CN110372061B - Composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110372061B CN110372061B CN201910596277.8A CN201910596277A CN110372061B CN 110372061 B CN110372061 B CN 110372061B CN 201910596277 A CN201910596277 A CN 201910596277A CN 110372061 B CN110372061 B CN 110372061B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- -1 alkyl betaine Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite water treatment agent for treating industrial waste acid, which comprises the following components: carbide slag, shell powder, plant ash, polyacrylamide, alkyl betaine, quaternary ammonium salt, a coupling agent, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium stearate and polyethylene wax. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparation of modified plant ash: alkalizing the plant ash by using a sodium hydroxide solution to remove impurities, and then uniformly stirring the plant ash and a coupling agent to prepare modified plant ash; secondly, pretreatment of the mixed materials: calcining carbide slag and shell powder at high temperature, and then stirring and mixing the calcined carbide slag, the shell powder, sodium stearate, polyethylene wax and a coupling agent to prepare a pretreated mixed material; preparing a composite water treatment medicament: and stirring and reacting the prepared modified plant ash and the prepared pretreatment mixed material with polyacrylamide, quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl betaine and sodium lignosulfonate, drying, and grinding to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial waste acid treatment, and particularly relates to a composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In chemical industrial production, it is generally necessary to use acids as a reaction raw material, a medium, or a catalyst, and after the reaction, a large amount of industrial waste acid is generally generated after washing with water. Such as titanium dioxide produced by a sulfuric acid process, waste sulfuric acid produced by a hydrometallurgy (electrolysis) industry, and waste electrolyte; titanium tetrachloride, titanium white chloride, titanium sponge and waste hydrochloric acid in chlor-alkali industry; waste sulfuric acid, waste sulfuric acid/hydrochloric acid mixed acid and waste hydrochloric acid/waste nitric acid mixed acid produced in the electroplating and pickling links in the industries of stainless steel, steel and aluminum foil; waste phosphoric acid produced by the phosphating industry, and the like. The industrial waste acid contains free acid and metal salts with higher concentration, thus causing great threat to the environment. Meanwhile, due to the existence of a large amount of metal salts in the industrial waste acid, the difficulty of directly recycling the metal salts in the industrial waste acid and the waste acid is high.
The prior mature treatment process of industrial waste acid comprises the following steps: 1) neutralization method: adding an alkaline substance into the waste acid liquid for acid-base neutralization, adjusting the pH of the neutralized liquid to 6-9, introducing air for forced aeration if necessary, improving the coagulation speed and structure of neutralized precipitates, performing solid-liquid separation on the neutralized slurry, feeding filter residues into a slag yard for stacking, and discharging the filtrate after reaching the standard. 2) Waste acid concentration method: the waste acid liquid is concentrated by adopting a traditional heating evaporation process, along with the increase of the concentration and the temperature of the waste acid, the reduction of the solubility of a large amount of metal salts in the waste acid in acid can be crystallized and separated out, the metal salts crystallized and separated out are removed through necessary solid-liquid separation after the waste acid is concentrated to a certain concentration, the concentrated acid with a certain concentration is obtained, most of the metal salts in the acid are removed, and the concentrated acid can be returned to a factory to be matched with fresh acid for use. 3) Three diffusion dialysis membrane methods are provided.
The prior waste acid treatment method mainly adopts an acid-base neutralization method, but the method needs to consume the same amount of alkali in the waste acid treatment. At present, most of the waste acid treatment methods still use a single alkali treatment agent, the single treatment agent is large in usage amount, a certain amount of other impurities are generated in the treatment process, toxic machines such as heavy metal salts in the waste acid cannot be well removed, the industrial waste acid needs to be treated step by step, the treatment method is complex, and more manpower, financial resources and material resources need to be consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite water treatment agent for treating industrial waste acid and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of high alkali substance consumption, unsatisfactory treatment effect of the industrial waste acid and the like in an acid-base neutralization treatment method for the industrial waste acid.
The scheme of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of carbide slag, 16-20 parts of shell powder, 14-16 parts of plant ash, 14-16 parts of polyacrylamide, 6-8 parts of alkyl betaine, 2-3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, 6-8 parts of a coupling agent, 4-5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 4-6 parts of sodium stearate and 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax.
As a further description of the invention, the coupling agent is one or a combination of more than two of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent and aluminate coupling agent.
As a further illustration of the invention, the quaternary ammonium salt is one or a combination of two of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
A method for preparing a composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment, comprising the following steps:
step one), preparation of modified plant ash: adding 14-16 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 60-90 min at the temperature of 200-250 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 50-55 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into powder of 40-60 meshes, and uniformly stirring with 1-2 parts of a coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two) pretreatment of the mixed material: uniformly mixing 18-20 parts of carbide slag and 16-20 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining at 400-500 ℃ for 4-5 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing into powder of 40-60 meshes, and adding 4-6 parts of sodium stearate, 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax and 5-6 parts of a coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment medicament: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 14-16 parts of polyacrylamide, 2-3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, 6-8 parts of alkyl betaine and 4-5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring and reacting for 20-30 min at a stirring speed of 400-600 r/min, drying, and grinding into powder of 100-200 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
the plant ash used in the invention is loose and porous, the pores of the internal structure in the plant ash can be increased after the plant ash is alkalized by a sodium hydroxide solution, the capacity of the plant ash for adsorbing other impurities in industrial waste acid is improved, the surface energy of the plant ash can be reduced after the plant ash is acted by a coupling agent, and the compatibility of the plant ash with raw materials such as carbide slag is improved; after the carbide slag and the shell powder are calcined at the high temperature of 400-500 ℃, the possessed pores are firmer and are not easy to collapse, and the adsorption effect is favorably improved; after the calcium carbide slag and the shell powder are acted by sodium stearate, polyethylene wax and a coupling agent, the surface energy of the calcium carbide slag and the shell powder can be reduced, and the composite compatibility of the calcium carbide slag and the shell powder with raw materials such as plant ash and polyacrylamide is promoted; the plant ash, the carbide slag and the shell powder are respectively modified and pretreated, and the modification and pretreatment are respectively carried out according to the properties of the plant ash, the carbide slag and the shell powder, so that the plant ash, the carbide slag and the shell powder can have greater effect, the treatment effect of the composite water treatment agent is improved, and the use amount is reduced; the composite water treatment agent is prepared by mixing a mixed material consisting of modified plant ash, pretreated carbide slag, shell powder and the like, polyacrylamide, quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl betaine and sodium lignosulfonate in a high-speed mixer, and under the action of a coupling agent, sodium stearate, polyethylene wax and sodium lignosulfonate, the compatibility among the plant ash, the carbide slag, the shell powder and the polyacrylamide can be promoted, so that the stability of the prepared composite water treatment agent is improved.
The plant ash, the carbide slag and the shell powder are alkaline substances, have larger specific surface area and more pore structures, have more active sites on the surface and have stronger adsorption capacity, can be subjected to acid-base neutralization with acid substances in industrial waste acid to form salt substances, can be separated from a medium solution under the flocculation effect of polyacrylamide, and can be removed after being filtered to achieve the waste acid purification treatment effect; in addition, heavy metal substances and suspended particles in the industrial waste acid can be adsorbed; the added sodium stearate and polyethylene wax have a certain lubricating effect and can promote the compatibility between the carbide slag and the shell powder and other raw material components; the sodium stearate is alkaline in the water solution by hydrolysis, so that the degradation of waste acid can be promoted; the added sodium lignosulfonate has strong dispersibility, can promote the compatibility of various components of the raw materials, has good chelating capacity for heavy metals, and promotes the adsorption of the composite water treatment agent on the heavy metals in the industrial waste acid; the added quaternary ammonium salt and alkyl betaine have good bactericidal effect, and can effectively kill microorganisms contained in the industrial waste acid, so that the treated waste acid sewage is safer.
The invention has the following good effects:
1. the industrial wastewater composite water treatment agent prepared by the invention has stable performance, easy control of neutralization reaction, good solid-liquid separation performance and easy removal, can effectively remove suspended matters and heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater, and has good effluent quality.
2. After the industrial waste acid is treated, the discharge of toxic and harmful substances in the industrial waste acid can be reduced, the water body and the surrounding environment are protected, and the environment benefit is obvious.
3. The composite water treatment agent is used for treating industrial waste acid, the pH value of the waste water is changed from the original 2.4 to 7.0-8.0, the chemical oxygen demand in the treated water is 75.61-81.22 mg/L, the biological oxygen demand is 21.43-23.42 mg/L, the suspended matter content is 20.60-21.71 mg/L, the total chromium (calculated by Cr) content is mg/L, the total cadmium (calculated by Cd) content is 0.03-0.05 mg/L, the total arsenic (calculated by As) content is 0.28-0.44 mg/L, and the fluorine content is 0.26-0.38 mg/L.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the composite water treatment medicament in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of carbide slag, 16 parts of shell powder, 14 parts of plant ash, 14 parts of polyacrylamide, 6 parts of alkyl betaine, 2 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, 6 parts of a coupling agent, 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 4 parts of sodium stearate and 3 parts of polyethylene wax.
The method for preparing the composite water treatment agent for treating the industrial waste acid in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step one), preparing modified plant ash: adding 14 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 60min at the temperature of 200 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 50 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, and uniformly stirring with 1 part of silane coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two), pretreatment of mixed materials: uniformly mixing 18 parts of carbide slag and 16 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining at 400 ℃ for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, and adding 4 parts of sodium stearate, 3 parts of polyethylene wax and 5 parts of titanate coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 14 parts of polyacrylamide, 2 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, 6 parts of alkyl betaine and 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring at the stirring speed of 400r/min for reacting for 20min, drying, and grinding into powder of 100 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
Example 2:
the composite water treatment medicament in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of carbide slag, 20 parts of shell powder, 16 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of polyacrylamide, 8 parts of alkyl betaine, 3 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 8 parts of a coupling agent, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 6 parts of sodium stearate and 5 parts of polyethylene wax.
The method for preparing the composite water treatment agent for treating the industrial waste acid in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step one), preparation of modified plant ash: adding 16 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 90min at 250 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at 55 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into 60-mesh powder, and uniformly stirring with 2 parts of titanate coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two) pretreatment of the mixed material: uniformly mixing 20 parts of carbide slag and 20 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining the mixture at 500 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, crushing the mixture into powder of 60 meshes, and then adding 6 parts of sodium stearate, 5 parts of polyethylene wax and 6 parts of titanate coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 16 parts of polyacrylamide, 3 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 8 parts of alkyl betaine and 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring at the stirring speed of 600r/min for reaction for 30min, drying, and grinding into powder of 200 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
Example 3:
the composite water treatment medicament in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18.5 parts of carbide slag, 19 parts of shell powder, 14.5 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 7 parts of alkyl betaine, 2.5 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, 7.5 parts of coupling agent, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 4.5 parts of sodium stearate and 3.5 parts of polyethylene wax.
The method for preparing the composite water treatment agent for treating the industrial waste acid in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step one), preparation of modified plant ash: adding 14.5 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 70min at 230 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at 52 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into 45-mesh powder, and uniformly stirring with 1.5 parts of an aluminate coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two) pretreatment of the mixed material: uniformly mixing 18.5 parts of carbide slag and 19 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining at the temperature of 420 ℃ for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing into powder of 45 meshes, and then adding 4.5 parts of sodium stearate, 3.5 parts of polyethylene wax and 6 parts of titanate coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 2.5 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, 7 parts of alkyl betaine and 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring at the stirring speed of 500r/min for 25min, drying, and grinding into powder of 150 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
Example 4:
the composite water treatment medicament in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 19 parts of carbide slag, 17 parts of shell powder, 15.5 parts of plant ash, 14.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 6.5 parts of alkyl betaine, 3 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 6.5 parts of a coupling agent, 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 6 parts of sodium stearate and 3 parts of polyethylene wax.
The method for preparing the composite water treatment agent for treating the industrial waste acid in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step one), preparation of modified plant ash: adding 15.5 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 80min at the temperature of 210 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 54 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into 50-mesh powder, and uniformly stirring with 1.5 parts of a coupling agent consisting of a silane coupling agent and an aluminate coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two), pretreatment of mixed materials: uniformly mixing 19 parts of carbide slag and 17 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining the mixture at 480 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, crushing the mixture into 50-mesh powder, and adding 6 parts of sodium stearate, 3 parts of polyethylene wax and 5 parts of aluminate coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 14.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 3 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 6.5 parts of alkyl betaine and 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring at the stirring speed of 450r/min for 28min, drying, and grinding into powder of 180 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment medicament.
Example 5:
the composite water treatment medicament in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 19.5 parts of carbide slag, 18 parts of shell powder, 15 parts of plant ash, 15.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 7.5 parts of alkyl betaine, 2 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 7 parts of a coupling agent, 4.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 4 parts of sodium stearate and 5 parts of polyethylene wax.
The method for preparing the composite water treatment agent for treating the industrial waste acid in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step one), preparing modified plant ash: adding 15 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 65min at 240 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at 53 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into 48-mesh powder, and uniformly stirring with 1.5 parts of titanate coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two) pretreatment of the mixed material: uniformly mixing 19.5 parts of carbide slag and 18 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining at 450 ℃ for 4.5 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing into 50-mesh powder, and then adding 4 parts of sodium stearate, 5 parts of polyethylene wax, 5 parts of a silane coupling agent and 5.5 parts of an aluminate coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 15.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 2 parts of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 7.5 parts of alkyl betaine and 4.5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring at the stirring speed of 550r/min for 21min, drying, and grinding into powder of 120 meshes to obtain the composite water treatment agent.
In order to verify the effect of the composite water treatment agent prepared by the invention on treatment of industrial waste acid, the composite water treatment agent prepared by the embodiments 1 to 5 of the invention was subjected to an industrial waste acid treatment test, and meanwhile, a commercial industrial waste acid treatment agent was used as a comparative example to perform the industrial waste acid treatment test, and the test conditions are shown in the following table.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting, and the scope of the invention is indicated in the claims, along with the full range of ingredients, ratios of ingredients, and process parameters of manufacture, and the above description is not intended to be exhaustive of the invention, and thus, any changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.
The composite water treatment agent prepared by the invention has stable property, can effectively treat waste acid, can effectively remove other harmful substances in a waste acid solution, ensures that industrial waste acid water meets the emission standard requirement of the national environmental protection department, is simple to use, and has wide application value.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing a composite water treatment agent for industrial waste acid treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one), preparation of modified plant ash: adding 14-16 parts of plant ash into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L, carrying out alkalization treatment for 60-90 min at 200-250 ℃, washing with distilled water to remove impurities, carrying out vacuum drying at 50-55 ℃ to constant weight, crushing into powder of 40-60 meshes, and uniformly stirring with 1-2 parts of a coupling agent to obtain modified plant ash;
step two), pretreatment of mixed materials: uniformly mixing 18-20 parts of carbide slag and 16-20 parts of shell powder, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, calcining at 400-500 ℃ for 4-5 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing into powder of 40-60 meshes, and adding 4-6 parts of sodium stearate, 3-5 parts of polyethylene wax and 5-6 parts of a coupling agent to obtain a pretreated mixed material;
step three), preparing a composite water treatment agent: adding the modified plant ash obtained in the step one) and the pretreated mixed material obtained in the step two) into a high-speed mixer, adding 14-16 parts of polyacrylamide, 2-3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, 6-8 parts of alkyl betaine and 4-5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring and reacting for 20-30 min at a stirring speed of 400-600 r/min, drying, and grinding into powder of 100-200 meshes to obtain a composite water treatment agent;
the coupling agent is one or the combination of more than two of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent and aluminate coupling agent;
the quaternary ammonium salt is one or the combination of two of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
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| CN113731167B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of modified carbide slag, product and application thereof |
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