CN110374618B - Disk-shaped hob ring with tooth grinding structure imitation and design method thereof - Google Patents

Disk-shaped hob ring with tooth grinding structure imitation and design method thereof Download PDF

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CN110374618B
CN110374618B CN201910747053.2A CN201910747053A CN110374618B CN 110374618 B CN110374618 B CN 110374618B CN 201910747053 A CN201910747053 A CN 201910747053A CN 110374618 B CN110374618 B CN 110374618B
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section
half part
dog
cutter ring
hob
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CN110374618A (en
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郑靖
周仲荣
吴志鑫
杨丹
雷磊
聂佳辉
蒋烁
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

A disk cutter ring of a simulated tooth grinding structure, the cross section of the cutter ring consists of a left half part and a right half part which are symmetrical in shape, and the right half part is shaped as follows: the closed graph is formed by sequentially connecting an oblique right upper straight line section, an outward convex arc section or transition curve section, a vertical lower section, an oblique left lower straight line section, a right left horizontal section and a bottom up vertical section end to end; the included angle between the oblique left upper straight line section and the oblique right upper straight line section in the left half part and the right half part, namely the inner taper angle phi, ranges from 90 degrees to 150 degrees, the radius r of the two outer convex arc sections in the left half part and the right half part ranges from 10 mm to 20mm, and the distance b1 between the two circles ranges from 15mm to 30 mm. The method selects the dog molars as the biological prototype on the basis of engineering bionics, simulates geometrical characteristic parameters of the occlusion function of the dog molars, and applies the geometrical characteristic parameters to the design of the TMB hob ring.

Description

Disk-shaped hob ring with tooth grinding structure imitation and design method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine cutter manufacturing, in particular to a hob cutter ring of a tunnel boring machine and a design method thereof.
Background
The TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine, which refers to a Tunnel Boring Machine used for rock formation) mainly relies on the rolling rock breaking behavior of the hob to perform tunneling operation, and the tunneling speed and the tunneling cost are closely related to the rock breaking efficiency and the wear resistance of the hob. The hob comprises parts such as a cutter ring, a hob body and a shaft, wherein the cutter ring is a key part for crushing rock mass and realizing tunneling. When the TBM works, the hob ring penetrates into the rock under the action of propelling force and rolls under the action of the rotating torque of the cutterhead, so that compressive stress, tensile stress, shearing stress and the like are generated on the rock, and the rock is broken by rolling. Due to the fact that the abrasiveness of the rock face is extremely strong, high-stress rolling type abrasive wear occurs to the hob ring in the rock breaking process, and the hob ring is seriously worn and is frequently replaced.
The wear resistance and rock breaking efficiency of the disc cutter depend not only on the material properties of the cutter ring, but also on the cross-sectional shape of the cutter ring. The existing disk cutter has the cross section shape design, so that the tensile stress of the disk cutter cannot be expanded to the lateral direction as much as possible in the rock breaking process of rolling, the rock breaking efficiency of the disk cutter is low, the rolling frequency of the disk cutter on a tunnel face is increased, and the abrasion frequency is increased.
The cutting edge of the existing hob is perpendicular to the action surface, so that in the rolling process, the tensile stress is not expanded to the two sides to the maximum extent, which causes the hob to have low rock breaking efficiency, and the rolling period of the working face (the working face is also called working face in tunnel construction), namely the working face which is continuously pushed forward in the excavation of tunnels such as coal mining, mining or tunnel engineering, is prolonged, which causes the cutter ring to be seriously worn and frequently replaced. In the existing TBM construction, the cost for cutters accounts for 1/3 of the total cost, and the cutter changing process is very dangerous and easy to happen accidents.
Chinese patent documents are disclosed as follows:
document one, "a variable wear resistance shield machine hob ring" (CN 201720412020.9): the outer edge of the cutter ring is radially provided with an annular mountain-shaped groove, the left side and the right side of the groove are both embedded with hard alloy rings, and the center of the groove is embedded with a medium hard alloy ring.
Document two, "a design method of a disc hob ring" (CN 103982193A): the spiral arc tooth grooves are formed in the outer circumference of the cutter ring to form a plurality of field cloth cutting teeth, digging control force and extrusion force are generated during working, and lateral force is generated in the lateral direction, so that rock crushing is facilitated.
The documents lack the specific design of the cutter ring shape in the theoretical and practical aspects, and the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter ring is yet to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a disc-shaped hob ring with a grinding tooth imitating structure aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, and aims to provide an outward-expanding double-arc-shaped structure on the circular hob ring so as to reduce the abrasion of a hob, prolong the service life and improve the rock breaking efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a imitative disc cutter ring of grinding tooth structure, the characteristic, cutter ring cross section comprises the left half and the right half of shape symmetry, and this right half shape is: the closed graph is formed by sequentially connecting an oblique right upper straight line section, an outward convex arc section or transition curve section, a vertical lower section, an oblique left lower straight line section, a right left horizontal section and a bottom up vertical section end to end; the included angle between the oblique left upper straight line section and the oblique right upper straight line section in the left half part and the right half part, namely the inner taper angle phi, ranges from 90 degrees to 150 degrees, the radius r of the two outer convex arc sections in the left half part and the right half part ranges from 10 mm to 20mm, and the distance b1 between the two circles ranges from 15mm to 30 mm.
The distance from the circle center of the outer convex arc-shaped section in the right half part to the horizontal section from right to left is equal to R2-R1, wherein the inner diameter R1 of the hob takes the value of the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the bottom surface of the cutter ring, and the base radius R2 of the hob takes the value of the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the connecting line of the two circle centers of the two outer convex arc-shaped sections in the left half part and the right half part.
The cutter ring is for marble cutter ring, and its specific size is: Φ =110 °, R =15mm, b1=40mm, R1=143mm, R2=201 mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of designing the above hob cutter.
Another object of the invention is achieved by: a design method of a disc cutter ring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring point cloud data of the complete dog molar surface through a three-dimensional laser scanner; the dog molars are dog molars with adult characteristics and sufficiently well developed;
(2) preprocessing a large amount of point cloud data acquired in the step 1 through Geomagic software: aligning, merging, removing noise, simplifying and preprocessing data, and eliminating redundant or wrong data captured during scanning; packaging the preprocessed point cloud data, and creating a molar polygon model: carrying out polygonal processing on the curved sheet by detecting contour lines and curvature thereof, and converting the polygonal model of the molar into an ideal curved model to establish a three-dimensional entity model of the dog molar; the reconstruction size error of the established dog molar polygonal model is less than 0.05 mm;
(3) carrying out simulation analysis on the process of biting the bone by the dog molars to determine the working part-dental crown double-peak characteristic of the dog molars in the process of biting the bone;
(4) extracting size parameters of the double-peak characteristic of the dental crown of the dog molar, carrying out analog optimization on the size parameters and a bionic application object, and optimizing the structure of the cutter ring of the disc cutter by adopting a double-peak geometric form; controlling the matching of the rock breaking working surface of the hob to different rocks by using the V-shaped inner cone angle phi; controlling the available abrasion amount of the hob by using the center distance b1 of the double edges based on the parameters;
(5) reasonably selecting the dog molar peak-shaped characteristic dimension parameter level obtained in the step (4) according to a design principle and an actual processing condition, and designing a corresponding orthogonal test scheme; the characteristic size parameters of the dental crown model comprise a V-shaped inner taper angle phi, an arc-shaped edge radius r and a double-edge center distance b1, wherein the optimization range of the size parameters is as follows: the inner cone angle phi takes 90 degrees to 150 degrees; the radius r of the arc-shaped blade ranges from 10 to 20; the value range of the double-edge center distance b1 is 15-30; on the basis, an orthogonal test scheme is designed by using a mixed orthogonal table; and finally, taking the tensile stress distribution and the acting stress obtained by finite element analysis software as evaluation criteria for checking the optimization effect of the design to obtain the optimal bionic parameter optimization combination.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the rock breaking efficiency is effectively improved:
when the TBM is excavated, the cutter group continuously rolls and rolls the rock on the excavation face along with the rotation and the propulsion of the cutter head so as to generate a continuously diffused damage area. The zone edge develops an initial crack and propagates rapidly. One or more cracks extend to a free surface under the action of the cutters or are intersected with cracks generated by adjacent cutters to cause rock mass to be crushed. Therefore, the larger the tensile stress distributed in the lateral direction and the radial direction, the more obvious the crack intersection effect caused by rolling of the hob is, and the more easily the rock is stripped in a block shape, and due to the outward-expanding double-arc structure of the cross section design, the tensile stress can be expanded to two sides of the rolling part in the rolling process of the hob, so that the rock stripping is more easily caused, and the rock breaking efficiency is effectively improved (see figure 1 and figure 2, wherein in the figure, the pressure head is 1, the compact core is 2, the middle crack is 3, the lateral crack is 4, the radial crack is 5, the crushing area is 6, the block fragment is 7, the transition area is 8, and the
2. Through the evolution of hundreds of millions of years, organisms have evolved into optimized geometric shapes step by step through the superior and inferior self and outside evolution, and animals including teeth eat organs and have excellent biomechanical functions. For example, the dog molars can effectively crush the occlusal bone under the driving of muscles in a complex oral environment, and the teeth of the dog still keep good geometric characteristics and are hardly damaged, so that a bionic research basis is provided for the optimization of geometric parameters and mechanical properties of TBM hob rings.
The invention is based on the engineering bionics theory, selects dog molars as a biological prototype, extracts the main geometric characteristic parameters of the function of the dog molars to bite bone, and applies the parameters to the bionic design of the TBM hob ring working surface, thereby designing the disc hob with the geometric structural characteristics of the dog molars, and effectively improving the working efficiency and the service life of rock breaking by TBM.
The invention aims at the problems that the existing disc cutter is low in rock breaking efficiency and easy to grind but not broken, and provides a disc cutter which can improve the distribution condition of lateral tensile stress of the disc cutter on the basis of the existing disc cutter so as to increase the probability that cracks of adjacent cutters are intersected and block-shaped spalled rocks are generated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of rock cracking during penetration of a hob ring into the rock under the thrust force.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of rock fractures caused by the convergence of rock cracks during the penetration of two roller cutters into the rock. (in the figure, S is the distance between the blades between the two hobs)
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the hob ring of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the hob ring shown in fig. 3.
Detailed Description
Fig. 3 and 4 show a disk cutter ring with a tooth grinding structure, which is characterized in that the cross section of a circular ring cutter ring is composed of a left half part and a right half part which are symmetrical in shape, and the right half part is in the shape of: the closed graph is formed by sequentially connecting an oblique right upper straight line section, an outward convex arc section or transition curve section, a vertical lower section, an oblique left lower straight line section, a right left horizontal section and a bottom up vertical section end to end; the included angle between the oblique left upper straight line section and the oblique right upper straight line section in the left half part and the right half part, namely the inner taper angle phi, ranges from 90 degrees to 150 degrees, the radius r of the two outer convex arc sections in the left half part and the right half part ranges from 10 mm to 20mm, and the distance b1 between the two circles ranges from 15mm to 30 mm. The left half part is shaped as; the closed graph is formed by sequentially connecting an obliquely upward left upper straight line section, an outward convex arc section or a transition curve section, a vertically downward section, an obliquely rightward lower straight line section, a leftward horizontal section, a rightward horizontal section and a downward vertical section from bottom to top end.
The hob cross-section design of the present invention is based on the dog molar crown shape.
The section blade consists of two arc blades, and the blade part and the vertical direction form a certain included angle.
For this section, the present invention proposes crown shape parameters to design this section.
R1-inside diameter of hob;
r2-hob base circle radius (the starting point is the same as the R1 starting point, namely the circle center of the cutter ring, and the dead point is the intersection point of the connecting lines of the two circle centers of the double edges);
b 1-two-edge center distance;
r 1-radius of circular arc edge;
phi-inner cone angle;
the distance from the circle center of the outer convex arc section in the right half to the horizontal section from right to left is equal to R2-R1, wherein the inner diameter R1 of the hob is the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the bottom surface of the cutter ring, the base radius R2 of the hob is the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the connecting line of the two circle centers of the two outer convex arc sections in the left half and the right half, and the bottom surface of the cutter ring is the inner side surface of the cutter ring.
The double-arc edge of the flaring (the arc edge of the flaring with a certain angle is not limited to an arc, the arc is a shape which is helpful for understanding, and the invention content includes other transition curves which are beneficial to the distribution of tensile stress to two sides in the process of the hob invading rock and rolling); the inner cone structure is used for matching geological conditions through an inner cone angle phi, and different phi angles are matched with different geology. Because of the expanded arc edge, the tensile stress distribution can be improved, the crack intersection is promoted, and the rock can be stripped in a blocky mode at a higher probability; inner taper angle of the double-arc blade: the adaptability of the hob to different rocks can be improved by changing the inner cone angle (the hob is used for soft rocks under the condition of small inner cone angle, and is used for hard rocks under the condition of large inner cone angle); due to the inner cone angle, the sharpness of the cutting edge of the hob is relatively adjustable.
A bionic design method of a hob ring based on dog molar geometrical characteristics comprises the following steps:
1. acquiring point cloud data of the surface of a complete dog molar;
2. the method comprises the steps of 1, acquiring a plurality of point cloud data, aligning, merging, removing noise, simplifying the data and the like of the point cloud data acquired in the step 1, eliminating redundant or wrong data captured in scanning, packaging the point cloud data after preprocessing, creating a molar polygon model, performing polygonization processing such as triangle deletion, smooth curved surface, filling hole and edge repair technology and the like to obtain the molar polygon model with good quality, and performing processing such as curved surface sheet construction, curved surface sheet loosening, curved surface sheet moving and the like on the curved surface sheet by detecting contour lines and curvature of the curved surface sheet to convert the molar polygon model into an ideal curved surface model and establish a three-dimensional entity model of the dog molar.
3. Carrying out simulation analysis on the process of biting the bone by the dog molars to determine the working part-dental crown double-peak characteristic of the dog molars in the process of biting the bone;
4. extracting size parameters of the double-peak characteristic of the dental crown of the dog molar, carrying out analogy optimization on the size parameters and a bionic application object, and optimizing the structure of a disc cutter ring by adopting a double-peak geometric form;
5. and (4) reasonably selecting the peak-shaped characteristic dimension parameter level of the dog molars obtained in the step (4) according to a design principle and an actual processing condition, and designing a corresponding orthogonal test scheme.
The dog molars in the step 1 are the dog molars which have adult characteristics and are well developed;
and 2, processing point cloud data and reconstructing a curved surface, wherein the reconstruction size error of the built bovine molar dentition model is less than 0.05mm.
In the step 4, in the bionic optimization of the disc cutter, the tensile stress distribution condition of the cutter ring is optimized by adopting a double-peak geometric form; controlling the matching of the rock breaking working face of the hob to different rocks by using the V-shaped inner cone angle; based on the above parameters, the center distance of the double edges is used to control the available abrasion amount of the hob.
In step 5, the characteristic dimension parameters of the dental crown model comprise a V-shaped inner taper angle phi, an arc-shaped edge radius r and a double-edge center distance b1And the optimization range of the size parameters is as follows: the inner cone angle takes 90 degrees to 150 degrees; the radius of the arc-shaped blade ranges from 10 mm to 20 mm; the value range of the double-edge center distance b1 is 15-30 mm; on the basis, an orthogonal test scheme is designed by using a mixed orthogonal table.
And 5, taking the tensile stress distribution and the acting stress obtained by the finite element analysis software as evaluation criteria for checking the optimization effect of the design, and obtaining the optimal bionic parameter optimization combination.
In the embodiment, a 17-inch disk-shaped hob ring is adopted for marble, phi =110 degrees, R =15mm, b1=40mm, R1=143mm and R2=201mm, and the effect of breaking rocks is optimal.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a imitative disc cutter ring of grinding tooth structure which characterized in that, ring shape cutter ring cross section comprises the left half and the right half of shape symmetry, and this right half shape is: the closed graph is formed by sequentially connecting an oblique right upper straight line section, an outward convex arc section or transition curve section, a vertical lower section, an oblique left lower straight line section, a right left horizontal section and a bottom up vertical section end to end; an included angle between the oblique left upper straight line section and the oblique right upper straight line section in the left half part and the right half part, namely an inner taper angle phi, ranges from 90 degrees to 150 degrees, the radius r of the two outer convex arc sections in the left half part and the right half part ranges from 10 mm to 20mm, and the distance b1 between the two circles ranges from 15mm to 30 mm;
the distance from the circle center of the outer convex arc-shaped section in the right half part to the horizontal section from right to left is equal to R2-R1, wherein the inner diameter R1 of the hob is the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the bottom surface of the cutter ring, and the base radius R2 of the hob is the distance from the circle center of the cutter ring to the connecting line of the two circle centers of the two outer convex arc-shaped sections in the left half part and the right half part.
2. The cutter ring of a disc cutter with a tooth grinding imitating structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutter ring is a marble cutter ring, and the specific dimensions are as follows: phi is 110 degrees, R is 15mm, b1 is 40mm, R1 is 143mm, and R2 is 201 mm.
3. A method of designing a disc cutter ring according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring point cloud data of the complete dog molar surface through a three-dimensional laser scanner; the dog molars are dog molars with adult characteristics and sufficiently well developed;
(2) preprocessing a large amount of point cloud data acquired in the step 1 through Geomagic software: aligning, merging, removing noise, simplifying and preprocessing data, and eliminating redundant or wrong data captured during scanning; packaging the preprocessed point cloud data, and creating a molar polygon model: obtaining a grinding tooth polygonal model with good quality through polygonal processing of triangle deletion, smooth curved surface, filling hole and edge repairing technology; constructing a curved sheet, loosening the curved sheet and moving the curved sheet by detecting the contour line and the curvature of the contour line, converting a polygonal model of the molar into an ideal curved model, and establishing a three-dimensional entity model of the dog molar; the reconstruction size error of the established dog molar polygonal model is less than 0.05 mm;
(3) carrying out simulation analysis on the process of biting the bone by the dog molars to determine the working part-dental crown double-peak characteristic of the dog molars in the process of biting the bone;
(4) extracting size parameters of the double-peak characteristic of the dental crown of the dog molar, carrying out analog optimization on the size parameters and a bionic application object, and optimizing the structure of the cutter ring of the disc cutter by adopting a double-peak geometric form; controlling the matching of the rock breaking working surface of the hob to different rocks by using the V-shaped inner cone angle phi; controlling the available abrasion amount of the hob by using the center distance b1 of the double edges based on the parameters;
(5) reasonably selecting the dog molar peak-shaped characteristic dimension parameter level obtained in the step (4) according to a design principle and an actual processing condition, and designing a corresponding orthogonal test scheme; the characteristic size parameters of the dental crown model comprise a V-shaped inner taper angle phi, an arc-shaped edge radius r and a double-edge center distance b1, wherein the optimization range of the size parameters is as follows: the inner cone angle phi takes 90 degrees to 150 degrees; the radius r of the arc-shaped blade ranges from 10 to 20; the value range of the double-edge center distance b1 is 15-30; on the basis, an orthogonal test scheme is designed by using a mixed orthogonal table; and finally, taking the tensile stress distribution and the acting stress obtained by finite element analysis software as evaluation criteria for checking the optimization effect of the design to obtain the optimal bionic parameter optimization combination.
CN201910747053.2A 2019-08-14 2019-08-14 Disk-shaped hob ring with tooth grinding structure imitation and design method thereof Active CN110374618B (en)

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CN112861391B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-09-16 西南交通大学 Bionic design method for hammer structure of crusher

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US4298080A (en) * 1977-05-25 1981-11-03 Secretary Of State For Transport In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Rock cutting tools
CN102587927A (en) * 2012-03-14 2012-07-18 中交天和机械设备制造有限公司 Multi-edge flange-type hob
CN104265320A (en) * 2014-10-16 2015-01-07 山东天工岩土工程设备有限公司 Core bag structure hobbing cutter, and use method as well as application thereof
JP2018021367A (en) * 2016-08-03 2018-02-08 株式会社奥村組 Roller cutter for drilling machine, and drilling machine with the same
CN208267853U (en) * 2018-05-27 2018-12-21 中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司 A kind of three sword shield hobboing cutter of integral type

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0767675B2 (en) * 1988-03-24 1995-07-26 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Round blade tool for cutting
JPH0748989A (en) * 1993-08-10 1995-02-21 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Mounting method for roller cutter of shield machine
JP2922836B2 (en) * 1995-02-23 1999-07-26 川崎重工業株式会社 Mounting method of cutter ring of tunnel excavator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4298080A (en) * 1977-05-25 1981-11-03 Secretary Of State For Transport In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Rock cutting tools
CN102587927A (en) * 2012-03-14 2012-07-18 中交天和机械设备制造有限公司 Multi-edge flange-type hob
CN104265320A (en) * 2014-10-16 2015-01-07 山东天工岩土工程设备有限公司 Core bag structure hobbing cutter, and use method as well as application thereof
JP2018021367A (en) * 2016-08-03 2018-02-08 株式会社奥村組 Roller cutter for drilling machine, and drilling machine with the same
CN208267853U (en) * 2018-05-27 2018-12-21 中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司 A kind of three sword shield hobboing cutter of integral type

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