CN110364780B - Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device - Google Patents
Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110364780B CN110364780B CN201810250213.8A CN201810250213A CN110364780B CN 110364780 B CN110364780 B CN 110364780B CN 201810250213 A CN201810250213 A CN 201810250213A CN 110364780 B CN110364780 B CN 110364780B
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- battery
- battery pack
- cover plate
- relay
- output terminal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
- F25B2321/021—Control thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack, a vehicle and an energy storage device, wherein the battery pack comprises a cover plate, a battery cabin body, a battery, a refrigerating device, a relay and a pneumatic switch, wherein the cover plate and the battery cabin body form an accommodating space, and the battery is positioned in the accommodating space; the cover plate is provided with a first current output terminal and a second current output terminal which are used for leading out current, one end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the first current output terminal, the other end of the refrigerating device is connected in series with the main contact of the relay and then is electrically connected with the second current output terminal to form a refrigerating circuit of the first current output terminal, the second current output terminal and the refrigerating device, and the pneumatic switch is connected in series with the low-voltage power supply and the coil of the relay to form a control circuit for controlling the opening and closing of the refrigerating circuit. The battery pack provided by the invention has double safety protection performances, and is simple in structure and strong in operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a battery pack, a vehicle and an energy storage device.
Background
The existing battery energy storage device (such as a lithium ion battery) generally forms a module by connecting single batteries, namely battery cores in series and parallel, and the module finally forms an integral energy storage system with an active refrigeration control device by connecting the battery modules in series and parallel and combining a battery management system and other devices, so that enough power is provided for a motor. When the battery works, especially when the battery runs under a high multiplying power and an extreme environment, a large amount of heat can be generated, if the heat is not dissipated timely, the internal temperature of the battery can be increased, the internal pressure of the battery can be overhigh due to overhigh temperature, the electrochemical performance of the battery can be reduced, and the battery can be exploded, ignited and other safety accidents can be seriously caused. The device for cooling the battery at present is mainly controlled through a battery thermal management system, a temperature sensor collects the temperature in a battery pack and transmits the collected temperature to the battery thermal management system, the battery thermal management system sends out corresponding instructions according to a temperature threshold value preset by the temperature, a refrigeration device is controlled to refrigerate the battery pack, and in the whole process, problems occur in any link and the battery pack can not be refrigerated in time, so that a large safety problem is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a battery pack to solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a battery pack, which comprises a cover plate, a battery compartment body, a battery, a refrigerating device for cooling the battery pack, a relay, a pneumatic switch and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the cover plate and the battery compartment body form an accommodating cavity, and the battery is positioned in the accommodating cavity; the cover plate is provided with a first current output terminal and a second current output terminal which are used for leading out current, one end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the first current output terminal, the other end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the second current output terminal after being connected with the main contact of the relay in series, a refrigerating loop comprising the first current output terminal, the refrigerating device, the main contact of the relay and the second current output terminal is formed, and the closing of the main contact of the relay enables the refrigerating loop to be conducted; the pneumatic switch is connected with a low-voltage power supply and a coil of the relay in series to form a control circuit; the pneumatic switch is used for acting when the air pressure in the sealed space is increased, so that the control circuit is conducted; and energizing a coil of the relay to drive a main contact of the relay in the refrigeration loop to be closed, so that the refrigeration loop is conducted.
Preferably, the cover plate comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a side cover plate, and the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the side cover plate define a cover plate cavity; the relay, the low-voltage power supply and the pneumatic switch are positioned in the cover plate cavity; the containing cavity is a space formed by the lower cover plate and the battery cabin body.
Preferably, the lower cover plate is provided with at least one hole structure for communicating the cover plate cavity with the accommodating cavity.
Preferably, the cavity of the cover plate is filled with a phase change material.
Preferably, an insulating sealing part is arranged in the battery compartment body, and divides an accommodating cavity formed between the cover plate and the battery compartment body into an upper accommodating cavity and a lower accommodating cavity; the battery is located and holds the intracavity down, relay, low voltage power supply and pneumatic switch are located and hold the intracavity.
Preferably, the insulating seal member is connected to a side wall of the battery compartment.
Preferably, the insulating sealing member is provided with at least one hole for communicating the upper receiving chamber with the lower receiving chamber.
Preferably, the upper accommodating cavity is filled with a phase change material.
Preferably, the phase-change material is fire-fighting liquid.
Preferably, the lower cover plate and/or the insulating sealing member is formed by an upper mesh support member, a lower mesh support member, and an insulating polymer film between the upper mesh support member and the lower mesh support member.
Preferably, the upper and lower mesh-type supports are each independently selected from a ceramic mesh-type support, a plastic mesh-type support, or an insulation-treated metal mesh-type support.
Preferably, the refrigerating device comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet.
Preferably, the refrigerating device further comprises a heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device is an air cooling device and/or a liquid cooling device.
Preferably, the battery compartment body comprises an inner battery compartment body and an outer battery compartment body positioned outside the inner battery compartment body, and the refrigerating device is positioned between the inner battery compartment body and the outer battery compartment body.
Preferably, the battery pack further comprises a battery thermal management system, the battery thermal management system is electrically connected with the refrigerating device, and the battery thermal management system can control the refrigerating device.
Preferably, a pressure divider is also connected in series in the refrigeration circuit.
Preferably, the voltage limiting and dividing device comprises a resistor.
Preferably, a medium is further filled in the battery compartment body, and the medium is selected from one or more of liquid silicone oil, phase-change material or inert gas.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle including the battery pack described above.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device, including the above battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the battery pack works, the battery in the battery compartment body generates heat due to power supply, the air in the battery compartment body expands due to heating, the pressure is increased, the pneumatic switch is closed, the relay coil is electrified and then attracts the main contact of the relay, the refrigeration loop is conducted, the refrigeration device is enabled to refrigerate, the heat dissipation device accelerates the heat dissipation of the hot end, when the internal temperature of the battery reaches balance, the pressure of the battery compartment body is reduced, the pneumatic switch is disconnected, and the refrigeration is stopped; the whole refrigeration process is carried out spontaneously; meanwhile, the refrigeration loop and the battery are charged and discharged in parallel under high voltage, and the refrigeration loop can also play a role in shunting after being switched on, so that the damage of large current to the battery pack under extreme conditions is reduced, and shunting is considered while refrigeration is carried out; in addition, the space in which the control circuit is located can be filled with phase-change materials, when the internal temperature of the battery cabin body exceeds a certain value and the service performance of the battery is influenced, the fillers in the cabin do not start to expand or the expansion is not obvious, the temperature reaches the vaporization point of the phase-change materials, after the phase-change materials are vaporized, the gas pressure is obviously increased, the pneumatic switch is closed, the refrigeration loop is conducted to realize refrigeration, if the selected phase-change materials can be used for fire fighting and extinguishment, in an extreme case, if the battery catches fire, the phase-change materials flow into the interior of the battery cabin body, early fire fighting can be realized, and the situation that the battery is out of control to cause worse safety accidents is prevented.
The battery pack disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, good in battery sealing performance and higher in refrigerating and heating efficiency, and refrigeration can be realized even if a battery thermal management system is damaged, so that the safety performance of the battery pack is doubly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. explosion-proof valve, 2, positive terminal, 3, negative terminal, 4, main contact of relay, 5, coil of relay, 6, low voltage power supply, 7, pneumatic switch, 8, cover plate, 81, upper cover plate, 82, lower cover plate, 821, upper ceramic mesh support member, 822, insulating polymer film, 823, lower ceramic mesh support member, 9, refrigeration circuit, 10, refrigeration device, 11, heat dissipation device, 12, battery compartment, 121, inner battery compartment, 122, outer battery compartment.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, left, and right" is generally defined with reference to the drawing plane directions of the respective drawings, and "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer of the respective component outlines.
The invention provides a battery pack, which comprises a cover plate, a battery cabin body, a battery, a refrigerating device for cooling the battery pack, a relay, a pneumatic switch and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the cover plate and the battery cabin body form an accommodating cavity, and the battery is positioned in the accommodating cavity; the cover plate is provided with a first current output terminal and a second current output terminal which are used for leading out current, one end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the first current output terminal, the other end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the second current output terminal after being connected with the main contact of the relay in series, a refrigerating loop comprising the first current output terminal, the refrigerating device, the main contact of the relay and the second current output terminal is formed, and the refrigerating loop is conducted by closing the main contact of the relay; the pneumatic switch is connected with a low-voltage power supply and a coil of the relay in series to form a control circuit; the pneumatic switch is used for acting when the air pressure in the sealed space is increased, so that the control circuit is conducted; and energizing a coil of the relay to drive a main contact of the relay in the refrigeration loop to be closed, so that the refrigeration loop is conducted.
The cover plate is provided with a first current output terminal and a second current output terminal for leading out current, the first current output terminal and the second current output terminal are used for outputting the current inside the battery pack and generally comprise a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the first current output terminal can be a positive terminal or a negative terminal, and correspondingly, when the first current output terminal is the positive terminal, the second current output terminal is the negative terminal; when the first current output terminal is a negative terminal, the second current output terminal is a positive terminal. The number of the first current output terminal and the second current output terminal is not limited in the present invention, and may be one or more.
The battery compartment is not limited in the present invention, and may be a battery compartment that is conventional in the art, for example, a conductive metal battery compartment, or an insulating plastic battery compartment. The shape of the metal battery compartment is not limited in the present invention, and may be, for example, a conventional tray shape of an automobile, or a battery cabinet shape for storing energy. The battery compartment body can be of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, and the battery compartment body is preferably of a multi-layer structure, namely the battery compartment body comprises an inner battery compartment body and an outer battery compartment body positioned outside the inner battery compartment body. The refrigerating device is positioned between the inner battery compartment body and the outer battery compartment body. This allows the semiconductor refrigeration unit to be protected from interference with the various structures and components inside the battery compartment, as well as from interference from circuitry outside the battery compartment.
The battery cabin body can be filled with a medium, and the medium can be one or more selected from liquid silicone oil, phase-change materials or inert gases, so that the induction of the pneumatic switch to the interior of the battery is facilitated.
The battery may be a single or a plurality of unit batteries, an assembled battery module, or a plurality of battery modules, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The refrigerating device is located on the cover plate and/or the battery compartment body, i.e. on the cover plate, or on the battery compartment body, or on the inner and outer surfaces, or embedded inside, for example, it may be preferred that the refrigerating device is located between the inner battery compartment body and the outer battery compartment body of the double-layer battery compartment body.
The low-voltage power supply is starting voltage for relay pull-in, and the low-voltage power supply is not limited by the application and can be a button battery pack, for example. The pneumatic switch pneumatically utilizes the connection of the cylinder output shaft and the transmission shaft to convert the opening and closing movement of the cylinder into the rotation movement of the transmission shaft within 90 degrees, and the conducting rod arranged on the transmission shaft realizes the opening and closing movement of the pneumatic switch. When the battery is heated, the gas expands and enters the cylinder of the pneumatic switch to push the cylinder to move, so that the pneumatic switch is closed, and under the starting of the low-voltage power supply, the coil of the relay is electrified, the main contact of the attraction relay is closed, and the refrigeration loop is conducted.
The cover plate is not limited in this application and may be of conventional design, for example of metal or plastics material. Preferably, the cover plate is designed to be a double-layer structure, the cover plate comprises a lower cover plate and a side cover plate, and the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the side cover plate define a cover plate cavity; the relay, the low-voltage power supply and the pneumatic switch are positioned in the cover plate cavity; the space that holds the chamber and constitute for lower apron and the battery compartment body, the upper cover plate is made for the material of enough structural strength, such as metal steel, aluminium or alloy, lower apron constitutes and has certain supporting role with the heat conduction material, a relay, the control circuit that low voltage power supply and pneumatic switch constitute is located the apron cavity, avoid interfering with each other with the internal complex circuit in battery compartment, after the internal battery in battery compartment is heated, because lower apron constitutes for the heat conduction material, can give the apron cavity with the heat rapidly, the gas inflation that is heated in the apron cavity starts pneumatic switch, under the effect of low voltage power supply, the relay coil circular telegram, actuation relay main contact, switch on the refrigeration circuit.
The preferred lower cover plate is at least provided with a hole structure which enables the cover plate cavity to be communicated with the battery compartment body, for example, a through hole or a net-shaped supporting piece is arranged on the lower cover plate, when the battery in the battery compartment body is heated, even if the heat conduction of the lower cover plate is not timely, the heat of the battery compartment body can be transmitted to the cover plate cavity through the through hole, the gas in the cover plate cavity is heated to expand to start a pneumatic switch, and a relay is attracted to conduct a refrigeration loop under the action of a low-voltage power supply.
Preferably, the cover plate cavity is filled with a phase change material. The phase-change material is any one or more of high-voltage-resistant, insulating, non-combustible and non-combustion-promoting materials, when the internal temperature of the battery compartment body exceeds a certain value and the service performance of the battery is influenced, the temperature reaches the vaporization point of the phase-change material under the condition that the filler in the compartment does not begin to expand or the expansion is not obvious, the pneumatic switch can be closed, and the refrigeration loop is further conducted through the relay.
Further preferably, the lower cover plate is composed of an upper layer mesh-shaped supporting member, a lower layer mesh-shaped supporting member and an insulating polymer film, such as rubber, positioned between the upper layer mesh-shaped supporting member and the lower layer mesh-shaped supporting member; the phase-change material is fire-fighting liquid, such as perfluorohexane, and under extreme conditions, such as battery fire, the insulating polymer film is damaged, and then the fire-fighting agent flows into the battery compartment, so that early fire fighting can be realized.
According to the battery pack, the battery cabin body is internally provided with the insulating sealing piece, and the insulating sealing piece divides a containing cavity formed between the cover plate and the battery cabin body into an upper containing cavity and a lower containing cavity; the battery is located and holds the intracavity down, relay, low voltage power supply and pneumatic switch are located and hold the intracavity. The relay, low voltage power supply and pneumatic switch can be isolated from the complex circuitry within the battery compartment by insulating seals to prevent interference with each other. The insulating seal member can be connected on the lateral wall of the battery compartment body, also can cover and establish on the battery compartment body, and this application does not do the restriction, and concrete connected mode, this application does not do the repeated description yet.
The insulating sealing part is made of heat conducting materials and can play a certain supporting role, so when a battery in the lower sealed space is heated, heat can be timely transmitted to the upper sealed space through the insulating sealing part, gas in the upper sealed space is heated to expand, the gas pressure is increased, the pneumatic switch is closed, the relay coil is electrified, the main contact of the relay is attracted, and the refrigeration loop is switched on. Preferably, insulating seal spare is equipped with one at least and enables on hold the chamber and hold the pore structure of chamber intercommunication down, be equipped with a through-hole on the insulating seal spare for example, or be netted support piece, when the internal battery of battery compartment back of being heated, even insulating seal spare heat transfer is untimely, through the through-hole, the heat of the battery compartment body also can be given rapidly and hold the chamber on, the gas that holds in the chamber on is heated the inflation and starts pneumatic switch, under low voltage power supply's effect, the relay coil circular telegram, the main contact of actuation relay switches on the refrigeration return circuit.
Preferably, the upper accommodating cavity is filled with a phase-change material, when the temperature in the lower accommodating cavity exceeds a certain value and influences the service performance of the battery, the filler in the cabin does not start to expand or the expansion is not obvious, the temperature reaches the vaporization point of the phase-change material, the pneumatic switch can be closed, and further the refrigeration loop is switched on.
Further preferably, the insulating sealing member is composed of an upper layer mesh-shaped supporting member, a lower layer mesh-shaped supporting member, and an insulating polymer film, such as rubber, positioned between the upper layer mesh-shaped supporting member and the lower layer mesh-shaped supporting member; the phase-change material is fire-fighting liquid, such as perfluorohexane, and under extreme conditions, such as battery fire, the insulating polymer film is damaged, and then the fire-fighting agent flows into the battery compartment, so that early fire fighting can be realized.
The mesh support is one or more selected from ceramic mesh support, plastic mesh support or insulating metal mesh support. The insulating polymer film may be designed to be single-layer or multi-layer, for example, the insulating polymer film is designed to be a double-layer structure including an upper layer elastic polymer film and a lower layer polymer film, or a phase change material may be directly added to a cavity structure between the upper layer elastic polymer film and the lower layer polymer film.
According to the battery package of this application, refrigerating plant includes all refrigerating plant that can cool down for the battery package among the prior art, for example air conditioner and semiconductor refrigeration piece etc. preferably, refrigerating plant is the semiconductor refrigeration piece, and when refrigerating plant is the semiconductor refrigeration piece, this battery package cooling system does not need complicated pipeline, battery package simple structure.
The refrigerating device is a semiconductor refrigerating piece which comprises a hot end and a cold end; the cold end is used for absorbing heat, the hot end is used for radiating heat, the cold end is close to the battery in the battery cabin body generally and is used for absorbing the heat emitted by the battery, the hot end is far away from the battery generally and is used for emitting the absorbed heat to the outside of the battery, if the semiconductor refrigerating device is positioned on the outer surface of the battery cabin body, the hot end can be exposed in the air, and the heat radiation is enhanced. Further preferably, a heat dissipation device is arranged on the hot end side of the semiconductor refrigeration device, heat dissipated from the hot end is dissipated through the heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device can be an air cooling device and/or a liquid cooling device and the like. For example, the heat sink is an in-vehicle air conditioner or a fan. The specific connection method is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
The above-mentioned refrigeration devices can be used in combination with each other, for example, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is used in combination with an air conditioner, and the application is not limited.
When the internal temperature of the battery reaches equilibrium, the gas pressure is reduced, the pneumatic switch is switched off, the refrigeration loop is switched off, the refrigeration is stopped, the whole control process is simple, and meanwhile, the refrigeration loop and the high-voltage charge and discharge of the battery are in a parallel state, and after the loop is switched on, the shunting effect can be achieved, so that the damage of a large current to a battery pack is reduced under an extreme condition, and the shunting is considered while refrigeration. Preferably, the refrigeration circuit is also connected in series with a voltage divider, such as a resistor.
The battery pack of the present invention may further preferably include a battery thermal management system electrically connected to the cooling device, and the battery thermal management system may control the cooling device. When the battery pack is in the condition that the temperature of the external environment is lower, the battery heat management system collects temperature signals and controls to start the refrigerating device, so that the battery pack is heated.
The vehicle relates to the battery pack of the invention.
The energy storage device relates to the battery pack. The energy storage device can be a propulsion system energy storage device, such as a vehicle battery pack, an energy storage device of an energy storage power station and a communication base station, a portable electric tool and equipment and the like.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Like drawing edits throughout the specification refer to like constituent elements.
Example 1
This embodiment is mainly used for explaining a battery pack. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: comprises a cover plate 8, a battery cabin body 12, a battery and refrigerating device 10, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, a relay, a low-voltage power supply 6 and a pneumatic switch 7; the cover plate 8 and the battery cabin body 12 form a containing cavity, and the battery is positioned in the containing cavity; the cover plate 8 is a double-layer structure and comprises an upper cover plate 81 and a lower cover plate 82, a pneumatic switch, a relay and a low-voltage power supply are positioned in a cover plate cavity defined by the upper cover plate 81 and the lower cover plate 82, the cover plate 8 is provided with a positive terminal 2 and a negative terminal 3 for leading out current, one end of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is connected with the negative terminal 3, the other end of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is connected with the main contact 4 of the relay in series and then is electrically connected with the positive terminal 2 to form the positive terminal 2, the negative terminal 3, the semiconductor refrigeration piece 10 and the refrigeration loop 9 of the main contact of the relay, the battery cabin body 12 is divided into an inner battery cabin body 121 and an outer battery cabin body 122 positioned outside the inner battery cabin body 121, the semiconductor refrigeration piece 10 is positioned in a space structure between the inner battery cabin body 121 and the outer battery cabin body 122, the semiconductor refrigeration piece comprises a hot end and a cold end, the cold end is in contact with the outer surface of the inner battery cabin body 121, the hot end is tightly attached to the heat dissipation device 11, and the heat dissipation device 11 is an air cooling device. The lower cover plate 82 is a ceramic mesh support, and the battery chamber 12 is filled with silicone oil.
When the battery is heated, the internal temperature rises, the silicone oil filled in the battery compartment body 12 is vaporized, the internal pressure is increased, the pneumatic switch 7 is closed, under the action of a low-voltage power supply, the relay coil 5 attracts the relay main contact 4, the refrigeration loop 9 is conducted, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet refrigerates and absorbs the heat in the battery compartment body 12 and transfers the heat to the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the air cooling device accelerates the heat dissipation of the hot end to realize the refrigeration of the battery compartment body 12, when the internal temperature of the battery reaches equilibrium, the internal pressure of the battery compartment body 12 is reduced, the pneumatic switch 7 is disconnected, the relay main contact is disconnected, the refrigeration loop 9 is disconnected, the refrigeration is stopped, because the refrigeration loop 9 and the high-voltage charge and discharge of the battery are in a parallel state, after the refrigeration loop 9 is conducted, the shunting effect can be achieved, the damage of large current to the battery pack under the extreme condition is reduced, and the refrigeration is carried out, taking into account the split flow.
Example 2
This embodiment is mainly used to explain the battery pack. Referring to fig. 2, the battery pack according to embodiment 2 has substantially the same structure as the battery pack of embodiment 1 except for the cap plate 8, and therefore, repeated descriptions of the same elements are omitted.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower cover plate is composed of an upper ceramic mesh support 821, a lower ceramic mesh support 823, and an insulating polymer film 822 located between the upper ceramic mesh support 821 and the lower ceramic mesh support 823, and the cavity of the cover plate is filled with perfluorohexane.
When the battery generates heat, the internal temperature rises, when the internal temperature of the battery cabin body 12 exceeds a certain value, and the service performance of the battery is influenced, the silicone oil as the filler in the cabin does not start to expand, or the expansion is not obvious, the temperature reaches the vaporization point of the perfluorohexane in the cavity of the cover plate, the perfluorohexane vaporizes, the pressure in the cover plate increases suddenly, the pneumatic switch is closed, the relay coil is electrified, the main contact of the relay is attracted, the refrigeration loop 9 is switched on, the refrigeration of the battery cabin is realized, if the battery catches fire, the flame damages the insulating polymer film 822 through the ceramic mesh supporting piece 823, the perfluorohexane flows into the battery cabin body 12, and the early fire extinguishment is realized.
Example 3
This embodiment is mainly used for explaining a battery pack. Referring to fig. 3, the battery pack of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as the battery pack of embodiment 1 except for the structure of the cap plate and the battery compartment, and therefore, repeated descriptions of the same elements are omitted.
As shown in fig. 3, the cover plate 8 and the battery compartment 12 form a cavity for accommodating a battery, an insulating sealing member is arranged in the battery compartment, the insulating sealing member includes an upper ceramic mesh support 821, a lower ceramic mesh support 823 and an insulating polymer film 822 located between the upper ceramic mesh support 821 and the lower ceramic mesh support 823, the insulating sealing member is connected to the side wall of the inner battery compartment 121 to separate the accommodating space formed by the cover plate and the battery compartment 12 into an upper accommodating space and a lower accommodating space, the battery is located in the lower accommodating space, a control circuit formed by a pneumatic switch, a low-voltage power supply and a relay coil is located in the upper accommodating space, a negative terminal of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is electrically connected, and the other end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected to the positive terminal 2 after being connected in series with the relay main contact 4 to form a structure including a positive terminal 2, a negative terminal 3, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a negative terminal, and a negative terminal, The refrigerating circuit 9 of the relay main contact is filled with perfluorohexane in the upper accommodating space.
When the battery is heated, the internal temperature rises, the silicone oil filled in the battery cabin body 12 is vaporized, the internal pressure is increased, the pneumatic switch 7 is closed, under the action of a low-voltage power supply, the relay coil 5 attracts the relay main contact 4, the refrigeration loop 9 is conducted, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet refrigerates and absorbs the heat in the battery cabin body 12 and transfers the heat to the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the air cooling device accelerates the heat dissipation of the hot end to realize the refrigeration of the battery cabin body 12, when the internal temperature of the battery reaches equilibrium, the internal pressure of the battery cabin body 12 is reduced, the pneumatic switch 7 is disconnected, the relay main contact 4 is disconnected, the refrigeration loop 9 is disconnected, the refrigeration is stopped, because the refrigeration loop 9 and the high-voltage charge and discharge of the battery are in a parallel state, after the refrigeration loop 9 is conducted, the shunting effect can be achieved, the damage of large current to the battery pack under extreme conditions is reduced, and the refrigeration is carried out, taking into account the split flow.
When the internal temperature of the battery cabin body 12 exceeds a certain value and the service performance of the battery is influenced, the filler silicone oil in the cabin does not expand, or the expansion is not obvious, the temperature reaches the vaporization point of perfluorohexane in the cavity of the cover plate, the perfluorohexane vaporizes, the pressure in the cover plate increases suddenly, the pneumatic switch is closed, the relay coil is electrified, the main contact of the suction relay is connected with the refrigeration loop 9, the refrigeration of the battery cabin is realized, if the battery catches fire, the flame damages the insulating polymer film 822 through the ceramic mesh-shaped supporting piece 823, the perfluorohexane flows into the battery cabin body 12, and the early fire extinguishment is realized.
The battery pack described in the above embodiments can be used for both vehicles and energy storage devices, and the specific installation manner is the same as that in the prior art, and is not described herein again.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. The utility model provides a battery package, includes apron, the battery cabin body, battery, be used for refrigerating plant, relay, pneumatic switch and the low voltage power supply of battery package cooling, its characterized in that:
the cover plate and the battery cabin body form an accommodating cavity, and the battery is positioned in the accommodating cavity;
the battery cabin body is also filled with a medium, and the medium is selected from one or two of liquid silicone oil and phase-change materials;
the cover plate is provided with a first current output terminal and a second current output terminal which are used for leading out current, one end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the first current output terminal, the other end of the refrigerating device is electrically connected with the second current output terminal after being connected with the main contact of the relay in series, a refrigerating loop comprising the first current output terminal, the refrigerating device, the main contact of the relay and the second current output terminal is formed, and the closing of the main contact of the relay enables the refrigerating loop to be conducted;
the pneumatic switch is connected with a low-voltage power supply and a coil of the relay in series to form a control circuit; the pneumatic switch is used for acting when the air pressure in the sealed space is increased, so that the control circuit is conducted; and energizing a coil of the relay to drive a main contact of the relay in the refrigeration loop to be closed, so that the refrigeration loop is conducted.
2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cover plate comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, and side cover plates that define a cover plate cavity; the relay, the low-voltage power supply and the pneumatic switch are positioned in the cover plate cavity; the containing cavity is a space formed by the lower cover plate and the battery cabin body.
3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the lower cover plate is provided with at least one hole structure for communicating the cover plate cavity with the receiving cavity.
4. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the cavity of the cover plate is filled with a phase change material.
5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein an insulating seal is provided in the battery compartment body, and divides a receiving cavity formed between the cover plate and the battery compartment body into an upper receiving cavity and a lower receiving cavity; the battery is located and holds the intracavity down, relay, low voltage power supply and pneumatic switch are located and hold the intracavity.
6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the insulating seal is attached to a side wall of the battery compartment.
7. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the insulating seal member is provided with at least one hole for communicating the upper receiving chamber with the lower receiving chamber.
8. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the upper receiving cavity is filled with a phase change material.
9. The battery pack according to claim 4 or 8, wherein the phase change material is a fire extinguishing fluid.
10. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the lower cover plate is composed of an upper mesh support, a lower mesh support, and an insulating polymer film between the upper mesh support and the lower mesh support.
11. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the insulating seal member is composed of an upper mesh support member, a lower mesh support member, and an insulating polymer film between the upper mesh support member and the lower mesh support member.
12. The battery pack according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: the upper layer mesh support and the lower layer mesh support are respectively and independently selected from a ceramic mesh support, a plastic mesh support or an insulation treated metal mesh support.
13. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cooling device comprises a semiconductor cooling fin.
14. The battery pack of claim 13, wherein the cooling device further comprises a heat sink, and the heat sink is an air-cooled device and/or a liquid-cooled device.
15. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the battery compartments include an inner battery compartment and an outer battery compartment located outside the inner battery compartment, and the refrigeration device is located between the inner battery compartment and the outer battery compartment.
16. The battery pack of claim 1, further comprising a battery thermal management system electrically connected to the cooling device, the battery thermal management system capable of controlling the cooling device.
17. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein a pressure divider is further connected in series in the refrigeration circuit.
18. The battery pack of claim 17, wherein the voltage divider comprises a resistor.
19. A vehicle characterized by comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
20. An energy storage device comprising the battery pack of any one of claims 1-18.
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| CN201810250213.8A CN110364780B (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device |
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| CN201810250213.8A CN110364780B (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1140204A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-02-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Secondary battery |
| DE102012213100B4 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2015-08-06 | Volkswagen Varta Microbattery Forschungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg | Battery with thermal switch and pneumatically actuated switch and method for safe operation of the battery |
| KR101371740B1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-12 | 기아자동차(주) | System and method for controlling temperature of battery |
| CN103883544A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Control method and control device for engine cooling fan |
| US9440601B2 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-09-13 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | System for providing voltage measurements of battery cells to a PCB within a battery module |
| CN204158920U (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-18 | 江西凯马百路佳客车有限公司 | A kind of split type battery case automatic extinguishing device |
| KR20160080800A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-08 | 에이치엘그린파워 주식회사 | Pressure sensitive apparatus for preventing over charging and control method thereof |
| WO2016179504A1 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-10 | Landsdowne Laboratories,Inc. | Pressure-sensitive batteries, systems and methods related thereto |
| CN205828597U (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | A kind of new-energy automobile refrigerating device of accumulator |
| CN206022563U (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-03-15 | 河南锂动电源有限公司 | A kind of automobile power cell for detecting warning function with air pressure |
| CN206098498U (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-04-12 | 广东精进能源有限公司 | Automotive power battery box of safety battery module |
| CN106410302A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 天津四洋新能源科技有限公司 | High-and-low-temperature-controllable power lithium ion battery device |
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