stator core, each axial position point l is equidistantly taken1、l2…lN, each axial direction is obtained by three-dimensional artificial
The flux density amplitude of location point, and iron core A and iron core S is obtained in the flux density amplitude of each point position by two-dimensional simulation, it calculates
Core packet A is mixed in stator core at the position measuring point i in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density difference in magnitude of iron core A
Value, and core packet S is mixed in stator core at the position measuring point i in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density of iron core S
Amplitude difference, then radial flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference functions FByi(l) respectively by formula (9)
It is characterized with formula (10):
Wherein:
pxi11、pxi21、pxi31、pxi41、qxi11、qxi21、pxi12、pxi22、pxi32、pxi42、qxi12、qxi22、pyi11、pyi21、
pyi31、pyi41、qyi11、qyi21、pyi12、pyi22、pyi32、pyi42、qyi12And qyi22It is coefficient, each coefficient is in corresponding axial direction
In section, according to the absolute value change curve of stator radial direction flux density amplitude difference, and according to the tangential flux density amplitude difference of stator
Absolute value change curve, be fitted to obtain by least square method；
The empty load of motor loss that the present invention considers that flux density is axially distributed is lain also in the characteristics of electromagnetic torque calculation method:
To promote convergence rate and guaranteeing fitting precision, by taken each axial position point l1、l2…lNNumerical value press formula (11)
Carry out standard deviation standardization:
Wherein: l 'nFor the numerical value of the axial position point after standardization, wherein n=1,2 ..., N；μ1And σ1Respectively
[0,0.5(LS+LA)] between axial position point numerical value mean value and standard deviation；μ2And σ2Respectively [0.5 (LS+LA),1.5LS+
LA] between axial position point numerical value mean value and standard deviation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention can obtain its flux density amplitude along the axial regularity of distribution, compare for mixing stator iron core motor
In original no-load loss for single material stator motor and electromagnetic torque calculation method, computational accuracy is improved, more smart
Really calculate the no-load loss and electromagnetic torque of motor；
2, the present invention is equally spacedly taken several in motor stator tooth top, tooth, at four typical positions of tooth root and tooth yoke
Axial position point, emulation obtain the flux density amplitude of each point, pass through construction flux density amplitude difference and fitting obtains flux density amplitude
Along axial distribution function, on the basis of original correlation theory, the motor for considering that flux density is axially distributed has been more precisely computed
Loss and electromagnetic torque, reduce error brought by original calculation for conventional motors；
3, empty load of motor loss is applicable not only to remanufacture motor with electromagnetic torque calculation method in the present invention, applies also for
The new motor that any two kinds of material stators are mixed according to arbitrary proportion.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the targeted mixing stator core stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is by the point position that takes in stator flux density analysis method；
Fig. 3 is to mix stator iron core motor in the flux density difference of each axial position point；
Fig. 4 be under two kinds of operating conditions motor in the unit electromagnetic torque of each axial position point；
Figure label: 11 first silicon steel core sections, 12 second silicon steel core sections, 13 third silicon steel core sections, 21 first is non-
Peritectic alloy core packet, 22 second amorphous alloy iron core sections.
Specific embodiment
The empty load of motor loss that consideration flux density is axially distributed in the present embodiment is to be directed to have with electromagnetic torque calculation method
Mix stator core motor, mixing stator core be by two kinds of unlike materials core packet axially be spaced apart from each other laminate and
At two kinds of unlike materials being denoted as material S and material A respectively, one-to-one core packet is denoted as core packet S and core packet respectively
A, is denoted as iron core S with iron core made of single material S, is denoted as iron core A with iron core made of single material A；
For the motor with mixing stator core, calculates obtain motor stator no-load loss as follows:
Step 1: the basic iron loss P of motor is characterized by formula (1):
Wherein:
PhAnd PeThe respectively magnetic hystersis loss and eddy-current loss of motor；KhAnd KeRespectively hysteresis loss coefficient and vortex damage
Consume coefficient；F is alternating current frequency；BmFor flux density amplitude；α is constant coefficient；
Step 2: for alternation and rotary magnetization is existed simultaneously in motor, basic iron loss P is expressed as formula (2):
Wherein: BxmFor radial flux density amplitude；BymFor tangential flux density amplitude；
Step 3: for the motor with mixing stator core, the basic iron loss P that will be characterized by formula (2) is by axial position
L is modified, and obtains each measuring point loss density function of stator characterized by formula (3):
Pi(l)=Khf(Bxmi(l)α+B ymi(l)α)+Kef2(Bxmi(l)2+Bymi(l)2) (3)
Wherein:
PiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial loss density function；
BxmiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial radial flux density amplitude distribution function；
BymiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial tangential flux density amplitude distribution function；
Measuring point is characterized with i, i=a, b, c, d refer to that the measuring point i is tooth top measuring point a in stator, measuring point in tooth respectively
B, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measuring points；
Step 4: by Bxmi(l) formula (4) are expressed as:
Wherein:
BA0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core A at the position measuring point i；
BS0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core S at the position measuring point i；
FBxiIt (l) is mixing stator core and the radial flux density width between corresponding iron core A or iron core S at the position measuring point i
Value difference value function；
B is obtained by emulationxmi(l)、BA0xiAnd BS0xi, radial flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained using formula (4)Bxi(l)；
Tangential flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained in the same wayByi(l)；
Step 5: being calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4) and obtain each measuring point flux density loss density function P of statori(l)；Finally by
Formula (5) calculates the no-load loss P for obtaining hybrid electric motor stator0:
SjFor the area of stator difference measured zone；Measured zone is characterized with j, j=Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd refer to the survey
Measuring region j is the measured zone Ra centered on tooth top measuring point a, the measured zone Rb centered on measuring point b in tooth respectively, with tooth
Measured zone Rc centered on the root measuring point c and measured zone Rd centered on tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measured zones；
For the motor with mixing stator core, calculates obtain motor electromagnetic torque as follows:
Step a: the tangential electromagnetic force density f of motortIt is characterized by formula (6):
Wherein: μ0For air permeability；BnFor radial air gap flux density；BtFor tangential air gap flux density；
Step b: the electromagnetic torque T of motoremIt is to be generated by tangential force, is characterized by formula (7):
Wherein: LFeFor electric machine iron core length；R is any circumference radius in air gap；BrAnd BθAt respectively air gap radius r
The radially and tangentially component of air gap flux density；θ is the mechanical radian of domain；
Then, for the motor with mixing stator core, the electromagnetic torque T for obtaining motor is calculated by formula (8)mix:
Wherein: BrkAnd BθkRespectively when axial l takes k-th of axial position point air gap flux density radially and tangentially component.
The present embodiment obtains radial flux density amplitude difference functions F as followsBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference letter
Number FByi(l):
Setting: each core packet of the mixing stator core from one end to the other end is followed successively by S1, A1, S2, A2 and S3, and totally five
Section, based on the symmetry of motor axial arrangement, is taken as 0 for the axial position l of each measuring point on the axial mid-section of core packet S2,
In tooth top measuring point a, tooth at measuring point b, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point tetra- point positions of d, from the position of l=0, along axis
To one end towards mixing stator core, each axial position point l is equidistantly taken1、l2…lN, each axial direction is obtained by three-dimensional artificial
The flux density amplitude of location point, and iron core A and iron core S is obtained in the flux density amplitude of each point position by two-dimensional simulation, it calculates
Core packet A is mixed in stator core at the position measuring point i in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density difference in magnitude of iron core A
Value, and core packet S is mixed in stator core at the position measuring point i in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density of iron core S
Amplitude difference, then radial flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference functions FByi(l) respectively by formula (9)
It is characterized with formula (10):
Wherein:
pxi11、pxi21、pxi31、pxi41、qxi11、qxi21、pxi12、pxi22、pxi32、pxi42、qxi12、qxi22、pyi11、pyi21、
pyi31、pyi41、qyi11、qyi21、pyi12、pyi22、pyi32、pyi42、qyi12And qyi22It is coefficient, each coefficient is in corresponding axial direction
In section, according to the absolute value change curve of stator radial direction flux density amplitude difference, and according to the tangential flux density amplitude difference of stator
Absolute value change curve, be fitted to obtain by least square method；
In specific implementation, to promote convergence rate and guaranteeing fitting precision, by taken each axial position point l1、l2…lN's
Numerical value carries out standard deviation standardization by formula (11):
Wherein: l 'nFor the numerical value of the axial position point after standardization, wherein n=1,2 ..., N；μ1And σ1Respectively
[0,0.5(LS+LA)] between axial position point numerical value mean value and standard deviation；μ2And σ2Respectively [0.5 (LS+LA),1.5LS+
LA] between axial position point numerical value mean value and standard deviation.
By taking a mixing stator core remanufactures motor as an example, mixing stator core be by silicon steel material stator stack segment and
Amorphous alloy both materials of material stator stack segment mix superposition according to the ratio of 1:1, and silicon steel material is denoted as material S, non-
Peritectic alloy material is denoted as A, as shown in Figure 1, core packet S1 is the first silicon steel core section 11, core packet A1 is the first amorphous alloy
Core section 21, core packet S2 are the second silicon steel core section 12, and core packet A2 is the second amorphous alloy iron core section 22, and core packet S3 is the
Three silicon steel core sections 13.
As shown in Fig. 2, in motor stator tooth top, tooth, totally four exemplary positions choose measuring point for tooth root and tooth yoke, it is respectively
Measuring point b, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d in tooth top measuring point a, tooth；Measured zone where one-to-one be measured zone Ra,
Measured zone Rb, measured zone Rc and measured zone Rd；
Each axial position point l is equidistantly taken along axial direction1、l2…lN, the flux density of each axial position point is obtained by three-dimensional artificial
Amplitude, and by two-dimensional simulation obtain iron core A and iron core S each point position flux density amplitude, calculate at the position measuring point i
Core packet A is in each axial position point l in mixing stator core1、l2…lNWith the flux density amplitude difference of iron core A, and in measuring point i
At position mix stator core in core packet S in each axial position point l1、l2…lNIt is and then quasi- with the flux density amplitude difference of iron core S
It has been closed along the difference functions of axial flux density amplitude, has finally passed through the iron of entire stator when axial integral calculation empty load of motor again
Consumption.
For silicon steel, the loss factor K that is fittedhAnd KeIt is respectively as follows: Kh=177.802w/m3, Ke=0.448701w/
m3；
For amorphous: the loss factor K being fittedhAnd KeIt is respectively as follows: Kh=12.7799w/m3, Ke=0w/m3；
According to the size of stator interior flux density, constant coefficient α is taken as 2；
B is obtained by Maxwell three-dimensional artificialxmi(l), B is obtained by two-dimensional simulationA0xiAnd BS0xi, and obtained using formula (4)
Obtain radial flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l)；Tangential flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained in the same wayByi(l), such as
Shown in Fig. 3, curve a1 is the tangential flux density difference curve of tooth yoke measuring point d in Fig. 3, and curve a2 is the radial flux density of tooth root measuring point c
Difference curve, curve a3 are the radial flux density difference curve of measuring point b in tooth, and curve a4 is the tangential flux density difference of tooth root measuring point c
Curve, curve a5 are the radial flux density difference curve of tooth yoke measuring point d, and L1 is the interface of core packet S2 and core packet A2；L2 is
The interface of core packet A2 and core packet S3.
The axial length that electric machine iron core is arranged is 105mm, and the equal length of core packet S1, S2 and S3 are denoted as LS,LS=
17.5mm；The equal length of core packet A1 and A2, are denoted as LA,LA=26.25mm；Using the intermediate axial position of core packet S2 as base
Quasi- face M, i.e., on datum level M, l=0；On stator tooth top measuring point a, in tooth measuring point b, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d four
At a point position, equidistantly taken a little along axial direction every 2.5mm, total 21 axial position points are followed successively by 1.25mm, 3.75mm ...
51.25mm is obtained the flux density amplitude of each axial position point by three-dimensional artificial, and obtains motor only with iron by two-dimensional simulation
Core A and only with flux density amplitude when iron core S in each point position calculates to mix iron in stator core at the position measuring point i
Core section A is in each axial position point l1、l2…l21With the flux density amplitude difference of iron core A, and the mixing stator iron at the position measuring point i
Core packet S is in each axial position point l in core1、l2…l21With the flux density amplitude difference of iron core S；To promote convergence rate and guarantee
Fitting precision, by taken each axial position point l1、l2…l21Numerical value by formula (11) carry out standard deviation standardization:
Wherein, n=1,2 ..., 21；μ1And σ1The mean value and mark of the numerical value of axial position point respectively between [0,21.875]
It is quasi- poor, calculate to obtain μ1=11.25, σ1=6.847；μ2And σ2The numerical value of axial position point respectively between [21.875,52.5]
Mean value and standard deviation calculate to obtain μ2=37.5, σ2=9.014.
For axial position point after standard deviation standardization, what is obtained is mapped as l '1、l′2…l′21, because of magnetic at measuring point a
It is close it is complicated use mean difference, tangential flux density value is smaller thus ignore at measuring point b, then:
Formula (9) expression are as follows:
Formula (10) expression are as follows:
Coefficient pxi11、pxi21、pxi31、pxi41、qxi11And qxi21It is in axial section [0,21.875], according to stator radial direction
The absolute value change curve of flux density amplitude difference is obtained by least square fitting；
Coefficient pxi12、pxi22、pxi32、pxi42、qxi12And qxi22It is in axial section [21.875,52.5], according to stator
The absolute value change curve of radial flux density amplitude difference is obtained by least square fitting；
Coefficient pyi11、pyi21、pyi31、pyi41、qyi11And qyi21Be in axial section [0,21.875], it is tangential according to stator
The absolute value change curve of flux density amplitude difference is obtained by least square fitting；
Coefficient pyi12、pyi22、pyi32、pyi42And qyi12And qyi22It is in axial section [21.875,52.5], according to stator
The absolute value change curve of tangential flux density amplitude difference is obtained by least square fitting；
The value for each term coefficient that least square method is fitted is as shown in table 1:
Each term coefficient of 1 flux density amplitude difference functions of table
The calculated result being finally lost is as shown in table 2:
2 loss calculation result of table
The loss that the parts such as rotor, permanent magnet are had ignored in calculating, the empty load of motor total losses that emulation is obtained
86.18W subtracts the basic iron loss 59.63W of the hybrid electric motor being calculated when not correcting, obtains mixing stator in addition to basic iron loss
Other losses of motor and about 26.55W, in this, as other loss calculated result, empty load of motor loss be stator iron loss
With other loss the sum of.
The stress generated during motor actual processing has a certain impact for the loss characteristic tool of material, is lost simultaneously
The inhomogeneities etc. that stray loss and flux density are distributed in different parts is not considered when calculating, therefore calculated result is usually all partially yet
It is small, it needs to be modified using empirical coefficient K.According to design experiences, the loss correction coefficient of silicon steel material takes KS=1.27, it is non-
The loss correction COEFFICIENT K of peritectic alloy materialA=5.42, revised the results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3: revised calculated result
| Silicon steel | Amorphous | Stator is whole | |
| Mix stator computed losses/W | 73.12 | 10.40 | 83.52 |
| Single material stator computed losses/W | 67.86 | 11.46 | 79.32 |
Testing the empty load of motor loss measured is 123.27W, and the empty load of motor loss that Traditional calculating methods obtain is
105.87W, it is 110.07W that the method for the present invention, which calculates gained empty load of motor loss, and computational accuracy improves 3.4%.
For the calculating of the motor electromagnetic torque of the motor with mixing stator core:
By Maxwell three-dimensional artificial, the B in formula (8) is obtainedrkAnd Bθk；
For stator core using two kinds of material mixing, the magnetic field for causing permanent magnet to be formed generates deviation, stator interior flux density edge
Axial that uneven distribution is presented, the tangential force density of motor calculates separately under declared working condition and under peak value operating condition along axial fluctuation
The axial tangential electromagnetism force density of each position unit, and along curve circulation integral, motor is obtained in the unit of each axial position point
Electromagnetic torque, as shown in figure 4, curve b1 is unit electromagnetic torque of the motor in each axial position point, song under declared working condition in Fig. 4
Line b2 be peak value operating condition under motor each axial position point unit electromagnetic torque；Under declared working condition, silicon steel core section unit electricity
Magnetic torque mean value is 0.42Nm/mm, and amorphous alloy iron core section unit electromagnetic torque mean value is 0.37Nm/mm；Peak value operating condition
Curvilinear trend is similar with declared working condition, and the electromagnetic torque of silicon steel stator is 0.82Nm/mm, and amorphous stator is only 0.74Nm/
Mm, it can be seen that there are larger differences in axial direction for motor electromagnetic torque.To simplify the analysis, motor part position is only taken to be counted
It calculates, the unit electromagnetic torque of the entire axial position of motor is found out using symmetry, then integrate up to mixing stator motor along axial direction
Electromagnetic torque.
The method of the present invention has fully considered the influence of mixing stator iron core motor axial direction material difference, improves such motor
The accuracy that performance calculates；By construction flux density amplitude difference functions, the axial changing rule in motor flux density amplitude edge has been obtained,
And then in the theoretical basis of the existing loss of electric machine and electromagnetic torque calculation method, flux density amplitude is replaced with by constant along axis
To the flux density amplitude distribution function of change in location, it is determined that a kind of no-load loss and electromagnetism turn for mixing stator iron core motor
Square calculation method compensates for the deficiency of original loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method, can be improved motor correlation performance parameters meter
The accuracy of calculation lays the foundation to mix the extensive use of stator iron core motor.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method for considering that flux density is axially distributed, the calculation method is to be directed to
Motor with mixing stator core, the mixing stator core are to be spaced apart from each other by the core packet of two kinds of unlike materials axially
Be overrided to form, two kinds of unlike materials be denoted as material S and material A respectively, one-to-one core packet be denoted as respectively core packet S and
Core packet A, is denoted as iron core S with iron core made of single material S, is denoted as iron core A with iron core made of single material A；Its feature
It is, for the motor with mixing stator core, to calculate obtain motor stator no-load loss as follows:
Step 1: the basic iron loss P of motor is characterized by formula (1):
Wherein:
PhAnd PeThe respectively magnetic hystersis loss and eddy-current loss of motor；KhAnd KeRespectively hysteresis loss coefficient and eddy-current loss system
Number；F is alternating current frequency；BmFor flux density amplitude；α is constant coefficient；
Step 2: for alternation and rotary magnetization is existed simultaneously in motor, basic iron loss P is expressed as formula (2):
Wherein: BxmFor radial flux density amplitude；BymFor tangential flux density amplitude；
Step 3: for have mixing stator core motor, the basic iron loss P that will be characterized by formula (2) by axial position l into
Row amendment, obtains each measuring point loss density function of stator characterized by formula (3):
Pi(l)=Khf(Bxmi(l)α+Bymi(l)α)+Kef2(Bxmi(l)2+Bymi(l)2) (3)
Wherein:
PiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial loss density function；
BxmiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial radial flux density amplitude distribution function；
BymiIt (l) is at the position measuring point i along axial tangential flux density amplitude distribution function；
Measuring point is characterized with i, i=a, b, c, d refer to that the measuring point i is tooth top measuring point a in stator, measuring point b, tooth in tooth respectively
Root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measuring points；
Step 4: by Bxmi(l) formula (4) are expressed as:
Wherein:
BA0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core A at the position measuring point i；
BS0xiRefer to radial flux density amplitude of the iron core S at the position measuring point i；
FBxiIt (l) is mixing stator core and the radial flux density difference in magnitude between corresponding iron core A or iron core S at the position measuring point i
Value function；
B is obtained by emulationxmi(l), BA0xiAnd BS0xi, radial flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained using formula (4)Bxi(l)；
Tangential flux density amplitude difference functions F is obtained in the same wayByi(l)；
Step 5: being calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4) and obtain each measuring point flux density loss density function P of statori(l)；Finally by formula (5)
Calculate the no-load loss P for obtaining hybrid electric motor stator0:
SjFor the area of stator difference measured zone；Measured zone is characterized with j, j=Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd refer to the measured zone
J is the measured zone Ra centered on tooth top measuring point a, the measured zone Rb centered on measuring point b in tooth respectively, with tooth root measuring point
Measured zone Rc centered on the c and measured zone Rd centered on tooth yoke measuring point d totally four measured zones；
For the motor with mixing stator core, calculates obtain motor electromagnetic torque as follows:
Step a: the tangential electromagnetic force density f of motortIt is characterized by formula (6):
Wherein: μ0For air permeability；BnFor radial air gap flux density；BtFor tangential air gap flux density；
Step b: the electromagnetic torque T of motoremIt is to be generated by tangential force, is characterized by formula (7):
Wherein: LFeFor electric machine iron core length；R is any circumference radius in air gap；BrAnd BθAir gap at respectively air gap radius r
The radially and tangentially component of flux density；θ is the mechanical radian of domain；
Then, for the motor with mixing stator core, the electromagnetic torque T for obtaining motor is calculated by formula (8)mix:
Wherein: BrkAnd BθkRespectively when axial l takes k-th of axial position point air gap flux density radially and tangentially component.
2. the empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method according to claim 1 for considering that flux density is axially distributed,
It is characterized in: the radial direction flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference functions FByiIt (l) is as follows
It obtains:
Setting: each core packet of the mixing stator core from one end to the other end is followed successively by S1, A1, S2, A2 and S3, and totally five sections, base
In the symmetry of motor axial arrangement, the axial position l of each measuring point on the axial mid-section of core packet S2 is taken as 0, in tooth
In top measuring point a, tooth at each point position of measuring point b, tooth root measuring point c and tooth yoke measuring point d, from the position of l=0, axially towards
To one end of mixing stator core, each axial position point l is equidistantly taken1、l2…lN, each axial position is obtained by three-dimensional artificial
The flux density amplitude of point, and iron core A and iron core S is obtained in the flux density amplitude of each point position by two-dimensional simulation, it calculates surveying
At the position point i mix stator core in core packet A in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density amplitude difference of iron core A, with
And core packet S is mixed in stator core at the position measuring point i in each axial position point l1、l2…lNWith the flux density difference in magnitude of iron core S
It is worth, then radial flux density amplitude difference functions FBxi(l) and tangential flux density amplitude difference functions FByi(l) respectively by formula (9) and formula
(10) it is characterized:
Wherein:
pxi11、pxi21、pxi31、pxi41、qxi11、qxi21、pxi12、pxi22、pxi32、pxi42、qxi12、qxi22、pyi11、pyi21、pyi31、
pyi41、qyi11、qyi21、pyi12、pyi22、pyi32、pyi42、qyi12And qyi22It is coefficient, each coefficient is in corresponding axial section
It is interior, according to the absolute value change curve of stator radial direction flux density amplitude difference, and according to the exhausted of the tangential flux density amplitude difference of stator
To value change curve, it is fitted to obtain by least square method.
3. the empty load of motor loss and electromagnetic torque calculation method according to claim 2 for considering that flux density is axially distributed,
It is characterized in:
To promote convergence rate and guaranteeing fitting precision, by taken each axial position point l1、l2…lNNumerical value by formula (11) carry out
Standard deviation standardization:
Wherein: l'nFor the numerical value of the axial position point after standardization, wherein n=1,2 ..., N；μ1And σ1Respectively [0,0.5
(LS+LA)] between axial position point numerical value mean value and standard deviation；μ2And σ2Respectively [0.5 (LS+LA),1.5LS+LA] between
The mean value and standard deviation of the numerical value of axial position point.
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