CN110367158B - Water-retaining fishery method based on environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel culture - Google Patents
Water-retaining fishery method based on environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel culture Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-retaining fishery method for cultivating freshwater pearl mussel based on environment repairable type, belonging to the technical field of freshwater pearl mussel cultivation, comprising a cultivation pool for cultivating the freshwater pearl mussel, a balanced biological group is put in the cultivation pool, a separation net is also arranged in the cultivation pool, the separation net divides the cultivation pool into a balance area and a static cultivation area, a directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod is put in the cultivation pool, the cultivation water body environment of the freshwater pearl mussel in the cultivation pool is balanced by putting the balanced biological group in the cultivation pool, thereby promoting the growth of the freshwater pearl mussel and the pearl, the fertilizing amount can be reduced under the same proportion condition, the cultivation cost is reduced, the water quality is effectively improved, in addition, the separation net is arranged to separate the balanced biological group from the pearl mussel, the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod is used for feeding the pearl mussel, the phenomenon between the balanced biological group and the pearl mussel can be avoided, reduces the feeding amount of the breeding bait of the pearl mussel and saves the breeding cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of freshwater pearl mussel culture, in particular to a water-retention fishery method based on environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel culture.
Background
The pearl is not only a noble decoration, but also a rare traditional Chinese medicinal material, and has high market value. With the development of social economy and scientific technology level, the application of pearls is continuously expanded, and the market demand is larger and larger.
The artificial cultivation of fresh water pearls has a long history in China. At present, the species of pearl mussels used for cultivating fresh water pearls in China is mainly hyriopsis cumingii, and the cultivation modes for cultivating the fresh water pearls are mainly two types: (1) hanging pearl mussels which are inserted with the operation inserts or inserted with the nucleus in natural waters such as rivers, lakes and the like, and culturing phytoplankton as natural bait of the pearl mussels by manually splashing organic fertilizer (such as duck manure, quail manure and the like), soybean milk and chemical fertilizer; (2) the pearl mussels are hung and cultured in a natural or artificially excavated pond, a small amount of filter-feeding fishes (such as silver carps, bighead carps and the like) are generally mixedly cultured in the pond or ducks are cultured in a combined manner, organic fertilizers (such as duck manure, quail manure and the like) are applied in a composting or artificial splashing manner, soybean milk and chemical fertilizers are splashed, phytoplankton is cultured to serve as natural bait of the pearl mussels, and the water quality of the pond is adjusted by adopting a water changing method.
In the above-mentioned breeding mode: (1) the cultivation of fresh water pearls in natural water areas such as rivers, lakes and the like mainly depends on the water quality conditions of the water areas, the regulation and control effects of culturists on the cultivation environment are limited, and the eutrophication of the cultivation water areas and the formation of bottom anaerobic environments are often caused by the large amount of splashing of organic fertilizers, soybean milk, chemical fertilizers and the like; (2) the method is characterized in that the pond is utilized to cultivate freshwater pearls, so that the space and nutrient substance resources of the pond are lack of planning, only a small amount of filter-feeding fishes (usually 30 silver carps and 10 bighead carps are put in the pond per mu of water surface) are mixedly cultured in the pond, mixed feed is not fed to the mixedly cultured fishes, a large amount of organic fertilizer, soybean milk and the like are applied to the mixedly cultured fishes to cause high eutrophication of the water body of the pond and accumulation of organic matters at the bottom of the pond, a large amount of water is changed in the culture process to discharge the accumulated nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the pond. Under the existing culture mode, the culture water body is generally highly eutrophicated, cultured hyriopsis cumingii is easy to infect and die from clam diseases, and the culture risk is great. In addition, in the existing culture mode, the pearl mussels are usually hung and cultured about 20cm below the surface layer of pond water, and experiments prove that the depth is not beneficial to the growth of the mussels and pearls.
Along with the expansion of the scale of the freshwater pearl culture in China, the disadvantages of the existing culture mode, such as large consumption of water resource and serious pollution to the water area environment, easy eutrophication of culture water, mussel disease and the like, are more and more prominent. At present, the pollution problem of the cultured freshwater pearls to the water area environment is widely concerned by the society. The disease of the mussels becomes aeipathia disease in the cultivation of the freshwater pearls, the occurrence of the disease of the mussels causes huge economic loss to the cultivation production of the freshwater pearls, and the risk of the freshwater pearl industry is greatly increased.
At present, the cultivation of fresh water pearls in China generally needs to fertilize water quality by applying a large amount of organic fertilizer to provide bait for pearl mussels, and the process has the following defects: (1) a large amount of organic matters are deposited at the bottom of the water, so that germs are easy to breed, and the disease of the pearl mussel is frequent; (2) after a large amount of organic matters are input into the water body, oxygen is consumed, the water quality is deteriorated, and the growth of pearl mussels and pearls is not facilitated; (3) the organic fertilizer is applied for a long time in a large amount, so that the permanganate index CODMn, the total phosphorus TP and the like of the water body are increased, microcystis bloom is easy to burst, and the discharge of the aquaculture water body can cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water-retaining fishery method for cultivating freshwater pearl mussel based on environment repairable type, which balances the cultivation water body environment of the freshwater pearl mussel in a cultivation pool by cultivating a balance biological group in the cultivation pool, thereby promoting the growth of the freshwater pearl mussel and pearls, reducing the fertilizing amount under the same proportion condition, reducing the cultivation cost and effectively improving the water quality, in addition, a separation net is arranged to separate the balance biological group from the pearl mussel, and a directional fertilizing and sampling integrated rod is used for feeding the pearl mussel, so that the phenomenon of snatching between the balance biological group and the pearl mussel can be avoided, the cultivation bait feeding amount of the pearl mussel is reduced, and the cultivation cost is saved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The water-retaining fishery method based on the environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel cultivation comprises a cultivation pool for cultivating the pearl mussels, wherein a balance biological group is placed and cultivated in the cultivation pool, a separation net is further arranged in the cultivation pool and divides the cultivation pool into a balance area and a static cultivation area, the balance area and the static cultivation area are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the separation net, the balance biological group and the pearl mussels are respectively located in the balance area and the static cultivation area, a directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod is put in the cultivation pool, a floating ball is fixedly connected to the upper end of the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod, the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod is hung in meshes of the separation net through the floating ball, the cultivation water environment of the freshwater pearl mussels in the cultivation pool is balanced through the cultivation biological group placed in the cultivation pool, the growth of the freshwater pearl mussels and the pearls is promoted, the fertilization amount can be reduced under the same proportion condition, and the cultivation cost is reduced, in addition, the separating net is arranged to separate the balanced biological group from the pearl mussels, and the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod is used for feeding the pearl mussels, so that the phenomenon of food robbery between the balanced biological group and the pearl mussels can be avoided, the feeding amount of the breeding baits of the pearl mussels is reduced, and the breeding cost is saved.
Further, integrative stick of directional fertilization sample includes bait cylinder and counterweight, bait cylinder fixed connection is at the floater lower extreme, bait has been placed to bait cylinder inside, bait cylinder side top-down has dug a plurality of hole for flushing, the counterweight is connected in bait cylinder lower extreme, when putting in integrative stick of directional fertilization sample, under the action of gravity of counterweight, can keep the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample vertically sinking, until the counterweight takes the bait cylinder to fall into the mesh of separation net, because the diameter of floater is greater than the mesh aperture of separation net, so the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample is hung through the floater and is put in the mesh of separation net, can avoid balanced biological crowd to snatch the phenomenon of eating pearl mussel bait.
Further, the counterweight includes impact head and counterweight head, and impact head and counterweight head fixed connection, impact the head and be located counterweight overhead side and be connected with the bait cartridge, the tip is the button head under the counterweight head, and the setting up of button head can reduce the resistance of water on the one hand, is convenient for sink smoothly, and on the other hand also is favorable to the counterweight head to insert smoothly in the mesh of separation net.
Further, strike head and bait cylinder threaded connection, and strike inside the overhead end of impact extends to the bait cylinder, strike overhead end and be the button head, threaded connection's mode can conveniently strike the head and fix and separate with the bait cylinder, makes things convenient for the blowing and changes, and the setting of button head can make the bait in the bait cylinder evenly flow from the bath hole, reduces the hold-up.
Further, the bath hole department fixed connection helps melting the cylinder mould, and helps melting the aperture of cylinder mould and be less than the particle diameter of bait, helps melting the cylinder mould and extend to the bait section of thick bamboo inboard, thereby can guarantee that external water gets into by the bath hole smoothly and helps melting the cylinder mould and soak the bait that melts in the bait section of thick bamboo, and helps melting the setting up of cylinder mould and has increased the area of contact between water and the bait, can accelerate melting of bait.
Further, the first inside chisel of counter weight has back sample chamber and preceding sample chamber, overhead back sample hole and the preceding sample hole of still opening the chisel of counter weight, and sample chamber and external world behind the sample hole intercommunication, sample chamber and external before the preceding sample hole intercommunication, when putting in the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample, breed the water in the pond and get into before by preceding sample hole in the sample chamber, stopper ring is proclaimed oneself to preceding sample hole inner wall fixedly connected with, and proclaimed oneself the stopper ring and adopt to meet water inflation rubber materials to make, proclaimed oneself the stopper ring and meet the water and begin the inflation, until whole proclaimed oneself the stopper ring closure, water sample in the preceding sample chamber is preserved in preceding sample chamber, takes the later stage to take out with the needle tubing when taking out the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample and takes out to detect and with the water sample contrast that obtains in the back sample chamber.
Further, the back thief hole is the setting of upwards inclining to one side, and the intercommunication department of back thief hole and back sample chamber is located the oblique upside in back sample chamber for the difficult unexpected outflow of water sample of storage in the back sample chamber.
Furthermore, a plurality of the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rods are fixedly connected with connecting ropes, so that the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rods can be conveniently taken out at one time.
Furthermore, the balanced organism group is silver carp and bighead carp, the stocking proportion of the silver carp and the bighead carp is 1/4-1/3, the filter feeding pore size of the bighead carp is larger than that of the silver carp, the combination of the two filter feeding organisms of the bighead carp and the silver carp is utilized to simultaneously stocking the two fishes, the bighead carp can filter and feed large-scale planktonic algae, the number of large-scale planktonic algae is reduced, the mass propagation of small-scale planktonic algae is stimulated, and rich bait is provided for the growth of fresh water pearl mussel, so that the growth of the fresh water pearl mussel and pearl is promoted, meanwhile, the silver carp can filter and feed a part of small and medium-scale planktonic algae, so that the chemical index of the water body can be adjusted more perfectly, the nutritive salt is reduced, the culture water body environment of the fresh water pearl mussel is fully improved, and the pollution; the width of the silver carps and the bighead carps is larger than the diameter of the meshes of the separation net during stocking, so that the silver carps and the bighead carps are prevented from easily passing through the separation net to enter a static breeding area where the pearl mussels are located, and the phenomenon of snatching is caused.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) this scheme is through putting the balanced biological crowd of breeding in the breed pond and balancing fresh water pearl mussel aquaculture water body environment in the breed pond to promote the growth of fresh water pearl mussel and pearl, reducible fertilization volume under the condition of year-on-year basis, reduce the cost of farming, effectively improve quality of water, in addition, set up the spacer screen and separate balanced biological crowd and pearl mussel, use the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample to throw the bait to the pearl mussel, can avoid taking place to rob the food phenomenon between balanced biological crowd and the pearl mussel, reduce the breed bait of pearl mussel and throw in the volume, practice thrift the cost of farming.
(2) The integrative stick of directional fertilization sample includes bait cylinder and counterweight, bait cylinder fixed connection is at the floater lower extreme, bait has been placed to bait cylinder inside, bait cylinder side top-down has dug a plurality of hole for flushing, the counterweight is connected in bait cylinder lower extreme, when putting in the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample, under the action of gravity of counterweight, can keep the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample vertically sinking, takes the bait cylinder to fall into the mesh of separation net until the counterweight, because the diameter of floater is greater than the mesh aperture of separation net, so directional fertilization sample integrative stick is hung through the floater and is put in the mesh of separation net, can avoid balanced biological crowd to snatch the phenomenon of eating pearl mussel bait.
(3) The counterweight part comprises an impact head and a counterweight head which are fixedly connected, the impact head is positioned on the upper side of the counterweight head and is connected with the bait barrel, the lower end part of the counterweight head is a round head, the round head can reduce the resistance of water on one hand and is convenient to sink smoothly, and on the other hand, the counterweight head is also favorable for being inserted into meshes of the separation net smoothly.
(4) Strike head and bait cylinder threaded connection, and strike inside the overhead end of beating extends to the bait cylinder, strike overhead end and be the button head, the mode of threaded connection can conveniently strike the head and fix with the separation with the bait cylinder, makes things convenient for the blowing and changes, and the setting of button head can make the bait in the bait cylinder evenly flow from bath hole department, reduces the hold-up.
(5) The flushing hole fixed connection helps melt the cylinder mould, and helps the aperture that melts the cylinder mould to be less than the particle diameter of bait, helps to melt the cylinder mould and extends to the bait section of thick bamboo inboard, thereby can guarantee that external water gets into by the flushing hole smoothly and helps melt the cylinder mould and soak the bait that melts in the bait section of thick bamboo, and helps the setting up of melting the cylinder mould and increased the area of contact between water and the bait, can accelerate melting of bait.
(6) First inside division of counter weight is chisel has back sample chamber and preceding sample chamber, overhead back sample chamber and the preceding sample chamber of still cutting of counter weight has back sample hole and preceding sample hole, and sample chamber and external world behind the sample hole intercommunication, sample chamber and external before the preceding sample hole intercommunication, when putting in the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample, breed in the pond water by preceding sample hole before getting into in the sample chamber, stopper ring is proclaimed oneself to preceding sample hole inner wall fixedly connected with, and proclaim oneself the stopper ring and adopt water-swelling rubber materials to make, proclaim oneself the stopper ring and meet the water and begin the inflation, it is closed until whole proclaim oneself the stopper ring, water sample in the preceding sample chamber is preserved in preceding sample chamber, take the later stage take out with the needle tubing when taking out the integrative stick of directional fertilization sample and take out the detection and compare with the water sample that obtains.
(7) The back thief hole is the setting of upwards inclining to one side, and the intercommunication department of back thief hole and back sample chamber is located the oblique upside in back sample chamber for the difficult unexpected outflow of water sample of storage in the back sample chamber.
(8) Fixedly connected with connects the rope between the integrative stick of a plurality of directional fertilization samples, is convenient for once only take out a plurality of integrative sticks of directional fertilization samples jointly.
(9) The balanced biological group is silver carp and bighead carp, the stocking proportion of the silver carp and the bighead carp is 1/4-1/3, the filter feeding pore size of the bighead carp is larger than the filter feeding pore size of the silver carp, the combination of the bighead carp and the silver carp is utilized, the two fishes are stocked at the same time, the bighead carp can filter large-scale planktonic algae, the quantity of large-scale algae is reduced, the mass propagation of small-scale planktonic algae is stimulated, and rich bait is provided for freshwater pearl mussels, so that the growth of the freshwater pearl mussels and pearls is promoted, meanwhile, the silver carp can filter a part of small and medium-scale planktonic algae, the chemical indexes of the water body can be adjusted more perfectly, the nutritive salt is reduced, the culture water body environment of the freshwater pearl mussels is fully improved, and the pollution of the culture to the surrounding; the width of the silver carps and the bighead carps is larger than the diameter of the meshes of the separation net during stocking, so that the silver carps and the bighead carps are prevented from easily passing through the separation net to enter a static breeding area where the pearl mussels are located, and the phenomenon of snatching is caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in a top view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the directional fertilization sampling integrated rod of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the self-sealing ring of the present invention in an expanded state;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 6.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1 separation net, 2 directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod, 3 connecting rope, 4 floating balls, 51 impact heads, 52 counterweight heads, 6 bait cylinders, 7 flushing holes, 8 melting assisting net cage, 9 rear sampling cavity, 10 front sampling cavity, 11 rear sampling hole, 12 front sampling hole and 13 self-sealing plug ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a water-retaining fishery method based on environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel cultivation comprises a cultivation pond for cultivating pearl mussels, wherein a balance organism group is placed in the cultivation pond, a separation net 1 is further arranged in the cultivation pond, the cultivation pond is divided into a balance area and a static cultivation area by the separation net 1, the balance area and the static cultivation area are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the separation net 1, the balance organism group and the pearl mussels are respectively positioned in the balance area and the static cultivation area, a directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 is put in the cultivation pond, a floating ball 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2, the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 is hung in a mesh of the separation net 1 through the floating ball 4, the cultivation environment of the freshwater pearl mussels in the cultivation pond is balanced by placing and cultivating the balance organism group in the cultivation pond, thereby promoting the growth of the freshwater pearl mussels and the freshwater pearl, and the fertilizing amount can be reduced under, reduce the breed cost, effectively improve quality of water, in addition, set up separation net 1 and separate balanced biological crowd and pearl mussel, use integrative stick 2 of directional fertilization sample to throw bait to the pearl mussel, can avoid taking place to robbe between balanced biological crowd and the pearl mussel and eat the phenomenon, reduce the breed bait input volume of pearl mussel, practice thrift the breed cost.
Referring to fig. 3, the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 comprises a bait cylinder 6 and a weight member, the bait cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of a floating ball 4, bait is placed inside the bait cylinder 6, a plurality of flushing holes 7 are drilled in the side end of the bait cylinder 6 from top to bottom, the weight member is connected to the lower end of the bait cylinder 6, when the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 is thrown, the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 can be kept vertically sunken under the gravity action of the weight member until the weight member with the bait cylinder 6 falls into meshes of a separation net 1, and the diameter of the floating ball 4 is larger than the aperture of the meshes of the separation net 1, so that the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod 2 is hung in the meshes of the separation net 1 through the floating ball 4, and the phenomenon that a balanced biological group snatchs pearl mussel.
Referring to fig. 3, the counterweight member includes an impact head 51 and a counterweight head 52, the impact head 51 is fixedly connected with the counterweight head 52, the impact head 51 is located on the upper side of the counterweight head 52 and is connected with the bait cartridge 6, the lower end of the counterweight head 52 is a round head, and the round head can reduce the resistance of water, facilitate smooth sinking, and facilitate the counterweight head 52 to be smoothly inserted into the meshes of the partition net 1.
Referring to fig. 4, the water flushing holes 7 are fixedly connected with the melting assisting net cage 8, the aperture of the melting assisting net cage 8 is smaller than the grain size of the bait, the melting assisting net cage 8 extends to the inner side of the bait barrel 6, external water can be guaranteed to smoothly enter the melting assisting net cage 8 from the water flushing holes 7, accordingly, the bait in the bait barrel 6 can be soaked and melted, the contact area between the water and the bait is increased due to the arrangement of the melting assisting net cage 8, and the melting of the bait can be accelerated.
Referring to fig. 5, a rear sampling cavity 9 and a front sampling cavity 10 are drilled in a counterweight head 52, a rear sampling hole 11 and a front sampling hole 12 are drilled in the counterweight head 52, the rear sampling hole 11 is communicated with the rear sampling cavity 9 and the outside, the front sampling hole 12 is communicated with the front sampling cavity 10 and the outside, when the directional fertilization sampling integrated rod 2 is put in, water in a culture pond enters the front sampling cavity 10 from the front sampling hole 12, a self-sealing ring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front sampling hole 12, the self-sealing ring 13 is made of a water-swelling rubber material, the self-sealing ring 13 starts swelling when encountering water, referring to fig. 6 and 7, until the whole self-sealing ring 13 is closed, a water sample in the front sampling cavity 10 is stored in the front sampling cavity 10, and when the directional fertilization sampling integrated rod 2 is taken out at a later stage, the water sample is extracted by a needle tube for detection and compared with the water sample obtained in the rear sampling cavity 9.
Referring to fig. 5, the rear sampling hole 11 is disposed obliquely upward, and a communication position between the rear sampling hole 11 and the rear sampling cavity 9 is located on an oblique upper side of the rear sampling cavity 9, so that a water sample stored in the rear sampling cavity 9 is not easy to flow out accidentally.
Referring to fig. 2, a connecting rope 3 is fixedly connected between the plurality of directional fertilization sampling integrated rods 2, so that the plurality of directional fertilization sampling integrated rods 2 can be taken out at one time.
The balanced biological group is silver carp and bighead carp, the stocking proportion of the silver carp and the bighead carp is 1/4-1/3, the filter feeding pore size of the bighead carp is larger than the filter feeding pore size of the silver carp, the combination of the bighead carp and the silver carp is utilized, the two fishes are stocked at the same time, the bighead carp can filter large-scale planktonic algae, the quantity of large-scale algae is reduced, the mass propagation of small-scale planktonic algae is stimulated, and rich bait is provided for freshwater pearl mussels, so that the growth of the freshwater pearl mussels and pearls is promoted, meanwhile, the silver carp can filter a part of small and medium-scale planktonic algae, the chemical indexes of the water body can be adjusted more perfectly, the nutritive salt is reduced, the culture water body environment of the freshwater pearl mussels is fully improved, and the pollution of the culture to the surrounding; the width of the silver carps and the bighead carps is larger than the diameter of the meshes of the separation net 1 during stocking, so that the silver carps and the bighead carps are prevented from easily passing through the separation net 1 to enter a static breeding area where the pearl mussels are located, and the phenomenon of snatching is caused.
Compared with the method for fertilizing water quality to provide bait for the pearl mussels by means of applying a large amount of organic fertilizer in the prior art, the scheme balances the culture water environment of the fresh water pearl mussels in the culture pond by placing and culturing the balance organism group in the culture pond, so that the growth of the fresh water pearl mussels and pearls is promoted, the fertilizing amount can be reduced under the same proportion condition, the culture cost is reduced, and the water quality is effectively improved; in addition, utilize the input of integrative stick 2 of directional fertilization sample to carry out sample contrast around automatically to the water of breeding in the pond, save extra sample operation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The water-retaining fishery method based on environment-repairable freshwater pearl mussel cultivation comprises a cultivation pond for cultivating pearl mussels, and is characterized in that: a balanced biological group is cultivated in the cultivation pond, a separation net (1) is further arranged in the cultivation pond, the separation net (1) divides the cultivation pond into a balance area and a static cultivation area, the balance area and the static cultivation area are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the separation net (1), the balanced biological group and the pearl mussel are respectively located in the balance area and the static cultivation area, a directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod (2) is put in the cultivation pond, a floating ball (4) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod (2), and the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod (2) is hung in meshes of the separation net (1) through the floating ball (4); the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rod (2) comprises a bait cylinder (6) and a counterweight, the bait cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the floating ball (4), bait is placed inside the bait cylinder (6), a plurality of flushing holes (7) are cut at the side end of the bait cylinder (6) from top to bottom, and the counterweight is connected to the lower end of the bait cylinder (6); the counterweight part comprises an impact head (51) and a counterweight head (52), the impact head (51) and the counterweight head (52) are fixedly connected, the impact head (51) is positioned on the upper side of the counterweight head (52) and is connected with the bait barrel (6), and the lower end part of the counterweight head (52) is a round head; a rear sampling cavity (9) and a front sampling cavity (10) are formed in the counterweight head (52), a rear sampling hole (11) and a front sampling hole (12) are also formed in the counterweight head (52), the rear sampling hole (11) is communicated with the rear sampling cavity (9) and the outside, and the front sampling hole (12) is communicated with the front sampling cavity (10) and the outside; the rear sampling hole (11) is arranged obliquely upwards, and the communication position of the rear sampling hole (11) and the rear sampling cavity (9) is positioned on the oblique upper side of the rear sampling cavity (9); the inner wall of the front sampling hole (12) is fixedly connected with a self-sealing plug ring (13), and the self-sealing plug ring (13) is made of water-swelling rubber material.
2. The water conservation fishery method based on the environmentally repairable type freshwater pearl mussel cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: strike head (51) and bait section of thick bamboo (6) threaded connection, and strike inside head (51) upper end extends to bait section of thick bamboo (6), strike head (51) upper end and be the button head.
3. The water conservation fishery method based on the environmentally repairable type freshwater pearl mussel cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed connection of the flushing hole (7) helps to melt the net cage (8), and the aperture of the net cage (8) is smaller than the grain size of the bait.
4. The water conservation fishery method based on the environmentally repairable type freshwater pearl mussel cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: a connecting rope (3) is fixedly connected between the directional fertilization and sampling integrated rods (2).
5. The water conservation fishery method based on the environmentally repairable type freshwater pearl mussel cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balanced biological group is silver carp and bighead carp, the stocking ratio of the silver carp and the bighead carp is 1/4-1/3, and the width of the silver carp and the bighead carp is larger than the diameter of the mesh of the separation net (1) during stocking.
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