CN110365242B - A high-efficiency inverter circuit and its control method and inverter device - Google Patents
A high-efficiency inverter circuit and its control method and inverter device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
本发明公开一种高效逆变电路及其控制方法、逆变装置，通过第一电压反馈电路获取DC‑DC转换单元的输出电压情况以获取第一电压反馈信号，第一主控电路根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC‑DC转换单元的转换控制信号，此时的DC‑DC转换单元处于闭环控制状态；再设置电流反馈电路检测DC‑AC转换单元的输出电流情况以获取电流反馈信号，第一主控电路根据电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，在输出开环控制信号的情形下，开环控制电路根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈，此时的DC‑DC转换单元处于开环控制状态，DC‑DC转换单元以最大转换效率工作，提高电路利用率，有效提高了逆变电路的转换效率；逆变装置由于具有高转换效率的逆变电路，逆变装置的转换效率高。
The invention discloses a high-efficiency inverter circuit and its control method and inverter device. The output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit is obtained through the first voltage feedback circuit to obtain the first voltage feedback signal. The first main control circuit is based on the first voltage feedback circuit. The voltage feedback signal output controls the conversion control signal of the DC-DC conversion unit. At this time, the DC-DC conversion unit is in a closed-loop control state; a current feedback circuit is then set to detect the output current of the DC-AC conversion unit to obtain the current feedback signal. A main control circuit controls whether to output an open-loop control signal according to the current feedback signal. When the open-loop control signal is output, the open-loop control circuit interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal. At this time, the DC‑ The DC conversion unit is in an open-loop control state, and the DC‑DC conversion unit works at maximum conversion efficiency, improving circuit utilization and effectively improving the conversion efficiency of the inverter circuit; the inverter device has an inverter circuit with high conversion efficiency, and the inverter The conversion efficiency of the device is high.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及逆变领域，尤其是一种直流转换电路及其控制方法、直流转换装置。The invention relates to the field of inverter, in particular to a DC conversion circuit and its control method, and a DC conversion device.
背景技术Background technique
逆变器是把直流电能转变成交流电的设备。它一般由逆变桥、控制逻辑和滤波电路组成。逆变器已广泛适用于空调、家庭影院、电动砂轮、电动工具、缝纫机、DVD、VCD、电脑、电视、洗衣机、抽油烟机、冰箱，录像机、按摩器、风扇、照明等。An inverter is a device that converts DC power into AC power. It generally consists of an inverter bridge, control logic and filter circuit. Inverters have been widely used in air conditioners, home theaters, electric grinding wheels, power tools, sewing machines, DVDs, VCDs, computers, TVs, washing machines, range hoods, refrigerators, video recorders, massagers, fans, lighting, etc.
已知技术中，随着科技的发展，对逆变器提出了更高的要求，性能要求往高效率的方向发展，然而，已有的逆变器无法满足高转换效率的要求，因此，亟需对此技术做出改进。In the known technology, with the development of science and technology, higher requirements are put forward for inverters, and the performance requirements are developing in the direction of high efficiency. However, existing inverters cannot meet the requirements of high conversion efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to Improvements in this technology are needed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关记述中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种高效逆变电路及其控制方法、逆变装置，能够提高电路的转换效率。The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems described in the relevant description at least to a certain extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency inverter circuit, a control method thereof, and an inverter device, which can improve the conversion efficiency of the circuit.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
第一方面，本发明提供一种高效逆变电路，包括直流输入端、DC-DC转换单元、DC-AC转换单元、交流输出端、用于获取所述DC-DC转换单元的输出端的第一电压反馈信号的第一电压反馈电路、用于获取所述DC-AC转换单元的输出端的电流反馈信号的电流反馈电路、开环控制电路和第一主控电路；所述第一主控电路用于根据所述第一电压反馈信号输出控制所述DC-DC转换单元的工作的转换控制信号，所述第一主控电路用于根据所述电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，所述开环控制电路用于根据所述开环控制信号中断所述第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈；In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency inverter circuit, including a DC input terminal, a DC-DC conversion unit, a DC-AC conversion unit, an AC output terminal, and a first terminal for obtaining the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit. a first voltage feedback circuit for the voltage feedback signal, a current feedback circuit for obtaining the current feedback signal at the output end of the DC-AC conversion unit, an open-loop control circuit and a first main control circuit; the first main control circuit is In order to output a conversion control signal that controls the operation of the DC-DC conversion unit according to the first voltage feedback signal, the first main control circuit is used to control whether to output an open-loop control signal according to the current feedback signal, and the The open-loop control circuit is configured to interrupt the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal;
所述直流输入端与所述DC-DC转换单元的输入端连接，所述DC-DC转换单元的输出端分别与所述DC-AC转换单元的输入端、所述第一电压反馈电路的输入端连接，所述DC-AC转换单元的输出端与所述交流输出端连接，所述DC-AC转换单元的输出端与所述电流反馈电路的输入端连接，所述第一电压反馈电路的输出端、所述电流反馈电路的输出端均与所述第一主控电路的输入端连接，所述第一主控电路的输出端与所述DC-DC转换单元的控制端连接以输入所述转换控制信号，所述第一主控电路的输出端与所述开环控制电路的输入端连接，所述开环控制电路的输出端与所述第一电压反馈电路的输入端连接。The DC input terminal is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit, and the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit is respectively connected to the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit and the input of the first voltage feedback circuit. terminal is connected, the output terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit is connected to the AC output terminal, the output terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit is connected to the input terminal of the current feedback circuit, and the first voltage feedback circuit The output terminal and the output terminal of the current feedback circuit are both connected to the input terminal of the first main control circuit, and the output terminal of the first main control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit to input the For the conversion control signal, the output terminal of the first main control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the open-loop control circuit, and the output terminal of the open-loop control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit.
进一步地，所述DC-DC转换单元包括DC-DC转换电路和整流滤波电路，所述直流输入端与所述DC-DC转换电路的输入端连接，所述DC-DC转换电路的输出端与所述整流滤波电路的输入端连接，所述整流滤波电路的输出端分别与所述DC-AC转换单元的输入端、所述第一电压反馈电路的输入端连接，所述第一主控电路的输出端与所述DC-DC转换电路的控制端连接。Further, the DC-DC conversion unit includes a DC-DC conversion circuit and a rectifier and filter circuit, the DC input end is connected to the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to The input end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected, and the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit is respectively connected to the input end of the DC-AC conversion unit and the input end of the first voltage feedback circuit. The first main control circuit The output end is connected to the control end of the DC-DC conversion circuit.
进一步地，所述DC-DC转换单元还包括LC谐振电路，所述DC-DC转换电路的输出端通过所述LC谐振电路与所述整流滤波电路的输入端连接。Further, the DC-DC conversion unit further includes an LC resonant circuit, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the input end of the rectifier and filter circuit through the LC resonant circuit.
进一步地，所述高效逆变电路还包括用于获取所述DC-DC转换电路的输入端的电流反馈信号的电流检测电路，所述直流输入端通过所述电流检测电路与所述DC-DC转换电路的输入端连接，所述电流检测电路的输出端与所述第一主控电路的输入端连接。Further, the high-efficiency inverter circuit further includes a current detection circuit for obtaining a current feedback signal from an input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit, and the DC input end communicates with the DC-DC conversion through the current detection circuit. The input end of the circuit is connected, and the output end of the current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the first main control circuit.
进一步地，所述第一电压反馈电路包括运算放大器和基准电压电路，所述DC-DC转换单元的输出端与所述运算放大器的同相输入端连接，所述基准电压电路的输出端与所述运算放大器的反相输入端连接，所述运算放大器的输出端与所述第一主控电路的输入端连接。Further, the first voltage feedback circuit includes an operational amplifier and a reference voltage circuit, the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the reference voltage circuit is connected to the The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the first main control circuit.
进一步地，所述开环控制电路包括开关管和用于接收所述开环控制信号的信号输入端，所述信号输入端与所述开关管的控制端连接，所述开关管的正输出端与所述运算放大器的同相输入端连接，所述开关管的负输出端接地。Further, the open-loop control circuit includes a switch tube and a signal input terminal for receiving the open-loop control signal. The signal input terminal is connected to the control terminal of the switch tube. The positive output terminal of the switch tube It is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the negative output terminal of the switch tube is connected to the ground.
进一步地，所述DC-AC转换单元包括DC-AC转换电路、用于获取所述交流输出端的电压反馈信号的第二电压反馈电路、驱动电路和第二主控电路，所述DC-DC转换单元的输出端与所述DC-AC转换电路的输入端连接，所述DC-AC转换电路的输出端与所述交流输出端、所述电流反馈电路的输入端均连接，所述交流输出端与所述第二电压反馈电路的输入端连接，所述第二电压反馈电路的输出端与所述第二主控电路的输入端连接，所述第二主控电路的输出端与所述驱动电路的输入端连接，所述驱动电路的输出端与所述DC-AC转换电路的控制端连接。Further, the DC-AC conversion unit includes a DC-AC conversion circuit, a second voltage feedback circuit for obtaining the voltage feedback signal of the AC output terminal, a drive circuit and a second main control circuit. The DC-DC conversion The output end of the unit is connected to the input end of the DC-AC conversion circuit. The output end of the DC-AC conversion circuit is connected to both the AC output end and the input end of the current feedback circuit. The AC output end The input terminal of the second voltage feedback circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage feedback circuit. The output terminal of the second voltage feedback circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second main control circuit. The output terminal of the second main control circuit is connected to the driver. The input end of the circuit is connected, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the control end of the DC-AC conversion circuit.
进一步地，所述高效逆变电路还包括通讯电路，所述电流反馈电路的输出端与所述第二主控电路的输入端连接，所述第二主控电路与所述通讯电路连接，所述通讯电路与所述第一主控电路连接。Furthermore, the high-efficiency inverter circuit further includes a communication circuit, the output end of the current feedback circuit is connected to the input end of the second main control circuit, and the second main control circuit is connected to the communication circuit. The communication circuit is connected to the first main control circuit.
进一步地，所述高效逆变电路还包括用于获取所述DC-AC转换单元的输入端的第二电压反馈信号的电压检测电路，所述DC-DC转换单元的输出端通过所述电压检测电路与所述DC-AC转换单元的输入端连接，所述电压检测电路的输出端与所述第一主控电路的输入端连接，所述第一主控电路用于根据所述第二电压反馈信号和所述电流反馈信号控制是否输出所述开环控制信号。Further, the high-efficiency inverter circuit further includes a voltage detection circuit for obtaining the second voltage feedback signal of the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit, and the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit passes through the voltage detection circuit is connected to the input end of the DC-AC conversion unit, and the output end of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the input end of the first main control circuit. The first main control circuit is used to feedback according to the second voltage. signal and the current feedback signal control whether to output the open-loop control signal.
第二方面，本发明提供一种逆变装置，包括所述的高效逆变电路。In a second aspect, the present invention provides an inverter device, including the high-efficiency inverter circuit.
第三方面，本发明提供一种高效逆变电路的控制方法，应用于所述的高效逆变电路，包括：In a third aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a high-efficiency inverter circuit, which is applied to the high-efficiency inverter circuit and includes:
根据所述电流反馈信号判断所述高效逆变电路是否为重载；Determine whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is overloaded according to the current feedback signal;
若判断为重载，则所述第一主控电路输出开环控制信号至所述开环控制电路；If it is determined to be overloaded, the first main control circuit outputs an open-loop control signal to the open-loop control circuit;
所述开环控制电路根据所述开环控制信号中断所述第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈；The open-loop control circuit interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal;
所述第一主控电路对所述DC-DC转换单元进行开环控制。The first main control circuit performs open-loop control on the DC-DC conversion unit.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明的高效逆变电路中，通过第一电压反馈电路获取DC-DC转换单元的输出电压情况以获取第一电压反馈信号，第一主控电路根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC-DC转换单元的转换控制信号，此时的DC-DC转换单元处于闭环控制状态；另外，设置电流反馈电路检测DC-AC转换单元的输出电流情况以获取电流反馈信号，第一主控电路根据电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，在输出开环控制信号的情形下，开环控制电路根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈，此时的DC-DC转换单元处于开环控制状态，DC-DC转换单元以最大转换效率工作，提高电路利用率，有效提高了逆变电路的转换效率；克服已知技术中存在逆变器无法满足高转换效率的要求的技术问题。另一方面，逆变装置由于具有高转换效率的逆变电路，逆变装置的转换效率高。In the high-efficiency inverter circuit of the present invention, the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit is obtained through the first voltage feedback circuit to obtain the first voltage feedback signal, and the first main control circuit controls the DC-DC conversion according to the output of the first voltage feedback signal. The conversion control signal of the unit. At this time, the DC-DC conversion unit is in a closed-loop control state; in addition, a current feedback circuit is set to detect the output current of the DC-AC conversion unit to obtain the current feedback signal. The first main control circuit uses the current feedback signal to Control whether to output an open-loop control signal. When the open-loop control signal is output, the open-loop control circuit interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal. At this time, the DC-DC conversion unit is in an open-loop control state. , the DC-DC conversion unit works at maximum conversion efficiency, improves circuit utilization, and effectively improves the conversion efficiency of the inverter circuit; overcoming the technical problem in the known technology that the inverter cannot meet the requirements of high conversion efficiency. On the other hand, since the inverter device has an inverter circuit with high conversion efficiency, the conversion efficiency of the inverter device is high.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明中高效逆变电路的一种实施例的结构框图；Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a high-efficiency inverter circuit in the present invention;
图2是本发明中直流输入端、电流检测电路和DC-DC转换单元的一种实施例的电路图；Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the DC input terminal, current detection circuit and DC-DC conversion unit in the present invention;
图3是本发明中开环控制电路和第一电压反馈电路的一种实施例的电路图；Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the open-loop control circuit and the first voltage feedback circuit in the present invention;
图4是本发明中DC-AC转换单元和交流输出端的一种实施例的电路图；Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the DC-AC conversion unit and AC output terminal of the present invention;
图5是本发明中驱动电路的两种实施例的电路图；Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of two embodiments of the driving circuit in the present invention;
图6是本发明中第一主控电路、通讯电路和第二主控电路的一种实施例的电路图；Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the first main control circuit, communication circuit and second main control circuit in the present invention;
图7是本发明中供电电路的两种实施例的电路图。Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of two embodiments of the power supply circuit in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
实施例1Example 1
参考图1，图1示例性示出了高效逆变电路的结构框图，高效逆变电路包括直流输入端1、DC-DC转换单元2、DC-AC转换单元3、交流输出端4、用于获取DC-DC转换单元2的输出端的第一电压反馈信号的第一电压反馈电路10、用于获取DC-AC转换单元3的输出端的电流反馈信号的电流反馈电路、开环控制电路9和第一主控电路5；第一主控电路5用于根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC-DC转换单元2的工作的转换控制信号，第一主控电路5用于根据电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，开环控制电路9用于根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路10的电压反馈，以使第一电压反馈电路10无法进行电压反馈。Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 exemplarily shows a structural block diagram of a high-efficiency inverter circuit. The high-efficiency inverter circuit includes a DC input terminal 1, a DC-DC conversion unit 2, a DC-AC conversion unit 3, an AC output terminal 4, and A first voltage feedback circuit 10 for obtaining a first voltage feedback signal at the output end of the DC-DC conversion unit 2, a current feedback circuit for obtaining a current feedback signal at the output end of the DC-AC conversion unit 3, an open-loop control circuit 9 and a third A main control circuit 5; the first main control circuit 5 is used to output a conversion control signal that controls the operation of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 according to the first voltage feedback signal, and the first main control circuit 5 is used to control whether to output according to the current feedback signal. The open-loop control signal, the open-loop control circuit 9 is used to interrupt the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 according to the open-loop control signal, so that the first voltage feedback circuit 10 cannot perform voltage feedback.
具体地，直流输入端1与DC-DC转换单元2的输入端连接，DC-DC转换单元2的输出端分别与DC-AC转换单元3的输入端、第一电压反馈电路10的输入端连接，DC-AC转换单元3的输出端与交流输出端4连接，DC-AC转换单元3的输出端与电流反馈电路的输入端连接，第一电压反馈电路10的输出端、电流反馈电路的输出端均与第一主控电路5的输入端连接，第一主控电路5的输出端与DC-DC转换单元2的控制端连接以输入转换控制信号，第一主控电路5的输出端与开环控制电路9的输入端连接，开环控制电路9的输出端与第一电压反馈电路10的输入端连接。实际使用时，高效逆变电路通过交流输出端4与负载连接。Specifically, the DC input terminal 1 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit 2, and the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 and the input terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 respectively. , the output terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 is connected to the AC output terminal 4, the output terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 is connected to the input terminal of the current feedback circuit, the output terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 and the output terminal of the current feedback circuit The terminals are connected to the input terminal of the first main control circuit 5. The output terminal of the first main control circuit 5 is connected to the control terminal of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 to input the conversion control signal. The output terminal of the first main control circuit 5 is connected to the input terminal of the first main control circuit 5. The input terminal of the open-loop control circuit 9 is connected, and the output terminal of the open-loop control circuit 9 is connected with the input terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 . In actual use, the high-efficiency inverter circuit is connected to the load through the AC output terminal 4.
本实施例中，高效逆变电路通过第一电压反馈电路10获取DC-DC转换单元2的输出电压情况以获取第一电压反馈信号，第一主控电路5根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC-DC转换单元2的转换控制信号，此时的DC-DC转换单元2处于闭环控制状态；另外，设置电流反馈电路检测DC-AC转换单元3的输出电流情况以获取电流反馈信号，电流反馈信号可以反映高效逆变电路所带负载的情况，例如重载和轻载，第一主控电路5根据电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，例如，根据电流反馈信号判断为重载时，输出开环控制信号，判断为轻载时，输出闭环控制信号；在输出开环控制信号的情形下，开环控制电路9根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路10的电压反馈，此时的DC-DC转换单元2处于开环控制状态，DC-DC转换单元2以最大转换效率工作，提高电路利用率，有效提高了逆变电路的转换效率；克服已知技术中存在逆变器无法满足高转换效率的要求的技术问题。而输出闭环控制信号时，开环控制电路9不中断第一电压反馈电路10的电压反馈，第一主控电路5根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC-DC转换单元2的工作的转换控制信号，即此时的DC-DC转换单元2处于闭环控制状态。In this embodiment, the high-efficiency inverter circuit obtains the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 through the first voltage feedback circuit 10 to obtain the first voltage feedback signal, and the first main control circuit 5 controls the DC output according to the first voltage feedback signal. -Conversion control signal of DC conversion unit 2. At this time, DC-DC conversion unit 2 is in a closed-loop control state; in addition, a current feedback circuit is set to detect the output current of DC-AC conversion unit 3 to obtain a current feedback signal. The current feedback signal It can reflect the load conditions of the high-efficiency inverter circuit, such as heavy load and light load. The first main control circuit 5 controls whether to output an open-loop control signal according to the current feedback signal. For example, when it is judged to be overloaded according to the current feedback signal, output When the open-loop control signal is judged to be light load, a closed-loop control signal is output; when the open-loop control signal is output, the open-loop control circuit 9 interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 according to the open-loop control signal. At this time The DC-DC conversion unit 2 is in an open-loop control state. The DC-DC conversion unit 2 works at the maximum conversion efficiency, improves circuit utilization, and effectively improves the conversion efficiency of the inverter circuit; overcoming the insufficiency of the inverter in the known technology. Technical issues that require high conversion efficiency. When outputting the closed-loop control signal, the open-loop control circuit 9 does not interrupt the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit 10, and the first main control circuit 5 outputs a conversion control signal that controls the operation of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 according to the first voltage feedback signal. , that is, the DC-DC conversion unit 2 is in a closed-loop control state at this time.
具体地，设置预设电流值，将电流反馈信号的电流值与预设电流值进行比较，当电流反馈信号的电流值大于预设电流值时，电路为重载状态，当电流反馈信号的电流值小于预设电流值时，电路为轻载状态。Specifically, a preset current value is set, and the current value of the current feedback signal is compared with the preset current value. When the current value of the current feedback signal is greater than the preset current value, the circuit is in an overload state. When the current value of the current feedback signal When the value is less than the preset current value, the circuit is in a light load state.
进一步地，参考图1，DC-DC转换单元2包括DC-DC转换电路2-1、LC谐振电路2-2和整流滤波电路2-3，高效逆变电路还包括用于获取DC-DC转换电路2-1的输入端的电流反馈信号的电流检测电路8，直流输入端1通过电流检测电路8与DC-DC转换电路2-1的输入端连接，DC-DC转换电路2-1的输出端通过LC谐振电路2-2与整流滤波电路2-3的输入端连接，整流滤波电路2-3的输出端分别与DC-AC转换单元3的输入端、第一电压反馈电路10的输入端连接，第一主控电路5的输出端与DC-DC转换电路2-1的控制端连接，电流检测电路8的输出端与第一主控电路5的输入端连接。Further, referring to Figure 1, the DC-DC conversion unit 2 includes a DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1, an LC resonant circuit 2-2 and a rectifier filter circuit 2-3. The high-efficiency inverter circuit also includes a circuit for obtaining DC-DC conversion. The current detection circuit 8 of the current feedback signal at the input end of the circuit 2-1, the DC input end 1 is connected to the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 through the current detection circuit 8, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 The LC resonant circuit 2-2 is connected to the input end of the rectifier filter circuit 2-3, and the output end of the rectifier filter circuit 2-3 is connected to the input end of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 and the input end of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 respectively. , the output terminal of the first main control circuit 5 is connected to the control terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1, and the output terminal of the current detection circuit 8 is connected to the input terminal of the first main control circuit 5.
其中，设置电流检测电路8对DC-DC转换电路2-1的输入端的电流进行检测，以实现前端的电流反馈，第一主控电路5可以知晓DC-DC转换电路2-1的输入端的电流情况；而在DC-DC转换电路2-1和整流滤波电路2-3之间设置LC谐振电路2-2，以使第一主控电路5实现对DC-DC转换电路2-1的软开关控制，降低电路中的电压尖峰，有助于进一步提高DC-DC转换的转换效率，提高高效逆变电路的转换效率。Among them, a current detection circuit 8 is set up to detect the current at the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 to achieve front-end current feedback. The first main control circuit 5 can know the current at the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1. situation; and an LC resonant circuit 2-2 is set between the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 and the rectifier filter circuit 2-3, so that the first main control circuit 5 can realize soft switching of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1. Control and reduce voltage spikes in the circuit help to further improve the conversion efficiency of DC-DC conversion and improve the conversion efficiency of high-efficiency inverter circuits.
优选地，参考图1和图2，图2示例性示出了直流输入端、电流检测电路和DC-DC转换单元的电路图，直流输入端1包括第一滤波电容CE1，输入的直流电压经第一滤波电容CE1滤波后形成第一直流电DC1。电流检测电路8包括电流反馈电阻FR1，电流反馈电阻FR1采样第一直流电DC1(也即DC-DC转换电路2-1的输入电流)并通过输出端IS1传输至第一主控电路5的输入端。本实施例中，第一主控电路5包括单片机等处理器，利用处理器作为主控中心，控制高效逆变电路的前半部分电路(也即DC-DC转换部分电路)的工作。Preferably, with reference to Figures 1 and 2, Figure 2 exemplarily shows a circuit diagram of a DC input terminal, a current detection circuit and a DC-DC conversion unit. The DC input terminal 1 includes a first filter capacitor CE1, and the input DC voltage is passed through the first filter capacitor CE1. A first direct current DC1 is formed after filtering by a filter capacitor CE1. The current detection circuit 8 includes a current feedback resistor FR1. The current feedback resistor FR1 samples the first direct current DC1 (that is, the input current of the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1) and transmits it to the input terminal of the first main control circuit 5 through the output terminal IS1. . In this embodiment, the first main control circuit 5 includes a processor such as a microcontroller. The processor is used as the main control center to control the operation of the first half of the high-efficiency inverter circuit (that is, the DC-DC conversion circuit).
参考图1和图2，DC-DC转换电路2-1包括第一功率管M1、第二功率管M2和变压器T1，直流输入端1的负端即DC1-通过电流检测电路8与第一功率管M1的负输出端、第二功率管M2的负输出端均连接，第一功率管M1的控制端PWM1、第二功率管M2的控制端PWM2分别作为DC-DC转换电路2-1的控制端，第一主控电路5的输出端输出转换控制信号至控制端PWM1和控制端PWM2；第一功率管M1的正输出端与变压器T1的第一输入端A连接，第二功率管M2的正输出端与变压器T1的第二输入端C连接，直流输入端1的正端即DC1与变压器T1的中间输入端B(也即变压器T1的中间抽头)连接，变压器T1的输出端与整流滤波电路2-3的输入端连接。本实施例中，DC-DC转换电路2-1为DC-DC升压电路，转换控制信号为互补的推挽PWM信号，利用一组互补的推挽PWM信号控制第一功率管M1、第二功率管M2交替导通以将第一直流电DC1转换成第二直流电，并将第一直流电DC1的电压值进行抬升实现直流升压。同时设置整流滤波电路2-3滤除第二直流电中的电压尖峰生成平整的第三直流电信号，第三直流电信号从整流滤波电路2-3的输出端DC2、DC2-输出至DC-AC转换单元3的输入端以及第一电压反馈电路10的输入端。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 includes a first power tube M1, a second power tube M2 and a transformer T1. The negative terminal of the DC input terminal 1, namely DC1-, is connected to the first power tube through the current detection circuit 8. The negative output terminal of the tube M1 and the negative output terminal of the second power tube M2 are both connected. The control terminal PWM1 of the first power tube M1 and the control terminal PWM2 of the second power tube M2 serve as controls for the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 respectively. terminal, the output terminal of the first main control circuit 5 outputs the conversion control signal to the control terminal PWM1 and the control terminal PWM2; the positive output terminal of the first power tube M1 is connected to the first input terminal A of the transformer T1, and the second power tube M2 The positive output terminal is connected to the second input terminal C of the transformer T1. The positive terminal of the DC input terminal 1, that is, DC1, is connected to the middle input terminal B of the transformer T1 (that is, the middle tap of the transformer T1). The output terminal of the transformer T1 is connected to the rectifier filter. The input terminals of circuit 2-3 are connected. In this embodiment, the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 is a DC-DC boost circuit, the conversion control signal is a complementary push-pull PWM signal, and a set of complementary push-pull PWM signals is used to control the first power tube M1 and the second power transistor M1. The power transistor M2 is alternately turned on to convert the first direct current DC1 into a second direct current, and increase the voltage value of the first direct current DC1 to achieve DC boosting. At the same time, the rectifier filter circuit 2-3 is set to filter out the voltage spike in the second DC power to generate a flat third DC signal. The third DC signal is output from the output terminals DC2 and DC2- of the rectifier filter circuit 2-3 to the DC-AC conversion unit. 3 and the input terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 .
更进一步地，参考图2，本实施例中，第一功率管M1和/或第二功率管M2示例性选用MOS管，MOS管的栅极为功率管的控制端，MOS管的源极为功率管的负输出端，MOS管的漏极为功率管的正输出端。而整流滤波电路2-3包括整流桥和滤波电容CE2，LC谐振电路2-2包括谐振电感Ls和谐振电容CBB1，变压器T1的第一输出端D与谐振电感Ls的一端连接，谐振电感Ls的另一端与谐振电容CBB1的一端连接，谐振电容CBB1的另一端与整流桥的输入端连接，整流桥的输出端与滤波电容CE2的输入端连接，滤波电容CE2的输出端(也即DC2和DC2-)分别与DC-AC转换单元3的输入端、第一电压反馈电路10的输入端连接。本实施例中，整流桥包括二极管D1、D2、D3和D4，而谐振电感Ls为变压器T1的自身漏感。Further, referring to Figure 2, in this embodiment, the first power tube M1 and/or the second power tube M2 are exemplarily selected as MOS tubes. The gate of the MOS tube is the control end of the power tube, and the source of the MOS tube is the power tube. The negative output terminal of the MOS tube is the positive output terminal of the power tube. The rectifier filter circuit 2-3 includes a rectifier bridge and filter capacitor CE2, and the LC resonant circuit 2-2 includes a resonant inductor Ls and a resonant capacitor CBB1. The first output terminal D of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of the resonant inductor Ls, and the resonant inductor Ls The other end is connected to one end of the resonant capacitor CBB1, the other end of the resonant capacitor CBB1 is connected to the input end of the rectifier bridge, the output end of the rectifier bridge is connected to the input end of the filter capacitor CE2, and the output end of the filter capacitor CE2 (that is, DC2 and DC2 -) are connected to the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 and the input terminal of the first voltage feedback circuit 10 respectively. In this embodiment, the rectifier bridge includes diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4, and the resonant inductor Ls is the leakage inductance of the transformer T1.
在没有增加LC谐振电路2-2时，DC-DC转换电路2-1中的第一功率管M1、第二功率管M2工作在硬开关状态下，功率管工作在硬开关状态下时，会在电路中产生很高的电压尖峰，同时将会导致功率管的开关损耗增加，产生的电压尖峰会通过变压器T1会成比例的传递到整流滤波电路2-3，同时给整流滤波电路2-3也带来了更高的损耗，进而影响高效逆变电路的整体转换效率。在设置LC谐振电路2-2后，第二直流电经谐振电感Ls与谐振电容CBB1串联谐振后，使得功率管(第一功率管M1、第二功率管M2)工作在软开关状态下，降低了电路中的电压尖峰，有助于进一步提高高效逆变电路的转换效率。When the LC resonant circuit 2-2 is not added, the first power tube M1 and the second power tube M2 in the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 work in the hard switching state. When the power tube works in the hard switching state, there will be A very high voltage spike is generated in the circuit, which will also increase the switching loss of the power tube. The generated voltage spike will be proportionally transmitted to the rectifier filter circuit 2-3 through the transformer T1, and at the same time, it will be transmitted to the rectifier filter circuit 2-3. It also brings higher losses, which in turn affects the overall conversion efficiency of the high-efficiency inverter circuit. After setting up the LC resonant circuit 2-2, the second DC current resonates in series through the resonant inductor Ls and the resonant capacitor CBB1, causing the power tubes (the first power tube M1 and the second power tube M2) to work in a soft switching state, reducing the The voltage spike in the circuit helps to further improve the conversion efficiency of the high-efficiency inverter circuit.
进一步地，参考图1和图3，图3是本发明中开环控制电路和第一电压反馈电路的一种实施例的电路图，第一电压反馈电路10包括运算放大器IC1和基准电压电路，DC-DC转换单元2的输出端(即DC2)与运算放大器IC1的同相输入端连接，基准电压电路的输出端与运算放大器IC1的反相输入端连接，运算放大器IC1的输出端FB1与第一主控电路5的输入端连接。其中，基准电压电路包括直流电源VCC2、分压电阻R27和R35，它们实现了为运算放大器IC1提供一个基准电压，基准电压的电压数值大小可以自由设置，在此不作限定。在闭环控制状态下，运算放大器IC1将输出端DC2的输出电压(也即第三直流电的电压)与基准电压进行对比以实现电压反馈，当输出端DC2的电压大于设定的基准电压时，运算放大器IC1经过光耦PC1隔离后从输出端FB1输出第一电压反馈信号至第一主控电路5，则第一主控电路5可以知晓DC-DC转换单元2的输出电压(即第三直流电信号)过高的情况，可以及时调整转换控制信号，以控制第三直流电信号的电压恢复稳定。Further, referring to Figures 1 and 3, Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an open-loop control circuit and a first voltage feedback circuit in the present invention. The first voltage feedback circuit 10 includes an operational amplifier IC1 and a reference voltage circuit, DC -The output terminal of the DC conversion unit 2 (i.e., DC2) is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC1, the output terminal of the reference voltage circuit is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC1, and the output terminal FB1 of the operational amplifier IC1 is connected to the first main The input terminal of control circuit 5 is connected. Among them, the reference voltage circuit includes DC power supply VCC2, voltage dividing resistors R27 and R35, which provide a reference voltage for the operational amplifier IC1. The voltage value of the reference voltage can be set freely and is not limited here. In the closed-loop control state, the operational amplifier IC1 compares the output voltage of the output terminal DC2 (that is, the voltage of the third direct current) with the reference voltage to achieve voltage feedback. When the voltage of the output terminal DC2 is greater than the set reference voltage, the operational amplifier IC1 After being isolated by the optocoupler PC1, the amplifier IC1 outputs the first voltage feedback signal from the output terminal FB1 to the first main control circuit 5. Then the first main control circuit 5 can know the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit 2 (i.e., the third direct current signal ) is too high, the conversion control signal can be adjusted in time to control the voltage of the third DC signal to return to stability.
参考图1、图2和图3，开环控制电路9包括开关管Q2和用于接收开环控制信号的信号输入端OPEN_PWM，信号输入端OPEN_PWM与开关管Q2的控制端连接，开关管Q2的正输出端与运算放大器IC1的同相输入端连接，开关管Q2的负输出端接地。本实施例中，开关管Q2的负输出端与整流滤波电路2-3的输出端负端DC2-连接，也即接地；而开关管Q2示例性选用NPN三极管，NPN三极管的基极为开关管的控制端，NPN三极管的集电极为开关管的正输出端，NPN三极管的发射极为开关管的负输出端。Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the open-loop control circuit 9 includes a switch tube Q2 and a signal input terminal OPEN_PWM for receiving an open-loop control signal. The signal input terminal OPEN_PWM is connected to the control terminal of the switch tube Q2. The switch tube Q2 The positive output terminal is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC1, and the negative output terminal of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the ground. In this embodiment, the negative output terminal of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the negative terminal DC2- of the output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit 2-3, that is, grounded; and the switch tube Q2 is an NPN transistor, and the base of the NPN transistor is the switching tube. At the control end, the collector of the NPN transistor is the positive output terminal of the switch tube, and the emitter of the NPN transistor is the negative output terminal of the switch tube.
本实施例中，当电流反馈信号反映高效逆变电路所带的负载情况为轻载时，即DC-AC转换单元的输出电流较小，此时，由第一主控电路输出低电平(也即闭环控制信号)至信号输入端OPEN_PWM以控制DC-DC转换单元处于闭环控制状态，第一电压反馈电路可以正常反映第三直流电信号的电压的情况，第一主控电路根据第一电压反馈信号输出推挽PWM信号(也即转换控制信号)至DC-DC转换电路以控制第三直流电信号稳定，此时，推挽PWM信号的占空比不断进行调整以使第三直流电信号稳定。In this embodiment, when the current feedback signal reflects that the load of the high-efficiency inverter circuit is light load, that is, the output current of the DC-AC conversion unit is small, at this time, the first main control circuit outputs a low level ( That is, the closed-loop control signal) is sent to the signal input terminal OPEN_PWM to control the DC-DC conversion unit to be in a closed-loop control state. The first voltage feedback circuit can normally reflect the voltage of the third DC signal. The first main control circuit feedbacks the voltage according to the first voltage. The signal outputs the push-pull PWM signal (that is, the conversion control signal) to the DC-DC conversion circuit to control the stability of the third direct current signal. At this time, the duty cycle of the push-pull PWM signal is continuously adjusted to stabilize the third direct current signal.
当电流反馈信号反映高效逆变电路所带的负载情况为重载时，即DC-AC转换单元的输出电流较大，此时，由第一主控电路输出高电平(开环控制信号)至信号输入端OPEN_PWM以控制DC-DC转换单元处于开环控制状态，开环控制信号通过开关管Q2拉低运算放大器IC1的同相输入端的电平，以屏蔽对第三直流电信号的电压反馈，以使第一主控电路无法检测到第一电压反馈信号，此时第一主控电路由于无法检测到第一电压反馈信号，将推挽PWM信号输出到最大占空比以进行开环控制，此时的最大占空比不超过50％，最大的占空比的数值可以自由设置；值得注意的是，在开环控制下需保证第三直流电压必须在电路的设计范围内，由于开环控制时推挽PWM信号始终是最大的占空比，相比闭环控制时推挽PWM信号不断进行调整，开环控制可充分传递能量，提高电路的最大利用率，从而增加电路的转换效率，提升了高效逆变电路整体的转换效率。When the current feedback signal reflects that the load condition of the high-efficiency inverter circuit is heavy load, that is, the output current of the DC-AC conversion unit is large, at this time, the first main control circuit outputs a high level (open-loop control signal) to the signal input terminal OPEN_PWM to control the DC-DC conversion unit to be in an open-loop control state. The open-loop control signal pulls down the level of the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier IC1 through the switch Q2 to shield the voltage feedback of the third DC signal. The first main control circuit cannot detect the first voltage feedback signal. At this time, because the first main control circuit cannot detect the first voltage feedback signal, it outputs the push-pull PWM signal to the maximum duty cycle for open-loop control. This The maximum duty cycle does not exceed 50%, and the value of the maximum duty cycle can be set freely; it is worth noting that under open-loop control, it is necessary to ensure that the third DC voltage must be within the design range of the circuit. Due to open-loop control When the push-pull PWM signal is always at the maximum duty cycle, compared to the closed-loop control where the push-pull PWM signal is continuously adjusted, open-loop control can fully transfer energy and improve the maximum utilization of the circuit, thereby increasing the conversion efficiency of the circuit and improving The overall conversion efficiency of the high-efficiency inverter circuit.
更进一步地，参考图1，DC-AC转换单元3包括DC-AC转换电路3-1、用于获取DC-AC转换电路3-1的输入端(也即DC-AC转换单元3的输入端)的第二电压反馈信号的电压检测电路3-2、用于获取交流输出端4的电压反馈信号的第二电压反馈电路3-5、驱动电路3-3和第二主控电路3-6，本实施例中，DC-AC转换单元3包括电流反馈电路3-4，DC-AC转换电路3-1的输出端作为DC-AC转换单元3的输出端，具体地，DC-DC转换单元2的输出端通过电压检测电路3-2与DC-AC转换电路3-1的输入端连接，DC-AC转换电路3-1的输出端与交流输出端4、电流反馈电路3-4的输入端均连接，交流输出端4与第二电压反馈电路3-5的输入端连接，第二电压反馈电路3-5的输出端、电压检测电路3-2的输出端与第二主控电路3-6的输入端连接，第二主控电路3-6的输出端与驱动电路3-3的输入端连接，驱动电路3-3的输出端与DC-AC转换电路3-1的控制端连接。Further, referring to FIG. 1 , the DC-AC conversion unit 3 includes a DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 and an input terminal for obtaining the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 (that is, the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion unit 3 ), the second voltage feedback signal voltage detection circuit 3-2, the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5 for obtaining the voltage feedback signal of the AC output terminal 4, the drive circuit 3-3 and the second main control circuit 3-6 , in this embodiment, the DC-AC conversion unit 3 includes a current feedback circuit 3-4, and the output end of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 serves as the output end of the DC-AC conversion unit 3. Specifically, the DC-DC conversion unit The output terminal of 2 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 through the voltage detection circuit 3-2, and the output terminal of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 is connected to the AC output terminal 4 and the input of the current feedback circuit 3-4. terminals are connected, the AC output terminal 4 is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5, the output terminal of the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5 and the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit 3-2 are connected to the second main control circuit 3 The input terminal of -6 is connected, the output terminal of the second main control circuit 3-6 is connected with the input terminal of the driving circuit 3-3, and the output terminal of the driving circuit 3-3 is connected with the control terminal of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1. .
其中，设置电压检测电路3-2对DC-AC转换电路3-1的输入端的电压进行检测，以使第二主控电路3-6知晓DC-AC转换电路3-1的输入端的电压情况；而设置驱动电路3-3和第二主控电路3-6对DC-AC转换电路3-1进行驱动控制，使得DC-AC转换的过程可控，增强电路的稳定性和安全性。另外，设置第二电压反馈电路3-5检测交流输出端4的电压情况，使得第二主控电路3-6可以根据第二电压反馈电路3-5获取的电压反馈信号控制DC-AC转换电路3-1的工作，以使DC-AC转换电路3-1输出的交流电信号保持稳定。具体地，第二主控电路3-6包括单片机等处理器，处理器作为主控中心，控制后端DC-AC转换部分电路的工作。Among them, the voltage detection circuit 3-2 is set to detect the voltage of the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1, so that the second main control circuit 3-6 knows the voltage situation of the input terminal of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1; The driving circuit 3-3 and the second main control circuit 3-6 are provided to drive and control the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1, making the DC-AC conversion process controllable and enhancing the stability and safety of the circuit. In addition, a second voltage feedback circuit 3-5 is provided to detect the voltage of the AC output terminal 4, so that the second main control circuit 3-6 can control the DC-AC conversion circuit according to the voltage feedback signal obtained by the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5. 3-1 to keep the alternating current signal output by the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 stable. Specifically, the second main control circuit 3-6 includes a processor such as a microcontroller. The processor serves as the main control center and controls the work of the back-end DC-AC conversion circuit.
更进一步地，参考图1，高效逆变电路还包括通讯电路6，电流反馈电路3-4的输出端与第二主控电路3-6的输入端连接，第二主控电路3-6与通讯电路6连接，通讯电路6与第一主控电路5连接。由于设置了通讯电路6，可以实现第一主控电路5与第二主控电路3-6之间的数据交换，有助于前端的DC-DC转换部分与后端的DC-AC转换部分的电路结构和功能的稳定性，前后两部分的数据可以互相分享，增强高效逆变电路的稳定性。具体地，由于第一主控电路5和第二主控电路3-6之间可以进行通信，则开环控制时，可以由第二主控电路3-6对电流反馈电路3-4获取的电流反馈信号进行负载轻载或重载的判断，当判断重载时，由第二主控电路3-6生成开环控制信号，再通过通讯电路6将开环控制信号传送给第一主控电路5，再由第一主控电路5根据开环控制信号控制开环控制电路9工作，以控制DC-DC转换电路处于开环控制状态。同理，当判断轻载时，控制DC-DC转换电路处于闭环控制状态。可以想到的，也可以是由第二主控电路3-6直接根据电流反馈电路3-4获取的电流反馈信号进行处理判断，在重载时生成开环控制信号控制开环控制电路工作，在轻载时生成闭环控制信号控制开环控制电路不起作用。Further, referring to Figure 1, the high-efficiency inverter circuit also includes a communication circuit 6. The output end of the current feedback circuit 3-4 is connected to the input end of the second main control circuit 3-6. The second main control circuit 3-6 is connected to the input end of the second main control circuit 3-6. The communication circuit 6 is connected, and the communication circuit 6 is connected with the first main control circuit 5 . Due to the communication circuit 6, data exchange between the first main control circuit 5 and the second main control circuit 3-6 can be realized, which is helpful for the circuits of the front-end DC-DC conversion part and the back-end DC-AC conversion part. The stability of the structure and function, the data of the front and back parts can be shared with each other, enhancing the stability of the high-efficiency inverter circuit. Specifically, since the first main control circuit 5 and the second main control circuit 3-6 can communicate, during open-loop control, the current feedback circuit 3-4 can be obtained by the second main control circuit 3-6. The current feedback signal determines whether the load is light or heavy. When the load is determined to be heavy, the second main control circuit 3-6 generates an open-loop control signal, and then transmits the open-loop control signal to the first main control through the communication circuit 6. In the circuit 5, the first main control circuit 5 controls the operation of the open-loop control circuit 9 according to the open-loop control signal to control the DC-DC conversion circuit to be in an open-loop control state. In the same way, when the light load is judged, the DC-DC conversion circuit is controlled to be in a closed-loop control state. It is conceivable that the second main control circuit 3-6 can directly process and judge based on the current feedback signal obtained by the current feedback circuit 3-4, and generate an open-loop control signal to control the operation of the open-loop control circuit during overload. At light load, the closed-loop control signal generated to control the open-loop control circuit does not work.
具体地，参考图1和图4，图4示例性示出了DC-AC转换单元和交流输出端的电路图；DC-AC转换电路3-1包括第三功率管M3、第四功率管M4、第五功率管M5、第六功率管M6、电感L2以及第二滤波电容CBB2，第三功率管M3的控制端、第四功率管M4的控制端、第五功率管M5的控制端、第六功率管M6的控制端分别与驱动电路3-3的输出端(即HO1、LO1、HO2、LO2)连接，驱动电路3-3包括桥驱动芯片；参考图5和图6，图5提供了驱动电路的两种实现电路：第一种驱动电路3-3A和第二种驱动电路3-3B，图6示例性示出了第一主控电路、通讯电路和第二主控电路的电路图；以第一种驱动电路3-3A为例，桥驱动芯片(即IC4和IC6)可以采用IR2110型号的桥驱动芯片来实现，其中，桥驱动芯片的控制端与第二主控电路3-6的输出端连接以接收PWM驱动信号PWM1L、PWM1H、PWM2L、PWM2H，并根据PWM驱动信号控制功率管的工作，其中PWM1L、PWM1H和PWM2L、PWM2H为两组互补驱动信号，第二主控电路3-6通过驱动电路控制两组第三功率管M3、第六功率管M6和第五功率管M5、第四功率管M4交替导通实现全桥逆变，并通过电感L2与第二滤波电容CBB2滤波，最终将第三直流电信号转换成交流电信号AC1(如图4中的AC1_L和AC1_N)；DC-AC转换电路3-1的输出端与交流输出端4连接，交流输出端4包括共模电感LF1和电容CX1，交流电信号AC1通过共模电感LF1和电容CX1低通滤波后，可以转变成平滑的交流电信号。Specifically, referring to Figures 1 and 4, Figure 4 exemplarily shows a circuit diagram of the DC-AC conversion unit and the AC output end; the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 includes a third power tube M3, a fourth power tube M4, The fifth power tube M5, the sixth power tube M6, the inductor L2 and the second filter capacitor CBB2, the control terminal of the third power tube M3, the control terminal of the fourth power tube M4, the control terminal of the fifth power tube M5, the sixth power tube The control terminals of tube M6 are respectively connected to the output terminals (i.e. HO1, LO1, HO2, LO2) of the drive circuit 3-3. The drive circuit 3-3 includes a bridge driver chip; refer to Figures 5 and 6, Figure 5 provides the drive circuit Two implementation circuits: the first driving circuit 3-3A and the second driving circuit 3-3B. Figure 6 exemplarily shows the circuit diagram of the first main control circuit, the communication circuit and the second main control circuit; with the first Taking a drive circuit 3-3A as an example, the bridge drive chips (i.e. IC4 and IC6) can be implemented using the IR2110 model bridge drive chip. Among them, the control end of the bridge drive chip and the output end of the second main control circuit 3-6 Connect to receive PWM drive signals PWM1L, PWM1H, PWM2L, PWM2H, and control the work of the power tube according to the PWM drive signals. PWM1L, PWM1H and PWM2L, PWM2H are two sets of complementary drive signals. The second main control circuit 3-6 is driven by The circuit controls two groups of the third power tube M3, the sixth power tube M6, the fifth power tube M5, and the fourth power tube M4 to conduct alternately to achieve full-bridge inversion, and filter through the inductor L2 and the second filter capacitor CBB2, and finally The third direct current signal is converted into an alternating current signal AC1 (AC1_L and AC1_N in Figure 4); the output end of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 is connected to the AC output end 4, and the AC output end 4 includes a common mode inductor LF1 and a capacitor. CX1, the alternating current signal AC1 can be converted into a smooth alternating current signal after being low-pass filtered by the common mode inductor LF1 and the capacitor CX1.
进一步地，参考图4和图5，第二种驱动电路3-3B采用的桥驱动芯片为IR2106型号的桥驱动芯片，与第一种驱动电路3-3A相同，第二种驱动电路3-3B接收第二主控电路3-6的PWM驱动信号以控制功率管的工作。参考图6，以第一种驱动电路3-3A为例，第二主控电路3-6包括单片机(未示出)，利用第二接口JP2实现单片机与驱动电路、通讯电路6、第二电压反馈电路3-5、电流反馈电路3-4之间的连接。同理，参考图2，第一主控电路5的单片机通过第一接口JP1与电流检测电路8、DC-DC转换电路2-1、通讯电路6、第一电压反馈电路10连接。Further, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the bridge drive chip used in the second drive circuit 3-3B is an IR2106 bridge drive chip, which is the same as the first drive circuit 3-3A. The second drive circuit 3-3B Receive the PWM drive signal from the second main control circuit 3-6 to control the operation of the power tube. Referring to Figure 6, taking the first driving circuit 3-3A as an example, the second main control circuit 3-6 includes a single-chip microcomputer (not shown), and the second interface JP2 is used to implement the single-chip microcomputer, the driving circuit, the communication circuit 6, and the second voltage Connection between feedback circuit 3-5 and current feedback circuit 3-4. Similarly, referring to Figure 2, the microcontroller of the first main control circuit 5 is connected to the current detection circuit 8, the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1, the communication circuit 6, and the first voltage feedback circuit 10 through the first interface JP1.
进一步地，参考图1、图4和图6，第二电压反馈电路3-5与交流输出端4连接，第二电压反馈电路3-5采样交流输出端4的交流电压信号并将信号输出到第二主控电路3-6的反馈输入端FB2。第二主控电路3-6通过输入端FB2的反馈信号运算出可稳定交流电信号的脉宽信号，将脉宽信号通过PWM1L、PWM1H、PWM2L、PWM2H输出到驱动电路3-3以控制DC-AC转换电路3-1的工作，达到控制交流电信号稳定的目的。而电压检测电路3-2通过电阻分压采样输入DC-AC转换电路3-1的电压大小，具体，电压检测电路3-2包括电阻R2、R3和R4，获得DC-AC转换电路3-1的输入端的第二电压反馈信号后通过VDC2输入第二主控电路3-6，则第二主控电路3-6可以知晓DC-AC转换电路3-1输入端电压的情况。更进一步地，电流反馈电路3-4包括电阻R5和R6，通过R5和R6可以采样DC-AC转换电路输出端的电流大小。而通讯电路6包括光耦PC2和PC3，不仅实现光耦隔离，还能实现第一主控电路5与第二主控电路3-6之前的通信。Further, referring to Figures 1, 4 and 6, the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5 is connected to the AC output terminal 4, and the second voltage feedback circuit 3-5 samples the AC voltage signal of the AC output terminal 4 and outputs the signal to The feedback input terminal FB2 of the second main control circuit 3-6. The second main control circuit 3-6 calculates a pulse width signal that can stabilize the AC signal through the feedback signal of the input terminal FB2, and outputs the pulse width signal to the drive circuit 3-3 through PWM1L, PWM1H, PWM2L, and PWM2H to control the DC- The work of the AC conversion circuit 3-1 achieves the purpose of controlling the stability of the AC signal. The voltage detection circuit 3-2 samples the voltage input to the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 through resistor voltage division. Specifically, the voltage detection circuit 3-2 includes resistors R2, R3 and R4 to obtain the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1. The second voltage feedback signal at the input end is then input into the second main control circuit 3-6 through VDC2, and then the second main control circuit 3-6 can know the voltage at the input end of the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1. Furthermore, the current feedback circuit 3-4 includes resistors R5 and R6, through which the current at the output end of the DC-AC conversion circuit can be sampled. The communication circuit 6 includes optocouplers PC2 and PC3, which not only realizes optocoupler isolation, but also realizes communication between the first main control circuit 5 and the second main control circuit 3-6.
另外，值得注意的是，参考图1，第一主控电路还可以根据第二电压反馈信号和电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，具体地，根据第二反馈电压信号可以进行转换以获得经过DC-AC转换电路3-1转换后输出的交流电压的大小，再根据输出的交流电压和电流反馈信号获取输出功率的大小，第一主控电路根据输出功率的大小判断高效逆变电路是否为重载或轻载，可以设定输出功率阈值，根据输出功率阈值与获得输出功率进行比较判断，当输出功率大于输出功率阈值时，电路为重载，反之，电路为轻载；判断为重载时，输出开环控制信号控制第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈中断。判断为轻载时，则输出闭环控制信号控制DC-DC转换电路处于闭环控制状态。进一步地，本实施例中，交流电压的计算公式为，U交＝[(U反2*ZMAX)/√2]*z，其中，U反2为第二反馈电压信号的电压数值大小，ZMAX为PWM驱动信号最大的占空比，而z为DC-AC转换电路的转换效率，而输出功率的计算公式为P＝U交I，其中，I为电流反馈信号的电流数值大小。In addition, it is worth noting that, referring to Figure 1, the first main control circuit can also control whether to output an open-loop control signal according to the second voltage feedback signal and the current feedback signal. Specifically, it can be converted according to the second feedback voltage signal to obtain The size of the AC voltage output after the DC-AC conversion circuit 3-1 is converted, and then the size of the output power is obtained based on the output AC voltage and current feedback signal. The first main control circuit determines whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is based on the size of the output power. For heavy load or light load, you can set the output power threshold and compare it with the obtained output power. When the output power is greater than the output power threshold, the circuit is overloaded. On the contrary, the circuit is lightly loaded. It is judged as heavy load. When loading, the open-loop control signal is output to control the voltage feedback interruption of the first voltage feedback circuit. When it is determined that the load is light, the closed-loop control signal is output to control the DC-DC conversion circuit to be in a closed-loop control state. Further, in this embodiment, the calculation formula of the AC voltage is, U = [(U inverse 2 *Z MAX )/√2]*z, where U inverse 2 is the voltage value of the second feedback voltage signal, Z MAX is the maximum duty cycle of the PWM drive signal, and z is the conversion efficiency of the DC-AC conversion circuit, and the calculation formula of the output power is P = U crossed I, where I is the current value of the current feedback signal.
容易想到的，也可以直接由第二主控电路根据第二电压反馈信号和电流反馈信号控制是否输出开环控制信号，计算出输出功率后进行开闭环控制。或者是由第二主控电路计算出输出功率并得出开闭环控制结果后，再通过通讯电路传输至第一主控电路去控制开闭环。It is easy to imagine that the second main control circuit can also directly control whether to output the open-loop control signal according to the second voltage feedback signal and the current feedback signal, and then perform open-loop and closed-loop control after calculating the output power. Alternatively, the second main control circuit calculates the output power and obtains the open and closed loop control results, and then transmits them to the first main control circuit through the communication circuit to control the open and closed loops.
另一方面，第二主控电路可以根据电流反馈信号和第二电压反馈电路获取的电压反馈信号获得输出功率(P＝UI)的大小，再根据输出功率的大小判断高效逆变电路处于轻载或重载，最后根据轻载或重载的情况控制开环控制电路的工作，但是这一输出功率用于判断轻载或重载的误差较大。同理，也可以是由第一主控电路根据电流反馈信号和第二电压反馈电路获取的电压反馈信号获得输出功率的大小，再根据输出功率的大小判断高效逆变电路处于轻载或重载，最后根据轻载或重载的情况控制开环控制电路的工作。同样地，也可以是由第二主控电路做出轻载或重载的判断之后，将开闭环控制结果传输至第一主控电路去控制开环控制电路的工作。On the other hand, the second main control circuit can obtain the output power (P=UI) based on the current feedback signal and the voltage feedback signal obtained by the second voltage feedback circuit, and then determine that the high-efficiency inverter circuit is under light load based on the output power. Or heavy load, and finally the operation of the open-loop control circuit is controlled according to the light load or heavy load. However, the error of using this output power to judge light load or heavy load is large. In the same way, the first main control circuit can also obtain the output power based on the current feedback signal and the voltage feedback signal obtained by the second voltage feedback circuit, and then determine whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is under light load or heavy load based on the output power. , and finally controls the operation of the open-loop control circuit according to light load or heavy load conditions. Similarly, after the second main control circuit makes a judgment of light load or heavy load, the open and closed loop control results can be transmitted to the first main control circuit to control the operation of the open loop control circuit.
另外，参考图1，高效逆变电路还包括供电电路，用于为第一主控电路5和第二主控电路3-6供电，参考图6和图7，图7示例性提供了两种供电电路，如7-A所示，供电电路可以是在DC-DC转换电路2-1中的变压器T1增加供电绕组T1-4以为第一主控电路5和第二主控电路3-6提供电源，还可以结合78L12、78L05等三端稳压器(IC9和IC10)一起提供电源。供电电路也可以是由隔离变压器和电源管理芯片(UC3843、UC3844等)构成的供电电路，参考7-B，其中，IC7和IC11为三端稳压器，可以采用和IC9、IC10相同的三端稳压器而IC8为电源管理芯片。在此，不对电源电路的具体实现方案做限定。In addition, referring to Figure 1, the high-efficiency inverter circuit also includes a power supply circuit for supplying power to the first main control circuit 5 and the second main control circuit 3-6. Referring to Figures 6 and 7, Figure 7 exemplarily provides two Power supply circuit, as shown in 7-A, the power supply circuit can be a transformer T1 in the DC-DC conversion circuit 2-1 adding a power supply winding T1-4 to provide the first main control circuit 5 and the second main control circuit 3-6 The power supply can also be combined with three-terminal voltage regulators (IC9 and IC10) such as 78L12 and 78L05 to provide power. The power supply circuit can also be a power supply circuit composed of an isolation transformer and a power management chip (UC3843, UC3844, etc.). Refer to 7-B. Among them, IC7 and IC11 are three-terminal voltage regulators, and the same three-terminal voltage regulators as IC9 and IC10 can be used. voltage regulator and IC8 is the power management chip. Here, the specific implementation scheme of the power circuit is not limited.
实施例2Example 2
一种逆变装置，包括实施例1所述的高效逆变电路。逆变装置由于具有高转换效率的高效逆变电路，逆变装置的转换效率高，高效逆变电路的具体描述参考实施例1，不再赘述。An inverter device includes the high-efficiency inverter circuit described in Embodiment 1. Since the inverter device has a high-efficiency inverter circuit with high conversion efficiency, the inverter device has high conversion efficiency. For a detailed description of the high-efficiency inverter circuit, please refer to Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.
实施例3Example 3
一种高效逆变电路的控制方法，应用于实施例1所述的高效逆变电路，包括：A control method for a high-efficiency inverter circuit, applied to the high-efficiency inverter circuit described in Embodiment 1, including:
根据电流反馈信号判断高效逆变电路是否为重载；Determine whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is overloaded based on the current feedback signal;
若判断为重载，则第一主控电路输出开环控制信号至开环控制电路；If it is determined to be overloaded, the first main control circuit outputs the open-loop control signal to the open-loop control circuit;
开环控制电路根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈；The open-loop control circuit interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal;
第一主控电路对DC-DC转换单元进行开环控制。The first main control circuit performs open-loop control on the DC-DC conversion unit.
具体地，设置预设电流值，将电流反馈信号的电流值与预设电流值进行比较，当电流反馈信号的电流值大于预设电流值时，电路为重载状态，当电流反馈信号的电流值小于预设电流值时，电路为轻载状态。Specifically, a preset current value is set, and the current value of the current feedback signal is compared with the preset current value. When the current value of the current feedback signal is greater than the preset current value, the circuit is in an overload state. When the current value of the current feedback signal When the value is less than the preset current value, the circuit is in a light load state.
当根据电流反馈信号判断高效逆变电路未轻载时，电压反馈未中断，此时的DC-DC转换单元处于闭环控制状态，通过第一电压反馈电路获取DC-DC转换单元的输出电压情况以获取第一电压反馈信号，第一主控电路根据第一电压反馈信号输出控制DC-DC转换单元的转换控制信号，以控制第三直流电信号保持稳定，本实施例中，转换控制信号为互补的推挽PWM信号，推挽PWM信号的占空比不断进行调整以使第三直流电信号稳定。When it is judged according to the current feedback signal that the high-efficiency inverter circuit is not under light load, the voltage feedback is not interrupted. At this time, the DC-DC conversion unit is in a closed-loop control state, and the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion unit is obtained through the first voltage feedback circuit. Obtaining the first voltage feedback signal, the first main control circuit outputs a conversion control signal that controls the DC-DC conversion unit according to the first voltage feedback signal to control the third DC signal to remain stable. In this embodiment, the conversion control signal is complementary Push-pull PWM signal, the duty cycle of the push-pull PWM signal is continuously adjusted to stabilize the third DC signal.
而在输出开环控制信号的情形下，开环控制电路根据开环控制信号中断第一电压反馈电路的电压反馈，此时的DC-DC转换单元处于开环控制状态，参考实施例1可知，此时，推挽PWM信号的占空比为最大占空比，此时的最大占空比不超过50％，DC-DC转换单元以最大转换效率工作，提高了电路的利用率，进而有效提高了高效逆变电路的转换效率，克服已知技术中存在逆变器无法满足高转换效率的要求的技术问题。When the open-loop control signal is output, the open-loop control circuit interrupts the voltage feedback of the first voltage feedback circuit according to the open-loop control signal. At this time, the DC-DC conversion unit is in an open-loop control state. As can be seen from Embodiment 1, At this time, the duty cycle of the push-pull PWM signal is the maximum duty cycle. The maximum duty cycle at this time does not exceed 50%. The DC-DC conversion unit works at the maximum conversion efficiency, which improves the utilization rate of the circuit and effectively improves the efficiency of the circuit. The invention improves the conversion efficiency of the high-efficiency inverter circuit and overcomes the technical problem in the known technology that the inverter cannot meet the requirement of high conversion efficiency.
进一步地，还可以是根据第二电压反馈信号和电流反馈信号判断高效逆变电路是否为重载，即根据输出功率判断高效逆变电路是否为重载，输出功率和输出功率阈值进行比较，当输出功率大于输出功率阈值时，判断为重载，否则为轻载。判断重载时输出开环控制信号，轻载时输出闭环控制信号，具体可参考实施例1的描述，不再赘述。Further, it can also be determined based on the second voltage feedback signal and the current feedback signal whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is overloaded, that is, based on the output power, it is determined whether the high-efficiency inverter circuit is overloaded, and the output power is compared with the output power threshold. When When the output power is greater than the output power threshold, it is judged as heavy load, otherwise it is judged as light load. The open-loop control signal is output when the load is determined to be heavy, and the closed-loop control signal is output when the load is light. For details, please refer to the description of Embodiment 1, which will not be described again.
以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明，但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变形或替换，这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a detailed description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. , these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.
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