CN110364926A - Atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device and frequency locking laser including it - Google Patents
Atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device and frequency locking laser including it Download PDFInfo
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- CN110364926A CN110364926A CN201810252527.1A CN201810252527A CN110364926A CN 110364926 A CN110364926 A CN 110364926A CN 201810252527 A CN201810252527 A CN 201810252527A CN 110364926 A CN110364926 A CN 110364926A
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- laser
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- atom
- dopplerbroadening
- peak
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/0683—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the optical output parameters
- H01S5/0687—Stabilising the frequency of the laser
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device and including its frequency locking laser, atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device includes beam splitting arrangement, is used to the laser that tunable laser projects separating first laser；Atomic air chamber in the optical path of the first laser；Photodetector is used to the first laser transmitted from the atomic air chamber being converted to electric signal；Lock-in amplifier receives the electric signal and output error signal of the photodetector output；And negative feedback control device, it is used to lock the frequency for the laser that the tunable laser projects according to the error signal that the lock-in amplifier exports.Frequency locking device optical path of the invention is relatively easy, and without big power consuming device, stability and operability are greatly improved；Building for optical path is more simple, reduces costs, and provides advantage for industrialization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lasers, in particular to a kind of atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device and including it
Frequency locking laser.
Background technique
In Atomic Physics experimental study and precision instrument exploitation, key technology is the Frequency Locking by laser selected
Atom spectral line on.
There are mainly two types of laser frequency locking schemes at present, and one is the saturated absorption frequency locking devices of doppler linewidth, another
It is Dichroic Atomic Vapor Laser Lock (DAVLL, dichroic atom vapor laser frequency locking device).
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the saturated absorption frequency locking device of the doppler linewidth of the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, outer
The laser that cavity semiconductor laser 11 projects is incident on polarization beam splitter prism 12 after half wave plate 101, polarization point
Beam prism 12 reflects S-polarization laser 121 with spare, and P polarization laser 122 is transmitted.The process of P polarization laser 122 two/
It is incident on polarization beam splitter prism 13 after one wave plate 102.Polarization beam splitter prism 13 is by a part of laser of P polarization laser 122
1221 reflections, and another part laser 1222 is transmitted on reflecting mirror 151.Laser 1221 passes through two points as detection light
One of be incident in the atomic air chamber 14 filled with rubidium atom after wave plate 103, from the laser 1221 that atomic air chamber 14 projects from inclined
Vibration beam splitter prism 16 is transmitted and is incident in photodetector 17.Laser 1222 reflects through reflecting mirror 151,152 and penetrates two points
One of wave plate 104 be incident on polarization beam splitter prism 16, laser 1222 is reflected into atomic air chamber 14 by polarization beam splitter prism 16
And it is overlapped it with the optical path of laser 1221, it finally enters in external cavity semiconductor laser 11, using as its pump light.
The jump frequency of atom of the laser frequency projected with external cavity semiconductor laser 11 in atomic air chamber 14 is attached
(i.e. laser frequency cyclically-varying near atomic transition frequency) closely is scanned, the atom pair different frequency in atomic air chamber 14
The absorption of exploring laser light 1221 is different.Based on the mobile effect of Doppler frequency, atom Doppler absorption peak (broadening peak) is formed.Light
Atom dopplerbroadening peak is converted to corresponding electric signal by electric explorer 17, and the electric signal that thus photodetector 17 exports can
Reflect Atomic absorption intensity.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram at dopplerbroadening peak and hyperfine structure peak.Wherein how general solid line (class Gaussian) be
Broadening peak is strangled, dotted line recess thereon is hyperfine structure peak.When the repeatability of pump light 1222 and detection light 1221 is better,
Lamb dip hole-burning effect on dopplerbroadening peak is better.In order to ensure the height weight of pump light 1222 and detection light 1221
Close, very high requirement is proposed to the stability of entire optical path, cause the anti-interference ability of frequency locking device shown in FIG. 1 compared with
It is low.In addition, pump light and detection light light intensity need to be maintained at suitable range, detection light light intensity is less than normal, and saturated absorption is caused to be composed
It is less than normal；It is bigger than normal to detect light, will lead to the power broadening of spectral line, it is unfavorable to compose to saturated absorption.
Illustrate the negative feedback control process of laser lock frequency referring again to Fig. 1.The high frequency that lock-in amplifier 18 exports is (thousands of
Hertz) modulated signal is applied on the Injection Current of external cavity semiconductor laser 11, thus measured hyperfine structure peak
On be also superimposed the modulated signal.
Fig. 3 is the input signal of the lock-in amplifier in frequency locking device shown in FIG. 1 and the waveform diagram of output signal.Such as figure
Shown in 3, input signal 181 is the hyperfine structure peak in Doppler peak, has been superimposed high-frequency modulation signal；Output signal 182
It is error signal.18 pairs of the lock-in amplifier hyperfine structure peaks for being superimposed high-frequency modulation signal carry out locking phase amplification, output
Signal 182 is similar to Dispersion line shape, and the error signal as proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 19.
Proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 19 is controlled in external cavity semiconductor laser 11 based on its received error signal
The voltage of piezoelectric ceramics so that the outer cavity for adjusting laser tube modeling is long, and then adjusts what external cavity semiconductor laser 11 exported
The frequency of laser so that photodetector 17 export electric signal near the trough at hyperfine structure peak, i.e., so that locking phase is put
The error signal that big device 18 exports is near zero.
Since the full width at half maximum at hyperfine structure peak is about 10MHz, laser frequency must be stablized in 1MHz magnitude, easily
By external mechanical noise jamming, it is easy to cause the drift of laser frequency.It is locked in frequency stability on hyperfine structure peak not
Height causes frequency lock-off vulnerable to external interference.Thus the requirement to laser optical path and system stability is very high, reduces and actually answers
Operability.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the dichroic atom vapor laser frequency locking device of the prior art.As shown in figure 4, exocoel
The laser that semiconductor laser 21 projects is incident on Glan-Taylor prism 22 by half wave plate 201, a portion
Laser 221 is transmitted from Glan-Taylor prism 22 with spare, and another part laser 222 is incident after the reflection of Glan-Taylor prism 22
To atomic air chamber 23, the laser 222 projected from atomic air chamber 23 is incident on polarization beam splitter prism 24 by quarter-wave plate 202
On.A portion laser 2221 is incident in photodetector 26 after the transmission of polarization beam splitter prism 24, through polarization beam splitting rib
Another part laser 2222 that mirror 24 reflects is incident in photodetector 25.
DAVLL is the Zeeman level using atom to the absorption difference of linearly polarized light, detects the variation that polarization occurs to lock
Frequently.Linearly polarized laser 222 is incident in the atomic air chamber 23 of winding electrified wire, and the high-intensity magnetic field that electrified wire generates makes atom
Energy level generates Zeeman splitting.Since linearly polarized laser 222 can be analyzed to left-handed and right-circularly polarized light superposition state, and different magnetic
Transition between the Zeeman level of quantum number is different to the absorption of left-handed rotation with right-handed rotation, and thus photodetector 25,26 exports
Different electric signals.
Difference amplifier 27 receives the electric signal that photodetector 25,26 exports, and is missed after differential amplification operation
Difference signal.Fig. 5 is the error signal of the difference amplifier output in dichroic atom vapor laser frequency locking device shown in Fig. 4.
The curve of error signal is similar to Dispersion line shape as can be seen from Figure 5, and wherein Δ is that laser frequency is detuning, and Γ is laser linewidth.It should
Error signal is used for the locking of laser frequency.
Voltage of the negative feedback control device 28 based on the piezoelectric ceramics in error signal control external cavity semiconductor laser 21, into
And the frequency of the laser of the output of external cavity semiconductor laser 21 is adjusted, so that the error signal that difference amplifier 27 exports is attached zero
Closely, it is achieved in the locking of frequency.
Based on the above principles, on the one hand, in order to embody Zeeman level to the left-handed rotation of linearly polarized light and the suction of right-handed rotation
Astigmat is different, it is therefore desirable to the linearly polarized light of purity is high is obtained using Glan-Taylor prism 22.Glan-Taylor prism is compared to inclined
Vibration beam splitter prism considerably increases cost.On the other hand, the Zeeman level splitting size of atom isWherein mFIt is plug
Graceful energy level magnetic quantum number, g are Lande factor, and μ is Bohr magneton, and B is magnetic field size,For reduced Planck constant.Due to
DAVLL needs hundred Gausses to generate Zeeman splitting, therefore coiling, heat dissipation and power supply to coil to the high-intensity magnetic field of kilogauss magnitude
Etc. very high requirement is proposed, big power consuming device is needed to realize, is unfavorable for the miniaturization, integrated of system.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of atoms for tunable laser
Dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device, comprising:
Beam splitting arrangement is used to the laser that tunable laser projects separating first laser；
Atomic air chamber in the optical path of the first laser；
Photodetector is used to the first laser transmitted from the atomic air chamber being converted to electric signal；
Lock-in amplifier receives the electric signal and output error signal of the photodetector output；And
Negative feedback control device is used to lock the tunable laser according to the error signal that the lock-in amplifier exports
The frequency for the laser that device projects.
Preferably, the negative feedback control device is adjusted described adjustable according to the error signal that the lock-in amplifier exports
The frequency for the laser that humorous laser projects is the atomic transition frequency of the atomic air chamber.
Preferably, the negative feedback control device makes the error signal of the lock-in amplifier output near zero.
Preferably, the lock-in amplifier also exports in modulated signal to the Injection Current of the tunable laser, institute
The frequency for stating modulated signal is higher than the frequency of the error signal.
Preferably, the beam splitting arrangement is polarization beam splitter prism.
Preferably, the beam splitting arrangement is Glan-Taylor prism.
Preferably, the negative feedback control device is proportional plus integral plus derivative controller.
Preferably, the tunable laser is external cavity semiconductor laser, the voltage of the negative feedback control device output
It is applied on the piezoelectric ceramics of external cavity semiconductor laser.
Preferably, the outer cavity for the laser tube modeling that the piezoelectric ceramics is used to adjust the tunable laser is long.
The present invention also provides a kind of frequency locking lasers, comprising:
Tunable laser；And
The atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device as described above for being used for tunable laser.
Frequency locking device of the invention has the advantage that the stability of frequency locking device and precision fully meet practical application and needs
It asks；The optical path of frequency locking device is relatively easy, and without big power consuming device, stability and operability are greatly improved；Optical path is built more
For it is simple, reduce costs, provide advantage for industrialization, can be used for prospecting, is antisubmarine, heart magnetic and brain magnetic measurement system
Deng.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated referring to the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the saturated absorption frequency locking device of the doppler linewidth of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram at dopplerbroadening peak and hyperfine structure peak.
Fig. 3 is the input signal of the lock-in amplifier in frequency locking device shown in FIG. 1 and the waveform diagram of output signal.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the dichroic atom vapor laser frequency locking device of the prior art.
Fig. 5 is the error signal of the difference amplifier output in dichroic atom vapor laser frequency locking device shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device of preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram at the atom dopplerbroadening peak of frequency locking device shown in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the input signal of the lock-in amplifier in frequency locking device shown in fig. 6 and the waveform diagram of output signal.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, pass through below in conjunction with attached drawing specific real
Applying example, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device of preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device 30 includes polarization beam splitter prism 32, atomic air chamber 33, photoelectricity spy
Survey device 34, lock-in amplifier 35, proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 36.
On the laser light incident to polarization beam splitter prism 32 that external cavity semiconductor laser 31 projects, polarization beam splitter prism 32 is by P
Polarization laser 321 transmits away in case using, and S-polarization laser (hereinafter referred to as frequency locking laser 322) is reflected into atomic air chamber 33.
Potassium atom is filled in atomic air chamber 33, the vapour pressure of the potassium atom in atomic air chamber 33 is about 1 × 10-6Millibar.From atom gas
The laser light incident that room 33 is projected is into photodetector 34.
The voltage of piezoelectric ceramics in external cavity semiconductor laser 31 is with 11.88 hertz of scanning (i.e. periodic adjustment piezoelectricity
The voltage of ceramics), the outer cavity of periodic adjustment laser tube modeling is long, so that laser frequency period near atomic transition frequency
Property variation.The velocity projections of potassium atom vapor movement in atomic air chamber 33 are on the one-dimensional direction of propagation of frequency locking laser 322, shape
At the rate distribution of class Gaussian, the atom that medium-rate is zero is most, and the atom of the bigger distribution of rate is fewer.With laser frequency
The scanning of rate forms atom dopplerbroadening peak based on the mobile effect of atom Doppler frequency.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram at the atom dopplerbroadening peak of frequency locking device shown in fig. 6, and wherein F is atomic transition frequency.
From figure 7 it can be seen that atom dopplerbroadening peak is in class Gaussian, full width at half maximum about 500MHz is inhaled compared to saturation
The full width at half maximum (about 10MHz) at hyperfine peak in peak is received, the requirement to frequency stability substantially reduces.Thus to frequency locking device
The requirement of stability substantially reduces, strong antijamming capability, is suitable for the occasions such as open air and uses.
High frequency (a few kHz) modulated signal that lock-in amplifier 35 exports is applied in external cavity semiconductor laser 31
On Injection Current, thus the light intensity of laser is superimposed the modulated signal, and modulation letter is also superimposed on measured dopplerbroadening peak
Number.Input locking phase is amplified after the dopplerbroadening peak for being superimposed the modulated signal is converted to corresponding electric signal by photodetector 34
In device 35.The spectral line demodulation of the voltage scan rate of piezoelectric ceramics is amplified out by lock-in amplifier 35, i.e., by dopplerbroadening
Low frequency electrical signal in peak high frequency electrical signal corresponding with modulated signal is multiplied, then is filtered out by low-pass filter therein thousands of
The high-frequency signal of hertz, output low frequency error signal to proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 36.
Fig. 8 is the input signal 351 of the lock-in amplifier 35 in frequency locking device shown in fig. 6 and the wave of output signal 352
Shape figure, the class Gaussian that wherein curve of the input signal 351 of lock-in amplifier 35 is 11.88 hertz in frequency, output
Low frequency head error signal 352 curve similar to Dispersion line shape.Due to the delay of measuring device, the low frequency head error signal of display is than more
Pu Le broadening peak is slightly delayed.
Proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 36 adjusts the piezoelectric ceramics in external cavity semiconductor laser 31 based on error signal
Voltage, it is long with the outer cavity for adjusting laser tube modeling, thus control laser frequency in atomic air chamber 33 atomic transition frequency
Near rate, so that atomic air chamber 33 is maximum to the absorption intensity of laser 322.That is the error signal of control lock-in amplifier 35 output
Near zero.Based on the negative feedback control of proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 36, so that laser frequency achievees the purpose that frequency stabilization.
Laser frequency lock on dopplerbroadening peak, is achieved the purpose that Frequency Locking by the embodiment of the present invention.It is mostly general
Strangling line width is about 500MHz, the requirement much larger than the line width (about 10MHz) at hyperfine peak in saturated absorption spectrum, to frequency stability
It substantially reduces, improves the reliability of system.
The optical path of the frequency locking device of the present embodiment is simple, reduces costs and to the degree of dependence of frequency stability, to produce
Industry provides good condition.And high-intensity magnetic field is generated woth no need to big power consuming device, may be implemented to minimize and is commercialized.
In other embodiments of the invention, using the beam splitting arrangements generation such as beam splitter, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, Glan-Taylor prism
For the polarization beam splitter prism 32 in above-described embodiment.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-described embodiment is replaced using the negative feedback controls device such as pi controller
In proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 36.
In other embodiments of the invention, according to actually required frequency, selection is filled with alkali or alkaline earth metal
The atomic air chamber of atom.
In other embodiments of the invention, using distributed feedback laser (DFB), distributed Bragg reflection laser
(DBR) etc. tunable laser replace above-mentioned external cavity semiconductor laser.
Although the present invention has been described by means of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to described here
Embodiment, without departing from the present invention further include made various changes and variation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device for tunable laser characterized by comprising
Beam splitting arrangement is used to the laser that tunable laser projects separating first laser；
Atomic air chamber in the optical path of the first laser；
Photodetector is used to the first laser transmitted from the atomic air chamber being converted to electric signal；
Lock-in amplifier receives the electric signal and output error signal of the photodetector output；And
Negative feedback control device, the error signal for being used to be exported according to the lock-in amplifier lock the tunable laser and penetrate
The frequency of laser out.
2. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device according to claim 1 for tunable laser, special
Sign is that the negative feedback control device adjusts the tunable laser according to the error signal that the lock-in amplifier exports
The frequency of the laser of injection is the atomic transition frequency of the atomic air chamber.
3. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device according to claim 2 for tunable laser, special
Sign is that the negative feedback control device makes the error signal of the lock-in amplifier output near zero.
4. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device according to claim 1 for tunable laser, special
Sign is that the lock-in amplifier also exports in modulated signal to the Injection Current of the tunable laser, the modulation letter
Number frequency be higher than the error signal frequency.
5. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser lock according to any one of claim 1 to 4 for tunable laser
Frequency device, which is characterized in that the beam splitting arrangement is polarization beam splitter prism.
6. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser lock according to any one of claim 1 to 4 for tunable laser
Frequency device, which is characterized in that the beam splitting arrangement is Glan-Taylor prism.
7. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser lock according to any one of claim 1 to 4 for tunable laser
Frequency device, which is characterized in that the negative feedback control device is proportional plus integral plus derivative controller.
8. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser lock according to any one of claim 1 to 4 for tunable laser
Frequency device, which is characterized in that the tunable laser is external cavity semiconductor laser, the electricity of the negative feedback control device output
Pressure is applied on the piezoelectric ceramics of external cavity semiconductor laser.
9. the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking device according to claim 8 for tunable laser, special
Sign is that the outer cavity for the laser tube modeling that the piezoelectric ceramics is used to adjust the tunable laser is long.
10. a kind of frequency locking laser characterized by comprising
Tunable laser；And
It is filled as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein for the atom dopplerbroadening peak laser frequency locking of tunable laser
It sets.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810252527.1A CN110364926B (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Atomic Doppler spread-spectrum peak laser frequency locking device and frequency-locked laser comprising same |
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| CN201810252527.1A CN110364926B (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Atomic Doppler spread-spectrum peak laser frequency locking device and frequency-locked laser comprising same |
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| CN110364926B CN110364926B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| CN112600070A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Laser accurate frequency stabilization system and method for SERF magnetometer |
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