CN110370743A - 一种干法装配式地板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种干法装配式地板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN110370743A
CN110370743A CN201910596104.6A CN201910596104A CN110370743A CN 110370743 A CN110370743 A CN 110370743A CN 201910596104 A CN201910596104 A CN 201910596104A CN 110370743 A CN110370743 A CN 110370743A
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floor
layer
adhesive tape
aluminum
waterproof adhesive
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陶运喜
谢庆武
宋明
马华超
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Guangzhou Hong Li Composite Material Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Hong Li Composite Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种干法装配式地板，地板包括铝型材边框，所述铝型材边框中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层、铝蜂窝层、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层、面材层，铝型材边框的外周中部设置有内凹的防水胶条安装槽，铝型材边框每侧的防水胶条安装槽安装有一条防水胶条，且铝型材边框相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽中安装的两条防水胶条上下交错，地板采用高度可调的螺纹支撑座支撑在楼板上。有益效果是：一方面，制造出的地板质量轻、抗弯性能优越，另一方面，面材直接复合在地板上表面，避免使用水泥砂浆在现场粘贴面材，减少现场安装工作量，解决施工周期长问题；解决了相邻地板之间、以及地板与墙体之间的渗漏问题。

Description

一种干法装配式地板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种干法装配式地板及其制造方法。
背景技术
传统地面装修通常采用湿法作业，水泥砂浆混凝土调平后贴装饰面材。近几年各种快装体系在室内装修地面装饰工程中应用日益广泛，比如地面安装龙骨，再湿法后贴面材等，在实际应用过程中，施工工序复杂，人工成本高，容易出现地面空洞，防水差等情况，一旦出现问题，需要破坏性拆除，维修难度极大。
近几年，复合材料的应用领域日益广泛，在建筑领域、汽车领域及复合包装领域均有大规模应用，例如建筑领域，公开号为CN102774052，名称为“一种蜂窝复合板及其制造方法”，就公开了一种复合板材的结构及制造方法，该复合板已成功大范围应用在装配式整体厨卫领域。然而，针对于房间和客厅等公共区域，整个装修领域都向快装体系发展。为此，常见的处理方式是在建筑结构面上安装龙骨调平，再湿法后贴面材。该方法虽然解决了用水泥砂浆混凝土调平，安装周期长的问题，但又产生另外的缺陷：地面空洞，防水性能差。地面空洞是因为龙骨周边都是空的，只有薄薄的装饰面层是连成整体，踩踏就会咚咚响，显得质感不好；另外防水性问题，整个地面的防水是只靠面材的粘接层，大大的增加了漏水的风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决以下技术问题：1、设计合理的复合次序，增大板材的强度和质感；2、避免使用水泥砂浆粘贴面材，减少现场安装工作量，解决施工周期长问题；3、解决相邻地板之间、以及地板与墙体之间的渗漏问题。提供一种干法装配式地板，同时提供其制造方法。
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种干法装配式地板，所述地板包括呈矩形的中空的铝型材边框，所述铝型材边框中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层、铝蜂窝层、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层、面材层，所述铝型材边框的外周中部设置有内凹的防水胶条安装槽，所述铝型材边框每侧的防水胶条安装槽安装有一条防水胶条，且所述铝型材边框相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽中安装的两条防水胶条上下交错，相邻两块地板之间的防水胶条受两侧地板的挤压形成第一防水结构，地板与墙体之间的防水胶条受地板与墙体的挤压形成第二防水结构，所述地板采用高度可调的螺纹支撑座支撑在楼板上，所述地板与墙体衔接处安装有踢脚线。
进一步的，一块所述地板与相邻的另一块地板之间由一字平角码和螺钉连接，所述地板与墙体之间由直角角码和螺钉连接。
进一步的，所述铝型材边框的外周下部设置有内凹的连接件安装槽，所述一字平角码和直角角码容纳在连接件安装槽中。
进一步的，所述铝型材边框由四根铝型材围合焊接而成。
进一步的，所述铝型材分为上部包覆面材层侧边的单层包边、中部包覆铝蜂窝层侧边的型材主体、下部包覆水泥纤维板层侧边的双层包边，型材主体与双层包边中具有连通的空腔，型材主体与铝蜂窝层连接的一侧设置有多道倒刺。
进一步的，所述防水胶条的宽度大于两倍的防水胶条安装槽的深度，所述防水胶条的高度等于防水胶条安装槽的高度的一半。
进一步的，所述防水胶条的横截面为D型。
进一步的，所述踢脚线包括横截面呈Z型的固定条和横截面呈n型的装饰条，所述装饰条的长边一侧底部向墙体方向折弯形成翻边，所述固定条用螺钉固定安装在位于地板上方的墙体上，并且所述固定条与墙体之间形成开口朝上的卡槽，所述装饰条的短边一侧卡入卡槽中，并使所述翻边与地板的上表面抵接。
进一步的，所述面板层采用天然石材板、人造石材板、玻璃板材、陶瓷板材中的任一种铺设成。
上述的干法装配式地板的制造方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、根据所需要的地板尺寸，裁切得到四根分别与地板四条边等长的铝型材，并将四根铝型材依次首尾相连焊接固定，从而围成铝型材边框；
S2、将水泥纤维板和铝型材边框放在下模板上，并使水泥纤维板位于铝型材边框中，在水泥纤维板上涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂，将铝蜂窝板芯材铺设在水泥纤维板上的聚氨酯胶黏剂上，在面材背面涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂后平铺在铝蜂窝板芯材上，盖上上模板，对上模板和下模板施加压力使上模板与下模板相对静止；
S3、将步骤S2所制得的地板在模具型腔中加热发泡压制成型，压制时温度为120℃、压力为20Mpa，保压3-5分钟；
S4、将步骤S3制得的地板在、压力为5Mpa的环境下保压冷却至室温定型。
本发明的有益效果是：在铝型材边框中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层、铝蜂窝层、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层、面材层，一方面，制造出的地板质量轻、抗弯性能优越，另一方面，面材直接复合在地板上表面，避免使用水泥砂浆在现场粘贴面材，减少现场安装工作量，解决施工周期长问题；在铝型材边框的外周中部设置内凹的防水胶条安装槽，在铝型材边框每侧的防水胶条安装槽安装一条防水胶条，且铝型材边框相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽中安装的两条防水胶条上下交错，相邻两块地板之间的防水胶条受两侧地板的挤压形成第一防水结构，地板与墙体之间的防水胶条受地板与墙体的挤压形成第二防水结构，解决了相邻地板之间、以及地板与墙体之间的渗漏问题。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本发明实施例中地板的截面图；
图2是本发明实施例中铝型材的截面图；
图3是本发明实施例中只铺设一块面板的地板与防水胶条装配的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例中相邻两块地板与一字平角码装配的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例中地板与墙体连接部分的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例中铺设有多块面板的地板的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例中铺设有多块面板的地板与防水胶条及螺纹支撑座装配的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例，来详细说明本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“开孔”、“上”、“下”、“厚度”、“顶”、“中”、“长度”、“内”、“四周”等指示方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的组件或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1至图7所示，一种干法装配式地板，地板100包括呈矩形的中空的铝型材边框1，铝型材边框1中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层2、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层3、铝蜂窝层4、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层5、面材层6，铝型材边框1的外周中部设置有内凹的防水胶条安装槽11，铝型材边框1每侧的防水胶条安装槽11安装有一条防水胶条15，且铝型材边框1相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽11中安装的两条防水胶条15上下交错，相邻两块地板100之间的防水胶条15受两侧地板100的挤压形成第一防水结构，地板100与墙体300之间的防水胶条15受地板100与墙体300的挤压形成第二防水结构，地板100采用高度可调的螺纹支撑座17支撑在楼板200上，地板100与墙体300衔接处安装有踢脚线20。
本实施例中的螺纹支撑座17采用顶端为平面的螺纹支撑座，螺纹支撑座17用螺钉固定在楼板200上，在安装时通过转动螺纹支撑座17调节螺纹支撑座17的顶端距离楼板200的高度差，从而使地板100直接放在螺纹支撑座17上就可以做到水平，简化现场安装施工难度。
本实施例中：水泥纤维板层2由整块的水泥纤维板裁切而成，下聚氨酯胶黏剂层3和上聚氨酯胶黏剂层5均由混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂凝固而成；面板层6可以如图3所示是由一块面板16铺设而成，也可以如图6和图7所示是由多块面板16铺设而成。
一块地板100与相邻的另一块地板100之间由一字平角码18和螺钉19连接，地板100与墙体300之间由直角角码20和螺钉19连接。在安装时，将一字平角码18的两头分别通过螺钉19固定安装在相邻两块地板100的同一侧，将直角角码20的一条边用螺钉19固定安装在地板100与墙体300垂直的一侧，将直角角码20的另一条边用螺钉19固定安装在相靠近的墙体300上。铝型材边框1的外周下部设置有内凹的连接件安装槽12，一字平角码18和直角角码20容纳在连接件安装槽12中。
铝型材边框1由四根铝型材7围合焊接而成。铝型材7分为上部包覆面材层6侧边的单层包边8、中部包覆铝蜂窝层4侧边的型材主体9、下部包覆水泥纤维板2层侧边的双层包边10，单层包边8对面材层6侧边进行保护，型材主体9对铝蜂窝层4侧边进行保护，双层包边10对水泥纤维板层2侧边进行保护，型材主体9与双层包边10中具有连通的空腔14，型材主体9与铝蜂窝层4连接的一侧设置有多道倒刺13，倒刺13增加铝蜂窝层4与铝型材7之间的结合面积，提高铝蜂窝层4与铝型材7之间连接的牢固性。
防水胶条15的宽度大于两倍的防水胶条安装槽11的深度，防水胶条15的高度等于防水胶条安装槽11的高度的一半。使得上下交错的两条防水胶条15的相交部分正好卡在铝型材边框1拐角处的防水胶条安装槽11中，从而方便防水胶条15在安装时固定。防水胶条15的横截面为D型。
踢脚线20包括横截面呈Z型的固定条21和横截面呈n型的装饰条22，装饰条22的长边一侧底部向墙体方向折弯形成翻边24，固定条21用螺钉19固定安装在位于地板100上方的墙体300上，并且固定条21与墙体300之间形成开口朝上的卡槽23，装饰条22的短边一侧卡入卡槽23中，并使翻边24与地板100的上表面抵接，有利于使翻边24与地板100的上表面之间形成结构密封。为了保证翻边24与地板100的上表面之间的防水效果，在翻边24与地板100的上表面的连接缝处涂抹一层玻璃胶。
面板层6采用天然石材板、人造石材板、玻璃板材、陶瓷板材中的任一种铺设成。
上述的干法装配式地板的制造方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、根据所需要的地板尺寸，裁切得到四根分别与地板四条边等长的铝型材，并将四根铝型材依次首尾相连焊接固定，从而围成铝型材边框；
S2、将水泥纤维板和铝型材边框放在下模板上，并使水泥纤维板位于铝型材边框中，在水泥纤维板上涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂，将铝蜂窝板芯材铺设在水泥纤维板上的聚氨酯胶黏剂上，在面材背面涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂后平铺在铝蜂窝板芯材上，盖上上模板，对上模板和下模板施加压力使上模板与下模板相对静止；
S3、将步骤S2所制得的地板在模具型腔中加热发泡压制成型，压制时温度为120℃、压力为20Mpa，保压3-5分钟；
S4、将步骤S3制得的地板在、压力为5Mpa的环境下保压冷却至室温定型。
在铝型材边框中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层、铝蜂窝层、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层、面材层，一方面，制造出的地板质量轻、抗弯性能优越，另一方面，面材直接复合在地板上表面，避免使用水泥砂浆在现场粘贴面材，减少现场安装工作量，解决施工周期长问题；在铝型材边框的外周中部设置内凹的防水胶条安装槽，在铝型材边框每侧的防水胶条安装槽安装一条防水胶条，且铝型材边框相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽中安装的两条防水胶条上下交错，相邻两块地板之间的防水胶条受两侧地板的挤压形成第一防水结构，地板与墙体之间的防水胶条受地板与墙体的挤压形成第二防水结构，解决了相邻地板之间、以及地板与墙体之间的渗漏问题。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述地板包括呈矩形的中空的铝型材边框，所述铝型材边框中通过热压复合成型有从下往上依次排布的水泥纤维板层、下聚氨酯胶黏剂层、铝蜂窝层、上聚氨酯胶黏剂层、面材层，所述铝型材边框的外周中部设置有内凹的防水胶条安装槽，所述铝型材边框每侧的防水胶条安装槽安装有一条防水胶条，且所述铝型材边框相邻两侧的防水胶条安装槽中安装的两条防水胶条上下交错，相邻两块地板之间的防水胶条受两侧地板的挤压形成第一防水结构，地板与墙体之间的防水胶条受地板与墙体的挤压形成第二防水结构，所述地板采用高度可调的螺纹支撑座支撑在楼板上，所述地板与墙体衔接处安装有踢脚线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：一块所述地板与相邻的另一块地板之间由一字平角码和螺钉连接，所述地板与墙体之间由直角角码和螺钉连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述铝型材边框的外周下部设置有内凹的连接件安装槽，所述一字平角码和直角角码容纳在连接件安装槽中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述铝型材边框由四根铝型材围合焊接而成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述铝型材分为上部包覆面材层侧边的单层包边、中部包覆铝蜂窝层侧边的型材主体、下部包覆水泥纤维板层侧边的双层包边，型材主体与双层包边中具有连通的空腔，型材主体与铝蜂窝层连接的一侧设置有多道倒刺。
6.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述防水胶条的宽度大于两倍的防水胶条安装槽的深度，所述防水胶条的高度等于防水胶条安装槽的高度的一半。
7.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述防水胶条的横截面为D型。
8.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述踢脚线包括横截面呈Z型的固定条和横截面呈n型的装饰条，所述装饰条的长边一侧底部向墙体方向折弯形成翻边，所述固定条用螺钉固定安装在位于地板上方的墙体上，并且所述固定条与墙体之间形成开口朝上的卡槽，所述装饰条的短边一侧卡入卡槽中，并使所述翻边与地板的上表面抵接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的干法装配式地板，其特征在于：所述面板层采用天然石材板、人造石材板、玻璃板材、陶瓷板材中的任一种铺设成。
10.权利要求1~9任一所述的干法装配式地板的制造方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、根据所需要的地板尺寸，裁切得到四根分别与地板四条边等长的铝型材，并将四根铝型材依次首尾相连焊接固定，从而围成铝型材边框；
S2、将水泥纤维板和铝型材边框放在下模板上，并使水泥纤维板位于铝型材边框中，在水泥纤维板上涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂，将铝蜂窝板芯材铺设在水泥纤维板上的聚氨酯胶黏剂上，在面材背面涂抹一层混合有玻璃纤维的聚氨酯胶黏剂后平铺在铝蜂窝板芯材上，盖上上模板，对上模板和下模板施加压力使上模板与下模板相对静止；
S3、将步骤S2所制得的地板在模具型腔中加热发泡压制成型，压制时温度为120℃、压力为20Mpa，保压3-5分钟；
S4、将步骤S3制得的地板在、压力为5Mpa的环境下保压冷却至室温定型。
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