CN110367212B - Fishing net hauler for large-scale fishing ground and hauling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fishing net hauler of a large-scale fishing ground and a net hauling method thereof, wherein the net hauler comprises: the side surface of the shell is provided with a plurality of parallel-distributed grooves, a roller is arranged in the shell, two ends of the roller are respectively provided with an input shaft and an end shaft, the side surface of the roller is provided with a plurality of hook groups with the same number as the strip-shaped grooves, each convex tooth group comprises a plurality of convex teeth which are uniformly distributed in one circumferential direction on the side surface of the roller, the roller is eccentrically arranged relative to the shell, namely the central line of the roller is parallel to the central line of the shell, and the distance between the central line and the central line is an eccentric distance h, so that the convex teeth of each convex tooth group can periodically extend outwards along the strip-shaped grooves in the rotating process of the roller; the net hauler also comprises a connecting bracket fixedly connected to the shell and a driving mechanism for providing power for the roller. The net hauler can be used independently, the net hauling position is easy to control, and the net hauling efficiency is high.

Description

Fishing net hauler for large-scale fishing ground and hauling method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fishing net hauler of a large-scale fishing ground and a net hauling method thereof.

Background

Common equipment for marine fishery culture comprises a traditional net cage, a deep water net cage, a large-scale fishery and the like. The general deepwater net cage consists of four major parts, namely a net cage frame system, a netting system, an anchoring system and a supporting facility system; the large-scale fishing ground is composed of trussesThe frame structure is enclosed into a ship body of a culture space, and then the netting is fixed on the ship body to form a fish growth space, so that fish escape and enemy invasion are prevented. The culture area of the culture fishery can be larger than that of a deep water net cage, for example, an intelligent fishery in south China sea has the total length of 91.3 meters, the width of 27.6 meters and the model depth of 7.5 meters, the designed draft is 6.5 meters, and the volume of the effective culture water body is 11000m³The water-saving culture system mainly comprises culture spaces surrounded by three truss structures of 24m multiplied by 6m, and the water volume of each culture space is nearly 4000m³And the volume of the water body is far larger than that of the traditional deepwater net cage.

In the cultivation and fishing projects of deepwater net cages and large-scale fisheries, net hauling is one of the very critical links. A net hauler used for a deepwater net cage generally comprises a vertical friction roller, a worm and gear speed change mechanism and a power mechanism, wherein a net is gradually pulled out of a water body by the vertical friction roller in the net hauling process. The net hauler is only suitable for being installed in a ship, has larger volume and weight, is not easy to move, and has certain danger when being moved in a marine culture area, so the net hauler is not suitable for hauling the catches of large-scale fisheries. Moreover, the net hauling speed is low by adopting the net hauler. According to statistics, in China, the ratio of fish disability or death in the net lifting process accounts for 2-3% of the culture amount of the deep water net cage, and the main reason of fish casualty is that the net lifting speed is low, and dense fishes are easy to scratch mutually or die in an anoxic way. The water volume of each culture space of the large-scale fishing ground is larger than that of a deep-water net cage, the weight of the net is also larger during net hauling, the required net hauling time is longer, and fish injury or death can be caused more easily if the operation is careless.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a net hauler for a large-scale fishing ground.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for fishing net hauling by using the net hauler.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the first purpose is as follows:

a net hauler for fishing in a large fishing ground, characterized in that the net hauler comprises:

a cylindrical housing, a plurality of shape grooves of parallel distribution are seted up to the side of casing, casing internally mounted has a cylinder, the both ends of cylinder are equipped with an input shaft and an end shaft respectively, be provided with on the side of cylinder with a plurality of dogtooth groups of quantity such as bar groove, every dogtooth group includes a plurality of dogteeth of a circumferencial direction evenly distributed of cylinder side, the cylinder is relative the casing off-centre setting is promptly the central line of cylinder is on a parallel with the central line of casing and distance between the two are the eccentricity h, make the dogtooth of every dogtooth group of cylinder pivoted in-process can be periodic follow the bar groove outwards stretches out, promptly the dogtooth with the relative position of casing does following periodic cycle: the convex teeth are positioned in the shell, the convex teeth extend outwards along the strip-shaped grooves, the length of the convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually increased, and the length of the convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually decreased;

the connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the shell;

and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the input shaft of the roller.

Preferably, when the convex teeth stretch out the strip-shaped grooves, the distance between the two side surfaces of the convex teeth and the strip-shaped grooves is smaller than the diameter of the netting thread of the netting, the netting cannot be clamped into the shell of the net hauler in the process of hooking the netting by the convex teeth, and the net haulage process is guaranteed to be smoothly carried out.

Preferably, the diameter of a circle circumscribing each convex tooth group on the drum is equal to the outer diameter of the shell, the length of the convex teeth is equal to the eccentricity h, and an inclination angle alpha is formed between a plane where a center line of the drum and a center line of the shell are located and a horizontal plane and is equal to the taper angle of the netting in a fishing ground. The spatial layout of the netting is usually designed to be a taper angle, and the taper angle of the netting refers to an included angle between the netting and the vertical direction, and is generally 5-10 degrees.

Preferably, the housing is fixed on a base, the base has a bottom plate and two side plates standing on the bottom plate in parallel, the housing and the roller are spanned between the two side plates, and an input shaft and an end shaft of the roller are respectively connected with the two side plates through bearings in a rotating manner.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor and a speed reducer, wherein the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the input shaft of the roller.

Preferably, the casing is provided with three strip-shaped grooves, the drum is provided with three groups of convex teeth, and each group of convex teeth is provided with at least three convex teeth.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the second purpose is as follows:

a fishing net hauling method using the net hauler is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: the net haulers are fixed at the same horizontal height on the downstream side of the water flow of the fishing ground through the connection of the connecting bracket and a truss structure of the fishing ground;

s2: the fixed connection between the netting and the fishing ground truss structure is released, and the net hauler is started at the same time, and the convex teeth on the roller extend into the meshes of the netting to lift the netting upwards in the rotating process of the roller of the net hauler;

s3: and straightening the lifted netting backwards along the shell of the net hauler, and placing the lifted netting behind and below the net hauler for net collection.

Preferably, in step S2, the fixed connection of the netting on the downstream side of the water flow in the fishing ground is first released.

Preferably, in the step S2, the process of lifting the net upward includes the following processes:

for ease of description, the present invention will name the teeth of each set as a first tooth, a second tooth, a third tooth, and so on, in positional order.

(1) The first convex teeth extend out along the strip-shaped groove and extend into meshes of the netting in the rotating process of the roller;

(2) the convex teeth are meshed, after the first convex teeth extend into meshes of the net cover, the net cover is lifted upwards along with the first convex teeth along with the continuous rotation of the roller, and meanwhile, the next convex teeth, namely the second convex teeth, start to hook the net;

(3) the convex teeth retreat from the net, the length of the first convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually reduced along with the continuous rotation of the roller until the first convex teeth are separated from the net and then hidden in the shell, meanwhile, the second convex teeth start to rise from the net, and the next convex teeth, namely the third convex teeth, start to hook the net;

and each convex tooth circularly executes the actions of hooking the net by the convex tooth, lifting the net by the convex tooth and withdrawing the net by the convex tooth to finish the net lifting process of the net cover.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the net hauler can be used independently from the ship body, has fewer component structures, small volume, light weight, convenient position moving and easy control of the net hauler.

2. The drum and the shell are eccentrically arranged, the convex teeth on the drum extend out of the strip-shaped grooves on the shell and then hook the meshes of the netting, and the netting can be lifted.

3. According to the net hauler, three action processes of hooking, hauling and withdrawing of the convex teeth are realized between the convex teeth and the net cover through the structural design of the convex teeth and the structural design of the shell, the net hauler is smooth in the processes of hooking, hauling and withdrawing, and the net hauling speed is effectively increased through the size correlation design among the convex teeth, the roller and the shell.

4. The invention can flexibly select the number of the net haulers according to the size of a fishing ground when a fishery hauls up the net, provides enough output torque to carry out quick net haulage, only needs operators to retract the net behind the net hauler in the net haulage process, can adjust the net haulage speed of the net clothes according to the number of fishes in the net and the water flow, has simple and flexible control of net haulage operation, can reduce the operators and reduce the net haulage operation cost.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a net hauler for a large fishery according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the fishing net hauler of the large fishery of the present invention (after the driving mechanism protective cover is detached);

FIG. 3 is a left side view of a net hauler for a large fishing ground according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation position of the drum inside the casing according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the net hauler and the fishing ground truss structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a layout of the net hauler during hauling and a schematic diagram of four stages in the hauling process of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 7;

fig. 11 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 7.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a net hauler for a large fishing ground according to the present invention, the net hauler 1 includes:

a cylindrical housing 3, three bar grooves 4 of parallel distribution are seted up to the side of casing 3, 3 internally mounted of casing has a cylinder 5, the both ends of cylinder 5 are equipped with an input shaft and an end shaft respectively, be provided with the dogtooth group with quantity such as bar groove 3 on the side of cylinder 5, every dogtooth group includes six dogteeth 6 at a 5 lateral circumferencial direction evenly distributed of cylinder, and as shown in fig. 4, cylinder 5 is the eccentric settings of casing 3 relatively, the central line of cylinder 5 is on a parallel with the central line of casing 3 and the distance is the eccentricity h between the two, make the dogtooth of every dogtooth group of cylinder 5 pivoted in-process can be periodic follow the bar groove outwards stretches out, the relative position of dogtooth 6 and casing 3 does following periodic cycle promptly: the convex teeth 6 are positioned in the shell 3, the convex teeth 6 extend outwards along the strip-shaped grooves 4, the length of the convex teeth 6 extending out of the strip-shaped grooves 4 is gradually increased, and the length of the convex teeth 6 extending out of the strip-shaped grooves 4 is gradually decreased; in the periodic process, each convex tooth respectively completes the actions of hooking, lifting and withdrawing the net to the net cover.

The shell 3 is also fixedly connected with a connecting bracket 8, and the connecting bracket 8 is used for connecting the net hauler 1 with a truss structure 13 of a fishing ground;

the input shaft of the drum 5 is connected with a driving mechanism, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic motor 10 and a planetary reducer 11, the input end of the reducer 11 is connected with the hydraulic motor 10, and the output end 12 of the reducer 11 is connected with the input shaft of the drum 5, as shown in fig. 1, a driving mechanism protective cover 9 is covered outside the driving mechanism to prevent the driving mechanism from being exposed in the external environment.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing 3 is fixed on a base 2, the base 2 has a bottom plate and two side plates standing parallel to the bottom plate, the housing 3 and the roller 5 are spanned between the two side plates, and an input shaft and an end shaft of the roller are respectively rotatably connected with the two side plates through bearings.

The cross-sectional dimension of the teeth 6 is gradually reduced along the direction away from the roller to ensure that the teeth 6 can smoothly take off the net 14 to complete the mesh withdrawing of the teeth, as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the teeth 6 are teeth with a small end away from the roller 5 and a large end connected with the roller 5. Two sides of convex tooth 6 are the plane, and when convex tooth 6 stretches out bar groove 4, the distance between two sides of convex tooth 4 and bar groove 4 < the net twine diameter of net clothing, prevent that the net clothing card from going into the casing of net hauler inside, as preferred embodiment, for improving net hauler efficiency, the diameter of every convex tooth group circumcircle on cylinder 5 equals the external diameter of casing 3, the length of convex tooth 6 equals eccentricity h, becomes inclination angle alpha between the plane that the central line of cylinder 5 and the central line of casing 3 are altogether and the horizontal plane, inclination angle alpha equals the cone angle of net clothing in the fishing ground.

The lower part of the base 2 is also connected with a baffle 7, and the baffle 7 is used for preventing the netting from stirring into the shell 3 from the lower part.

The net hauler of the embodiment is particularly suitable for hauling nets in fishing grounds with truss structures as main bodies. The method for hauling the fishing net by adopting the net hauler 1 comprises the following steps:

s1: as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the three net haulers 1 are fixed at the same horizontal height on the downstream side of the water flow of the fishing ground by connecting the connecting bracket 8 with a truss structure 13 of the fishing ground, the distances among the three net haulers 1 are uniformly distributed, and the three net haulers 1 respectively provide external power for a hydraulic motor 10 by a gasoline engine 15 with a hydraulic pump;

s2: the fixed connection between the netting 14 and the truss structure 1 of the fishing ground 3 is released, the net hauler 1 is started at the same time, and in the rotating process of the roller 5 of the net hauler 1, the convex teeth 6 on the roller 5 extend into the meshes of the netting 14 to lift the netting upwards;

in the embodiment, the fishing ground is rectangular, the netting fixing rope on the downstream side of the water flow of the fishing ground is removed firstly, then the netting fixing ropes on the two sides of the fishing ground are removed, and finally the netting fixing rope on the upstream side of the water flow of the fishing ground is removed;

the process of lifting the netting upwards comprises the following actions:

(1) convex tooth hook net, as shown in fig. 7 and 8 in the first stage: during the rotation process of the roller, the first convex teeth 61 extend out along the strip-shaped grooves 4 and extend into meshes of the netting 14;

(2) the teeth are meshed, as shown in fig. 7 and 9 in a second stage: after the first convex teeth 61 extend into the meshes, the net is lifted upwards along with the first convex teeth 61 along with the continuous rotation of the roller, and meanwhile, the next convex teeth, namely the second convex teeth 62, start to hook the net;

(3) the teeth are backed off, as shown in fig. 7 and 10, in the third stage: the length of the first convex tooth 61 extending out of the strip-shaped groove is gradually reduced along with the continuous rotation of the roller until the first convex tooth 61 is separated from the net and then hidden in the shell 3, meanwhile, the second convex tooth 62 starts convex tooth meshing, and the next convex tooth, namely the third convex tooth 63, starts convex tooth hooking;

and so on, when the third convex tooth is raised, the second convex tooth is withdrawn from the net, and the fourth convex tooth is hooked with the net;

when the fourth convex tooth is raised, the third convex tooth is withdrawn from the net, and the fifth convex tooth is hooked with the net;

when the fifth convex tooth is raised, the fourth convex tooth is withdrawn from the net, and the sixth convex tooth is hooked with the net;

and each convex tooth circularly executes the actions of hooking the net by the convex tooth, lifting the net by the convex tooth and withdrawing the net by the convex tooth to finish the net lifting process of the net cover.

S3: in the fourth stage shown in fig. 7 and 11, the lifted-up netting is straightened out rearward along the housing of the net hauler, and placed behind and below the net hauler, and the operator finishes the net hauling.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various other modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above-described structure of the present invention without departing from the basic technical concept of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A net hauler for a large fishing ground, the net hauler comprising:

the cylindrical shell is provided with a plurality of parallel-distributed grooves on the side surface of the shell, a roller is arranged inside the shell, an input shaft and an end shaft are respectively arranged at two ends of the roller, a plurality of convex tooth groups with the same number as the strip-shaped grooves are arranged on the side surface of the roller, each convex tooth group comprises a plurality of convex teeth which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the side surface of the roller, the roller is eccentrically arranged relative to the shell, namely the central line of the roller is parallel to the central line of the shell, the distance between the central line and the central line is an eccentric distance h, the diameter of the circumcircle of each convex tooth group on the roller is equal to the outer diameter of the shell, the length of each convex tooth is equal to the eccentric distance h, an inclination angle alpha is formed between the plane where the central line of the roller and the central line of the shell are located and the horizontal plane, the inclination angle alpha is equal to the cone angle of a net in a fishing ground, and the convex teeth of each convex tooth group can periodically move outwards from the strip-shaped grooves in the rotating process of the roller Extending, i.e. periodically cycling the relative position of the teeth to the housing: the convex teeth are positioned in the shell, the convex teeth extend outwards along the strip-shaped grooves, the length of the convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually increased, the length of the convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually decreased, and the section size of the convex teeth is gradually decreased along the direction far away from the roller;

the connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the shell;

and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the input shaft of the roller.

2. The fishing net hauler in large fishery according to claim 1, wherein when the convex teeth extend out along the strip-shaped groove, the distance between two side surfaces of the convex teeth and the strip-shaped groove is less than the diameter of the net thread of the net.

3. The fishing net hauler according to claim 1, wherein the housing is fixed to a base having a bottom plate and two side plates erected in parallel on the bottom plate, the housing and the drum are spanned between the two side plates, and an input shaft and an end shaft of the drum are rotatably connected to the two side plates through bearings, respectively.

4. The net hauler according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic motor and a decelerator, an input end of the decelerator is connected to the hydraulic motor, and an output end of the decelerator is connected to an input shaft of the drum.

5. The fishing net hauler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the housing has three strip grooves, the drum has three sets of teeth, and each set of teeth has at least three teeth.

6. A method of net hauling using a net hauler according to claim 5, including the steps of:

s1: the net haulers are fixed at the same horizontal height on the downstream side of the water flow of the fishing ground through the connection of the connecting bracket and a truss structure of the fishing ground;

s2: the fixed connection between the netting and the fishing ground truss structure is released, and the net hauler is started at the same time, and the convex teeth on the roller extend into the meshes of the netting to lift the netting upwards in the rotating process of the roller of the net hauler;

s3: and straightening the lifted netting backwards along the shell of the net hauler, and placing the lifted netting behind and below the net hauler for net collection.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S2, the net is first released from the net on the downstream side of the water flow in the fishing ground.

8. The method for fishing net according to claim 6, wherein the process of lifting up the net in step S2 comprises the following processes:

(1) the first convex teeth extend out along the strip-shaped groove and extend into meshes of the netting in the rotating process of the roller;

(2) the convex teeth are meshed, after the first convex teeth extend into meshes of the net cover, the net cover is lifted upwards along with the first convex teeth along with the continuous rotation of the roller, and meanwhile, the next convex teeth, namely the second convex teeth, start to hook the net;

(3) the convex teeth retreat from the net, the length of the first convex teeth extending out of the strip-shaped grooves is gradually reduced along with the continuous rotation of the roller until the first convex teeth are separated from the net and then hidden in the shell, meanwhile, the second convex teeth start to rise from the net, and the next convex teeth, namely the third convex teeth, start to hook the net;

and each convex tooth circularly executes the actions of hooking the net by the convex tooth, lifting the net by the convex tooth and withdrawing the net by the convex tooth to finish the net lifting process of the net cover.

Images